;ª\If]k

/fxtdf /fhgLlt

b}lgs ?=@) xhf/eGbf a9Lsf] sf/f]af/ ug]{ dxf]Q/L, uf}zfnfsf /fd;f]uf/y g'lgofn] s'g} lbg s'lxPsf] Ro"/f vfg'knf{ eGg] ;f]r]sf;Dd lyPgg\ . t/, @& c;f/df dWo t/fO{df cfPsf] ljgfzsf/L af9Ln] 3/jf/;Fu} ;Dk"0f{ ;DklQ aufPkl5 pgL /fxt:j?k kfPsf] s'lxPsf] Ro"/f / ld7f -;v/_ rkfP/ ef]s 6fg{ afWo eP . #! c;f/df af9LkLl8tx¿nfO{ afFl8Psf] Ro"/f vfg} g;lsg] u/L s'lxPsf] lyof] .

o:t}, cf;dfg g]kfnn] dxf]Q/L / wg'iffsf af9LkLl8tnfO{ ljt/0f u/]sf] /fxt ;fdu|Lsf] kl/df0f elgPsf] eGbf lgs} sd kfOof] . cf;dfgsf] /fxt ;"rLdf sk8f, lqkfn nufotsf ;fdfgsf] gfd b]lvGYof] t/ tL ;fdfgx¿ s'g} kLl8tn] kfPgg\ . dxf]Q/Lsf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ljdnk|;fb 9sfn;d]t /]8qm;n] afF8]sf] Ro"/f s'lxPsf] eGb} af9L kLl8tx¿n] lng c:jLsf/ u/]sf] :jLsf/ u5{g\ .

ptf, hn]Zj/ gu/kflnsfn] af9LkLl8t–x¿nfO{ /fxt ;fdu|L pknAw u/fpg] eGb} k]ZsL lnPsf] ?=! nfv #) xhf/af6 !) SjLG6n Ro"/f dfq ljt/0f u/]kl5 #) c;f/df a;]sf] ;j{bnLo a}7sn] tTsfnLg gu/k|d'v ljgf]b ld>nfO{ km6\sf/]]sf] lyof] . To;kl5 dfq pgn] Tof] /sd cfˆg} thlahn] vr{ ul//x]sf] :jLsf/ u/]sf lyP .

Ps}lbg tLg ;o ldlnln6/eGbf a9L kfgL k/]kl5 cfPsf] af9Ln] clt k|efljt wg'iff / dxf]Q/Ldf af9L kLl8tx¿nfO{ ljt/0f eO/x]sf] /fxtdf klg /fhgLlt k;]sf] 5 . lhNnf b}jLk|sf]k p4f/ ;ldlt, /]8qm;, h]l;;, /fdfgGb o'jf Sna, cf;dfg g]kfn, If]qLo k|x/L OsfO{ sfof{no nufotsf ;/sf/L Pj+ u}/;/sf/L lgsfox¿n] /fxt ;fdu|L ljt/0fsf nflu tof/ kf/]sf] af9LkLl8tx¿sf] ;"rLdf y'k}| jf:tljs kLl8tx¿sf] gfdf]lgzfg 5}g .

wg'iffsf] nIdLk'/ ju]jf–% a:g] h'd/ft sjf8Lsf] 3/sf] 6f6 -kvf{n_ dfq} af9Ln] eTsfP klg /fxt kfpg] ;"rLdf pgsf] 3/ g} af9Ln] aufPsf] pNn]v 5 . ;f]xL ufpFsf lgu'{0f /fptsf] 3/ af9Ln] aufP klg p;sf] gfd s'g} ;"rLdf ;d]l6Psf] 5}g .

