k|s[lt / hLjg

s0ff{nLsf nf]s efsfdf r/f

r/fr'?ËLnfO{ ;'Gb/ ;Dkbfsf ¿kdf aofg ul/Psf s0ff{nLsf nf]sefsfx¿n] hgfj/, r/f / sL6ktËsf] afFRg kfpg] clwsf/sf] jsfnt u/]sf 5g\ .

• k|f1 /Tgfs/ b]jsf]6f

wtL{ / cfsfz ;+;f/sf ;d:t hnr/, :ynr/ / ger/ k|f0fLx¿sf] ;f‰f :yn xf] . oxfF dflg;x¿ dfq x'Fb}gg\ . dfG5]sf] cl:tTj / ;d[l4sf nflu klg ;Dk"0f{ hGt'–hgfj/, r/fr'?ËL / ;fgf–7"nf sL6–ktËx¿sf] k|ToIf–k/f]If ;xof]u h'l6/x]sf] x'G5 . t/ cfhef]ln cfkm"nfO{ s]xL hfGg];'Gg] / a'l4hLjL eGg]x¿n] ;d]t dfgjclwsf/sf s'/f dfq p7fO/x]sf b]lvG5g\ . tL klg dfgjLo ;+j]bgzLntfsf cfwf/df geO{ /fhgLlts z}nLaf6 dfq p7]sf 5g\ . ;+;f/ zAb ;fy{s kfg{sf nflu caf]w hgfj/, r/f / sL6–ktËx¿n] klg oxfF afFRg kfpg'k5{ / ;a}n] ltgsf] cl:tTjsf] af]w ul/lbg'kb{5 eGg] s'/f Vofn u/]sf] b]lvFb}g . t/ oyfy{ s] xf] eg] hGt'hgfj/sf] arfp u/]kl5 dfq} dfgj–a:tLsf] ;fy{stf /xG5, gq dfgj–hLjg g} vf]qmf] eP/ hfG5 .

of] ;Gbe{df s0ff{nL c~rnsf k'/fgf c1ft nf]sslj / sjloqLx¿ wGojfbsf kfq 5g\, h;n] hGt'–hgfj/, r/fr'?ËL, sL6ktË, ¿v–jg:klt, h8La'6L, kmnkm"n, sGbd"n, gbLgfnf, tfntnfp, lxdfn–kj{t, cGgkft cflbsf] cl:tTjnfO{ arfO/fVg'k5{ eGg] wf/0ff agfO{ cg]sf}F nf]suLt / pvfgleq oL ljifonfO{ ;dflxt u/]sf 5g\ . ;'b"/klZrd / dWoklZrdf~rnsf kxf8L lhNnfsf] nf]s;flxToleq kfOg] 5Gb, /;, cnÍf/ / efjzf:qLo lgb]{zcg';f/ geO{ cfkm}cfkm lgb]{lzt / k|:km'l6t 5g\ . r/fx¿nfO{ ljz]if dxŒj lbO{ /lrPsf s0ff{nL c~rnsf nf]suLtx¿sf] ;"Id cWoog u/]df :j:km"t{ cnÍf/ / r/fr'?ËLsf b[li6n] lgs} ;d[4 s0ff{nLsf] 5gs kfpg ;lsG5 . k|s[lt / kIfLnfO{ dfof ug]{ s'/fdf s0ff{nL k|b]z ;+j]bgzLn 5 eGg] s'/f tnsf uLlt–pbfx/0fx¿n] klg b]vfpF5g\M

8f]6L /fd\8f] 8F8]n\w'/f, c5fd\ /fd\8f] :xfFM -;fF_ Kof 
uf8 df5f ynf afh, n]v n]v 8fFˆof .

Xo"F˜˜ r"nLsf] k':xf]{M -;f]{_ 8fFˆof, r"rfn] lhnfpgf] 
SjL8L h'g nfUGof dfof, Xo"F˜˜ h'g lanfpgf] . 

pª\s'Zofdf xftL a:of], kfp6L a:of] afh
dfG7 a:of] dHof{bfdf, rNof] /fhsfh .

gu/\ :xfFM -;fF_ Onf gu/\ dfOnf, sf}jfb]z\ uf]nfFbf] 
c:xf}M -;f}_ hL afhsf h'g, d"g\ d]/f] 8f]nfFbf] .

