ljZn]if0f
rf}tkmL{ k|lts"ntfdf
dfcf]jfbL
b]zleq dfcf]jfbLnfO{ …cftÍsf/LÚ
eGg ldNg] lqmofsnfk a9\bf] dfqfdf x'Fb}5g\ eg] p;sf] /fhgLlts dfq
x}g ;fdl/s / ;}Go Ifdtf j[l4 x'g 5f]8]sf] 5 . hg;dy{gdf klg
tLa| x|f; cfO/x]sf] 5 . If]qLo / cGt/f{li6«o kl/l:ylt
klg p;sf nflu k|lts"n 5, / of] qmd c‰} hf/L /xg]5 .
o;}n] ubf{ dfcf]jfbLnfO{ jftf{sf] cfjZostf 68\sf/f] 5 .
•
bLks yfkf
gf/fo0f zfx
|
uPsf] dlxgf ljZjk|l;4
b'O{ 5fkfx¿n] dfcf]jfbLsf] hgo'4 / g]kfnsf] cj:yfsf af/]df
dxŒj lbP/ rrf{ u/] . b Go"of]s{ 6fOD;\ / b Osf]gf]ld:6
sf nfdf nfdf n]vsf lgisif{ ‰08} ‰08} Pp6} lyP–
dfcf]jfbL o'4sf] rfk a9\b}5 / g]kfn /fi6« To;nfO{ y]Ug g;Sg]
cj:yflt/ k'Ub}5 . ut ebf}df ePsf] /fhwfgL gfsfaGbLsf] ;dfrf/
;+;f/el/ g} km}lnPsf] lyof] . To;kl5 dfly plNnlvt gfd"b
b'O{ klqsfn] To:tf] lgisif{ lgsflnlbFbf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] otf
cfP/ w]/} g} k|rf/ kfPsf] 5 . pkTosf / cGo If]qdf nuftf/sf
gfsfaGbL / /fhdfu{x¿df k'¥ofOPsf] cj/f]wx¿n] klg
dfcf]jfbLsf] xft dfly kf/]sf] efg x'G5 . ;fv' k|x/L rf}sLdf
ePsf] ;kmn cfqmd0fn] t afXo ;+;f/nfO{ dfcf]jfbL 5fkfdf/ /fhwfgLdf
g} lqmofzLn x'g ;Ifd ePsf] ;Gb]z lbof] . oL ;a} 36gfqmd;Fu}
hf]l8Psf 5g\, s]xL xKtf otf a9]sf dfcf]jfbL / ;]gfaLrsf le8Gtx¿ .
cf–cfˆgf]] kIfsf] a9fOF u/]sf jQmJoafx]s 36gfsf] vf;
tYo g atfOP tfklg k|r08n] !^ ebf}df hf/L u/]sf] k|]; lj1lKt cg'?k,
…/0fgLlts k|Tofqmd0fÚ z'? ePs} xf] eGg] a'l‰G5 .
dfcf]jfbLx¿n] cfˆgf] o'4 …/0fgLlts
k|Tofqmd0fÚsf] txdf k'¥ofpg'sf] cy{ xf], o;cl3;Dd /xFb}
cfPsf] …/0fgLlts ;Gt'ngÚ sf] l:ylt kf/ ePsf] pgLx¿sf]
7x/ . gf} jif{ cufl8 z'? ePsf] ljb|f]x 5fkfdf/ b:tfx¿ agfpFb}
…/0fgLlts k|lt/IffÚ af6 …;Gt'ngÚ sf] l:ylt
x'Fb} oxfF;Dd cfOk'Ug'nfO{ dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf] pknlAw dfGg} k5{ .
clg a:t'l:yltnfO{ lgofn]/ x]bf{ pgLx¿sf egfO k'li6 ug]{ w]/}
tYox¿ klg e]l6G5g\ . zfxL ;]gf / k'ln; c‰} klg
;b/d'sfd / Jof/]sd} ;Lldt 5g\ . ;b/d'sfd aflx/ dfcf]jfbLs}
ks8 5 . rfx]sf] v08df lgzfgf ul/Psf] JolQmxTof / ljikmf]6 ug{
ufpFb]lv /fhwfgL;Dd pgLx¿ ;kmn 5g\ . /fhdfu{df /flvPsf
ljleGg vfn] w/fkx¿ x6fpg ;]gfnfO{ xDd]xDd] kl//x]sf] 5 .
t/ olt x'Fbfx'Fb} klg dfcf]jfbLsf] /fHo;Qf sAhfsf]
nIo eg] w]/} 6f9f 5 . ljb|f]xLn] h:tf] ;'s} bfjL u/]klg o'4sf]
km8\sf] pgLx¿lt/ hfg] l:ylt Go"g 5 . zfxL g]kfnL
;]gfn] ljb|f]xL kIfnfO{ x/fpg ;Sg] Ifdtf k|bz{g ug{ g;s]klg p;sf]
zlQm x|f; geP/ c‰ alnof] x'Fb} hfFb}5 . bfª xdnfkl5
x'lQFb} n8fOFdf xf]ldPsf] ;]gf clxn] ;+oldt lsl;dn] dfcf]jfbLsf]
;fdgf ul//x]sf] 5 . /, k/]sf] a]nfdf cfˆgf ck/]zgx¿
dfcf]jfbLsf] cfwf/ Onfsf elgPsf 7fpFx¿df klg rnfO/x]sf] 5 .
