;dfrf/÷;+If]k

aËfn k'ln; x}/fg
<aËfn k'ln; x}/fg

:jo+ ef/tsf nflu klg ef}uf]lns Pj+ ;fdl/s b[li6n] dxŒjk"0f{ cy{ /fVg] k"jf]{Q/ If]qdf k6s k6s dfcf]jfbLx¿ ;dfltg yfn]kl5 ef/tLo ;'/Iff clwsf/Lx¿ ;zlÍt ePsf 5g\ . ;'/Iff clwsf/Lx¿sf egfOdf klg pQ/ k"jL{ ef/tsf] k|j]z laGb' tyf e'6fg, aËnfb]z / k"jL{ g]kfn;Fu v'Nnf l;dfgf hf]l8Psf] Tof] If]q cjfl~5t ultljlw w]/} x'g] 7fpFdWo] k5{ . s]PnPd, pNkmf / af]8f] h:tf cftÍsf/L ;Ë7gx¿sf] ljuljuL vlk/x]sf] aËfn ;/sf/sf nflu g]kfnL dfcf]jfbLx¿ klg ca 6fpsf]b'vfO x'g yfn]sf 5g\ . tLg jif{cl3 Pdfn] dxf;lrj dfwj g]kfnsf] l;lnu'8Ldf dfcf]jfbL g]tf k|r08;Fu e]6 ePkl5 of]
If]qdf dfcf]jfbL rnv]n x'g] u/]sf] tYo aflx/ cfPsf] xf] .

clxn] g]kfnL dfcf]jfbLsf] 3';k}7 /f]Sg ljz]if cleofg z'? ul/Psf] ef/tLo k|x/Lsf] bfaL 5 . pQ/ aËfn k|x/L dxflg/LIfs jfuLz ld>fsf egfOdf, æclxn] klg bfhL{lnª, ldl/s, gS;njf/L, l;lnu'8L, 8'j;{ cf;kf;sf If]qdf dfcf]jfbLsf] cfjthfjt tLa| 5 . Tof]eGbf klg a9L, dfcf]jfbLn] cfˆgf lj/fdL / 3fOt] g]tf, sfo{stf{nfO{ pkrf/sf lglDt l;lnu'8Lsf gl;{ª xf]dnfO{ g} ;'/lIft 7fGg] u/]sf 5g\ .Æ

ef/tdf k|ltalGwt dfcf]jfbL lgs6 ;Ë7g clvn ef/tLo g]kfnL Pstf ;dfhsf ultljlwdf cfFvf nufPkl5 pNn]Vo ;kmntf k|fKt ePsf] ef/tLo ;'/Iff clwsf/Lx¿sf] ljZn]if0f 5 . bfhL{lnª / hNkfOu'8Lsf lrof aufgsf ljkGg dhb'/ a:tLdf /fhgLlt ug{ lgdf{0f ul/Psf] ef/tLo g]kfnL /fli6«o hgtflGqs df]rf{;Fu dfcf]jfbLsf] /fhgLlts ;fdLKotf 5 eGg] yfxf kfPkl5 ;'/Iff clwsf/Lx¿ dfcf]jfbL ultljlwaf/] yk ljj/0fx¿ k|fKt ug{ ;kmn ePsf x'g\ .

o;}sf] kl/0ffd:j?k Ps jif{cl3 dfcf]jfbLsf kf]ln6Ao"/f] ;b:o df]xg j}B …ls/0fÚ ;dfltP . j}B;Fu} df]rf{sf ;b:o gf/fo0fljqmd k|wfg ;dfltPkl5 bfhL{lnª cf;kf;df dfcf]jfbLsf] cf>o:ynaf/] ef/tLo clwsf/Ln] ;"rgfx¿ kfpg yfn] . To;otf ef/tLo k|x/Ln] bfhL{lnª lhNnfaf6 dfq Psbh{g dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{ kqmfp ul/;s]sf] 5 . ToxfF kqmfp kg]{ pRr g]tf j}Bafx]s w]/}h;f] k"jL{ g]kfnsf ;LdfjtL{ lhNnfsf g]tf–sfo{stf{ 5g\ .

kl5Nnf] k6s % dª\l;/df ‰fkf, a'waf/]sf nlnts'df/ ;'Aaf / wfOhgsf kb\d sfnLsf]6] bfhL{lnª df]8df kqmfp k/] . pgLx¿n] cfkm" t]x|y'd / tfKn]h'ªsf dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{ ePsf] bfaL u/] klg ef/tLo k|x/Ln] pgLx¿ dfcf]jfbLnfO{ xltof/ laqmL ug]{ sfo{df ;lDdlnt ePsf] hgfPsf] 5 . Ps dlxgfcl3 ‰fkfs} b'jfu9Lsf dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{x¿ b]jLk|;fb cfrfo{ / k|jL0f ;'Aafsf] lu/ˆtf/Lkl5 ;'Aaf / sfnLsf]6] kqmfp k/]sf x'g\ .

cfFvfsf] pkrf/ ug{ uPsf Onfdsf lhNnf:t/sf dfcf]jfbL g]tf ofdaxfb'/ d'lvof s]xL ;docl3 cfˆgf tLg ;xof]uLsf ;fy ldl/sdf kqmfp k/]sf 5g\ . To;nuQ} Onfd, dfOkf]v/Lsf Ps dfcf]jfbL 5fkfdf/ kf6L{ leq ljb|f]x u/L /f]huf/Lsf nflu dn]lzof hfgnfUbf l;lnu'8Ldf ;dfltP . kqmfp k/]sf 8'a;{ If]qsf Ps ;xof]uLsf] 3/af6 dfcf]jfbLsf] PS;g :Sjfo8df /x]sL df]/ª, pnf{af/LsL /]vf /fO{nfO{ ;d]t ef/tLo k|x/Ln] ;dft]sf] 5 . ad lj:kmf]6df k/]/ pgsf] Pp6f xft sfl6Psf] 5 . /]vf ef/tLo g]kfnL Pstf ;dfhsf ;b:o dw's/ sfsL{sf] jL/kf8fl:yt 3/df cf>o lnO{ pkrf/ u/fpFb} lyOg\ .

