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dfgjclwsf/sf] kIfdf s]xL k|ult eP klg ;du| l:ylt c‰} eofjx 5 . zfxL ;]gf dfgjclwsf/ xgg\sf 36gf ;'Gg;Dd tof/ ePsf] 5, bf]ifLdfly sfo{jfxLsf] ;§f 9fs5f]k ug{] k|j[lQ oyfjt\ 5 . dfcf]jfbLn] t dfgjclwsf/sf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ g} nTofO/x]sf] 5 .

g]kfn cToGt hl6n cj:yfaf6 u'lh|/x]sf] 5 . hl6ntfsf ljleGg kIfx¿dWo] Ps, ;z:q åGådf dfgjclwsf/ / cGt/f{li6«o dfgjLo sfg"gx¿sf] pNnª\3gn] g]kfnsf] cGt/f{li6«o 5ljdf k/]sf] c;/ xf] . ;'/Iff lgsfon] kqmfp u/]sf JolQmx¿ a]kQf kfl/Psf s/La *)) 36gf /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]udf btf{ ePsf 5g\ . ph'/L gk/]sf t/ a]kQf ePsf JolQmx¿sf] ;ª\Vof klg pNn]vgLo /x]sf] 5 . k|foM k|To]s lbg rf/–kfFr hgf JolQmx¿ slyt d'7e]8df dfl/O/x]sf 5g\ . g]skf dfcf]jfbLnfO{ zÍf nfu]sf JolQmx¿sf] lg/Gt/ xTof eO/x]sf] 5 . /, ltgn] ug]{ xTofsf] tl/sf g[z+; / dWoo'uLg 5 . lgoGq0fdf lnOPsf] JolQmsf] xTof ug'{ cGt/f{li6«o dfgjLo sfg"gsf] pNnª\3g dfq x}g, To;n] …sfg"gsf] zf;gÚ / …sfg"gsf] plrt k|lqmofÚ sf] l;4fGtsf] 3f]/ pNnª\3g ub{5 / d'n'ssf] k|hftGqaf/] /fli6«o / cGt/f{li6«o ;d'bfodf k|Zg p7fpF5 . kmntM b]z c;Eo /fi6«sf] ;"rLdf kg]{ vt/f a9\b} uPsf] 5 .

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d[To'b08sf] ;hfo lgif]w u/]sf] g]kfndf cfh k|To]s lbg cf7–bz hgfsf] u}/sfg"gL xTof eO/x]sf] 5 . u}/lhDd]jf/ ljb|f]xLx¿ dfq x}g, lhDd]jf/ /fHon] klg …h:tfnfO{ t:t}Ú jf …k|]d / o'4df h] u/]klg hfohÚ eGg] dfGotfcg';f/ sfd u/]sf] kfOG5 . ufpFdf dflg;x¿ ql;t dfq x}g, kL8fbfos hLjg latfO/x]sf 5g\ eg] dfcf]jfbLdf nfu]sf / ;'/Iff lgsfodf hflu/ vfPsfx¿sf] kl/jf/ ;Gqf;k"0f{ hLjg latfO/x]sf 5g\ . t/ o;sf] c;/ sf7df8f}Fsf dWod / wgf9\o ju{df k/]sf] b]lvFb}g, a'l4hLjLx¿df ;+j]bgxLgtfsf] qmd a9\bf] 5 . dfgjclwsf/ pNnª\3gsf 36gfx¿k|lt ;du|df hlt rf;f] x'g'kg]{ xf] Tolt kfOFb}g .

