;dfrf/÷;+If]k
3/sf] …dfgf]Ú
c¿sf] ;]jf
;+;f/} :jfyL{ ePsf] u'gf;f] ul/g] ;dfhdf %)
xhf/ g]kfnL dlxnf 3/sf] dfgf] vfP/ c¿sf] ;]jfdf vl6Psf 5g\ .
bf]nvf, af]r–!
7"nLgfFuLsL $) jifL{of tf/f 9sfn km'§L sdfO gePklg !)
jif{b]lv dlxnf :jf:Yo :j+o;]ljsfsf] ¿kdf :jf:Yo ;Nnfx–;xof]u
lbg 3/–3/ wfpFl5g\ . tf/f 9sfnsf] h:t} 5 b]ze/sf s/La
%) xhf/ dlxnf :jf:Yo :jo+;]ljsfsf] lbgrof{, h'g g]kfnsf lghfdtL
sd{rf/Lsf] s'n ;ª\Vofsf] ‰08} cfwf x'g cfpF5 .
u|fdL0f :jf:Yosf] lglDt ;/sf/ klg log} :jo+;]ljsfx¿df
lge{/ 5 . :jf:Yo ljefu, kl/jf/ :jf:Yo dxfzfvfsf lgb]{zs 8f=
lzjzÍ/ ‰f eG5g\, æufpF–ufpFsf] :jf:Yo ;d:of
sfof{no;Dd k'¥ofpg] oL :jo+;]ljsfx¿ :jf:Yo If]qsf d]?b08
g} x'g\ . tna vfP/ sfd gug]{ xfdL sd{rf/Lsf] t'ngfdf pgLx¿sf]
nufgL ;fFlRrs} k|z+;gLo 5 .Æ :jf:Yo If]qdf sfd ul//x]sf
;/sf/L sd{rf/Lsf] ;ª\Vof dfq} s/La #) xhf/ 5 .
g]kfndf ;aeGbf klxn] @)!(–@) ;fnlt/ cf}nf] pGd"ng
sfo{qmddf :jo+;]jL kl/rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . 3/–3/df :jf:Yo
;'ljwf k'¥ofpg @)$%–$^ ;fnaf6 nfu' ul/Psf] dlxnf :jf:Yo
:j+o;]ljsf sfo{qmd To;}sf] ;'wfl/Psf] ?k xf] . @)#@–##
;fnlt/ ;fd'bflos :jf:Yosf] cu'jfsf ¿kdf k'?ifx¿nfO{
:jo+;]jssf] lhDd]jf/L lbOPsf] lyof] . æt/, k'?ifx¿
ufpF g8'Ng] ePsfn] sfo{qmd ;kmn x'g ;s]g .Æ lhNnf :jf:Yo
sfof{no bf]nvfsf jl/i7 hg:jf:Yo clws[t r"8fdl0f e08f/L eG5g\,
æTof] lhDd]jf/L dlxnfnfO{ lbPkl5 sfo{qmd ;kmn ePsf] 5 .Æ
o; sfo{qmd cGtu{t k|To]s j8fsf] cfdf ;d"xaf6 sDtLdf Ps / hg;ª\Vofsf]
cg'kftdf cGo yk dlxnf :jf:Yo :jo+;]ljsf 5gf}6 u/L :jf:Yo;DaGwL cfwf/e"t
tflnd lbOG5 / pgLx¿ :jo+;]jL cleofgdf ;dfj]z x'G5g\ .
ljleGg r/0fdf b]zJofkL ;~rflnt bfb'/f lj?4sf] vf]k
sfo{qmdsf] va/ 3/3/} k'¥ofpg] lhDd]jf/L klg dlxnf :jf:Yo :jo+;]ljsfn]
g} lgjf{x ul//x]sf 5g\ . cfˆgf] j8fsf ^@ 3/w'/LnfO{ lgdGq0ff
kq k'¥ofP/ cfPsL eL/sf]6sL :jo+;]ljsf g/dfof s]=;L= elG5g\,
ælsg vf]k nufO/xg' k¥of] eg]/ cfpg gdfGg]x¿nfO{
;D‰fpg' klg k5{ .Æ
a]nfavt ;~rfng x'g] :jf:Yo cleofgdf ;3fpg'afx]s pgLx¿
3/3/ uO{ kl/jf/ lgof]hgsf pkfo / k|hgg :jf:Yoaf/] klg ;Nnfx lbG5g\ .