:x"M -;"_ Ho{km"n\ km'n]sf] ;'Gbf cfOuofF :x'M -;'_ g]/
k/]jfnfO{ 8fsL NofofF, dfofhfn\ a'g]/ . 

cfh\ d]/f] 3/}lt sfd", EjLF˜˜ ;flt n8\lshf
v/f] :x"FM -;"F_/fO{ nfUofsf] 5, k/]jf 3'8\lshf .

ls pl8hfpmF ls a'8L hfpFm, sn]hL lr/L hfpFm
nfu\ :xfM -;f_t v"Fl8sf DjL˜˜gf <, pGGoq l5l/hfpFm .

b'Nn'b\o}˜˜ b]lvgf] kfl/, b}n]vsf] u8L
lxdfnL 8fFˆofFsf h'g, s'Ns DjL˜˜gfr8L <

cfF;Ln] sf6\ofsf] Xj}˜˜ g, afpnLn] n"5\ofsf]
PQf;'Dd /fgLr8L, Sof vfof] :x'M-;'_ Rofsf] < 

/fgL r8L kf:xfM -;f_ k8L, kmn\ vfg u}˜˜5/
ta} t ef8'NnL nfUof], e]6\ x'Gof /}˜˜5/ . 

ltt/L p8]/ afOuf], bfp/f sf6\of˜˜ a"g 
9'Ëf] k'lg knfO{ hfG5, w'GGo ;fOsf d"g <

df]/\ -do"/_ df/L ltt/L df/L, tL åL˜˜ df/L ‰f]n
;'gsf lkFh8faf6, nfn\r"Fb/L < af]n .

t]/} cfF;L t]/} a/f], t]/} ufO{sf 3fF;
sfF˜˜ p8\5} Sof rf/f] vfG5}, cfsfz\ p8\Gof xfF; <

c:xf}M -;f}_h uofsf xfF;, kmsL{ cfof h]7 
s'NnLsf] efu\ df/L vfGof, l;Dn} /o}˜˜ d]6 <

:xM -;_ /f]j/ hfGof x} ls < /f/f p8\Gof xfF; 
e'Gg–af]Ng hfGb}g} ls <, xF Sof abdfz <

a"8f] aNn dGGof 5}g, hf afOhf u8'n <
k]6 k;L v'§f tfgL, hl;5} n8'n <

yfkflrgL wfg\ kfSofsf, h8fg\ n'Fl8ofsf
sf] vfnf sfusf] df;', hf] 5g\, ‰"l/ofsf .

afafsf] bfl8Dof aNn, 3fF;\ vfg}g df}jf 
dfofnfO{ e]6]/ cfOhf, p8\Gof sflnsf}jf <

Gof˜˜ P;} 5 ToxfF˜˜ t];}5, ufpF3/ s;f] 5 <
af]lnhf d"gsf ;'jf <, ;'v\–b'v s;f] 5 <

xNsf 7"nf s0ff{nLsf, e]n\ 7"nfsf e]/Lsf 
s}˜˜n] s'8f :x'M -;'_ GGof gfOF, /fO;'jf d]/Lsf . 

3f;\ knfO{ xl/of] h'Ën\, km"n km'Nofs} 5g\ 
r}tsf rfv'8f h'g, d"g 8'Nofs} 5g\ .

:xM -;_ NNoflg rfv'8f] v]Nnf], Ko"7fgLsf a"g 
/f]P/ /fh\ kfOGof xf] Sof, g/f] guL{ d"g <

pFb} vf]nL pa} vf]nL, aufof] :ofpnL
ls t ?G5 d]/f] d"g, ls ?G5 Gofcf]nL .

e]8f /fDbf s's'/\ e'Qmf, TofF˜˜ kfl/sf a"g
a"gsf Gofcf]nL h'g, g/f] kfkL d"g < 

rLnn] s's'8f˜˜ rNnf], Nx}M -n}_ uof] Nx}M -n}_ uof] 
Tj}˜˜ n] bLln;\ DjL˜˜ n] vfONofF, e} uof] e} uof] .