xf], ;]gfn] ToxfF c8\8f sfod ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g / o:tf ck/]zgx¿
w]/} kmnbfoL klg ePsf 5}gg\ . t/ a9\b} uO/x]sf] ;}lgs ;ª\Vofsfsf
cfwf/df ;}lgs cv8fx¿ klg a9\b} hfg] lglZrt 5 .
dfcf]jfbLn] cfˆgf] cfwf/ Onfsf ;'/lIft ug{ g;Sg'sf]
cy{ ltgsf] cfwf/ Onfsf g} gx'g' xf] . lsgeg] zf:qLo cy{df cfwf/
Onfsf x'g' eg]sf], o'4 ug{ b'Zdgsf] Onfsf k'u]/ kms{g ;Sg] / b'ZdgnfO{
cfˆgf] Onfsfdf l5g{ lbg g;Sg] Ifdtf xf] . 3fOt]x¿sf]
pkrf/b]lv :yfgLo k|zf;g cfˆgf] efjL ;Qfsf] gd"gfsf] ¿kdf
rnfpg ;Sg] OnfsfnfO{ cfwf/ Onfsf elgG5 .
clxn] rln/x]sf] …/0fgLlts k|Tofqmd0fÚ sf] r/0fdf dfcf]jfbL
kIfn] 5fkfdf/ of rnfodfg k|s[ltsf] eGbf df]rf{a4 n8fOF z'? ug{ ;Sg'kg]{
xf] . t/ dfcf]jfbLx¿ c‰} klg 5fkfdf/ o'4df x'g]
PDa'; / rnfodfg o'4d} ;Lldt 5g\ . otf cfP/ s}nfnLsf] kf08f}g
-% dª\l;/, @)^!_ df s]xL xb;Dd df]rf{a4 n8fOF rn]sf] lyof] .
t/ Tof] le8Gtdf cfˆgf] lzlj/ /Iff ug]{ eGbf klg cfˆgf
n8fs"x¿nfO{ eufpg] cj;/ l;h{gf ug{ zfxL ;]gf;Fu 6Ss/
lnPsf] h:tf] b]lvG5 .
x'g t …/0fgLlts k|Tofqmd0fÚsf] csf]{
cy{ gnfuf];\ eg]/ dfcf]jfbL g]tfx¿n] clxn]sf] kl/l:ylt hgo'4sf]
clGtd r/0f x'Fbfx'Fb} klg …n8fOFdfq o;sf] /0fgLltdf kb}{gÚ
eGg] u/]sf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbL klqsf hgfb]z nfO{ lbPsf] cGtjf{tf{df
k|r08 eG5g\, æhgo'4sf] ;du| k|lqmofdf /0fgLlts k|Tofqmd0fsf]
r/0fn] clGtd / lg0ff{os r/0fsf] k|ltlglwTj ub{5 t/ g]kfnsf] ljlzi6
;Gbe{df /0fgLlts k|Tofqmd0fnfO{ xfdLn] ljz'4 zf:qLo cy{df dfq kl/eflift
gu/]/ ljut ( jif{sf hgo'4sf] cg'ej / o; qmddf ljsl;t kf6L{sf ljrf/sf
cfwf/df ;[hgfTds 9Ën] JofVof u/]sf 5f}F . t;y{ /0fgLlts
k|Tofqmd0f Pp6} kmf}hL of]hgfdf dfq k"/f geP/ s}ofF} of]hgf
sfof{Gjogsf] k|lqmofaf6 u'h|g ;Qm5 .Æ To;}u/L w]/}n]
8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{ 7fg]sf sd/]8 …nfnWjhÚ hgfb]z
sf] cs}{ cÍdf eG5g\, æ/0fgLlts k|Tofqmd0f cGtu{t lglZrt
kmf}hL tyf u}/kmf}hL of]hgfx¿ kf/ u/]/ g} s]Gb|Lo ;Qf sAhf
ug{ ;Dej x'g]5 .Æ
oL b'O{ g]tfsf] egfOaf6 s] cg'dfg nufpg ;lsG5 eg]
bf];|f] o'4lj/fd eË ePkl5sf] ;}Go ;Gt'ngsf] l:yltn] dfcf]jfbLnfO{
gofF kl/l:yt ;[hgf ug{ afWo kf/]sf] xf] . Pdfn] ;/sf/df uPkl5
…k|ltudgÚ lj?4sf cfGbf]ng lzlyn ePsf]n] /fhgLlts tj/af6
dfcf]jfbLnfO{ kfos kg]{ lgsf;f k|fKt gx'g] lglZrtk|foM eO;s]sf]
lyof] . ;fdl/s zlQmsf] ¿kdf /fHosf] ;]gf c‰ lj:tfl/t
/ ;';lHht x'Fb} uO/x]sf] lyof] . ef/tn] klg z]/axfb'/ b]pjfsf]
lbNnL e|d0fsf] a]nf dfcf]jfbLsf Ph]08faf/] cfˆgf] ljk/Lt ;f]r
k|:6 kfl/;s]sf] lyof] . …ldqzlQmÚ dfGb} cfPsf]
g]skf -Pstf s]Gb|–d;fn_÷hgdf]rf{ g]kfnn] cfkm"
lj?4 cfGbf]ng z'? ul/;s]sf lyP . o:tf] l:yltdf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_
sf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] lj:tfl/t a}7s a;L …/0fgLlts k|Tofqmd0fÚ
sf] gLlt to ug'{ c:jfefljs lyPg .