aRrfnfO{ slxn], sxfF, s'g vf]k nufpg], l;sfpF5g\ . /f]usf]
k|sf]k / kf]if0faf/] hfgsf/L lbg, hLjghn agfpg l;sfpg, le6fldg …PÚ
v'jfpg cl3 ;g{'k5{ . ue{jtL / ;'Ts]/LnfO{ ;Nnfx lbg], cfdf
;d"xsf] a}7s a;fO :jf:Yo lzIff lbg] sfd klg pgLx¿s}
efudf kb{5 .
tflnd cjlwdf lbOg] b}lgs ;o ?k}ofF eQf afx]s pgLx¿n]
s'g} ;'ljwf kfpFb}gg\ . ævf]k sfo{qmdsf] va/ ubf{ xf];\
jf ;'Ts]/L jf ue{jtLnfO{ 3/3/df uP/ ;Nnfx lbFbf, xfdLn] s]xL kfpFb}gf}F .
ef]sef]s} klg lhDd]jf/L k"/f u/]sf 5f}FÆ, sfe|], kfFrvfn
uflj;–$ sf () 3/w'/L sfo{If]qdf kg]{ ;Ltf aflgofF atfpFl5g\ .
:jo+;]ljsfx¿sf] of]ubfgsf] sb/ ub}{ ;/sf/n] o; jif{b]lv !%
c;f]hdf dlxnf :jf:Yo :j+o;]ljsf lbj; dgfpg z'? u/]sf] 5 . lhNnf
txdf pTs[i6 :jo+;]ljsfnfO{ k'/:s[t ug{ yflnPsf] 5 .
:jo+;]jLx¿sf] d"NofÍg ub}{ /fli6«o
:jf:Yo lzIff ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ s]Gb|sf lgb]{zs afa'/fd sf]O/fnf
eG5g\, æ$( xhf/ :jo+;]ljsfn] Ps–Ps j6f s08d dfq afFl8lbP
dfq} klg ;/sf/sf] nIonfO{ 7"nf] ;xof]u k'U5 .Æ ;dfhdf
hgr]tgf a9fpg cfkm"x¿sf] 7"nf] e"ldsf /x]sf]
cg'ej :jo+;]jLx¿sf] klg 5 . eLd]Zj/ gu/kflnsf ds}af/LsL
:jo+;]jL x:ts'df/L e'h]n elG5g\, ævf]k eg]kl5 efUg vf]Hg]x¿
clxn] cfkm}F vf]k nufpg aRrf lnP/ cfpF5g\ .Æ
!^ jif{b]lv :jo+;]ljsfsf] ¿kdf sfd u/]/ slt
sdfpg'eof] < hjfkmdf bf]nvf eL/sf]6 uflj;sL nLnf s6'jfnn]
xfF:b} elgg\, æs'/} gu/fF}, k]G;g kfSg cfFl6;Sof] .Æ
l;Q}Fdf 3/3/ 8'n]/ c¿sf] ;]jf ug]{ sfd lhDdf lng'sf] sf/0f
af/] pgsf] hjfkm lyof], æcfdf ;d"xsfn] …t}F u/Ú
eg]/ lhDdf lbP . kmfObf geP klg wd{sf] sfd eg]/ yfn]F .Æ
^% jif{ k'u]sL eLd]Zj/ gkf ds}af/L, bf]nvfsL kfj{tL zfx klg ufpFdf
;a}nfO{ /fd|f] xf]nf eg]/ lhDd]jf/L lnPsf] atfpFl5g\ .
w]/} :j+o;]ljsfx¿n] r'Nxf]df ;Lldt cfˆgf]
e"ldsfnfO{ ufpF;Dd km}nfP/ JolQmTj ljsf;df pkof]u u/]sf 5g\ .