df}sfdf hg;dy{g a6'Ng] Wo]on] g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] wg'iffsf s/La cfwfbh{g af9L k|efljt uflj;df /fxt ;fdu|L ljt/0f u/]sf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLsf] lhNnf hg;/sf/ pk–k|d'v rGb]Zj/ d08nsf cg';f/ dfcf]jfbLn] lhNnfsf] e8l/of, ls/tk'/, cf}/xL / s6/}tsf sfo{stf{ kl/rfng u/L /fxt afF8]sf] 5 . ;/sf/L :t/af6 afFl8Psf] /fxt kl/0ffdeGbf bf]Aa/ /fxt ljt/0f u/]sf] dfcf]jfbLsf] bfaL 5 . s6/}tdf dfcf]jfbLsf] hgd'lQm ;]gfn] p4f/sf] sfo{ ;d]t u/]sf] lhNnf ;]qm]6/L /fh]zn] atfP . t/, lhNnfl:yt zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf] Aof/]sn] ljb|f]xL g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] /fxt ;fdu|L ljt/0f gu/]sf] bfaL ub}{ To:tf ;dfrf/ ;Dk|]if0f gug{ 3'dfp/f] kf/fdf ;~rf/sdL{x¿nfO{ lgb]{zg lbPsf] 5 .

• clht ltjf/L, hgsk'/

t/sf/Ldf /f]u, ahf/df c;/

tLg jif{ cl3b]lv dsjfgk'/, kfn'ª If]qsf]] t/sf/L afnLdf b]vf k/]sf] Sna?6 -ufF7]_ /f]usf sf/0f ls;fgx¿ xtf; ePsf 5g\ . t/sf/L v]tLdf a9L cfl>t kfn'ª, bfdg, ah|af/fxL, lrTnfª, l6:6'ª, cfu|f, uf]ug] nufotsf uflj;x¿af6 jif]{lg ?=@! s/f]8 a/fa/sf] t/sf/L laqmL x'g] uYof]{ . sf7df8f}F, jL/u~h, kf]v/f, hgsk'/, a'6jn, e}/xjf, x]6f}F8f, lj/f6gu/ x'Fb} ef/tsf] k6gf / l;lnu'8L;Dd ahf/ lnPsf] kfn'ªsf] t/sf/Lsf] pTkfbg o; jif{ lgs} sd x'g] ;Í]t b]lvPsf] 5 . t/sf/Lsf] h/fdf nfUg] Sna?6 -x]= tl:a/_ sf sf/0f ls;fgx¿n] t/sf/L pv]nL cGg /f]Kg yfn]sf] bfdg uflj; ;lrj Hof]lt /fodf‰L atfpF5g\ .

:yfgLo s[ifs slj/fh s];Lsf cg';f/, /f]usf] k|sf]k tLj| ag]kl5 cfwfeGbf a9L sfpnL / aGbf kmfn]/ wfg / ds} /f]lkPsf] 5 . kfn'ªaf6 jif]{lg ?=@ s/f]8 %) nfvsf] cfn', ?=% s/f]8 @% nfvsf] aGbf / ?=& s/f]8 !* nfvsf] sfpnL lgof{t x'g] lhNnf s[lif sfof{nosf] cg'dfg 5 . o:t} ?=! s/f]8 &% nfvsf] d'nf, ?=@$ nfvsf] ufh/, wlgofF / s]/fp, ?=! nfv @% xhf/sf] ;fu / ?=$ s/f]8sf] hl8a'6L / cGo afnL lgof{t x'g] kfn'ªdf o; jif{ aGbf / sfpnLsf] v]tL;d]t Sna?6af6 k|efljt ePsf 5g\ .

nuftf/ Pp6} e"lddf t/sf/L v]tL x'g' / cTolws ljifflbsf] k|of]un] Sna?6 b]vf k/]sf] t/ lgoGq0f ug{ g;lsPsf] lhNnf s[lif sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 . sDtLdf rf/ jif{ t/sf/L afnL 5f8]/ cGo v]tL ug'{kg]{ k|fljlwssf] ;Nnfxn] ls;fgx¿ pN6} lg/fz ePsf 5g\ . ls;fgx¿n] t/sf/L v]tL 5f8]/ wfg / ds} /f]Kg yfn]kl5 o;af6 hLjg u'hf/f gx'g] ts{ bfdgsf njz]/ lji6sf] 5 . Sna?6af6 cfn' v]tL ar] klg cGo t/sf/L afnLdf &) k|ltzt lu/fj6 cfPsf] xfn} kfn'ªdf ul/Psf] Ps cWoogn] b]vfPsf] 5 .