bf];|f] ljZjo'4sf] ;Gqf;kl5 /fHon] cfˆg} hgtfk|lt ug]{ HofbtLx¿nfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ dfgjclwsf/sf l;4fGtx¿ k|ltkflbt ePsf x'g\ . …o'4sf klg ;Ldf / lgod x'G5g\Ú eGg] dfGotf eg] cGt/f{li6«o dfgjLo sfg"gn] ;g\ c7f/ ;osf] cGTolt/} :yfkgf ul/;s]sf] lyof] . dfgjclwsf/ / cGt/f{li6«o dfgjLo sfg"gk|lt s'g} /fi6«n] cGt/f{li6«o ¿kdf k|lta4tf hgfPkl5 To;sf] bfloTj klg cGt/f{li6«o k|s[lts} x'G5 . /, o;sf] pNnª\3gdf s'g} b]z jf JolQmn] cfjfh p7fpg' b]zsf] ;fj{ef}ldstfsf] l;4fGt ljk/Lt x'g} ;Qm}g . /fHo cfkm}Fn] :yflkt u/]sf] …sfg"gsf] zf;gÚ / …sfg"gsf] plrt k|lqmofÚ sf] pNnª\3g ug'{ ck|hftflGqs sfo{sf ;fy} dfgjclwsf/sf] pNnª\3g klg xf] . c‰ bf]ifLdfly sfaf{xL gug'{ / uNtL :jLsf/ gug'{ tyf ;fj{hlgs Ifdf gdfUg' ck|hftflGqs sfo{ t x'Fb} xf], Tof] dfgjclwsf/sf] 3f]/ pNnª\3g klg xf] . xfn}, O/fsdf aGbLx¿dfly ePsf] HofbtLsf] lglDt /fi6«klt a';n] ;fj{hlgs Ifdfofrgf u/] / cd]l/sfsf] k|hftGqdflysf] ljZjf; k'gM bf]xf]¥ofO{ bf]ifLdfly sfaf{xLsf] yfngL ul/of] . xfd|f ;]gfsf nflu of] Pp6f crDdsf] 36gf x'g'kb{5 . lsgeg] zfxL ;]gfn] u/]sf cTofrf/sf 36gfx¿ eGbf p;n] ltgsf] 9fs5f]k ug{ ug]{ k|of; eoÍ/ 5 . oxfF k|Zg p7\5 anfTsf/L ;}lgs sd{rf/Ln] kmf}hsf] dgf]an a9fpF5 of pmdflysf] sfaf{xLn] <

g]kfndf ;z:q åGå z'? ePb]lv g} åGå k|efljt dfgjclwsf/ pNnª\3gsf 36gfx¿ b]lvg yfn]sf ePtfklg ;Í6sfnkl5 ;}lgs kl/rfng ePotf dfq} To:tf 36gfx¿sf] Jofks ¿kdf /fli6«o / cGt/f{li6«o cg'udg z'? eof] . b]zdf ePsf dfgjclwsf/ / cGt/f{li6«o dfgjLo sfg"gsf] pNnª\3gsf 36gfx¿sf] k|rng / kIfx¿nfO{ ljut b'O{ jif{otf ul/Psf cg'udgn] /fli6«o / cGt/f{li6«o ¿kd} :yflkt ul/;s]sf 5g\ . dfgjclwsf/ pNnª\3gsf 36gfx¿df pNn]vgLo sdL gcfP tfklg ;a} dfgjclwsf/jfbLx¿ dfcf]jfbL x'g\ eGg] ;]gfsf] ;f]rfOdf eg] s]xL kl/jt{gsf ;Í]tx¿ b]lvPsf 5g\ .

cGt/f{li6«o rf;f]
gful/s ;dfhsf] rf;f]af6 :yfkgf ul/Psf] dfgjclwsf/ cfof]usf kbflwsf/Lx¿sf] lgo'lQm;Fu} c;Gt'li6x¿ klg b]lvP . :yfkgf u/]sf] s]xL ;dokl5 g} cfGtl/s ljjfbdf k/]sf cfof]usf b'O{ hgf ;lrjx¿sf] /flhgfdf, Ps hgf ;b:osf] lgnDag / csf{ Ps hgf ;b:osf] lvrnf]sf sf/0f ;fj{hlgs ljjfbdf k/L cfof]u b'3{6gfsf] d'vdf k'u]sf] lyof] . tyflk, afXo bafa Pj+ ;xof]un] ubf{Ù cfof]un] ^) j6f lhNnfdf dfgjclwsf/sf] l:yltsf] :ynut cg'udg / s/La #) j6f 36gfx¿sf] Jojl:yt cg';Gwfg u/L To;af6 k|fKt tYonfO{ /fli6«o / cGt/f{li6«o ;d'bfodf k|]lift u/L b]zsf] dfgjclwsf/sf] l:yltk|lt Wofgfsif{0f u/fpg ;kmn ePsf] 5 . cfof]un] ;Íng u/]sf Jojl:yt / e/kbf{ ;"rgfx¿sf sf/0fn] Psflt/ ;/sf/dfly Jofks bafa l;h{gf x'g yfNof] eg] csf{lt/ cfof]usf] ul/df / ljZj;gLotfdf pNn]Vo j[l4 ePsf] 5 .