dfcf]jfbLn] cfˆgf] ;}lgs zlQmsf] hlt;'s} avfg
u/]klg zfxL ;]gfnfO{ o'4 d}bfgdf e]6]/ k/f:t ug{ ;Sg] l:ylt 5}g .
ut jif{sf ef]hk'/ / a]gL cfqmd0fn] s]xL If0f xnrn NofP klg tL b'O{
7fpF xdnf ug{ dfcf]jfbL ;]gfn] cfˆgf] k'/} zlQm s]lGb|t ug'{
k/]sf] lyof] . o:tf] ubf{ub}{ klg s'g} klg lhNnf ;b/d'sfd xdnfkl5
cfˆgf] sAhfdf /fVg ;Sg] l:yltdf pgLx¿ 5}gg\ . o'4
;'?cftsf] ( jif{ laTg nfUbf klg p;n] 5fkfdf/ z}nLs} …lx6 P08
/gÚ gLltd} e/ kg'{ k/]sf] 5 . o:tf] l:yltdf c¿
sdhf]/L ;lxt cfˆgf n8fs"nfO{ …df]l6e]6Ú ul//fVg
lgs} cK7]/f] k/]sf] x'g'k5{ ljb|f]xL g]tfx¿nfO{ .
dfcf]jfbL hg;]gfsf] ;ª\Vof c¿ w]/} j[l4
x'g] ;Defjgf st} b]lvFb}g . pgLx¿n] cfˆgf] dftxtdf
cfO;s]sfx¿nfO{ ;}Go tflnd lbP/ tLg l8lehg :t/sf] ;]gf tof/
eO;s]sf] bfaL ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . dfcf]T;]t'ªn] tf]s]sf]
;+/rgf cg';f/ of] ;ª\Vof !%))) sf] xf/fxf/Ldf k'U5, h'g jiff}{Fb]lv
cg'dfg ul/Ps} ;ª\Vof;Fu ldNg hfG5 . o;sf] b'O{ lsl;dn]
cy{ nufpg ;lsG5, !_ ;/sf/L sf/afxLdf dfl/Psf clwsf+z dfcf]jfbLx¿
of] n8fs" b:tfeGbf aflx/sf x'G5g\, /Ù @_ dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf]
clwstd ;ª\Vof k"0f{ eO;s]sf] 5 . x'g t dfcf]jfbL
eg]/ lrlgg] JolQmx¿ of]eGbf cjZo w]/} 5g\, ufh;sf kbflwsf/L,
ldlnl;of cflb . / s]xL xb;Dd k/]sf] v08df o; hTyfaf6 klg ;]gf
tof/ ug{ ;lsG5 . t/ o'4nfO{ r/d;Ldfdf k'¥ofpg / ;fFlRrs}
/0fgLlts k|Tofqmd0f ug{ dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf] ;ª\Vof klg cTolws
x'Fb} hfg'k5{ . t/ o:tf] ;ª\Vof j[l4sf] nflu rflxg] clwsf+z
o'jfx¿ ca kxf8L lhNnfx¿af6 knfog eO;s]sf 5g\ .
oxL sf/0f ut Ps jif{b]lv :s"n] s]6fs]6L / lzIfsx¿nfO{
nu]/ /fhgLlts k|lzIf0f lbg] sfd ePsf] b]lvG5 . dfcf]jfbLsf]
of] gLlt sxfF;Dd ;kmn ePsf] 5, yfxf x'g;s]sf] 5}g t/ o:tf] ul/Ps}
sf/0f aRrfx¿ ;d]t d'Unfg k:g yfn]sf 5g\ . ;fy} dfcf]jfbL
g]tfx¿n] hlt;'s} gsf/] klg ltgsf] ;]gfdf afnsx¿ k|of]u
ePsf] s'/f s;}af6 n's]sf] 5}g . / o;f] ug'{ Psftkm{ cGt/f{li6«o
dfgjLo sfg"gsf] lvnfkmdf hfg' xf] eg] csf]{lt/ cfkm";Fu
jo:s n8fs" gePsf] k|df0f k]z ug'{ xf] . o;sf] 7Ls ljk/Lt
5, zfxL g]kfnL ;]gf, ;z:q k|x/L / hgkb k|x/Lsf] l:ylt . dfcf]jfbLn]
…e/f}6]Ú, …zfxL cd]l/sL ;]gfÚ eg] klg
ToxfF egf{ v'Ng]lalQs} 3'FOrf] nfU5, l/s'6] x'g] cfz af]s]/ .
