:ynut÷dfcf]jfbL
dfcf]jfbLdf klg pxL /f]u
e|i6frf/, x]]nr]qm\ofO / knfog
e|i6frf/, x]]nr]qmofO / knfog x]bf{ /fHonfO{
r'gf}tL lbO/x]sf dfcf]jfbLsf] slyt …gofF ;QfÚ klg pgLx¿
cfkm}Fn] e|i6 / c/fhs eGg] u/]sf] …k'/fgf] ;QfÚ eGbf
km/s b]lvFb}g .
• /fd]Zj/
af]x/f, ;'v{]t
dfcf]jfbL g]tf
…k|zfGtÚM zÍf:kb lu/ˆtf/L . |
sf7df8f}F pkTosfsf]
dfcf]jfbL ;Ë7g clxn] km]l/ ;Í6df k/]sf]
5 . !( sflQssf] laxfg ;]gfn] sf7df8f}Fsf] Ao:t Jofkfl/s If]q
ef]6]jxfndf ;'/Iffj[Q / k|];df …k|zfGtÚ sf gfpFn] rlr{t
dfcf]jfbL g]tf ;fw'/fd b]jsf]6fnfO{ ;dfTof] . @) h]7 @)^! df
k6gfdf ;dfltPsf !! dfcf]jfbLdWo] pkTosfsf] lhDd]jf/L af]s]sf s'df/
bfxfnnufot w]/} g]tfx¿ k/]sf lyP . To;kl5 …s~rgÚ
/ …k|efls/0fÚ sf gfpFn] lrlgg] jl/i7 dfcf]jfbL g]tfx¿
qmdzM clUg ;fksf]6f / kjgdfg >]i7sf] dftxtdf /x]/ k|zfGtn] pkTosfsf]
lhDd]jf/L ;Dxfn] . …pkTosf OGrfh{Ú elgP klg oyfy{df
pgL lgldQ ;+of]hs dfq} /x]sf] dfcf]jfbL ;"qx¿ atfpF5g\ .
t/ dflyNnf] txsf g]tfx¿ /fhwfgLsf] cf;kf;df a;]/ sfd ul//x]sf
a]nf zx/leq} a;]/ k|lts"n cj:yfdf klg /fhwfgLsf] g]6js{nfO{
hLljt} /fVg ;kmn k|zfGtsf] ;fx;sf] dfcf]jfbL leq} klg k|z+;f x'GYof] .
c;f]hsf] bf];|f] ;ftf kf6L{sf] k|lzIf0f / ;Ë7g
k'gu{7g ;DaGwL sfo{qmddf efu lng pkTosf aflx/ uPsf k|zfGt !@ sflQsdf
/fhwfgL cfPsf lyP . ;f] a}7sn] cfkm"nfO{ k"jL{ pkIf]qsf]
;f]n'v'Da'–cf]vn9'Ëf ;?jf u/]sf]n] pgL Totflt/ hfg] tof/Ldf
lyP . dfcf]jfbL ;"qsf egfOdf, pgn] cfˆgf s]xL ldq
/ kl/jf/sf ;b:ox¿nfO{ of] s'/fsf] hfgsf/L lbPsf lyP .