• /fds'df/ Png, x]6f}F8f

c:ktfns} 5]pdf sfnfHj/

aLkL :jf:Yo lj1fg k|lti7fgsf] 6«lksn jf8{}df sfnfHj/sf lj/fdL .

sfnfHj/sf] lgMz'Ns pkrf/ ub}{ cfPsf] aLkL sf]O/fnf :jf:Yo lj1fg k|lti7fg glhs} eP klg ;dod} /f]u lrGg g;Sbf w/fg– !$, ljhok'/df rf/ hgfsf] d[To' ePsf] 5 . ljz]if u/L t/fO{df b]lvg] of] /f]u nfu]/ kmfu'g @)^) otf w/fgdf d[To' x'g]df ljhok'/sf] lk08]Zj/ dlGb/glhs a;f]af; ug]{ tLg k'?if / Ps dlxnf /x]sf 5g\ . uPsf] kmfu'gdf %) jifL{o g/axfb'/ vgfnsf] d[To' ePnuQ} s]d'gf /fO{, xl/ k|wfg of] /f]usf] lzsf/ eP . k|Nxfb /fO{sf] eg] h]7sf] bf];|f] ;ftf pkrf/s} qmddf c:ktfndf d[To' ePsf] lyof] . w/fg !$ glhs}sf] ;'s'Daf;L a:tLsf b'O{ la/fdLdf ;d]t sfnfHj/sf] nIf0f e]l6Psf] 5 .

5f]/f clgn;lxt k|lti7fgsf] …6«lksn jf8{Údf egf{ ePsf ljhok'/sf k"0f{axfb'/ v8\sf /f]u glrg]/ 6f]ndf wfdL–‰fFqmL ub}{ a;]sfn] l5d]sLx¿sf] Hofg uPsf] atfpF5g\ . eG5g\, æb'O{ xKtfcl3 c:ktfn egf{ ePkl5 rflxF afFlrG5 ls eGg] cfzf hfu]sf] 5 .Æ lbgx'F Ps} nIf0f ePsf la/fdLx¿ a9\g yfn]kl5 lrlGtt j8fjf;Lx¿n] Ps dlxgfcl3 dfq} j8fdf sfnfHj/sf] k|sf]k lelqPsf] yfxf kfPsf lyP . /f]un] rfk]sf] 5 dlxgf;Dd wfdL–‰f‘qmLs} e/df /f]u lgsf] x'g] cfzfdf /x]sf /f]uLx¿ glhs} /x]sf] c:ktfndf ;d]t k'u]gg\ . a?, glhssf] cf}iflw k;naf6 Hj/f] cfPsf], 6fpsf] b'v]sf] cf}iflw lsGb}, vfFb} a;] . hals k"jf{~rnsf sfnfHj/sf /f]uLx¿sf nflu aLkL k|lti7fgdf 5'§} …6«lksn jf8{Úsf] Joj:yf 5 .

k|lti7fgsf d]l8l;g ljefu k|d'v 8f= k|Nxfb sfsL{ k|foM ;'s'Daf;L a:tLx¿df of] /f]u b]lvPsf] / u/LaL tyf c1fgtfsf sf/0f pkrf/ ug{ ;lsg] /f]uaf6 ;d]t la/fdLx¿n] dg'{ k/]sf] atfpF5g\ . ljhok'/af6 dfq} @@ hgf sfnfHj/af6 k|efljt eO{ k|lti7fgdf egf{ eO;s]sf] hfgsf/L k|lti7fgsf] …6«lksn jf8{Ún] lbPsf] 5 .