t;y{ dfcf]jfbLnfO{ uf]nLu6\7f dfq xf]Og, n8fs"s} cfjZostf eO/x]sf]
a]nf g]kfnsf] /fHo ;+/rgf tyf k|efjzfnL ljb]zL /fi6«sf] ;xof]udf
;/sf/L ;'/Iffansf] ;ª\VofTds / u'0ffTds j[l4 eg] lglZrt 5 .
s'g} klg 5fkfdf/ kmf}hsf] zlQmsf] >f]t hgtf x'G5 .
b'Zdgaf6 arfpg]b]lv lnP/ vfg]–a:g] Joj:yf hgtfn] g} cfkm"v'zL
u/]kl5 dfq n8fs"x¿nfO{ rog ldN5 . t/ sfo{stf{ /
n8fs"sf Jojxf/n] ubf{ dfcf]jfbLdf gnfu]sfx¿ ljb|f]xL
kIf;Fu w]/} lrl9Psf 5g\ eGg] s'/f :ki6 5 . clg ljkGgtfsf sf/0fn]
lj:yflkt x'g g;s]sf dfc]fjfbL k|efljt If]qsf hgtf qf;sf] hLjg latfO/x]sf
5g\ . b'j} ;z:q ;d"xx¿af6 8/ ePsf]n] ltgsf] hLjg
c‰} c;Xo ePsf] 5, t/ /fHosf] ;]gfnfO{ hgtfsf] e/df afFRg'kb}{g
/ Tof] xb;Dd o;nfO{ /fxt g} dfGg'k5{ . t/ dfcf]jfbLnfO{ cjZo
k5{ .
ufpF3/sf hgtfaf6 ck]lIft ;xof]u gkfPkl5 cfqmfds x'g'
:jfefljs g} xf], t/ o;f] x'Fbf cfˆgf] nIo c‰ 6fl9Fb}
hfG5 eGg] la8Djgf dfcf]jfbLsf] s]Gb|Lo / If]qLo g]t[Tjn] a'‰]sf]
x'g'k5{ . b'Nn'sf] ljb|f]x zfob ljz]if ;fdflhs kl/l:yltn] ubf{
cGteGbf klxn] b]vfk/]sf] x'g ;S5, t/ dfcf]jfbLn] cfˆgf gLlt
/ lqmofsnfkdfkm{t\ To:tf] ljb|f]xsf] aLh g]kfnsf] w]/} e"efudf
clxn];Dd 5l/;s]sf 5g\ . ljutdf k|x/L–k|zf;gsf] HofbtLn]
ubf{ g} dfcf]jfbLnfO{ cfh oltsf] ;kmntf ldn]sf] xf], t/ dfcf]jfbLn]
clxn] cfP/ To:t} HofbtL bf]xf]¥ofP/ hgtfnfO{ ?i6 t'NofO/x]sf
5g\ . b'Nn'sf hgtf h:t} hfUg] cfF6 ug{ g;s] klg dfcf]jfbL ljb|f]xsf]
cGTo of zflGtsf] sfdgf ug]{x¿sf] ;ª\Vof otf cfP/ /ˆtf/df
al9/fv]sf] 5 .
ef/t / ;'?Ë
;g\ !((( df cd]l/sL kqsf/ nL cf]g]:6f]nfO{ lbPsf] cGtjf{tf{df k|r08n]
æclGtd n8fOF ef/t;Fu} x'G5Æ eGg] lhls/ u/]sf lyP .
s]xL jif{sf] df}gtfkZrft\ clxn] cfP/ km]l/ ef/tk|lt pQ]hs jQmJo
b]lvg yfn]sf 5g\ dfcf]jfbL kIfaf6 . s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] a}7sn]
t Ps nfvsf] hgldlnl;of tof/ u/L …;'?ª o'4Úsf]
k|lzIf0f lbg] eGg] lg0f{o ;d]t u/]sf] 5 .
clxn] ef/t;Fu dfcf]jfbL l/;fpg' :jfefljs g} xf] .
Ps t ;Í6sfn z'? ePb]lv g} ef/tn] g]kfnL ;]gfnfO{ xltof/sf]
cf]O/f] nufOlbPsf] 5 . s]xL ;docl3;Dd ef/tdf /fd|} lxF88'n
ug{ ;s]sf dfcf]jfbL g]tfx¿ e6fe6 lu/ˆtf/ x'g yfn]kl5
csf]{ ;d:of ylkof] . clxn] dfcf]jfbL g]tfx¿sf] ;+o'Qm
/fi6«;+3sf] dWo:ytfsf] cfXjfgnfO{ ;fsf/ x'g glbg ef/t k|d'v
afwssf] ¿kdf v8f ePsf] 5 . To;}n], dfcf]jfbLsf] egfOdf
clxn] æzflGtk"0f{ jftf{dfkm{t\ cu|ufdL /fhgLlts lgsf;sf]
k|d'v afXo afwssf ¿kdf …ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbÚ g}
v8f ePsf] 5 .Æ clg cfpg]jfnf afXo x:tIf]ksf] k|ltsf/
ug{ leotgfd n8fOFdf cd]l/sf lj?4 rnfOPsf] h:t} ef/t lj?4 …;'?ª
o'4Ú sf] tof/Ldf nfUg …/fi6«jfbL g]kfnLÚx¿nfO{
cfXjfg u/]sf] 5 ljb|f]xL g]t[Tjn] . cyf{t\ gf} jif{;Dd
cfGtl/s o'4n] lk/f]lnPsf g]kfnLnfO{ ca c‰} nfdf] cGt/f{li6«o
o'4df xf]Dg] tof/Ldf tNnLg 5g\ dfcf]jfbLx¿ .