sfe|], kfFrvfn, tfdf3f6sL ljdnf bg'jf/ elG5g\, æc¿sf]
cufl8 af]Ng} nfh nfUYof] . dgsf] Tof] ;Íf]r x6]/ lxDdt
hfu]sf] 5 .Æ bf]nvfsL tf/f 9sfnnfO{ t pgs} kltn] …t}Fn]
s] hfg]sL 5;\ / a'4"Ú eGy] . ca pgn] To:tf] egfO
vfg'kb}{g . tf/f elG5g\, æufpFdf Psaft af]Ng ;lsFb}gYof] .
tflndaf6 w]/} s'/f l;lsof] . 3/ leq} a;]sf] eP s] kf] hfGy]F
/ ÛÆ jl/i7 hg:jf:Yo clws[t e08f/Lsf] cg'ejdf klg dlxnfx¿sf]
lglDt cfo>f]t g} gag] klg 5nkmn, e]63f6 / …PS;kf]h/Ú
ag]sf] 5, :jo+;]ljsf kb .
•
z/b s]=;L=
hUuf
clwu|x0f
afUn'ªdf v}nfa}nf
;]gfn] afUn'ª
ahf/df Aof/]s agfpg 6fpg Knflgª ePsf] !*@ /f]kgL hUuf clws/0f
ug{] tof/L u/]kl5 :yfgLo afl;Gbfx¿df v}nfa}nf dlRrPsf] 5 .
;]gfn] lhNnfsf] ;b/d'sfd afUn'ª ahf/df gofF zx/L
of]hgfcGtu{t Knl6Ë ul/Psf] !*@ /f]kgL hUuf rf/ r/0fdf clwu|x0f
ug{] tof/L u/L gfkhfFr u/]sf] 5 . ;f] hUufleq zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf]
v8\ubn u'Nd, lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] gofF sfof{no, wf}nflu/L ;fd'bflos
;|f]t ljsf; s]Gb| tyf ;':t dgl:ylt sNof0f ;+:yfsf] kSsL ejg, Go'
cf]ol;; Ps]8]dL -af]l8{ª :s"n_, wf}nflul/ c~rnsf] Ps dfq
cfFvf c:ktfn, tLg j6f pBf]u tyf bh{gf}+ kSsL 3/ kb{5g\, h;sf] clxn]sf]
ahf/ d"Nosf] cfwf/df d'cfAhf lbg] xf] eg] s/f]8f}F ?k}ofF kg{
cfpF5 . clws/0f ug{ l7Ss kfl/Psf] If]qleq afUn'ª–a'lt{jfª,
afUn'ª–hf]d;f]d / afUn'ª–DofUbL ;8s tyf gu/kflnsfn]
lgdf{0f ug]{ of]hgf u/]sf] a;kfs{ ;d]t kb{5 .
;]gfsf] of] of]hgf nfu" ePdf d'Vo ;8s5]pdf k|ltxft
?=@ nfv / lj:tfl/t ahf/ of]hgfleq k|ltxft ?=%) xhf/ xfn]/ 38]/L
lsgL 3/ agfpg] tof/L ul//x]sf ;of}F dflg;x¿ ;'s'Daf;L x'g]5g\ .
6fpg Knflgª ePsf] If]q leq clxn];Dd :yfgLo ahf/ d"No cg';f/
s/La ?=%) s/f]8 d"Nosf kfFr ;o 38]/L laqmL ePsf 5g\ .