• tLy{ l;Ub]n, l;lnu'8L

‰fkfdf ‰g\ lahf]u

ltxf/sf] cf;kf; otf ‰fkfdf dfcf]jfbLn] 7"nf] Iflt Jof]xf]l//x]sf 5g\ . @* sflQs lbpF;f] dfcf]jfbL ‰fkf, df]/ª, ;'g;/L ;}Go k|d'v lw/]h r]Dhf]ª …s'df/Ú k"jL{ df]/ªsf] sfg]kf]v/Ldf dfl/P . b'O{ lbgkl5 dfcf]jfbL ‰fkf ;]qm]6/L b]j]Gb| kf}8]n …lbg]zÚ -tl:a/_, # gDa/ Pl/of ;]qm]6/L s]zj l/hfn ‰fkfsf] 3}nf8'afdf dfl/P . & dª\l;/df cfP/ clvn qmflGtsf/L lhNnf cWoIf, /d]z ;'j]bL / pkfWoIf, lji0f' k|wfg, ‰fkfsf] uf}/fbxdf dfl/P . ;'j]bL / k|wfgnfO{ dfg{ ;'/fsL u/]sf] eg]/ ( dª\l;/df uf}/fbxsf sf7 Joj;foL s[i0f v8\sfnfO{ dfcf]jfbLn] xTof u/]sf 5g\ .

• uf]kfn u8\tf}nf, ‰fkf

cftÍM hËnL xfQLsf] klg 36]g

xfQL ?Ug agfOPsf] 6x/f] .

jiff}{Fb]lv hËnL xfQLsf] ljWj+; ;xFb} cfPsf ‰fkf, afx'g8fFuLsf afl;Gbfn] clxn]sf] wfgafnL klg ;'vn] p7fpg kfPgg\ . kfs]/ nxnx ‰'n]sf] wfgafnL hËnL xfQLsf] x'nn] vfP/ / s'Nr]/ gi6 ul/lbPkl5 pgLx¿ ;fFlRrs} ljklQdf k/]sf 5g\ .

ljz]ifu/L wfg / ds}sf] l;hgdf cfpg] x'nsf x'n hËnL xfQLn] k"jf]{Q/ ‰fkfsf cfwf bh{g Pj+ df]/ª, ;'g;/L / pbok'/ lhNnfsf ^# uflj;sf afl;GbfnfO{ ;tfpg] u/]sf] 5 . ;o j6f;Ddsf] ;ª\Vofdf cfpg] xfQLsf x'nn] e]6];Ddsf afnLgfnL, kmnkm"n vfP/ / s'Nr]/ gi6 ug]{, af6fdf kg]{ 3/, s6]/f] eTsfpg], dflg; / kz'x¿nfO{ dfg]{ u/]sf 5g\ .

xfQLsf] ljWj+; / wghgsf] Ifltsf af/]df ;DalGwt If]qsf lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, k|x/L, uflj; Pj+ gu/kflnsfx¿;Fu oy]i6 tYofÍ kfOFb}g . afx'g8fFuL uflj;n] /fv]sf] tYofÍsf] cfwf/df xfn;Dd ;f] uflj;df dfq hËnL xfQLn] !^ hgfsf] Hofg lnPsf / tLg ;oeGbf a9L 3/–s6]/f eTsfP/ gi6 ul/lbPsf 5g\ . uflj; ;lrj ;'bz{g a/fnsf egfOdf, ;f] uflj;df dfq} clxn];Dd ?=! s/f]8 eGbf a9Lsf] cfly{s Iflt ePsf] 5 . t/ kLl8tx¿n] s'g} Ifltk"lt{ kfPsf 5}gg\ . lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, ‰fkfsf k|zf;sLo clws[t ?b| v8\sf …xfQL lgoGq0f ug]{ Joj:yf u/L kfpFÚ eg] klg …/fxt kfpFÚ eg]/ s'g} lgj]bg gk/]sf] hjfkm lbG5g\ eg] :yfgLo afl;Gbfx¿ xfQL kLl8tnfO{ /fxt lbg] gLlt gePsf] eg]/ k|zf;gn] g} pgLx¿nfO{ lkmtf{ k7fpg] u/]sf] atfpF5g\ .

xfQL lgoGq0fsf nflu s]xL k|of; g} gePsf] eg] xf]Og . gj]{ ;/sf/sf] ;xfotfdf d]rL lsgf/sf xfQL k:g] uf}+8fdf !& j6f cUnf 6x/f agfOPsf 5g\, hxfF ;fF‰ k/]kl5 :yfgLo afl;Gbfx¿ kfn}kfnf] kx/f lbg], xfQL cfPsf] yfxf kfPkl5 k6fsf k8\sfpg], /fFsf] afNg], 6Lg 76fpg] / z+v km'Sg] u5{g\ . Toltdfq xf]Og cd]l/sg lk;sf]k{sf ef]n]lG6o/x¿sf] ;Nnfxdf uf+}8f–uf+}8fdf xfQLaf/ nufpg], df}/L kfNg] cflb sfd ePsf 5g\ .

t/, oL s'g} klg k|of; ;kmn x'g eg] ;s]sf 5}gg\ . xfQLn] b'Mv lbO/x]s} 5g\ . xfQL lgoGq0fsf nflu y'k|} bL3{sfnLg of]hgfx¿ ag] klg cfly{s cefjsf sf/0f ltgsf] sfof{Gjog ePsf] 5}g .