t/ leotgfd / g]kfnaLr w]/} cGt/ 5 . klxnf],
z'?df cf}klgj]lzs /fi6«af6 d'lQm vf]Hg] :jtGqtfsf] n8fOF lyof]
leotgfd o'4 . To;dfly ;f]leot ;+3 / rLgsf] e/k'/ ;xof]usf afah"b
tL; jif{ nfUof] Tof] o'4 6'lËg . ha cd]l/sf blIf0f leotgfdnfO{
;xof]u ug{ vf]h]/ blIf0fk"jL{ Pl;ofsf] bnbndf km:of], Tolta]nf
pQ/ leotgfd k"/} sDo'lgi6x¿sf] sAhfdf uO;s]sf] lyof] .
log} sf/0fn] klg ;g\ &) sf] bzs / cfhsf] g]kfnnfO{ leotgfd;Fu
bfFh]/ ;'?ªo'4sf] cleofg z'? ug'{ lg/y{s b]lvG5 . leotgfd
/ g]kfnaLrsf] d'Vo cGt/ rflxF, g]kfnsf] e" /fhgLlts cjl:ylt
xf] . ef/t g]kfnsf] nflu ;a}eGbf 7"nf] /f]huf/bftf xf] .
c‰ o'4n] ubf{ g]kfnLx¿ 7"n} ;ª\Vofdf ef/t
k;]sf 5g\ . of] hl6ntfsf] ;fd' …:jfledfgLÚ g]kfnLx¿
s;/L ef/t lj?4 …/fi6«jfbLÚ eP/ hfUg] <
clg ltgnfO{ xftxltof/ rflxF stfaf6 cfpg] < dfcf]jfbL lgs6
w]/} ;d"xx¿ 5g\ ef/tdf / z'?sf lbgx¿df k|lzIf0fsf]
¿kdf ltgn] s]xL ;xof]u klg kfPsf lyP . t/ ljzfn ef/tLo
;]gfsf] k|ltsf/ ug{ ;Sg] ;xof]u g]kfnsf dfcf]jfbLnfO{ st}af6 klg
cfpg]jfnf 5}g . cfkm";Fu s]xL gePsf ef/tsf dfcf]jfbLx¿n]
af]nLsf] sjr afx]s g]kfnL dfcf]jfbLnfO{ s] ;xfotf lbg] <
cGt/f{li6«o kl/l:ylt cGttM cfˆgf] cg''s"n
x'g] 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{sf] ljZn]if0f 5 . pgsf cg';f/,
æcGt/f{li6«o kl/l:ylt ;txaf6 k|lts"n b]lvP klg
cGTodf Tof] klg ablng] qmddf 5 / eljiodf cg's"n aGb} hfg] kof{Kt
cfwf/ b]Vg ;lsG5 . vf;u/L ljZj:t/df cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb lj?4
p7\b} u/]sf] k|lt/f]wsf] nx/ / If]qLo:t/df ef/tLo lj:tf/jfb lj?4
ToxL leq}af6 rs{Fb} uPsf] qmflGtsf/L / /fli6«o d'lQm cfGbf]ngsf]
nx/n] cGt/f{li6«o l:yltdf pNn]Vo kl/jt{g cfpg] ;xh cg'dfg
ug{ ;lsG5 .Æ xf], cGt/f{li6«o kl/k|]Iodf cd]l/sfsf
y'k|} gLlt / vf;u/L O/fsdf ePsf] x:tIf]ksf] 3f]/ lj/f]w eO/x]sf]
5 . t/ Tof] lj/f]w dfcf]jfbLn] rnfPsf] hgo'4sf] kIfdf pleg
hfG5 eG7fGg' ;xL x'g]5}g . ef/tLo / cd]l/sL gLltx¿sf]
hlts} cfnf]rgf u/] klg gk'u x'g;S5 t/ e§/fO{n] eg]h:tf] g]kfnsf]
dfcf]jfbLsf] kIfdf To;n] ljZjJofkL hgdt l;h{gf u5{ eGg] rflxF lbjf:jKg
dfq xf] .