s'g} g]tf kqmfp kbf{ ljutdf dfcf]jfbLn] ug]{ Jojxf/
/ k|ltlqmofnfO{ x]g]{ xf] eg] k|zfGtsf] lu/ˆtf/LnfO{ zÍf:kb
b]vfpF5 . /fhwfgLdf dfcf]jfbLsf] gfddf rn]sf] cToGt ljjfbf:kb
…rGbf cftÍÚ sf] ljifonfO{ lnP/ kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Lo
g]t[Tj / pkTosf g]t[TjaLr a]nfavt v6k6 x'g] ub{Yof] . pkTosfdf
pknAw Ps dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{sf] egfOdf, æsltko ;fË7lgs
sldsdhf]/LnfO{ ;Rofpg] qmddf pgnfO{ k"jL{ pkIf]qdf ;?jf ul/Psf]
xf] .Æ
sltko kl/l:ylthGo s'/fn] klg pgsf] lu/ˆtf/LnfO{
zÍf:kb b]vfpF5 . pgnfO{ kqmfp ug{ ;]gfn] 7"nf]
zlQm kl/rfng ug{' k/]g . ;f] :yfgdf w]/} cl3b]lv ;]gfn] lgu/fgL
/fv]sf]n] pgL ;lhn} ;dfltP . c¿a]nf dfcf]jfbL g]tf–sfo{stf{
/ ;dy{snfO{ ;dft]/ dlxgf}F hfgsf/L glbg], cbfntnfO{ ;d]t 9fF6\g]
;]gfn] k|zfGtsf] lu/ˆtf/Laf/] tTsfn} hfgsf/L lbof] / cfwf
306fleq} pkTosfsf k|foM ;a} ;~rf/dfWoddf va/ k'Uof] . ;'/Iff
;|f]tnfO{ pNn]v ub}{ /]l8of] g]kfnn] ;d]t ef]lnkN6 -@) sflQs_ laxfg}
;dfrf/ k|;f/0f u¥of] . o; qmddf pgnfO{ sf7df8f}Fsf k|d'v
lhNnf clwsf/Lsf] k'hL{sf] cfwf/df gh/aGbdf /flvPsf] s'/f ;d]t hfgsf/L
lbOPsf] lyof] . /x:osf] csf]{ kf6f] s] 5 eg], x/]s g]tf÷sfo{stf{sf]
lu/ˆtf/L / xTofdf tTsfn k|ltlqmof hgfpg] dfcf]jfbLn] klg o;
ljifodf d'v vf]n]sf] 5}g .
k|zfGtnfO{ ef]6]jxfndf gj/fh nf]xgLsf] sf]7faf6 kqmfp
ul/Psf] lyof] . sltkon] Tof] pg}n] ef8fdf lnPsf] ˆNof6
xf] eg]sf 5g\ . k|zfGt;Fu ToxfF gj/fh / s]zjk|;fb sF8]n klg
;dfltPsf 5g\ . gj/fh lqk'/]Zj/sf] ljZj lgs]tg dfljsf sd{rf/L
x'g\ eg] s]zj gj/fhsL 7"nLcfdf -cfdfsL lbbL_ sf 5f]/f .
s]zjnfO{ Pdfn]n] cfˆgf] sfo{stf{ eGb} l/xf ug{ cg'/f]w u/]sf]
5 .
k|zfGt ;]N6/af6} cfˆgf] lhDd]jf/Ldf /x]sf] ;Dk"0f{ ;fdu|L
;lxt kqmfp k/]sfn] dxŒjk"0f{ ;"rgf k|fKt ePsf] ;}lgs
;|f]tn] bfaL u/]sf] 5 . pRrtxsf dfcf]jfbL g]tfsf af/]df ;d]t
hfgsf/L /fVg] k|zfGtsf] lu/ˆtf/Laf6 ;]gfn] pkTosfdf dfcf]jfbL
;Ë7g / ultljlwaf/] /fd|} ;"rgf kfPsf] x'g;S5 . ;}lgs
;"qx¿n] k|zfGtn] k|of]u ug{] sDKo'6/, df]afOn kmf]g
/ ;~rf/ ;]6 ;d]t a/fdb ePsf] atfPsf 5g\, t/ o;sf] :jtGq k'li6 x'g;s]sf]
5}g .
uf]/vfsf] km'h]n uflj;—$ sf @( jifL{o ;fw'/fd
b]jsf]6fn] afnfh' k|fljlws lzIffnoaf6 On]lS6«s OlGhlgol/Ëdf
k|df0fkq tx pQL0f{ u/]sf 5g\ . To;sf] nuQ} cg]/f:jljo"
qmflGtsf/Lsf] sf7df8f}F lhNnf cWoIf ag]sf pgL wflbË, g'jfsf]6,
l;Gw'kfNrf]s sld6Laf6 pkTosf ;/]sf / k6gfdf g]tfx¿ kqmfp
k/]kl5 pkTosfdf sfdrnfp ;+of]hs eP/ sfd ug{ k'u]sf x'g\ . o;cl3
@)%% ;fndf klg kqmfp k/]sf b]jsf]6f cbfntsf] cfb]zaf6 l/xf ePsf
lyP . @)%* ;fndf ;/sf/n] /]8sg{/ gf]l6; hf/L u/]kl5 pgL k|zfGtsf]
gfdn] lrlgg yfn]sf x'g\ .