• uf]kfn sfˆn], ‰fkf

nf]Ug] g} qm"/ ePkl5

nf]Ug]n] nufOlbPsf] cfuf]af6 kf]lnPsL sNkgfn] gfgLnfO{ b"w r';fpg klg c¿sf] ;xf/f lng'k/]sf] 5 .

cg'xf/ x]bf{ olt pHofnL / xFl;nL sNkgfsf] aflx/L z/L/ / leqL dg b'j} hn]sf] 5 . ;dfhdf x'g] 3/]n' lx+;fsf] 8/nfUbf] 36gfnfO{ sNkgfsf] hn]sf] z/L/n] phfu/ ub{5 . ue{jtL cj:yfdf nf]Ug]n] dl§t]n vGofP/ cfuf] nufOlbPkl5 pgsf] pgsf] o:tf] xfnt ePsf] xf] . o;} a]nf ;Gtfg hlGdPsf] 5, t/ pgL cfdf ag]/ ;GtfgnfO{ b"w r';fpg klg kL8f dx;"; ul//x]sL 5g\ .

bfª, lqe'jggu/ ;]jf/ lgjf;L sNkgf lu/L @)^) c;f]hdf /f]Nkfsf] tfnfjfª uflj;, j8f g+= ( sf slj/fh v8\sf;Fu ljjfx aGwgdf afFlwPsL x'g\ . pgL ljjfx ePsf] Ps–b'O{ dlxgfb]lv g} ljb]z hfg %) xhf/ ?k}ofF dfOtaf6 lnP/ cfOh eg]/ nf]Ug]n] bafa lbg yfn]sf] atfpFl5g\ . sNkgfn] k};f gNofPkl5 pgn] @)^) kmfu'gdf >LdtLsf] lhpdf dl§t]n vGofP/ cfuf] ‰f]l;lbP . sNkgf xf/u'xf/ u/]/ cfuf] lgefpg t ;kmn eOg\ . t/ Tof] csNkgLo 36gf ePsf] gf} dlxgf lalt;Sbf klg pgsf] z/L/sf] 3fp lgsf] ePsf] 5}g . 3fpsf sf/0f hf8f]ofddf ;d]t sk8f nufpg c;lhnf] x'g]u/]sf] 5 . To;dfly ‰g\ ev{/} hlGdPsf] ;GtfgnfO{ b"w r';fpg ;d:of k/]sf] 5 . :tge/L cfuf]n] kf]n]sf sf/0f 3fpx¿ lr/flr/f k/]sf 5g\ . pkrf/ ug{] k};fsf] cefjdf pgL 56\k6fO/x]sL 5g\ .

Ps xKtf;Dd bfªsf] dx]Gb| c:ktfndf cf}iflw pkrf/ u/L kfNkf c:ktfn k'¥ofOPsL sNkgfsf] hn]sf] 3fp clxn];Dd klg 7Ls ePsf] 5}g . 3fp kfSb} uPkl5 ufpFn]x¿n] rGbf p7fP/ k'gM a'6jn c:ktfn k'¥ofP t/ klg ;d:of ;dfwfg ePg . @# sflQsdf 5f]/f] hlGdPkl5 5f]/fnfO{ ca s;/L arfpg] eGg] ;d:of ylkPsf] 5 . g pgL cfkm}F sk8f nufpg ;lS5g\ g 5f]/fnfO{ b"w r';fpg / ;'D;'Dofpg g} . pgL l5d]sLsf] ;xof]udf :tgkfg u/fP/ 5f]/fnfO{ arfO/x]sL 5g\ .

bfªsf] km"naf/L uflj;, j8f g++= ( l:yt lbbLsf] 3/df a:b} cfO/x]sL sNkgfnfO{ cfuf] nufP/ a]kQf ePsf >Ldfg sxfF uP eGg] yfxf 5}g . lhGbuLb]lv lg/fz !( jifL{of sNkgfn] kL8f kf]Vb} elgg\ æ;Gtfg hGd]kl5 3fp lgsf] kfg{sf] nflu c:ktfnn] Knfli6s ;h{/L ug{'k5{ eg]/ lkmtf{ k7fPsf] lyof], t/ d u/Lan] sxfF hDdf ug{ ;S5' / Toqf] k};f <Æ

• lj1fg zdf{, bfª

tLg jif{b]lv sˆo"{

z/b s]=;L=

sˆo"{ x6]sf] a]nf t'n;Lk'/ gkf .

…tf/f gb]v]sf] tLg jif{ eof]Ú bËfnLx¿ df‰ o:t} l6Kk0fL x'g]u5{ . * dª\l;/ @)%* df dfcf]jfbLn] ;b/d'sfd 3f]/fxLl:yt ;}lgs Jof/]sdf cfqmd0f u/]nuQ} bfªsf] ;b/d'sfd tyf cf;kf;sf If]qdf sˆo{" hf/L ul/Psf] lyof] . kl5 To;nfO{ cGoq klg lj:tf/ ul/of] . #( uflj; / b'O{ gu/kflnsf /x]sf] bfªsf #) uflj; / b'j} gkfdf ;fF‰b]lv laxfg;Dd sˆo"{ nfU5 .

k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L lzjk|;fb g]kfn sˆo"{n] dfcf]jfbLdfly dgf]j}1flgs bafa kf/]sf] atfpg'x'G5 . o;n] ;'/Iff Joj:yfnfO{ lgoGq0fdf /fVg ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] k|zf;gsf] bfaL 5, t/ tLgjif{sf] sˆo"{ cjlwleq} dfcf]jfbLn] y'k|} ultljlw u/]sf 5g\ . ndxL Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no / ;tjl/of ;z:q k|x/L SofDk oxL ;dodf xdnf u/L Wj:t kfl/Psf] xf] . t/, efn'jfªsf] dfcf]jfbL cfqmd0f eg] c;kmn ePsf] lyof] . sˆo"{sf] k|ToIf df/ oxfFsf ;~rf/sdL{n] klg ef]u]sf 5g\ . :ju{åf/L Pkm\Pd\ /]l8of]sf /flq;]jfsf ;~rf/sdL{x¿ /]l8of] :6]zgd} a:g afWo 5g\ eg] o'uaf]w b}lgsn] cfˆgf] sfof{nod} ;~rf/sdL{sf nflu ;'Tg] Joj:yf ldnfPsf] 5 .