k|hftGqsf] k'g:yf{kgf;Fu} dfgjclwsf/jfbL ;+3 ;+:yfx¿n] dfgjclwsf/nfO{ hgtfsf] ljifoj:t' agfpg cxd\ e"ldsf v]n]sf x'g\ . t/ logLx¿sf] Jofj;flos Ifdtf k|a4{gfTds / zflGtsf] a]nf dfq sfd ug]{ vfnsf] ePsfn] w]/} dfgjclwsf/jfbL ;+:yfx¿n] åGåsf] a]nf cfˆgf] e"ldsf b]vfpg ;s]gg\ . g]kfn af/ Pzf]l;Pg / kqsf/ dxf;+3 h:tf Jofj;flos ;+:yfx¿nfO{ k|ToIf ¿kdf åGåsf] c;/ k/]sfn] pgLx¿ l:yltk|lt uDeL/ / lqmofzLn eP klg hgtfdf kg{] u/L kl/0ffd b]Vg ;lsPg . s[i0f kxf8L h:tf sltko dfgjclwsf/sdL{x¿ d'n'ssf] dfgjclwsf/sf] l:yltk|lt hgtfsf] uDeL/ Wofgfsif{0f u/fpg ;kmn eP, t/ To;sf] klg bfo/f ;fF3'/f] g} /Xof] . s]xL dfgjclwsf/jfbL ;+:yfsf k|ltlglwx¿ cGt/f{li6«o …nljOªÚ ug{ ;Sg] Jofj;flos hfgsf/L / Ifdtfsf sf/0f g]kfnsf] dfgjclwsf/sf] l:yltnfO{ cGt/f{li6«os/0f ug{ ;kmn eP . :yfgLo ¿kdf xfn;fn} :yfkgf ul/Psf gful/s;dfhsf dfgjclwsf/ cg'udg ;~hfnx¿ eg] sltko 7fpFdf k|efjsf/L b]lvPsf 5g\ .

cGt/f{li6«o dfgjclwsf/jfbL ;+3–;+:yfx¿n] g]kfnsf dfgjclwsf/sdL{x¿sf] k|lt/f]w Ifdtf j[l4 ug{ /fd|f] e"ldsf lgjf{x u/]sf 5g\ . lgikIf / uf]Ko ¿kdf sfd ug]{ /]8qm;sf] cGt/f{li6«o ;ldltsf] :ynut pkl:yltn] dfgjclwsf/sdL{x¿sf] dgf]an a9fof] . ljz]iftM ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo k4ltnfO{ g]kfnsf] l:yltaf/] Wofgfsif{0f u/fpg, cGt/f{li6«o cledt l;h{gf ug{ / ;/sf/L lgsfox¿dfly cGt/f{li6«o bafa l;h{gf ug{ y'k|} cGt/f{li6«o u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿sf] e"ldsf k|z+;gLo 5 . PDg]i6L OG6/g]zgnn] hf/L ug]{ lj1lKtx¿nfO{ ljleGg ;~rf/dfWodn] 7fpF lbP/ dfgjclwsf/jfbL b[li6sf]0fLo r]tgf a9fpg ;xfotf k'¥ofpFb} cfPsf 5g\ . t/ klg hgtfsf] txdf To;sf] cfzftLt k|efj l;h{gf x'g;s]sf] 5}g . ;fj{hlgs Wofgfsif{0faf6 w]/} JolQmx¿sf] hLjg t hf]luPs} 5 .