cGt/f{li6«o kl/l:yltsf] dfcf]jfbL ljZn]if0f
slt ;txL /x]5 eGg] s'/f k6sk6s b]lv;lsPsf] 5 . gq eg], ;g\
@))! df Go"of]s{sf] xdnfkl5 …cftÍsf/LÚ
sf] vf]hdf ax'nf s's'/ h:tf] ef}Ftfl//x]sf] cd]l/sfnfO{ r'gf}tL
lbg sf7df8f}Fsf] cd]l/sL s"6gLlts lgof]udf sfo{/t sd{rf/Lsf]
xTof ug'{ slt;Dd ljj]sk"0f{ lg0f{o lyof] < To;s} kl/0ffd
:j?k, cd]l/sL ljb]zdGqL sf]lng kfj]n g]kfn e|d0fdf cfP/ g]kfnL ;]gfnfO{
;xof]usf] afrf u/]/ uP .
ef/t;Fu ;DalGwt b[li6sf]0f klg plQs} cb"/bzL{
/ ckl/kSj b]lvG5 . blIf0f Pl;ofsf dfcf]jfbL kf6L{x¿sf]
;Ë7g …sf]cl8{g]zg sld6L ckm dfcf]Oi6 kf6L{h\ ckm ;fpy
Pl;ofÚ -sDkf];f_ v8f u/]/ g]kfnb]lv laxf/, ‰f/v08,
dWok|b]z, 5QL;u9 x'Fb} cfGw|k|b]z;Dd …sDKofS6 /]e'n';g/L hf]gÚ
lgdf{0f ug]{ sfddf ;l/s eP/ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] cfˆg} v'§fdf
a~r/f] xfg]sf 5g\ . kfFr jif{eGbf a9L ef/tdf :jtGq lxF88'n
ug{ kfPsf g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf g]tfx¿nfO{ clxn] ToxfF n'Sg klg
wf}–wf} kg{ yfn]sf] 5 . ef/tnfO{ luHofpFbf luHofpFb}
cfh pgLx¿ ef/tlj?4 vf]qmf s8f zAb dfq k|xf/ ug{ ;Sg] l:yltdf
k'u]sf 5g\ .
…cftÍsf/LÚ zAbn] ubf{ dfcf]jfbLx¿
eljiodf c‰} yk cK7\of/f]df kg]{ l:ylt cfpg ;S5 . ;+o'Qm
/fi6«;+3sf dxf;lrj sf]kmL cGgfgn] u7g u/]sf] …;+o'Qm
/fi6«;+3 ;'wf/ ;'‰fj pRr:t/Lo cfof]uÚ df c¿
ljifodf geP klg …cftÍjfbÚ sf] JofVofdf ;xdlt
b]vf k/]sf] 5 . ko{j]Ifsx¿sf] egfOdf c¿ ;'wf/x¿
kl5 x'Fb} uP klg cd]l/sfsf] rf;f]sf sf/0f …cftÍjfbÚ
sf] kl/efiff / To;sf] lgoGq0f ;DaGwL k|:tfj l56} kfl/t x'g;Sg] ;Defjgf
alnof] b]lvPsf] 5 .
pQm cfof]un] k|:tfj u/]sf] kl/efiffsf] d:of}bf cg';f/
æs'g} klg ;/sf/ jf cGt/f{li6«o ;+3;+:yfnfO{ s'g} sbd
p7fpg jf gp7fpg afWo kfg]{ jf hgtfnfO{ t;f{pg] p2]Zon] cfd hgtf
jf lgz:q JolQmx¿sf] Hofg lng] jf uDeL/ zf/Ll/s rf]6 k'¥ofpg]
lqmofsnfk cftÍjfb xf] .Æ ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf]
dxflwj]zgn] of] JofVofnfO{ cg'df]bg u/]df g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ cGt/f{li6«o
¿kdf g} :jtM …cftÍsf/LÚ ;flat x'g;S5 .
To;kl5 Psflt/ dfcf]jfbLnfO{ …cftÍsf/LÚ eGg lxlRsrfpg]
;d"xx¿sf] nflu klg 9f]sf v'Ng]5 eg] k|r08n] cfhsn ;+o'Qm
/fi6«;+3nfO{ u/]sf] h:tf] dWo:ytfsf] cfXjfgsf] cf}lrTo klg
afFsL /xg] 5}g . a? pN6} cfof]uåf/f k|:tfljt …cftÍjfblj?4sf]
sfo{sf/L lgb]{zgfnoÚ g]kfnsf dfcf]jfbLlj?4 ;xof]u h'6fpg
afWo x'g]5 . oyfy{df dfcf]jfbLnfO{ cGt/f{li6«o kl/l:ylt
c‰ k|lts"n x'Fb} hfg] alnof] ;Defjgf 5 .
k6s–k6s jftf{sf] cfXjfg ug'{df dfcf]jfbLn]
l5§} cjt/0f vf]Hg rfx]sf] hfx]/ x'G5 . /fhwfgL gfsfaGbL
h:tf 36gfsf] k|rf/n] k|r08sf] cGt/f{li6«o dWo:ytfsf] cfXjfgnfO{
alnof] agfpg ;S5 . t/ Psflt/ o;f] x'g] ;Í]t cfPsf] 5}g
eg] csf]{lt/ …jftf{df cfpÚ eGg] ;/sf/sf] lgDtfnfO{
cj1f u/]/ dfcf]jfbLn] cfˆg} l:ylt sdhf]/ agfpFb} uO/x]sf] 5 .