t/fO{df kfOg] æ;]06ˆnfO{Æ gfds e';'gfn] 6f]Sbf ;g]{ sfnfHj/sf] k|sf]k w/fgdf b]lvPkl5 lrlsT;sx¿ g} crlDdt ag]sf 5g\ . lhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{nosf k|d'v 8f= ah|lszf]/ 7fs'/ k|lti7fgsf tkm{af6 d]l8l;g ljefu k|d'v 8f= sfsL{, 8f= ;~hLj e08f/L / ;fd'bflos :jf:Yo k|d'v pd]znfn s0f{ ;lxtsf] lrlsT;s 6f]nLn] w/fg–!$ sf k|efljt a:tLsf] xfn} :ynut lg/LIf0f u/]sf] 5 . æ;'s'Daf;L a:tL ePsfn] w]/} 7fp‘df kfgL hDg], nfdv'§] nfUg] t/ ‰"n k|of]u gug]{ / cTolws ;F'u'/ kfngn] g} of] /f]u km}nfPsf] x'g;S5,Æ 8f= sfsL{ atfpF5g\ . /f]usf] k|sf]k a9]kl5 lhNnf hg:jf:Yo sfof{no / w/fg gu/kflnsfsf] ;xof]udf a:tLdf e';'gf dfg]{ cf}iflw 5s{g z'? ul/Psf] 5 . sfnfHj/sf] k|sf]kaf6 k|To]s jif{ ;fpgdf nfUg]] af]nad d]nfdf cfpg] xhf/f}F eQmhgx¿;d]t k|efljt aGg ;Sg] vt/f pTkGg ePsf] 5 .

• 8Da/s[i0f >]i7, w/fgdf{

Knfli6sn] lkg'{ lk¥of]

dfgf] 5/]/ d'/L pAhfpg] a]nf bfª, uf]nf}/fsf s[ifs /]v/fh e08f/L v]tsf ux|fdf cf}iflwsf ;'O{, l;;fsf 6'qmf Pj+ Knfli6s l6Kg Jo:t 5g\ . -x]= tl:a/_ e08f/Lsf xnuf]? / Pp6f b'x'gf] e};L;d]t 3fF;;Fu} rbf{ ltg} kmf]xf]/ vfP/ d/] . æv]tL ug]{ a]nf Knfli6s l6Kg] ls v]tL ug]{ <Æ e08f/L k|Zg u5{g\ .

v]tdf Knfli6s l6Kbf g} ;do nfu]/ l9nf] v]tL x'g] ePsfn] pgsf] kfFr s7\7f v]tdf jif]{lg tLg d'/Lsf b/n] wfg pTkfbgdf x|f; cfpg' e08f/Ln] ef]lu/x]sf] csf]{ ;d:of xf] .

k|lt xKtf #÷$ 6\ofS6/ hDdf x'g] t'n;Lk'/ gu/sf] kmf]xf]/ c:tJo:t tl/sfn] ;Lw} :yfgLo kft'vf]nfdf kmflnFbf jiff{ofddf cfPsf] e]nn] aufP/ v]t–v]tdf k'¥ofPkl5 t'n;Lk'/ / 6l/ufpFsf ls;fgx¿ v]tsf Knfli6s, ;'O{, l;;f / tf/ l6Kg afWo 5g\ .
a6f]nk'/sf s[ifs efO/fd rf}w/L @@ c;f/df v]t hf]Tg hfFbf b'O{ OGr nfdf] ;'O{ la‰]/ Ps xKtf ynf k/] . ædn lsGg egL 5'6\ofPsf] /sd cf}iflwsf nflu vr{ ug'{ k¥of],Æ rf}w/L cfˆgf] afWotf ;'gfpF5g\ .

t'n;Lk'/–^ s} dfgaxfb'/ rf}w/Lsf] v]t hf]Tbfhf]Tb} l;;fsf] 6'qmfn] sf6]/ v'§fsf] k}tfnfdf s/La Ps laQfsf] 3fp agfof] / kGw| lbg;Dd lxF8\g g;Sg] eP . cfkm" x'Fbfx'Fb} klg v]tL ug{sf nflu !% kfyL wfg lbP/ csf]{ afp/] /fVg' k¥of] pgnfO{ .

/fOvlnofgsf s[ifs Clif/fd Gof}kfg]sf cg';f/ tL ufpFa:tLsf b'O{ bh{geGbf a9L ls;fgx¿ v]tdf e]l6g] ;'O{, l;;f la‰L 3fOt] eO;s]sf 5g\ eg] kmf]xf]/sf] 5]p5fp a:t'efp rbf{ Ps bh{geGbf a9L a:t'efp l;;f, tf/, ;'O{ vfP/ dl/;s]sf 5g\ .