bafan] sfd u¥of]
sDo'lgi6x¿k|lt s8f b[li6sf]0f /fVg] o'/f]k]nL d'n'sx¿n] lgbf]{if tyf ;j{;fwf/0f Pj+ lgz:q dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{x¿nfO{ ;'/Iff kmf}hn] df/]sf]df uDeL/ rf;f] b]vfP . ;z:q ljb|f]xnfO{ s;/L lgoGq0f ug]{ eGg] gLltut b[li6sf]0fdf pgLx¿sf] km/s dt 5 . pgLx¿ ;d:ofsf] /fhgLlts ;dfwfg rfxG5g\ / /fHoaf6 Jofks ¿kdf ;'wf/sf kxnx¿sf] ck]Iff /fVb5g\ . t/ oL b'j} ljifox¿df ;/sf/ k|lta4 b]lvFb}g . g]kfndf eO/x]sf HofbtLsf 36gfnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ g]kfnl:yt gj]{lhofnL, a]nfotL, 8]gdfs]{nL, k|mfG;]nL / hd{g b"tfaf;x¿sf] e"ldsf pNn]vgLo 5 . h;df o'/f]k]nL o'lgogsf] cledt k|efjsf/L dfq} xf]Og, lbzfaf]w u/fpg] k|s[ltsf] x'g] u/]sf] 5 . g]kfndf dfgjclwsf/sf] ;jfndf ‰08} gsf/fTds e"ldsf v]ln/x]sf] cd]l/sfnfO{ klg cfˆgf] wf/0ff kl/jt{g u/fpg / l:yltk|lt uDeL/ x'g dfly plNnlvt b]zx¿sf] ;sf/fTds kxn b]lvof] . dfgjclwsf/ cfof]unfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg, ;'/Iff lgsfox¿df dfgjclwsf/ ;]n u7g ug{, ;'/Iff lgsfonfO{ cf/f]lkt 36gfx¿sf] cg';Gwfg ug{ tyf dfgjclwsf/k|lt g]kfnsf] cGt/f{li6«o bfloTj :d/0f u/fpg pgLx¿sf] cxd\ e"ldsf /x]sf] 5 .

dfgjclwsf/jfbL eGg]ljlQs} gfd, y/, 7]ufgf ;f]Wg] zfxL g]kfnL ;]gf slt k/Dk/fjfbL / ;ª\s'lrt lyof] eGg] s'/f pgLx¿sf] kl/rfngsf] s/La Ps jif{ pgLx¿;Fu sfd ug'{kg]{ afWotf ePsf JolQmx¿nfO{ /fd|/L yfxf 5 . ;]gfsf lqmofsnfkaf6 dfgjclwsf/sf] tLa| dfqfdf pNnª\3g ePsf] egL sfg"gljb\x¿sf] cGt/f{li6«o cfof]un] ;Lw} /fhfnfO{ lr7L n]v]kl5 / cGt/f{li6«o …qmfOl;; u|'kÚ tyf PDg]i6L OG6/g]zgnsf tkm{af6 ;]gfsf HofbtLx¿ ljZjJofkL k|rf/ ePkl5 bafadf k/]sf] ;]gfn] dª\l;/ @)^) b]lv o; ;DaGwL s'/f ;'Gg ;Dd yfn]sf] xf] . To;kl5 ;fj{hlgs ePsf HofbtLsf 36gfx¿sf] tTsfn k|lt/Iff u/] klg leqleq pgLx¿ …36gfsf k|ltj]bg lbg'xf];\ xfdL cg';Gwfg jf sfaf{xL u5f}{FÚ eGg yfn] . s]xL sfaf{xLsf k|ltj]bgx¿ ;fj{hlgs klg eP . …xf:of:kbÚ elgPsf] bf]/Daf k|ltj]bg bf]ifLdfly sfaf{xL u/fpg ;kmn eof] . h]g]efdf ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo dfgjclwsf/ cfof]u a}7s eO/x]sf] a]nf zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf dfgjclwsf/ ;]nsf k|d'vn] cfof]udf cgf}krfl/s e|d0f u/L s]xL 36gfx¿df cg';Gwfg eO/x]sf] hfgsf/L u/fP . d'Vo ;lrjn] cfof]usf lgb]{zgx¿ tTsfn kfng ug{ ;a} ;lrjx¿nfO{ lgb]{zg lbP .