b'j} k6s dfcf]jfbLn] g} PstkmL{ o'4lj/fd eË u/]sf] x'Fbfx'Fb}
klg ;/sf/n] p;nfO{ jftf{df af]nfpg' ;/sf/sf] kIfaf6 pbf/ sbd dfGg'k5{ .
b]zleq dfcf]jfbLnfO{ …cftÍsf/LÚ
eGg ldNg] lqmofsnfkx¿ kof{Kt ¿kdf a9\bf 5g\ eg] dfcf]jfbL
kIfsf] /fhgLlts dfq x}g ;fdl/s Ifdtf / ;}Go ansf] j[l4 klg x'g 5f]8]sf]
5 . ptf, hg;dy{gdf klg x|f; cfO/x]sf] cj:yf 5 . blIf0f
Pl;of / cGt/f{li6«o kl/l:ylt klg dfcf]jfbLsf nflu k|lts"n
5, / of] qmd c‰} hf/L /xg]5 . of] dfcf]jfbL cfkm"n]
sdfPsf] zlQm / ;fv u'Dg] cj:yf xf] . oxL kl/l:yltn] ubf{ dfcf]jfbLnfO{
jftf{sf] cfjZostf 68\sf/f] 5 . t/ gful/s ;dfhsf w]/}h;f] ‰'08n]
jftf{sf] nflu ;/sf/dfly bafa lbO/x]sf 5g\ hals, jftf{sf] kxn x'g'kg]{
Tof] kIfaf6 xf] h;sf] zlQm x|f; x'Fb}5 .
cfh;Dd dfcf]jfbLx¿ ;xh ¿kn] jftf{df
cfpg ;Sg] cj:yf 5, lsgeg] w]/}sf] cg'dfg ljk/Lt cfh klg dfcf]jfbL
kf6L{ 6'lqmPsf] 5}g . /, p;sf] zlQms]Gb| ;Gt'lnt g} b]lvG5 .
o:tf] cj:yfdf jftf{df cfpFbf cfkm";Fu /x]sf] zlQm;~ro x'g]
;Defjgf a9\b5 . dfcf]jfbL jQmJox¿sf] ljZn]if0f / kl/l:yltsf]
uDeL/ d"NofÍg ug]{ xf] eg] cfh jftf{df cfpg] pgLx¿sf]
rfxgf jf:tljs x'g;S5 . t;y{ ;/sf/n] jftf{sf] 9f]sf ;fj{hlgs
¿kdf dfq geO{ uf]Ko ¿kdf klg v'nf ug'{ plrt b]lvG5,
h;af6 hgtfn] rfx]sf] zflGtsf] ;Defjgfsf] /fd|/L d"NofÍg
x'g;S5 .
kf6L{ sdhf]/ ePkl5 gf/f rsf{
/fhwfgL gfsfaGbL olt a]nf g]t[TjaLrsf] åGånfO{
cGoq df]8\g] / sfo{stf{nfO{ 9f8; lbg] rfn l;jfo s]xL xf]Og .
•
ch'{g 1jfnL
;z:q o'4nfO{ dfWod agfP/ cl3 a9]sf] /fhgLlts zlQm
hlt cfGtl/s åGådf km:5 p;n] Tolt g} ;ª\3if{÷cfqmd0fsf
rsf{ gf/f / sfo{qmdx¿ cl3;f5{ . cfGtl/s åGådf
kmF;]sf] ;z:q ;d"x jf bn cfj/0fdf hlt;'s} zlQmzfnL b]lvP klg
d"ntM Tof] cToGt sdhf]/ x'G5 . k]?df cfGtl/s snx ;fDo
ug{ / cfˆgf] u'6nfO{ alnof] kfg{ uf]~hfnf]n] k|Tofqmd0f o'4df
uO{ /fhwfgL lndf sAhf ug]{ 3f]if0ff ubf{ l;Ëf] …;fOlgªkyÚ
ljeflht aGg k'Uof] . /, cflv/ ;dfKt g} eof] .
ljut ( jif{b]lv g]kfnL ;dfhdf k|efjzfnL b]lvPsf] /
Psjif{b]lv /0fgLlts k|Tofqmd0fsf] r/0fdf k|j]z u/]sf] bfaL ug]{
g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] /fhwfgL jl/kl/ af/Daf/ aGb 3f]if0ff ug'{n] Tof]
kf6L{sf] g]t[Tj txdf ‰flËb} uPsf] cfGtl/s åGå
/ To;df Psn] csf]{nfO{ sdhf]/ of ;dfKt kfg]{ v]n r/df]Tsif{df k'u]sf]
;Í]t u5{ . o:tf] a]nfdf xfO{sdf08n] /fhwfgL gfsfaGbL
h:tf] rsf]{ xf}jf lk6fP/ kf6L{leqsf] snx ;fDo kfg{ vf]Hg' c:jfefljs
xf]Og . t;y{ dfcf]jfbLx¿n] /fhwfgL g} ljho ug{ ;S5g\
eGg] xNnfdf s'g} bd 5}g .