c¿ 8/fP, …bL3{Ú dfl/P
c3f{vfFrLsf] hn's] 6fs'/fdf @% c;f]hsf] …;'/Iff sf/afxLÚ
df dfcf]jfbLsf s]Gb|Lo ;Nnfxsf/ …bL3{Ú nufot tLg g]tf
dfl/P, Pshgf ;dfltP . /f]Nkf, yjfª–! sf &) jifL{o
bL3{ kf6L{sf If]qLo Jo"/f] ;b:o, du/ft :jfoQ k|b]zsf dGqL Pj+
clvn g]kfn ls;fg ;+3 qmflGtsf/Lsf If]qLo ;+of]hs lyP . dfl/g]
cGo g]tfdf ljz]if If]qLo Jo"/f] ;b:o lbns'df/ /f]sfof klg 5g\ .
bfªdf sfo{qmd ;s]/ @( c;f]hdf x'gnfu]sf] c3f{vfFrL–slkna:t'
;+o'Qm ls;fge]nfdf ;xefuL x'g uO/x]sf dfcf]jfbLx¿ Ko"7fgaf6
/fKtL gbL kf/ u/L hn's] k'u]sf lyP . t/, ToxfF c3f{vfFrLsf]
7f8f / slkna:t'sf] uf]?l;Ë] tyf rGb|f}6faf6 cfP/ rf/ lbgb]lv
al;/x]sf] ;'/Iffkmf}hsf] xftaf6 dfl/P .
dfcf]jfbLsf cg';f/, ls;fge]nfdf g]tfx¿ cfpFb}5g\
eGg] yfxf kfO{ slknj:t'af6 pgLx¿nfO{ lng kf6L{sf b'O{ j6f
6f]nL To;tkm{ uPsf lyP . t/, ;'/Iffu:tL cfPsf] yfxf kfP/ Pp6f
cGoq nfUof] eg] csf]{ k'Ug} ;s]g . dfcf]jfbL lhNnf g]tf cf/tL
elG5g\, æ;]gf k|j]z u/]sf] yfxf kfP/ ;fyLx¿sf] 6f]nL
;'/lIft :yfgtkm{ nfu]sfn] ;dodf g]tfx¿;Dd k'Ug ;lsPg .Æ
o;df dfcf]jfbLsf] ;~rf/ k|0ffnL klg k|rf/ ul/P ‰}F k|efjsf/L
b]lvPg . o;af6 dfcf]jfbLx¿ qf; / xtf; dgl:yltdf sfd
ul//x]sf a'´g ;lsG5 . of] 36gfn] w]/} 7fpFdf ;]gf jf
k|x/Lsf] cg'kl:yltsf] kmfObf p7fP/ alnof] b]lvPsf dfcf]jfbLx¿
/fHosf] pkl:ylt alnof] x'g] xf] eg] s'g} lglZrt Onfsfdf v'Dr]/ a:g
afWo x'G5g\ eGg] b]vfPsf] 5 .
csf]{ dxŒjk"0f{ s'/f, kqmfp k/]sf dfcf]jfbL
sfo{stf{n] uf]kgLotf hf]ufpg 5f8]sf 5g\ . v'§f ds]{/ lxF8\g
g;sL lu/ˆtf/Ldf k/]sL dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{ …od'gfÚ
cyf{t\ ldgf v8\sfaf6 ;]gfn] dfcf]jfbLn] ;]N6/ lng] 3/ / ;fdfg vl/b
ug]{ k;naf/] hfgsf/L kfP/ hn's]df sf/afxL tLa| agfPsf] cg'dfg ul/Psf]
5 . h;sf sf/0f dfcf]jfbLn] bL3{nufotsf g]tfx¿ u'dfP .