Psflt/ :jf:Yo If]qdf k|ToIf c;/ kfg]{ / csf]{lt/ s[lif pTkfbgdf x|f; Nofpg] ahf/sf] kmf]xf]/ gu/kflnsfn] Jojl:yt ug'{kg]{ k|d'v bfloTj ;D‰L kmf]xf]/ kLl8t ufpFsf o'jfx¿n] gu/kflnsf sfof{nod} @@ c;f/df …t'gkfsf] kmf]xf]/d}nf Joj:yfkgÚ ljifos ;j{kIfLo cGt/lqmof;d]t /fv]sf lyP . t/ ;d:ofsf] ;'g'jfO{ st}af6 ePg .

t'n;Lk'/ gu/kflnsfsf] 5}6f}F gu/kl/ifbn] bL3{sfnLg ¿kdf kmf]xf]/ Jojl:yt ug{ a6f]nk'/ / sk8fb]jLsf b'O{ j6f lr/fnfO{ ;+efJo lj;h{g s]Gb|sf ¿kdf 5gf}6 ul/;s]sf] 5 . t/, cfly{s cefj / /fhgLlts cl:y/tfsf sf/0f 8lDkª ;fO6 lgdf{0f ug{ g;lsPsf] gu/kflnsfsf sfo{sf/L clws[t t'kmfgl;+x s];L atfpF5g\ .

bfªs} csf]{ gu/kflnsf lqe'jggu/ eg] Knfli6s lgif]lwt If]q 3f]if0ff eO;s]sf] 5 .

• /]vfs';'d /]UdL, bfª

;s{;sf] kL8f k"j{df klg

;s{;af6 kmsf{OPsf dw'/L ljZjsdf{ / lza' du/ .

ef/tLo ;s{;df kfFr aflnsf k'¥ofP/ s]xL dlxgfsf nflu /fd|f] aGbf]a:t h'6fPsf df]/ª, OGb|k'/–# sf 6Lsfb]jL du/ / pgsL dfOh" 6Lsfdfof du/ w]/} lbg 9'Ssn] a:g kfPgg\ . pgLx¿sf] st'{t :yfgLo dfcf]jfbLsxfF k'Uof] / a]lrPsf s]6fs]6L gkmsf{P …sf/afxLÚ ul/g] r]tfjgL ;d]t kfP pgLx¿n] . r]tfjgL kfPnuQ} pgLx¿åf/f a]lrPsf b'O{ lszf]/L ufpF kmsf{OPsf 5g\ . cGo tLg lszf]/L c‰} a]kQf 5g\ . ufpFs} dlxnfn] s]6fs]6L a]r]sf] kf]n v'n]kl5 :yfgLo afl;Gbfn] bnfn dlxnfx¿nfO{ l;:g'kfgL nufpFb} ufpFlgsfnf u/]sf 5g\ . æef/tLo gf]6 rflxFb}g, afnaflnsf a]Rg kfOFb}gÆ nufotsf gf/f;lxtsf] Kn]sf8{ 9f8df le/fP/ l6g 7f]Sb} ufpFlgsfnf ul/Psf ef~hL–dfOh" ufpFaf;Lsf] lk6fOn] ynf k/]sf 5g\ . ;fj{hlgs a]OHhtLsf qmddf pgLx¿ b'j}n] ;s{;df kfFr afnaflnsf a]r]sf] :jLsf/]sf lyP .