:yfgLo bnaxfb'/ k'g eG5g\, æxftsf] b'O{ nfv ?k}ofF lt/]/ lsg]sf]
hUuf ;]gfn] clwu|x0f u/]/ /f]kgLsf] b/df k};f lbg] xf] eg] xfd|f]
pl7af;} x'G5 .Æ
hUuf clwu|x0f x'g nfu]sf] yfxf kfP/ :yfgLo afl;Gbfx¿
lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf] v8\ubn u'Nd tyf gfkL sfof{nodf
8]lnu]zg hfg] qmd z'? ePsf] 5 . :yfgLo afl;Gbf nfnrGb| /fhe08f/L
eG5g\, æ;]gfn] ljsNk x]/]sf 5f}F eg] klg To;sf] 5fF6sfF6 xfdLn]
b]v]sf 5}gf}+ .Æ afUn'ª ahf/ glhs} an]jfdf /x]sf]
k'/fgf] Po/kf]6{ If]q clxn] k|of]hgljxLg cj:yfdf 5 . :yfgLo
afl;Gbfx¿ zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfn] ;f]xL k'/fgf] Po/kf]6{sf] hUuf
cyjf afUn'ª ahf/sf] ;Lwf cufl8 /x]sf] kfª uflj;sf] vfnL
d}bfg k|of]u u/]x'g] ;'‰fj lbG5g\ . afUn'ª gu/kflnsfsf
k"j{ k|d'v Clif/fd zdf{ ljsNk x'Fbfx'Fb} ;]gfn] hgtfnfO{ b'vM
lbg' gx'g] atfpF5g\ .
v8\ubn u'Nd afUn'ªsf k|d'v cfgl;+x lai6 klg cGo
pko'Qm ljsNk e]l6Pdf ahf/ If]q clws/0f gug]{ atfpF5g\ . t/
leqleq} hUuf clws/0f ug{] qmd cl3 a9fOPsf] yfxf kfpg] :yfgLo afl;Gbf
;]gfsf] egfOdf 9'Ss 5}gg\ . a;kfs{ lgdf{0f ;ldltsf ;lrj tyf
k"j{ j8fWoIf w|'j s]=;L= eG5g\, æljsNk vf]h]sf] eg]/
hgtfnfO{ ‰'Sofpg] v]n dfq eO/x]sf] klg x'g;S5 .Æ
•
ljgf]b wf}nflul/
dfcf]jfbLn]
k};f kfP
cGgk"0f{ kbofqf ;'/lIft
cGgk"0f{ If]qsf]
kbofqfdf dx]Gb| k|s[lt ;+/If0f sf]if, cGgk"0f{ ;+/If0f If]q
cfof]hgfn] ‰}F uPsf] jif{b]lv dfcf]jfbLn] klg ljb]zL ko{6s;Fu
k};f c;"ln/x]sf 5g\ . o; jif{b]lv cª\u|]hL efiffd}
/l;b 5fk]/ of] k|lqmofnfO{ …c‰ Jojl:yt u/]sf]Ú
pgLx?sf] bfjL 5 .
cGgk"0f{ ;+/If0f If]qdf dfcf]jfbLsf] …du/ft ;/sf/Ú
n] DofUbLsf] 3f]/]kfgL tyf …td'jfg ;/sf/Ú n] sf:sLsf]
3fGb|'s, nfGb|'sdf k};f p7fpg] u/]sf 5g\ . du/ftn] k|lt ko{6s
?=!@ ;o jf !% cd]l/sL 8n/ tyf td'jfgn] k|ltlbg a;fOFdf ?=!)) sf
b/n] k};f lnG5g\ . s]xL lbgcl3 dfq cGGk"0f{ a];SofDk If]qsf]
kbofqf ;s]/ kf]v/f cfPsf ko{6g Joj;foL 6Lsf/fd ;fksf]6fsf cg';f/,
dfcf]jfbLn] 3f]/]kfgLdf ljleGg 7fpFdf r]skf]i6 v8f u/]/ /sd c;"Ng]
u/]sf] 5 . sltko cj:yfdf xf]6nd} uP/ klg k};f lnOG5 .
dfcf]jfbLx¿ o;/L p7fOPsf] k};fnfO{ …gofF hg;Qfsf] s/Ú
eG5g\ .
kbofqL l8SsL sfsL{sf] cg'ejdf dfcf]jfbLx¿n]
dfu] hlt s/ ltg]{ k};f gePsf] cj:yfdf 5'6 klg lbg] u/]sf 5g\ .
ev{/} !@ hgfsf] ;d"x lnO{ a];SofDk k'u]/ kmls{PsL l8SsL elG5g\,
ædfcf]jfbLnfO{ !) xhf/ ?k}ofF eGbf a9L /sd lbg'kg]{ lyof],
t/ !% ;od} s'/f ldNof] .Æ ko{6sx¿ klg ;'/lIft
x'g] cf;n] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ s/ a'‰fpg /fhL eP/} cGgk"0f{
If]qdf k|j]z ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . ca t 6«]lsª Ph]G;Ldfkm{t\
g} dfcf]jfbLsf] s/sf nflu ah]6 5'6\ofpg yflnPsf] 5 .