• ljk'n kf]v|]n, bfª

;/sf/L hUuf x8Kg] csf]{ tl/sf

dsjfgk'/, dgx/L–# /dg6f/df ;'s'Daf;Ln] cltqmldt hUUffdf af9LkLl8t k|fylds ljBfno rnfpg] / gx/ vGg] t/v/ u/]sf 5g\ . jif{ lbgb]lv ;/sf/;Fu a;f]af; ug{ hUuf dflu/x]sf lhNnfsf] klZrdL If]qsf oL ;'s'Daf;Ln] ;/sf/s} sdhf]/Lsf] kmfObf p7fP/ ;fj{hlgs hUufdf ljsf;sf k"jf{wf/x¿ lgdf{0f ug{ nfu]sf x'g\ .

tLg;o afnaflnsf k9\g] :s"n rnfpg pgLx¿n] ljBfno lgdf{0f Pj+ Joj:yfkg ;ldlt u7g u/]sf 5g\ . ljBfnonufot ljleGg ljsf; ;+/rgf lgdf{0f u/]/ cfˆgf] :yfoL a;f]af; ;'lglZrt ug{' pgLx¿sf] leqL OR5f xf] . o;cl3 ;f]xL If]qsf Ps bh{g uflj;sf af9LkLl8tx¿sf] pkl:yltdf ul7t af9LkLl8t ;dGjo ;ldltn] To:tf ;+/rgf lgdf{0f ug{ z'? ul/;s]sf] lyof] . af9LkLl8t a;]sf If]qdf l;+rfO{, vfg]kfgL, zf}rfno cflb lgdf{0f ug{ kxn eO/x]sf] ;ldltsf cWoIf ;f]gfd>L nfdf atfpF5g\ .

af9LkLl8tx¿n] ;ldlts} cfXjfgdf uPsf] r}tdf dgx/L uflj;sf] ljhf}gf gbLn] psf;]sf] hldg / /dg6f/ If]q cltqmd0f u/]sf x'g\ . jgIf]q /x]sf] ;f] hUufaf6 x6\g lhNnf jg sfof{non] k6sk6s r]tfjgL lbP klg pgLx¿n] ljsNk lbg cfu|x u/]sf 5g\ . ;/sf/n] k'gjf{;;lxt cGo cfwf/e"t cfjZostf pknAw u/fpg'kg{]df yk b'Mv lbPsf] atfpFb} cfO/x]sf af9LkLl8tx¿ eG5g\, æ;/sf/n] cfˆgf] bfloTj k"/f ug{ ;Sb}g eg] x:tIf]k klg ug{'ePg .Æ

clxn] pgLx¿ sAhf u/]sf] hldgd} v]tL ug{ /fKtL gbLaf6 gx/ vGg] tof/L ul//x]sf 5g\ . ;l/v]t uflj;sf af9LkLl8t Pj+ ljBfno ;ldltsf ;lrj xl/rGb| zfx eG5g\, æc¿sf] ;xfg'e"lt dfq eP k'U5 . ljsf; lgdf{0fnufotsf cfjZos sfd xfdL g} u5f{}F .Æ kl5Nnf lbgdf ;/sf/L lgsfon] b]vfPsf] df}gtfnfO{ pgn] ck|ToIf ¿kdf ;/sf/sf] ;xof]us} ¿kdf lnPsf 5g\ .

xfn ljBfno btf{ k|lqmof /f]lsPsf]n] cGo s'g} ljBfnosf] zfvfsf] ¿kdf rnfpFb}5 . :jo+;]jssf] ¿kdf k9fpg] lzIfsx¿ e]l6Psf] ljBfno lgdf{0f tyf Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf 6Í df]Qmfg atfpF5g\ . tTsfnsf nflu rs8:6/sf] vr{ af9LkLl8tx¿n] g} Joxf]/]sf 5g\ . k9fO z'? x'g]ljlQs} gofF kSsL ejg agfOlbg] cfZjf;g hfkfgsf] lx/f]l;df ljZjljBfnosf k|ltlglwx¿n] lbPsfn] klg af9LkLl8tx¿ pT;flxt ePsf x'g\ .

• lzjs'df/ sfzL÷dsjfgk'/

;]jfsf] cf8df anfTsf/

b'uf{ rf}w/L / ;'/h /fO{ .

dfcf]jfbL vf]Hb} ;'g;/Lsf] e/f}n uflj;df cfPsf ;'/IffsdL{ / w/fgdf ;'/IffsdL{nfO{ ;3fpg u7g ul/Psf] j8f ;'wf/ ;ldltsf b'O{ ;b:on] uPsf] sflQssf] clGtd / dª\l;/sf] klxnf] ;ftf Ps lszf]/L / dlxnfnfO{ anfTsf/ u/]sf 5g\ .

@% sflQsdf e/f}n l5/]sf] ;+o'Qm ;'/Iffkmf}hsf] ^ hgfsf] 6f]nLn] ;f] ufpFsL df‰L y/sL Ps ;':tdgl:yltsL lszf]/LnfO{ ;fd"lxs anfTsf/ u¥of] . agLa'tf] u/L vfg] cfdfa'af v]tdf ePsf] cj:yfdf ;fyLx¿;Fu lb;f a:g uPsL !$ jifL{of lszf]/LnfO{ rSn]6 / k};f lbP/ kmsfpFbf gdfg]kl5 pgLx¿n] ha/h:tL kfn}kfnf] anfTsf/ u/]sf] kLl8t lszf]/Ln] atfPsL 5g\ . pgL elG5g\, æd]/f] ;fyLx¿nfO{ eufP / dnfO{ @% ?k}ofF lbP/ kmsfpg vf]h] . d}n] gdfg]kl5 aLr hËndf nu]/ ha/h:tL u/] .Æ pgL /utkR5] eP/ 3l;|Fb} 3/ cfPkl5 36gfaf/] c¿nfO{ yfxf ePsf] lyof] . clxn] klg pgsf] :jf:Yol:ylt gfh's /x]sf] l;ljg lj/f6gu/n] hgfPsf] 5 .