Onfdaf6 ;d]t s]6L a]r]sf] cf/f]kdf nv]l6PsL 6Lsfb]jLn] k|ltJolQm ?=@& xhf/sf b/n] afnaflnsf a]Rg] u/]sf] / )%$ ;fnb]lv clxn];Dd !^ afnaflnsfnfO{ ef/t, hjnk'/sf] ;s{;df k'¥ofPsf] lnlvt aofg lbPsL 5g\ . aofgs} qmddf pgn] cfˆgf tLg 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ ;d]t rf/ jif{cl3 ;s{;df a]r]sf]] /x:o vf]n]sL 5g\ . lj/f6gu/sf] ah/ËjnL dlGb/glhs a:g] …/]ª\ldgL lbbLÚn] ;s{;df ;Dks{ u/fOlbPsf], slxn]sfxLF …/fh' ljxf/LÚ eGg] ef/tLo bnfn uf8L lnP/ …/]ª\ldgL lbbLÚ sxfF cfpg] u/]sf] pgsf] egfO lyof] .

;s{;af6 kmsf{OPsL OGb|k'/–# ;'s'Daf;L 6f]nsL !% jifL{of dw'/L 6Lsfb]jLsf tLg} hgf 5f]/f5f]/L ;s{;df si6s/ sfd ug{ afWo ePsf] atfpFl5g\ . æcfdfn] xfdLnfO{ g/sdf NofOg\ . xfd|f] hLjg aaf{b eof] eGb} pgLx¿ /f]O/xGy],Æ dw'/Ln] elgg\ . cfˆgL >LdtL 6Lsfb]jL / dfOh" ;f;" 6Lsfdfofsf] ;fj{hlgs a]OHhtL ePkl5 pgLx¿nfO{ ;3fpFb} cfPsf /fdaxfb'/ /fgfdu/ @ ;fpgb]lv a]kQf 5g\ . ufpFn]n] kqmfp u/L Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no a]naf/Ldf a'‰fPsf bnfn dlxnfx¿;d]t lagf cg';Gwfg l/xf ePsf 5g\ .

bnfnåo 6Lsf dfof / 6Lsfb]jL du/ .

afnaflnsfnfO{ )%$ ;fnb]lv ;s{;df nu]/ a]Rg] u/]sf] 6Lsfb]jLn] :jLsfl/;s]kl5 klg k|x/L k|zf;g eg] bf]ifL arfp cleofgdf nfu]sf] 5 . Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no a]naf/L k'¥ofOPsf bnfnx¿nfO{ k|x/Ln] z'?df a'´g;d]t c:jLsf/ u/]sf] lyof] . ædlxnf /fVg] 7fpF 5}gÆ eg]/ 6fg]{ sfd dfq ePg, dlxnf k|x/L ljbfdf uPsf] eGg] axfgfjfhL ;d]t ul/of] . k|x/Lsf] pbf;Lgtfkl5 cfqmf]lzt ufpFn]x¿n] bnfnåonfO{ ;fj{hlgs a]OHhtL u/]sf lyP . Ok|sf a]naf/Ln] eg] x'nbËf u/]sf] cleof]u;lxt :yfgLo rf/ JolQmnfO{ $ ;fpgdf jf/]G6 hf/L u¥of] . bnfnx¿dflysf] s'6lk6df ;+nUg g} gePsf dx]Gb| sfsL{, s[i0f sfsL{, ljgf]b cf]‰f / csL{ Ps dlxnfnfO{ jf/]G6 hf/L ul/Pkl5 t ‰g\ k|x/L st'{t v'Nnf cfsfz ‰}F 5n{Ë} eof] eG5g\ hghflt jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf cWoIf k|]d /fO{ . ToxL ljifodf ^ ;fpgdf Ok|sf a]naf/L kl/;/df ufpFn], kLl8t, kL8s / k|x/L aLr 5nkmn ePsf] lyof] . 5nkmns} qmddf kL8sx¿n] cf}F7f5fk;lxt ufpFn]nfO{ lbPsf] b'O{ k]h nfdf] askq / To;sf] gSsn Ok|sf a]naf/Lsf k|x/L lg/LIfs /d]z sfsL{n] ufpFaf;Laf6 hkmt u/L Roft]sf lyP .

kmsf{OPsf afnaflnsfsf cg';f/, hjnk'/sf] ;s{;df dfq} ;oeGbf a9L g]kfnL afnaflnsf kL8fbfoL hLjg latfO/x]sf 5g\ .n
;f]dgfy afF:tf]nf