6]s/fh e§ …zlQmÚ |
8Da/s[i0f >]i7 |
| ;s{axfb'/ lai6 …o'j/fhÚ |
sf/afxL / ljb|f]xsf] nx/
dWo t/fO{sf] dfcf]jfbL ;Ë7g ‰g\ ;Í6df 5 .
kf6L{sf k;f{ ;]qm]6/L …hldgÚ nfO{ cfly{s clgoldttfsf]
cf/f]kdf avf{:t u/L s'g} kxf8L lhNnfsf] …>d lzlj/Ú
df /flvPsf] 5 . af/f / k;f{sf dfcf]jfbL kqsf/ lj/f]wn] lxdfn
nfO{ lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/, æclxn] cg';Gwfg eO/x]sf] 5 .
cf/f]k k|dfl0ft ePdf sf/afxL x'g;S5 .Æ af/f / k;f{sf]
;+o'Qm lhNnf ;]qm]6/L / OGrfh{sf] lhDd]jf/L …k|sfzÚ
/ …k|of;Ú n] kfPsf 5g\ . k;f{sf] hg;/sf/ k|d'vdf
/fdfcf>o /fdf 5g\ .
@)^) df3df dsjfgk'/sf] ledfg / @)^! j}zfvdf ;f]xL
lhNnfsf] 5ltjgdf dfcf]jfbLn] 7"nf] Iflt Joxf]/]sf lyP, h;df
t/fO{ ljz]if If]qLo Ao"/f] ;b:o / k;f{ ;]qm]6/L …ljsf;Ú
tyf If]qLo Ao"/f] ;b:o Pj+ dhb'/ kmfF6sf s]Gb|Lo pkfWoIf zDe'
kf}8]n dfl/P . o;sf] k|ToIf c;/ k;f{sf] dfcf]jfbL ;Ë7gdf
k¥of] . j}zfvsf] cGTolt/ af/f lhNnfsf hg;/sf/ k|d'v lzjrGb|
s'zjfxf -hldg_ nfO{ k;f{sf] klg ;]qm]6/Lsf] lhDd]jf/L lbOPsf] lyof] .
pgs} cu'jfO{df ePsf] sf/afxLdf !@ k|x/L PDa';df k/]sf lyP .
t/ ;doqmddf kf6L{ leq ;d:of b]lvg yfNof] . slt
rGbf p7fP/ a]kQf x'gyfn] eg] sltn] lx;fa b]vfpg 5f8] . dfcf]jfbL
leq df}nfPsf] cfly{s c/fhstfnfO{ dfcf]jfbLx¿ klg …;d:ofÚ
7fGg yfn]sf 5g\ . …hldgÚ dflysf] sf/afxL oxL ;d:ofsf]
Pp6f s8L x'g;S5 .
dWo t/fO{sf] /f}tx6df klg cfly{s lxgfldgfs} cf/f]kdf
sf/afxLdf k/]sf dfcf]jfbLsf Knf6'g sdf08/ …choÚ -zDe'
ofbj_ rflxF kf6L{lj?4 ljb|f]xdf plqPsf 5g\ . & ;fpgdf dfcf]jfbL
lx/f;taf6 effu]/ pgn] …dw]zL 6fOu/Ú gfds ;Ë7g
agfP, h;nfO{ dfcf]jfbLsf /f}tx6 lhNnf ;]qm]6/L …lrqÚ
/ hg;/sf/ k|d'v ljGb]Zj/ ofbjn] ;fDk|bflostf km}nfpg vf]h]sf] cf/f]k
nufPsf 5g\ .