dfcf]jfbL kf6L{leq rs]{sf] ljjfbs} sf/0f s]Gb|Lo
;ldltsf] kl5Nnf] a}7sn] kf6L{ /0fgLlts k|Tofqmd0f ug'{kg]{ cj:yfdf
k'u]sf] lgrf]8sf ;fy k|Tofqmd0f of]hgfnfO{ ljleGg r/0fdf cl3 a9fpg]
lg0f{o u/]sf] lyof] . ;f] a}7skl5 Psflt/ kf6L{sf k|efjzfnL
g]tf 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{ / /fdaxfb'/ yfkf …afbnÚnfO{
s]Gb|Lo lhDd]jf/Laf6 If]qLo :t/df ;Lldt ul/Psf] 5 /, slyt k|Tofqmd0fsf]
gfpFdf /fhwfgL gfsfaGbLnufotsf lqmofsnfkx¿ cl3 a9fOPsf] 5 .
s]xL ;docl3 tTsfnLg ‰fkf–Onfd lhNnf ;lrj
rt'/dfg /fhj+zL / csf{ k|efjzfnL g]tf …k|eftÚ aLrsf]
åGå / /fhj+zLsf] xTofdf Psn] csf{sf] ;'/fsL u/]sf] cf/f]kaf/]
dfcf]jfbL kf6L{n] pRr txdf u/]sf] elgPsf] 5fglagsf] lgisif{ aflx/
cfPsf] 5}g . To:t} l;Gw'nLsf z]/dfg s'Fj/nufot tLghgf g]tfsf]
xTof kf6L{ leq}af6 ePsf] x'g;Sg] cfzÍf 8f= e§/fO{n]
hgfb]z ;fKtflxs sf] OG6/g]6 ;+:s/0fdfkm{t\ aflx/ NofPsf 5g\ .
pu|jfdkGyL o'4sf 1ftfx¿sf cg';f/ o;k|sf/sf] åGån]
:jo+ pgLx¿nfO{ t ;dfKt kfg]{ g} 5, afFsL o:tf] åGådf
km;]sf d'n's / ToxfFsf] jfdkGyL cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;d]t sdhf]/ / k"/}
Pp6f k':tfdf To;k|lt gsf/fTds k|efj 5f]8\b5 . sy+sbflrt kf6L{leq
zflGtk"0f{ cjt/0f ug]{ kIf cTolws eP klg cfGtl/s ;ª\3if{nfO{
o'4sf] ljeLlifsfaf6 xn ug{ vf]Hg] k|j[lQn] ubf{ Pp6f kIfaf6 lx+;f
/f]lsFb}g .
ef/tdf rf? dh'dbf/sf] d[To'kl5 kf6L{df cjt/0f ug]{
kIf alnof] eP/ ax'dt kIfn] zflGtk"0f{ /fhgLltdf efu lnP klg
csf]{ kIfn] xltof/ af]ls/x]sf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLn] sf7df8f}F 3]g]{
/0fgLlt cGtu{t gfsfaGbL, aGb / cfqmfds sf/afxL cl3 a9fPsf] 7fGg]x¿n]
pu|jfdkGyL kf6L{sf] g]t[Tjkª\lQmleq rs{g] zlQm;ª\3if{
slt tLa| x'G5 eg]/ a'´g' h?/L x'G5 . To;}n] slyt /fhwfgL
gfsfaGbL olt a]nf g]t[TjaLrsf] åGånfO{ cGoq df]8\g]
/ sfo{stf{nfO{ 9f8; lbg] rfn l;jfo s]xL xf]Og . s]xL ;docl3
k"j{ d;fnaf6 k|j]z u/]/ Ps}k6s kf]ln6Ao"/f]sf] lhDd]jf/L
kfPsf lbgfgfy zdf{, nvgpmaf6 lu/ˆtf/ dft[sf ofbj / ;'/]z cfn]du/
tyf l;lnu'8Ldf ;dfltPsf df]xg j}Bk|lt k|bz{g u/]sf] x]o Jojxf/n]
klg To; kf6L{ leq rsf]{ zlQm;ª\3if{ rn]sf] k'li6 x'G5 .
k|Tofqmd0f / jf:tljstf
k|lts"n aGb} uPsf] hg;dy{g, ljifd aGb} uPsf] e"/fhgLlts
kl/l:ylt, cfˆg} sf/0f k}bf ePsf] cfˆgf] ;a}eGbf glhssf]
/fhgLlts zlQm -d;fn_ sf] e08fkmf]/ cleofg / ;'Sb} uPsf] cfly{s
;|f]tsf cfwf/df ;xh} cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5, dfcf]jfbLsf] k|Tofqmd0fsf]
r/0f slt bogLo x'g]5 eg]/ . To;}n] clxn] g dfcf]jfbL k|Tofqmd0f
ug{ ;Sg] cj:yfdf 5, g t jftf{sf] ;Defjgf . t/ aGb, gfsfaGbL
/ x8\tfn u/]/ /fHonfO{ x}/fg kfg]{ gLltn] dfq slt lbg y]lug ;Snf
dfcf]jfbLsf] ;z:q qmflGt <
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