dfcf]jfbLn] ko{6snfO{ lgjf{w k|j]z lbg'sf] cy{ ko{6g
Joj;fosf] k|j4{g ug{ geP/ k};f kfpg] ePsf] sf/0fn] xf] . lsgls
dfcf]jfbLn] kf]v/fsf] lkm:6]n nh / j]ugf; l/;f]6{df lj:kmf]6 u/fPsf
tyf 3fGb|'ssf] 6fOu/ 6k xf]6ndf ko{6g Joj;foLsf] xTof u/]sf pbfx/0fx?
tfh} 5g\ .
k};fs} nf]edf eP klg dfcf]jfbLn] cGgk"0f{ ;+/If0f
If]qsf] kbofqfsf] hf]lvd Go"g kfl/lbPsf 5g\ . h;sf sf/0f
cGgk"0f{ If]qsf] kbofqf ug{] ko{6ssf] ;ª\Vof lbgx'F a9\b}
uPsf] 5 . clxn] b}lgs b'O{ ;o ko{6s ;f] If]qdf k|j]z ug{] u5{g\ .
ut jif{ $) xhf/ kbofqL cfPsf]df clxn] Tof] ;ª\Vof s]xL a9\g]
cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 . ko{6ss} rfksf sf/0f ;f] If]qsf xf]6n Joj;foLn]
cfˆgf] /]6 @% k|ltzt a9fPsf 5g\ .
•
/d]z kf}8]n, kf]v/f
sfof{nod} sfh–lqmof
lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no,
¿kGb]xL -a'6an_ df sfo{/t uf]vf{, tfv|'sf]6–@, efN8'sf
k|x/L xjNbf/ h'7] cf]dufO+{ -tl:a/_ sfof{nosf] sf]7fd} afa'sf] lsl/of
a;]sf 5g\ .
^* jif{sf lktf 8Da/axfb'/ cf]dufO{+sf] !* sflQsdf
lgwg ePsf] va/ kfPkl5 pgL ef]lnkN6} Hofg hf]lvddf /fv]/ eP klg 3/hfg
lxF8]sf lyP . t/ uf]/vfdf ;'/Iffkmf}h / dfcf]jfbLaLr le8Gt
ePsf] va/ ;'g]/ aLr af6f]af6} kmls{P . cf]dufO{+ eG5g\, ærf/
jif{cl3 3/ hfFbf dfcf]jfbLn] hflu/ 5f8\g wDsL lbPsf lyP . a'afsf]
d[To' x'Fbf;d]t hfg kfOPg .Æ
To;} u/L Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no, n'lDagLsf k|x/L ;xfos
lg/LIfs 3gZofd k/fh'nL klg ?kGb]xLsf] klZrd cd'jf–! l:yt 3/df
a:bf dfcf]jfbLn]] ckx/0f ug]{ 8/n] sfof{nod} a;]/ sfhlqmof ul//x]sf
5g\ .
•
ofg]Gb| hL=;L=, a'6jn.
hUuf sf/f]af/ 7Kk
dfcf]jfbL eft[
;Ë7g clvn g]kfn ls;fg ;+3 -qmflGtsf/L_ sf] Pp6f lj1lKtsf e/df
‰fkfdf ebf}sf] clGtd ;ftfb]lv hUuf;DaGwL ;/sf/L sfdsfh 7Kk
5 . ;w}F eL8–ef8 x'g] eb|k'/ / bdssf dfnkf]t sfof{nox¿
lxhf]cfh v'n] klg ;'g;fg b]lvG5g\ . lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{non]
oL sfof{nox¿sf] sfddf s'g} cj/f]w gePsf] bfaL u/]sf] 5 .