ptf, !) ;fpgdf dfcf]jfbLsf] dw]zL /fli6«o d'lQm
df]rf{af6 5'l§Psf ;Kt/Lsf hos[i0f uf]Ot klg …hgtflGqs
t/fO{ d'lQm df]rf{Ú u7g u/]/ dfcf]jfbLleq ;d]t dw]zLx¿
dfly zf]if0f, pTkL8g r/d l:yltdf k'u]sf] s'/f p7fpFb} ;z:q ljb|f]x
ug]{ tof/Ldf nfu]sf 5g\ . uf]Otn] lxdfn nfO{ t/fO{ d'lQm ;]gf
agfpg z'? u/]sf] / zxLb b'uf{gGb ‰f Knf6'g tof/ ul/;s]sf]
atfPsf 5g\ . t/fO{ d'lQm ;]gfn] uPsf] @% c;f]hdf ;Kt/Lsf kxf8L
d"nsf kfFr sd{rf/LnfO{ kfFr ;ftfleq lhNnf 5f8\g lnlvt cfb]z
lbPsf] lyof], h;df g3f]{ dfljsf lzIfs ;Ltf/fd clwsf/L, j]NxL eG;f/
sfof{nosf sd{rf/L k|]daxfb'/ v8\sf cflb 5g\ . uf]Ot eG5g\,
æt/fO{df sfo{/t sd{rf/Ldf kxf8L d"nsf dflg;sf] xfnLd'xfnL
5, t/ dfcf]jfbL / jt{dfg zf;s b'j}yl/n] o:tf] k|j[lQ lg?T;flxt ug{
grfx]sf]n] of] sf/afxL yflnPsf] xf] .Æ uf]Otsf] ultljlw
cufl8 a9]df o;n] hftLo ;ª\3if{sf] ?k lng;S5 .
lai6 / e§sf] knfog
df]/ª, dw'dNnfdf kqmfp k/]sf dfcf]jfbLsf] k"jL{ t/fO{
x]g]{ d]rL–sf]zL c7f/f}F a6flnog, …8LÚ sDkgLsf
sdf08/ ;s{axfb'/ lai6 …o'j/fhÚ / …:k]zn 6f:s
kmf];{Ú -P;6LPkm_ sf ;b:o Knf6'g sdf08/ 6]s/fh e§ …zlQmÚ
clxn] zfxL ;]gfsf] k"jL{ k[tgf x]8Sjf6{/, O6x/Lsf] ;}lgs lx/f;tdf
5g\ . lai6 !# j}zfvdf / e§ !! ;fpgdf le8Gtdf 3fOt] ePkl5
;dfltPsf x'g\ . To; lbg e§;Fu} df]6/;fOsndf df]/ªsf]
pnf{af/Laf6 dw'dNnf uO/x]sf ‰fkfsf ;}Go OGrfh{ eLd vgfn …afafÚ
klg dfl/Psf lyP . k"jL{ t/fO{sf ‰fkf, df]/ª
/ ;'g;/Ldf ;}Go ultljlw tLa| kfg{ agfOPsf] sDkgL Pj+ :k]zn 6f:s
kmf];{sf xtf{stf{x¿ ;dfltPkl5 t/fO{sf zx/L If]qdf dfcf]jfbL
ultljlw 36]sf] 5 .
sfnLsf]6, sf]6jf8fsf @! jifL{o ;s{axfb'/ )%^ ;fnb]lv
dfcf]jfbLdf nfu]sf] / )^) sflQsb]lv k"jf{~rndf ;lqmo /x]sf]
atfpF5g\ . pgL eG5g\, ælsnf] z]/f 6' ck|];gdf k|x/Ln]
lagf sf/0f kqm]/ tLg–rf/ lbg;Dd r'6] . clt ePkl5 Hofg
arfpg afWo eP/ dfcf]jfbLdf nfu]F / oxfF;Dd cfOk'u]F .Æ
;]gfsf] Jojxf/af6 k|efljt lai6 / e§ /f]huf/ / ;'/Iffsf] Uof/]06L
lbP ca ;fbf hLjg latfpg rfxG5g\ .