36gfdf ;+nUg ;z:q k|x/L u0f # g+= u'Nd, w/fgsf k|x/L hjfg odk|;fb v'Dbfs /fO{nfO{ @ dª\l;/df kqmfp ul/Psf] 5 . ;'g;/Lsf k|x/L k|d'v Zofdaxfb'/ v8\sf 36gfdf ;+nUg /fO{nfO{ lgnDag u/L sf/afxL cufl8 a9fOPsf] t/ ;}lgssf af/]df cfkm"nfO{ yfxf gePsf] atfpF5g\ . pgL eG5g\, æd}n] d]/f] tkm{sfnfO{ sf/afxL u/]F, pgLx¿ -;]gf_ n] u5{g\÷ub{}gg\ dnfO{ yfxf 5}g .Æ

36gfdf ;+nUg ;}lgsx¿nfO{ klg sf/afxL ug{] tof/L eO/x]sf] yfxf ePsf] 5 . ^ dª\l;/df zfxL ;]gfsf] k"jL{ k[tgf x]6Sjf6{/, O6x/L k'u]sf] dfgjclwsf/jfbLx¿sf] Ps 6f]nL;dIf k[tgfklt k|bLk k|tfk ad dNnn] ;f] 36gfdf ;}lgsx¿sf] ;+nUgtf /x]sf] :jLsf/ ub}{ bf]ifLpk/ sf/afxL x'g] jrg lbg'ePsf] OG;]ssf If]qLo ;+of]hs kf]if/fh clwsf/L atfpF5g\ .

e/f}n 36gfsf] b'O{ xKtf glaTb} * dª\l;/df ;'g;/Ls} w/fg–!& df csf]{ anfTsf/ eof] . jif{ lbgcl3 k|x/LnfO{ d2t ug{ u7g ePsf] ;fdflhs ;+:yf j8f;'wf/ ;ldltsf ;b:o @* jifL{o ;'/h /fO{ / @% jifL{o b'uf{ rf}w/Ln] :yfgLo $! jifL{of dlxnfnfO{ anfTsf/ u/]sf 5g\ . pgLx¿n] To; lbg ;fF‰ tL dlxnfnfO{ 3f]kfSofDkdf ;fyLx¿n] vfgf agfPsf 5g\ vfg hfpF eg]/ glhs}sf] hËndf nuL anfTsf/ u/]sf lyP . kLl8t dlxnfn] !) dª\l;/df cfkmGtx¿nfO{ atfPkl5 dfq ;f] 36gf k|sfzdf cfPsf] xf] . To;kl5 j8f ;'wf/ ;ldlt g} lj36g ul/Psf] 5 .

• ;f]dgfy af:tf]nf, w/fg

hg>daf6 dfcf]jfbLsf] aÍ/

/0fgLlts k|Tofqmd0fsf] a]nf ljb]zL ;]gf klg cfpg ;Sg] ePsf]n] To;af6 aRg eg]/ dfcf]jfbLn] /f]Nkf, ?s'dnufotsf !) lhNnfdf aÍ/ vGg] cleofg z'? u/]sf 5g\ . sflQs clGtd ;ftfb]lv z'? ul/Psf] of] cleofgkl5 ;j{;fwf/0fsf 3/–cfFug, v]t–af/L ;a}lt/ vfN8fv'N8L b]lvg yfn]sf 5g\ .

dfcf]jfbLn] cfkm"x¿ /0fgLlts /Iff / ;Gt'ng x'Fb} k|Tofqmd0fsf] r/0fdf k'u]sf] / o;f] x'Fbf lj/f]wL zlQm /fHo / cGt/f{li6«o zlQmåf/f ul/g] :yn tyf xjfO{ cfqmd0fsf] cGt/f{li6«o o'4 cg'ejnfO{ b[li6ut u/L cfkm"x¿ o:tf] cleofgdf nfu]sf] atfPsf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbL If]qLo Ao"/f] ;b:o tyf du/fFt :jfoQ k|b]z, hgk|ltlglw;efsf cWoIf ;?0f afF7f …/d0fÚ eG5g\, æo'4 /fli6«o r/0fdf k'u]sf] xfd|f] 7x/ 5 . o:tf] a]nf :yn / xjfO{, cfGtl/s / afXo b'j} zlQm xfdLdfly vlgg ;S5g\ . ;a} g]kfnLnfO{ To;af6 aRg cfjZos 5 . ;'?ª To;sf] df}lns, k|fylds / k|fs[lts pkfo xf] .Æ

cfwf/ If]q 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] If]qdf dfcf]jfbLn] hg;}Go cleofg rnfpFb} …Ps 3/ Ps aÍ/Ú sf] gLlt cufl8 ;f/]/ ;fdl/s dxŒjsf gfsf tyf hËnx¿df ;'?ª / 6«]Gr vGg nufpg yfn]sf 5g\ . cleofgn] ?s'd, /f]Nkf, ;Nofg / hfh/sf]6df Jofkstf kfPsf] 5 . vGg nufOPsf aÍ/x¿ cª\u|]hL Soflk6n n]6/sf …cf], Pd, 6L, Pr, Pn, eL / 8An"Ú cfsf/sf, sDtLdf rf/–rf/ ld6/ rf}8f / ulx/f 5g\ . dfcf]jfbLn] o:tf aÍ/ vGg :yfgLo afl;Gbfn] lgMz'Ns >d ug{'kg]{ lg0f{o ;d]t u/]sf 5g\ .