sfof{nosf Ps clwsf/L eG5g\, æsfd /f]lsPsf] 5}g, hgtf cfkm}F
8/fP/ cfpFb}gg\ .Æ
dfcf]jfbL wDsLsf] sf/0f s'g} ;/sf/L sfof{no, ltgdf
klg e"ld k|zf;gh:tf] cTolws hg;Dks{ x'g] sfof{nosf] sfdsfh
olt nfdf] ;do;Dd cj?4 ePsf] ;DejtM of] klxnf] 36gf x'g'kb{5 .
dfcf]jfbLn] hUuf a]rlavg, kf;, gfd;f/L, b[li6aGws cflb a9\b} hfFbf
u/La hgtfdf C0fsf] ef/ ‰g\ ylkPsf] / pgLx¿ e"ldxLg
aGb} uPsfn] /f]Sg'k/]sf] hgfPsf 5g\ .
g]kfn dfgjclwsf/ ;Ë7g, g]kfn n]vfk9L Joj;foL
;+3nufot ‰fkfsf Ps bh{g ;fdflhs ;+3;+:yfx¿n] of] cj/f]w
x6fpg ;Da4 ;a} kIfnfO{ cg'/f]w u/]sf 5g\ .
•
lji0f' ;'Aaf, bds
jgdf klg ;]gfsf] cfFvf
zfxL g]kfnL
;]gfsf] !( gDa/ aflxgLn] t'n;Lk'/ gu/kflnsf, j8f g+=@ df :yfoL Jof/]s
/fVg :yfgLo ufbLa/fx, >Lu0f]z, u}/fvfnL, xl/ofnL / v'h'jf/fgL
;fd'bflos jgsf] hUuf clwu|x0f ug]{ k|lqmof yfn]kl5 jg pkef]Qmfx¿df
eo / lrGtf 5fPsf] 5 . cfkm"x¿n] s8f d]xgt / kl;gf
r'xfP/ jiff}{F cl3b]lv x'sf{Psf] ;fd'bflos jg ;lhn};Fu ;]gfnfO{
lbg pgLx¿ tof/ 5}gg\ . ;]gfsf] aflxgL a;]df @!^ x]S6/sf]
ufbLa/fx ;fd'bflossf] clwsf+z efu / c¿ jgsf s]xL efu kg]{5g\ .
lj=;= @)%) ;fn;Dd gfª\uf 8fF8fsf] ¿kdf
/x]sf] o; If]qnfO{ pkef]Qmfx¿n] s8f d]xgt / kl/>d u/L
bz jif{leq} x/fe/f hËndf kl/0ft u/fPsf x'g\ . jg ;+/If0fsf]
qmddf kfFr jif{cl3 sf7 t:s/x¿n] :yfgLo %% jlif{of v'dfb]jL
vqLsf] xTof ;d]t u/]sf lyP . uPsf] jif{ ;fpgdf aflxgL :yfkgfsf
nflu hUuf dfu ;lxtsf] hfgsf/L kq kfPkl5 ljvnaGbdf kb}{ cfPsf ufbLa/fx
jg pkef]Qmf ;d"xsf pkef]Qmfx¿n] TolQ g} a]nf u}/sfg"gL
¿kn] ;fd'bflos jg x8Kg kfOFb}g eGb} ;/sf/;dIf 1fkg kq a'‰fP/
tLa| lj/f]w hgfPsf lyP . t/ oxL ebf}sf] clGtd ;ftfb]lv pkef]Qmf
;d"xnfO{ yfx} glbO{ ;]gfn] jgsf] ;e]{ u/]sf] / ¿vdf
6fFrf nufpg] sfd u/]sf] ufbLa/fx ;fd'bflos jgsf ;lrj nf]sdl0f uf}td
atfpF5g\ . pgsf cg';f/ ;fd'bflos jgnfO{ Jof/]s agfPdf oL jgsf
xhf/f}F 3/kl/jf/ jghËn pkof]u ug{af6 al~rt x'g]5g\ . ;]gfn]
ufbLa/fx glhs}sf ;'gf}nLk'/ / gofFa:tLsf @^ 3/df ;d]t gDal/ª
u/]sf] 5, h;cg';f/ oL ufpFsf ‰08} @%) eGbf a9L afl;Gbf lj:yflkt
x'g afWo x'g]5g\ . ;]gfn] gDal/ª u/]/ uPkl5 pgLx¿
/fd|/L lgbfpg ;d]t 5f]8]sf 5g\ . …jiff}{Fb]lv a;f]af;
ub}{ cfO/x]sf] cfˆgf] ufpF 7fpF s;/L 5f]8f}F <Æ
^! jifL{o ltnaxfb'/ 3tL{n] b'Mv];f] kf]Vb} eg] .