/fd\–n;\d0f\ lzsf/ uof, k'Grj6L a"g
3'8\sL b] d'?NnL r8f <, g¥jfOb] of] d"g .

h'Dnf p8\Gof ;'g\6fNgfsf, l5/Lla¥of kf]s 
cfdf d]/L r"nf 5}gg\, lsg nfU5} ef]s < 

dfn hfGof ;'g\6fNgfsf, e"?e'¥of s]z 
d'GgfdL pHofnf] uGGof, sf] xf]nf o}˜˜ b]z .

c:dfgL k6'sf x}˜˜ ls <, hgfgf wf]tL x}˜˜ <
af:g]df kx/L x}˜˜ ls <, km'n\ kf8\Gof kf]yL x}˜˜ <

a"gsf] a/fof x}˜˜ ls <, s's'8L efNof x}˜˜ <
k'/fg' /}yfgL x} ls <, gf}nf] 5 ;fNof x} ˜˜ <

df]˜˜/\ df/L ltt/L df/L, tLF åL˜˜ df/L ‰f]n 
;'gsf lkFh8faf6, nfn\r'Fb/L < af]n . 

kb\b]zLsf] af6f] nfd", d"h'/\sf] k'5\ nfd"
cefu\uLsf] cfo' nfd", /]nsf] lnu\ nfd" .

afu\ df¥of a/fof df¥of, ta df¥ofF e'Gg'
vf]nf}gfsf] sfNRof r8f], Tof] Sof df¥ofF e'Gg' . 

l:xM -l;_ kfOn] u'NofnL xfGof], sfNRof k8\of] vf]nf 
:xM -;_ a} nf]s\sf] enf] uGGof, o}˜˜ b]z sf] xf]nf <

:xM -;_ a"sf dfn'jf k8\8f, d]/f x'l66\ofpF
d"g\kfkL 3'Dbf] 5} lsg <, ;'jf a:of˜˜ 7fpF . 

kmkm{/\ u/L kms{g}5, dfn\Ro"/Lsf] kft
r"rf rf/f] afF8L vfpFnf, p7\ dfn'jf < ;ft . 

dfn\r8L t kf}8L v]N5g\, s0ff{nLsf tL/
afO/ afb} xfF:5'–v]N5', leTt jfb} kL/ .

dfn hfGof dfn\r8Lsf, e'?e'¥of s]z 
cfdf 5f]8\ofF afa' 5f]8\ofF, nfUofF k/b]z .

sf]:of8f Sj}˜˜¥ofnf] af:of], /f]n k8\of] lu/L
5"6\ eof] 5'l§b} afOUo"F, e]6\ eof] g lkm/L .

jL˜˜ d]/f n]vsf 8fFˆofF, jL˜˜ af;gfg\ r'Nn" 
a]nLsf] sa"n Sof xf] <, ab\dfz pNn" <

ls rfOFt ah]? kfOhfpg\, ls rfOFt wfg\ gx'g\ <
ls kfNt d]? gaf;'g\, ls d]/f sfg\ gx'g\ < 

atf;\ nfUbf atfl;Fbf], 8fF8fdfOsf] KjL˜˜o"F 
;}gsf] ebf}¥of /fFuf], b]jfgGb DjL˜˜x'F .

Xo\b t sfnfsf n]v, pFof/sf] 7f];f] 
Ps\ rNnf] NjLF7\ofsf] df/L, af/ wfGgL a;f] .