?s'd, enfSofsf pbojL/ bdfO eG5g\, ævf}nf gvgf}F ufpFsf] ;/sf/sf] 8/, vgf}F dflysf] ;/sf/sf] 8/ . xfdL t 3/ g 3f6sf] eof}F . klxn] s;}n] dfnf{ eGg] 8/ lyof] . ca uf]7fnf] / d]nfkft hfFbf klg cfk}Fmn] vg]sf] vfN8f]df vl;Pnf eGg] 8/ nfU5 . ufO{afv|f s;/L hf]ufpg] xf] <Æ

• gf/fo0f zfx, ?s'd

bË kl/g\ Ct'

6'x'/Lsf] kL8f ufpFb} lxF8\g] Ct' nfdf /fli6«o afn k|ltef k'/:sf/ kfPkl5 bË k/]sL 5g\ . !% xhf/ /flzsf] ;f] k'/:sf/ kfPkl5 pgn] elgg\, æclxn] g} /fli6«o:t/sf] k'/:sf/ kfpF5' eGg] nfu]s} lyPg .Æ

wflbªdf hlGdPsL !! jifL{of Ct' nfdf clxn] kf]v/fsf] Unf]an sn]lho6 :s"ndf sIff % df k9\b}l5g\ . cfefif, r]tgf 5/f}F, 6'x'/Lsf] kL8f / l;Gb'/ k'l5of] -efu !–@_ u/L rf/ j6f Sof;]6 cNad lgsfln;s]sL Ct'n] ;ft jif{sf] pd]/b]lv g} ufpg yfn]sL ljBfnosf ;ËLt lzIfs kbd/fh 9sfn atfpF5g\ . pgL eG5g\, æc¿0ff nfdfh:t} ;kmn uflosf aGg] v'jL Ct' nfdfdf 5 .Æ k'/:sf/ ;~rfng ;ldltsf cWoIf /x]sf kf]v/fdf …c;n u'?Ú sf ¿kdf lrlgg] hh{ hf]g eG5g\, æd}n] nfvf}F ljBfyL{nfO{ k9fO;s]F, t/ o:tf] k|ltef e]6]sf] lyOgF .Æ

kf]v/fdf Psn ;fËLlts ;fF‰ ;DkGg ul/;s]sL Ct'n] @)%( / @)^) df lzIff dGqfnoåf/f cfof]lht /fli6«o ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmddf ;d]t k'/:sf/ kfO;s]sL 5g\ . /fli6«o afn k|ltef k'/:sf/sf] :yfkgf ;flxTosf/ ;?eQmn] @)%^ ;fndf u/]sf x'g\ . o;cl3 ;f] k'/:sf/af6 afn kj{tf/f]xL t]Djfl5/L z]kf{ / afn snfsf/ Hof]lt yfkf k'/:s[t eO;s]sf 5g\ .

• ljgf]b wf}nflul/, kf]v/f

hgtfn] agfP :s"n

Ps jif{cl3 ;z:q k|x/Lsf] dx]Zj/L aflxgLn] lj:yflkt u/]kl5 1fgk'~h :s"n, sf]xnk'/sf ljBfyL{ / lzIfsx¿ cGof}ndf lyP -x]= lxdfn !–!%, k'if @)^)_ . t/ clxn] :yfgLo ;dfh;]jL, cleefjs / lzIfsx¿sf] ljBfno agfP/} 5f8\g] c7f]6af6 jif{lbgd} ljBfnosf] ;'Gb/ ejg tof/ ePsf] 5 -x] tl:a/_ . pgLx¿n] zfob sNkgf klg u/]sf lyPgg\ olt l56} eJo / ;'ljwf;DkGg ejgdf k9\g÷k9fpg kfOPnf eg]/ . k|wfgfWofks bLks dNn o;nfO{, æljBfyL{ / :yfgLo hgtfn] ljBfnok|lt b]vfPsf] ;b\efjÆ eG5g\ .

;z:q k|x/Ln] ljBfno ejg / hUufdf sAhf hdfPkl5 1fgk'~hn] tLg dlxgf;Dd 8]9 lsnf]ld6/ k/ /x]sf] ;u/dfyf k|fylds ljBfnosf] v'Nnf rf}/df k9fpg] sfd u/]sf] lyof] . :s"nsf] To:tf] a]xfn b]v]/ ;u/dfyf k|fljn] cfˆgf] hUuf lbO{ ;xof]u u¥of] . :yfgLo afl;Gbfn] cfˆg} kxndf ;Íng u/]sf] ?=# nfvaf6 ejg lgdf0f{sf] sfd z'? eof] . ljBfno ejg lgdf{0fdf ;xof]u ug{ bftfx¿n] klg ?lr /fv] . a]nfotL cGt/f{li6«o ;xof]u lgof]u -l8lkm8_ n] ?=!@ nfv %) xhf/ / Aofsjf8{ Ph's]zg ;f];fO6L -a];_ n] ?=*) xhf/ ;xof]u u/] . o;df :yfgLo afl;Gbfsf] >dbfg ;d]t hf]l8Pkl5 ljBfno ejg ;lhn} tof/ eof] . ljBfnosf ;xfos k|wfgfWofks ch'{gs'df/ kf}8\ofn eG5g\, æ:yfgLo hgtf, cleefjs / ljBfyL{x¿sf] ljz]if ;xof]u tyf bftfx¿sf] ;b\efjaf6 ejg lgdf{0f ;Dej ePsf] xf] . lghL If]qaf6 ;~rflnt ljBfnon] klg cleefjs / bftfsf] dfof kfpg ;S5 eGg] Pp6f pbfx/0f xf] of] .Æ

To:tf] ljklQdf klg ;/sf/L txaf6 s'g} ;xof]u gkfPsf] 1fgk'~h :s"n clxn] cf7 hgf lzIfs sd{rf/Lsf e/df s/La kfFr ;o ljBfyL{nfO{ k9fO/x]sf] 5 .

• ;'/]z/fh Gof}kfg]

;D‰f}tf tf]8\of] cfO{PgPkmn]

;/sf/;Fu % l8;]Da/ @))% ;Dd …Ifo/f]u s'i7/f]u kl/of]hgfÚ ;~rfng ug]{ ;D‰f}tf u/]sf] cGt/f{li6«o u}/;/sf/L ;Ë7g cfO{PgPkm -O06/g]zgn g]kfn km]nf]l;k_ n] kl/of]hgf aGb u/]kl5 ;'v]{tLx¿ p;n] lbg] u/]sf] :jf:Yo;]jfaf6 al~rt ePsf 5g\ . kof{Kt ah]6 / hgzlQm x'Fbfx'Fb} klg cfO{PgPkmn] ;D‰f}tf cjlweGbf @) dlxgfcl3 !^ clk|n @))$ df Ps ;"rgf hf/L u/L sfd aGb u/]sf] xf] .