tTsfnLg k//fi6«dGqL e]ifaxfb'/ yfkfn] cfof]udf w]/}k6s cfP/ …dfgjclwsf/sf] l:ylt ;'wf/ ug{ ;/sf/ / ;'/Iff lgsfon] ug'{kg]{ sfdx¿ s] s] x'g ;S5g\Ú egL ;'‰fj dfu] . ;DejtM ;]gfn] klxnf]rf]l6 cfof]usf s'/fx¿nfO{ dGqL yfkfdfkm{t\ ;'Gof] / sDtLdf cfof]usf kbflwsf/L / sd{rf/Lx¿dfly /x]sf] vt/f x6\of] . k//fi6«dGqLn] h]g]efdf JoQm u/]sf ;a} s'/fx¿ sfof{Gjog ePgg\, t/ ;DejtM klxnf]rf]l6 g} cGt/f{li6«o ;d'bfosf] bafasf] c;/ zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf] d'Vofnodf l5¥of] . dfcf]jfbL eGg]lalQs} dfg'{k5{ eGg] ;}lgs wf/0ffdf k"/} kl/jt{g gcfO;s]sf] ePtfklg …dfgjclwsf/jfbLb]lv g‰:sg"Ú eGg] ;Gb]z ;}lgssf] tNn} lgsfo;Dd k'u]sf] cg'ej x'g yfn]sf] 5 .

;Í6 6l/;s]sf] 5}g
g]kfnsf] dfgjclwsf/sf] l:yltk|lt k/]sf] cGt/f{li6«o bafasf sf/0f g]kfnl:yt ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf] sfof{nodf Ps pRr:t/sf ;Nnfxsf/sf] kb:yfkgf ul/of] . /, 5f]6f] ;dod} pNn]Vo Voflt sdfPsf hf]g j]egnfO{ hah{:tL kmsf{Oof] . pgsf k|ltj]bgsf cfwf/df sf]kmL cGgfg / ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo dfgjclwsf/ ljz]if1x¿n] g]kfnk|lt cGt/f{li6«o rf;f] b]vfP / l:yltdf tTsfn ;'wf/ ug{ ;/sf/nfO{ cfu|x u/] . h]g]efdf rn]sf] ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo dfgjclwsf/ cfof]usf] a}7sdf olb g]kfnsf] k|efjsf/L k|lt/Iff gePsf] eP g]kfnsf] cGo b]zx¿;Fusf] k//fi6« ;DaGw / j}b]lzs ;xfotfdf uDeL/ c;/ kg]{ lyof] . g]kfnsf] dfgjclwsf/sf] l:yltdf ;'wf/ ug{ /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]udfkm{t\ k|fljlws ;xof]u pknAw u/fpg Ps ;d‰bf/Lkqdf x:tfIf/ ug]{ ;xdlt ePtfklg xfn;Dd k//fi6« dGqfno To;df uDeL/ b]lvFb}g .

g]kfndf 36]sf 36gfx¿sf] cg'udg cGt/f{li6«o :t/d} eO/x]sf] 5 . olb ;/sf/n] o;sf] dxTj a'‰]g / pNnª\3gsf qmdx¿ lg/Gt/ a9\b} uP eg] To;sf c;/x¿ g]kfn :jo+ /fHo / o;sf k|efjsf/L c+ux¿nfO{ k|ToIf ¿kdf kg]{5 . ljz]iftM zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf] /fd|f] cGt/f{li6«o 5lj /fli6«o ¿kdf wldlnP ‰}F wldlng ;S5 .

dfcf]jfbLsf] wf/0ff / Jojxf/
g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf g]tf / sfo{stf{x¿ dfgjclwsf/sf] wf/0ffk|lt :ki6 5g\M of] …;fd|fHojfbLÚ x¿s} gLlt xf] . pgLx¿sf] /fi6«df /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]u /fHokIfLo xf] / u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿ klg ;a} /fHos} dftxt 5g\ . sltko cj:yfdf dfcf]jfbLx¿ dfgjclwsf/jfbLsf lqmofsnfksf] /fhgLlts k|of]u klg ub{5g\ . tyflk, otf cfP/ dfgjclwsf/ / cGt/f{li6«o dfgjLo sfg"gk|lt ltgsf] b[li6sf]0fdf klg s]xL kl/jt{gsf ;Í]tx¿ b]lvPsf 5g\ .