/flt afOGof /tg\r8L, lbg\ afOGof Eofs'8f 
dnfO{ lbof} b'/f jrg\, Xj}˜˜hfpFnf Ps'/f .

hf]Tof} dfTt} d}˜˜ nfPgf}, Plt nfdf u8f 
afOGof x}˜˜ls sNk a;L, tfn\sf df]tL r8f <

kfvfsf e"Fu]8fsg, tLg\ hf]8L g]n\ lyof 
s0ff{nLsf] dLg' efRofF, pNn{+bf e]n\ lyof .

leTt a"g ?ga"g, sfu\ vfgf] dn]jf
b} Xj}˜˜hfp tfnsL df5L, d" Xj}˜˜hfF hn]jf .

/L6\SjL/L af;g nfUof], bfª\sf] 3f8L aa}
afOuf] afFhf hf]jgo, d"g\sf] e'GGof ge} .

of] gfpTof gfp6f]6f] tfOtf], s0ff{nL–e]/LnfO{
r8f] ?G5 Ct'sLnfO{, d" ?G5' t]/LnfO{ .

cfsfzdf p8\Gof r8f], e"o}F t a;nf
gnfUof;\ cSsfsf e'gfO{, xfO{ s}˜˜n]w;nf .

sfFb}df aGb"s xfnL, sfF˜˜hfG5f} bgf{nL <
cfpFbf–hfFbf kfgL Ko"F˜˜nf, g;'So}˜˜ s0ff{nL . OToflb .

pko'{Qm nf]suLtx¿dWo] clGtd uLt la;f}gLsf ¿kdf dfq oxfF pNn]v ePsf] xf] . c¿ $( j6f uLt s0ff{nL c~rn / cf;kf;df ufOg] k/Dk/fut df}lns nf]suLt x'g\ . oL uLtn] oxfFsf lxdfn, kj{t, 8fF8fsfF8f, gbL, vf]nf, tnfp, bx, /x, gfpnf, s'nf, Ho"nf, v]t, kmfF6, af/L Pj+ ufpF3/df ;fgf–7"nf, ;'ne–b'n{e s]xL r/fnfO{ ;d]6]sf 5g\ . /fli6«o r/f 8fFkm], afh, 8km]gL, k/]jf, d}gf, /fgL r/L, ltqf], xfF;, kIfL/fh u?8, sfu -dfnsf}jf, ef]6] sf}jf_, ;'uf -/fO{;'uf, /}nL;'uf, /ËL;'uf_, Rofv'/f, GofpnL,, rLn, d'?NnL -d'/nL_, ;'g6fNg' -lg/z r/f]_, s'v'/f -dfp, kx/L, s'v''8f_, do"/, sfNRof -;fgf] r/f]_, dfn'jf, x'l6l6l§ofF, dfnr8L, sf]O¥ofnf], r'Nn', pNn', d]? -;'l/nf] unf] ePsf]_, k}o"F -;fgf] r/f]_, n'OF7\of -n'Or]_, /tgr/L -/flt af:g]_, Eofs'8f] -Eofs'/f]_, df]tL r/f -tfndf kfOg] r/f]_, eFu]/f, x'08'/L -aUg] kfgLdf v]Ng] r/f]_, dn]jf, hn]jf, d]?, /L6SjL/L -aaO{ gbLdf v]Ng] r/f]_, afpF6\of, /f] -¿vdf a:g] r/f]_, r'KkL -;fgf] r/f]_, nfnr'Fb/L, ln:6\of -eFu]/f]eGbf ;fgf] r/f]_ h:tf r/fx¿sf] nf]suLtx¿df k|of]u kfOG5 . s0ff{nLsf nf]ssyf, nf]suLt, nf]sf]lQmx¿df clws dfGotf kfPsf cGo r/fx¿df :ofnLdf, lrlRrofF, as'Nnf], h'/]nL, x'6\6fpSof, lkm:6f], sf]sn]_, lrAa] -sfu / rLnnfO{ j]un] xfg]/ ;tfpg] ;fgf] r/f]_, eb\b} -eb\bfof]– eb| vfn] ;fgf] r/f_ cflbsf] gfd cfpF5 . logLx¿sf af/]df /lrPsf nf]suLtx¿sf] klg ;+/If0f cfjZos 5 .