xfn b]zdf !) xhf/ hgfdf rf/ hgf s'i7/f]uL /x]sf]df ;/sf/n] ;g\ @))% ;Dddf To;nfO{ Ps hgfdf ‰fg]{ nIo /fv]sf] 5 . t/, cfO{PgPkm ;'v]{tn] o;/L cfˆgf] ;]jf aGb u/]kl5 >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] ;f] nIonfO{ c;xof]u k'Ug] b]lvPsf] 5 . ;/sf/L :jf:Yo lgsfox¿n] cfO{PgPkmsf] lhDd]jf/L lnPklg plrt bIftf / cg'ejsf] sdLsf ;fy} åGå k|efljt If]qdf ;/sf/L :jf:YosdL{x¿sf] kx'Fr ;Lldt x'g;Sg] cj:yfn] ubf{ /f]uL kQf nfUg ;Sg] ;Defjgf sd b]lvPsf] 5 . kl/of]hgf aGb x'g'cl3;Dd cfO{PgPkmsf] Ifo tyf s'i7/f]u pkrf/ sIfn] dfl;s ;/b/ tLg hgf gofF s'i7/f]uL kQf nufpFYof] . t/, lhNnf c:ktfnn] ;f] sfd z'? u/]kl5 ^ dlxgfdf rf/ hgf s'i7/f]uL dfq e]l6Psf 5g\, Tof] klg cfO{PgPkms} :jf:YosdL{sf] ;xof]udf . kl/of]hgf rfn' x'Fbf el/e/fp x'g] cfO{PgPkmsf] ^^ z}øofsf] pkrf/ s]Gb|df clxn] !* hgf lj/fdLdfq 5g\ .

cfO{PgPkm, ;'v]{tsf cfof]hgf Joj:yfks h]D; lrGg/L ;/sf/L :jf:Yo lgsfonfO{ tflnd k|bfg u/L ;Ifd agfP/ sfo{qmd x:tfGt/0f ub}{ n}hfg] gLltcg'¿k kl/of]hgf aGb u/]sf] bfaL u5{g\ . eG5g\, æPs}k6s x:tfGt/0f ubf{ ;/sf/nfO{ ufx|f] x'G5 eg]/ o;f] ul/Psf] xf] .Æ t/, ;/sf/L :jf:Yo lgsfon] klg cfGtl/s ¿kdf lhDd]jf/Lsf] lglDt tof/L ug'{ / cfO{PgPkmn] klg ;D‰f}tf cjlw;Dd sfd ul//xg' /fd|f] x'GYof] eG5g\, If]qLo :jf:Yo lgb]{zgfno, ;'v]{tsf Ifo–s'i7/f]u k|d'v dx]z k'/L . k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L ltns/fd zdf{ klg h]D; lrGg/Lsf] :ki6Ls/0faf6 ;Gt'i6 5}gg\ . k|lhc zdf{ eG5g\, æcfO{PgPkmn] To;/L aLr}df sfd aGb ug{' g} lyof] eg] klg ;/sf/sf] cg'dlt lng'kYof]{ .Æ

t/ cfO{Pgckm sd{rf/Lx¿ eg] cfO{PgPkm Joj:yfkgsf] lglxt :jfy{cg's"n sfd gug]{ sd{rf/LnfO{ x6fpg o;f] ul/Psf] cfzÍf u5{g\ . Joj:yfkgsf cg';f/, @))% l8;]Da/;Dd cfO{PgPkm, ;'v]{tsf #$ hgf sd{rf/L ;]jfd'Qm x'g]5g\ . dWoklZrd If]qel/df cfO{PgPkmsf !!) hgf sd{rf/Ln] cjsf; kfpFb} 5g\ . sd{rf/Lx¿sf] u'gf;f] 5, æpd]/ 5p~h]n ;Lk / lzIff cfO{PgPkmdf vr{ ul/of] . clxn] cfP/ PSsf;L cjsf; lbg' 7"nf] cGofo xf] .Æ

• sn]Gb| ;]h'jfn, ;'v]{t

c‰} q:t 5, ;Ltfk'/

cTofw'lgs xltof/ af]s]/ sDAof6 kf]zfsdf g]kfn l5/]sf ef/tLo cw{;}Go an :k]zn ;la{; Jo'/f] -P;P;aL_ sf hjfgx¿n] ^ dª\l;/df alb{ofsf] hd'gL uflj;–%, ;Ltfk'/df Ps bh{geGbf a9L g]kfnLnfO{ s'6lk6 / bh{gf}F kmfol/ª u/]/ l;Ëf] ufpF cftlÍt kf/], cfwf bh{g 3/–k;n hnfP . ;LdfIf]qaf6 ‰08} Ps lsnf]ld6/ leq kg]{ ;f] g]kfnL ufpFdf k|j]z u/]sf ef/tLo ;'/IffsdL{sf] qf;n] l;Ëf] ufpF :tAw eof], s;}n] r"F;Dd ug{ ;s]g .

ef/tLo hjfgx¿n] ;Ltfk'/sf %) jifL{o /fdrGb| 9sfn, pgs} pd]/sf 6Lsf clwsf/L, pgsL >LdtL, alxgLnufot !# hgfnfO{ s'6]/ uDeL/ 3fOt] agfP . gu]Gb| la;Lsf] lkl;cf] / l8n/ k;n, lgd{nf 9sfnsf] s:d]l6s k;n, piff yfkfsf] b"w 8]/L, nIfL/fd kf;Lsf] @) SjLG6n wfgsf] v/} / O{Zj/ rfln;]sf] sk8f / lj:t/fdf cfuf] nufP/ Wj:t kfl/lbP . /, cGwfw'Gb uf]nL jiff{pFb} l;Ëf] ufpFnfO{ lgoGq0fdf lnP/ ck/fGx # ah]b]lv /fte/ cftÍ dRrfP . ;Ltfk'/sf 3/3/sf leQf / ¿vdf uf]nLsf v]lkN6fx¿ b]lvPsf 5g\ .