dfcf]jfbL ;}Go sdf08/af6 ;]gfn] dxŒjk"0f{
;"rgf xft kf/]sf] 5 . P;6LPkmsf] ¿kdf k"jL{
t/fO{sf zx/ahf/df ;d]t ;lqmo dfcf]jfbLsf] d]rL–sf]zL c7f/f}F
a6flnog, …8LÚ sDkgLdf clxn] !^) hlt 5fkfdf/, Ps–Ps
j6f Ps]–$&, P;PdhL / OG;f;, b'O{–b'O{ j6f P;Pncf/
/ k]:tf]n tyf !$ j6f y|L g6 y|L /fOkmn /x]sf] hfgsf/L ;]gfn] kfPsf]
5 .
kf6L{sf g]tf sfo{stf{ dfl/g], kqmfp kg]{ / knfog x'g]
qmd a9]kl5 bz}Fcl3 k"jL{ kxf8L If]qdf dfcf]jfbL cWoIf k|r08s}
pkl:yltdf ;DkGg e]nfn] lhNnf txsf g]tf / Pl/of OGrfh{ tyf hg;]gfsf
sdf08/x¿df kl/jt{g u/]sf] 5 . klxnf] r/0fdf d]rL–sf]zLsf
gf} lhNnfdf ul/Psf] of] kl/jt{gsf] qmddf k|To]s lhNnfdf sfo{/t s]Gb|Lo
;b:ox¿df ;d]t km]/abn ul/Psf] / lhNnf:t/Lo g]tfx¿nfO{
;}GozlQm dha"t kfg]{ lhDd]jf/L ;d]t lbOPsf] 5 . s]Gb|Lo
;b:ox¿ lbg]z zdf{ …;fu/Ú, …/fh]Gb|Ú
/ …k|jL0fÚ nfO{ qmdzM df]/ª, ‰fkf / ;'g;/Lsf]
lhDd]jf/L lbOPsf] atfOPsf] 5 . o;cl3 ;'g;/Ldf sfo{/t …lzvfÚ
nfO{ ;'g;/L / df]/ªsf] OGrfh{ agfOPsf] 5 .
l;lnu'8Ldf cfˆgf Ps jl/i7 g]tf Pj+ kf]ln6Ao'/f]
;b:o df]xg j}B …ls/0fÚ kqmfp k/]kl5 k"jL{ If]qdf
dfcf]jfbLn] Pskl5 csf]{ Iflt a]xf]g'{ kl//x]sf] 5 . j}Bsf 7fpFdf
/fdaxfb'/ yfkf …afbnÚ n] k"jL{ sdf08 ;DxfNg yfn]klg
s'g} k|ult ePsf] 5}g . l;/fxfsf] nIdLk'/, wG5jf/df dfcf]jfbL
hg;]gf 5}7f}F la|u]8sf sld;f/ tyf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o z]/dfg s'Fj/ …ljzfnÚ
/ j}slNks s]Gb|Lo ;b:o df]xgrGb| uf}td …s'df/Ú dfl/Pkl5
o; If]qsf dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{ lzlyn x'Fb} uPsf 5g\ .
ptf dfcf]jfbL a9]sf lgx'Fdf ;]gfn] cfkm"nfO{
;zQm agfpFb} nu]sf] 5 . k"jL{ If]qsf @$ lhNnfsf] ;'/Iff
x]g]{ k"jL{ k[tgf x]8Sjf6{/ O6x/LcGtu{t clxn] !@ xhf/ ;}lgs
5g\ / of] ;ª\Vof rfF8} g} !% xhf/ k'Ug] k[tgfklt k|lbkk|tfk
ad dNn atfpF5g\ . pgL eG5g\, ækGw| xhf/ t ;}lgsx¿
dfq x'g\ . o'lgkmfO{8 sdf08df cnUu} b'O{ xhf/ 5g\ . lat]sf]
!^ dlxgfdf #^ j6f gofF ;'/Iff kf]i6 ylkPsf] 5 / o'lgkmfO{8 sdf08
/xg] c¿ @) j6f ;'/Iff kf]i6 yKg] sfd eO/x]sf] 5 .Æ
w/fgdf 8Da/s[i0f >]i7,
jL/u~hdf rGb|lszf]/, sf7df8f}Fdf /fdk|;fb k'8f;}gL / c3f{vfFrLdf
lji0f'k|;fb l3ld/] .
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