tyflk, dfcf]jfbLsf cWoIf k|r08n] …h]g]ef sGe]G;g dfq x}g ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3åf/f k|ltkflbt dfgjclwsf/sf l;4fGtx¿ ;d]t kfng ul/g]Ú k|lta4tf JoQm u/] klg dfcf]jfbL kIfaf6 To;sf] k"0f{ sfof{Gjog x'g;s]sf] 5}g . sfg"gL b[li6sf]0faf6 g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf HofbtLsf 36gfx¿ …ck/fwÚ sf ljifoj:t' x'g\, eljiodf klg ltgLx¿nfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ ;lsG5 . t/ sltko lhDd]jf/ JolQmx¿ dfcf]jfbLn] u/]sf] …dfgjclwsf/ pNnª\3gÚ sf 36gfdf cfof]u jf u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿n] s]xL ug{ ;s]gg\ eGb5g\ . lhDd]jf/Lsf] b[li6sf]0faf6 To:tf 36gfx¿ /f]Sg' / pgLx¿åf/f JolQmsf :jtGqtf xgg\ gug]{ jftfj/0f agfpg' klg /fHos} sfd xf] . tyflk, g]skf dfcf]jfbLnfO{ :d/0f u/fpg} kg]{ ljifox¿ s] 5g\ eg], …ck/fwÚ x¿n] …o'4 ck/fwÚ / …dfgjtf lj?4sf] ck/fwÚ sf nIf0f b]vfpg yfn]sf 5g\ . To:tf 36gfx¿sf] cGt/f{li6«o bfloTj x'g] x'Fbf …dxfg d'lQmsf] n8fOFÚ df klg To:tf ck/fwLx¿nfO{ 5"6 x'g] 5}g .

g]kfndf h'g ¿kdf dfgjclwsf/ / cGt/f{li6«o dfgjLo sfg"gsf] pNnª\3g eO/x]sf] 5 To; ¿kdf af}l4s ;d'bfo lrlGtt b]lvFb}g . ;du|df cfd g]kfnLdf ;+j]bgxLgtfsf] ljsf; eO/x]sf] 5 . ufpFsf hgtf ;Í6df kbf{ zx/sfn] lrGtf b]vfPsf] kfOFb}g . kL8fx¿ ulxl/Fb} hfFbf dnd nufpg sf]xL cu|;/ ePsf 5}gg\ . o'4 /f]Sg g;lsPnf, t/ o'4sf tf}/tl/sfdf va/bf/L ug{ ;lsG5 . o'4df dfgjLo ;+j]bgzLntf b]vfpg ;lsG5 . sDtLdf kqmfp k/]sfx¿nfO{ y'g'jf s]Gb|df /fVg], oftgf glbg], sAhf jf lgoGq0fdf cfPsfx¿sf] xTof gug]{, ljgf e]befj af?bL ;'?ªx¿ g/fVg], cfdgful/sx¿nfO{ c;/ kg]{ vfnsf o'4sf tl/sfx¿ k|of]u gug]{, u}/;}lgs dxŒjsf j:t'x¿sf] Wj+; gug]{, pGglt / k|ultsf] cfwf/ dfgL lzIffnfO{ o'4df k|of]u gug]{ h:tf s]xL Go"gtd ;jfnx¿nfO{ p7fpg ;lsG5 / ltgLx¿k|lt ;Ddfg hufpg] k|j[lQ ljsf; ug{ ;lsG5 . o'4df ;+nUg x'g]x¿n] s] a'´g' kb{5 eg] kmf]xf]/ o'4 lht]/ h; kfOFb}g . To;}n] lht]/ klg ;Ddfg gkfOg] o'4nfO{ a]n}df ;Rofpg' h?/L 5 .