dlb/f ;]jg ;d]t u/]sf P;P;aLsf s]xL hjfgn] :yfgLo dlxnfx¿dfly b'Jo{jxf/ ug{ nfu]sf a]nf b'O{ c1ft o'jfn] df]6/;fOsndf cfP/ Pshgfsf] ;]Nkm nf]l8ª /fOkmn -P;Pncf/_ n'6]/ efu]kl5 hjfgx¿sf] cftÍn] rsf]{ ?k lnPsf] xf] . To;kl5 pgLx¿n] cGwfw'Gb kmfol/ª u/]sf, cufl8 kg]{nfO{ aGb'ssf] s'Gbfn] hyfefjL lxsf{Psf / 3/–k;nx¿df cfuf] nufPsf lyP . cftlÍt ufpFn]x¿;Fu To;kl5 Hofg hf]ufpg]afx]s s]xL pkfo /x]g . æsf]xL ufpF 5f8]/ efu], sf]xL 3/ y'g]/ a;] . uf]nLsf] cfjfh dfq ;'lgof], aflx/ s] eof] s;}nfO{ yfxf ePg . ef]lnkN6 aflx/ lg:sFbf t oxfFsf] ?k} lj?k eO;s]sf] lyof], ;a} k;n / 3/ hn]/ v/fgL ag]sf lyP,Æ O{Zj/ rfln;] eG5g\ .

36gfsf ;DaGwdf P;P;aLsf Ps clws[tn] lxdfn ;Fu eg], æg]kfnL dfcf]jfbLn] xltof/ n'6]kl5 o:tf] ePsf] xf] .Æ t/, dfcf]jfbL afFs]–alb{ofsf ;]qm]6/L …t'kmfgÚ ;f] cf/f]ksf] k|ltjfb ub}{ eG5g\, æxfdLn] xltof/ n'6]s} 5}gf}F of] lj:tf/jfbLx¿sf] x:tIf]k a9fpg] / g]kfndf v'ndv'Nnf u:tL ug]{ gofF rfn xf] .Æ

36gfaf/] yfxf kfO;s]kl5 ToxL lbg a]n'sL g]kfnu~haf6 zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf] Pp6f 6f]nL ef/tLo af6f] x'Fb} cfP/ ufpF x]/L kmls{of] . ufpFdf o:tf] 36gf x'Fbf klg ;/sf/L lgsfosf] Wofgfsif{0f ePsf] b]lvPsf] 5}g . ;LdfIf]qdf g]kfnL ;'/Iff lgsfox¿ k'/} cg'kl:yt /x]sfn] km]l/ klg o:t} / of]eGbf eofgs 36gfx¿ gbf]xf]l/Pnfg\ eGg ;lsGg .

• /fd]Zj/

lgbf]{ifnfO{ dfcf]jfbL oftgf

O{Zj/L >]i7

8f]/s'df/ >]i7

dfcf]jfbLn] ef]hk'/, af]of uflj;sf tLg ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ r/d oftgf lbPsf 5g\ . ef]hk'/sf :yfgLo dfcf]jfbL g]tf /fhs'df/ >]i7n] ;'/Iffkmf}h ;dIf cfTd;d{k0f u/]kl5 pgsf efO 8f]/s'df/ >]i7nfO{ bfh' eufPsf] cf/f]k nufpFb} dfcf]jfbLn] rsf]{ oftgf lbPsf 5g\ . af]of ( 3/ ePsf >]i7nfO{ @% c;f]hsf lbg a]n'sf 3/ glhs} hËndf nuL tLg hgf dfcf]jfbL ;]gfn] aGb'ssf] s'Gbfn] lxsf{pFb} kf6L{ 5f]8]sf bfh'nfO{ h;/L klg vf]h]/ Nofpg r]tfjgL lbP/ dfq} d'Qm u/]sf 5g\ . z/L/el/ rf]6 nfu]/ ynf k/]sf 8f]/s'df/ bfh'n] lsg dfcf]jfbL 5f8] cfkm"nfO{ yfxf gePsf] atfpF5g\ .

ptf ;]gfnfO{ /S;L v'jfPsf] / cfkm" lj?4 ;'/fsL u/]sf] eg]/ dfcf]jfbLn] af]ofs} lalxaf/] ahf/sL k"j{ dft[lzz' sfo{stf{ O{Zj/L >]i7nfO{ @! ;fpgdf oftgf lbPsf 5g\ . ;f] ahf/df xl6of nfu]sf] lbg …b'ZdgnfO{ /S;L v'jfPsf]Ú eg]/ dfcf]jfbL lhNnf sldl6 ;b:o ;'lbkn] >]i7nfO{ afF;sf] ef6f tyf bfp/fn] lxsf{Psf lyP . ^ g+ O{nfsf OGrfh{ /fhs'df/ >]i7sf] g]t[Tjdf cfPsf] dfcf]jfbL 6f]nLn] pgnfO{ oftgf lbPsf] lyof] . kLl8t >]i7 elG5g\, æklxn] b}lgs h;f] d]/} 3/df cfP/ vfGy], o;k6s pgLx¿n] lsg dnfO{ s'6lk6 u/]sf x'g\, d}n] a'´g ;s]sf] 5}g . hLp b'V5, t/ df5{g\ eGg] 8/n] lhNnf aflx/ pkrf/ ug{ uPsL 5}g .Æ

!& j}zfv @)^! df ;'/Iff kmf}hsf] sf/afxLdf k/L :yfgLo Ps dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{ dfl/Pkl5 dfcf]jfbLn] ;'/fsL u/]sf] eg]/ af]of $ sf v8\uaxfb'/ /fO{nfO{ r/d oftgf lbP . %^ jifL{o /fO{ ylnP, clxn] pgsf] kl/jf/sf] lahf]u ePsf] 5 . pgL c:j:y ePsf sf/0f pgsf] kl/jf/sf] hLljsfdf ;d]t ;d:of k/]sf] 5 . v8\uaxfb'/ eG5g\, æd la/fdL eP/ 3/leq ;'lt/x]sf] lyPF, dnfO{ ;'/fsL u/]sf] eg]/ dg]{ u/L lk6] .Æ

• 1fg]Gb| v8\sf, ef]hk'/