lhNnf jg sfof{no bfªn] klg ;]gfsf] ;fd'bflos
jg x8Kg] k|of;k|lt uDeL/ c;xdlt hgfPsf] 5 . lhNnf jg clws[t
dfwj cfrfo{sf cg';f/ lhNnf jgn] ut h]7d} To:tf] sfo{ u}/sfg'gL x'g]
/fo lbPsf] 5 . aflxgLklt /fdaxfb'/ u'?ª cfkm"x¿
pkef]Qmf ;d"xx¿;Fusf] ;dGjo / ;xdlt lnP/ aflxgL :yfkgf
ug]{ kIfdf /x]sf] / To;kl5 klg ;fd'bflos jg leqsf jgk}bfj/nfO{ s'g}
xflg gf]S;fgL gug]{ bfaL u5{g\ .
•
;fu/ kl08t
nfx'/]sf] :s"n
xªsª, a|'gfO{,
l;Ëfk'/ / ef/tLo ;]gfdf sfo{/t tyf cjsfz k|fKt nfx'/]x¿n]
@)%# ;fnb]lv bfªdf :t/Lo :s"n rnfP/ cfˆgf] lzIffk|]d
k|bz{g u/]sf 5g\ .
/fhwfgLsf ;'ljwf;DkGg :s"nx¿;Fu t'ngf
ug{ ;lsg] ef}lts / z}lIfs ;'ljwf ePsf] uf]vf{ O06/Gofzgn klAns :s"ndf
k|foM nfx'/] k[i7e"lds} JolQm ;+nUg 5g\ . ;~rfns ;ldltsf
pkfWoIf hËaxfb'/ k'g ljBfnon] 3f]sGt] lstfaL 1fgeGbf Jofjxfl/s
lzIffdf hf]8 lbPsf] :ki6 ub}{ eG5g\, æsDKo'6/, df;{n cf6{;\,
gfrufg, v]ns'b, l;nfO{a'gfO{ h:tf ;[hgzLn ljwfsf ;fy} ekf{O{ n]Vg;Dd
l;sfpF5f}F . xfdL oxfFaf6 lg:sg] ljBfyL{n] k|df0fkq;Fu} ljZje/
P8h:6 x'g;Sg] ;Lk lnP/ hfg ;s"g\ eGg] rfxG5f}F .Æ
la|l6z ;]gfdf etL{ ePsf s]xL o'jfx¿n] a]nfotsf] lzIffaf6
k|efljt eP/ o;df xft xfn]sf] atfpFb} k'g yK5g\, æxfd|f ;dsIfL
a]nfotL o'jfx¿ k|fljlws 1fgdf lgs} l;kfn' x'Gy], xfdL k9]n]v]sfx¿
jfNn kYof}{F . ToxL Ovn] / xfd|f ;Gtfgn] b'Mv gkfpg\ eg]/ of]
ljBfno :yfkgf u¥of}F .Æ
?=$ s/f]8eGbf a9Lsf] nufgLdf rf/ lj3f hldgdf vf]lnPsf]
o; :s"ndf ^%) ljBfyL{ cWoog u5{g\ . /fKtL c~rnsf ;a} lhNnfsf
ljBfyL{ k9\g] ljBfnodf ?kGb]xL, afFs] / bf]nvfsf ljBfyL{x¿
klg 5g\ . k|frfo{ gjnlszf]/ 3tL{ eG5g\, æljBfnoaf/] ;'g]/
b]zsf ljleGg 7fpFaf6 ljBfyL{x¿ cfpg] qmd a9]sf] 5 .Æ
e/v/} lj1fgdf …!)±@Ú sf] k9fO z'? u/]sf] uf]vf{
OG6/Gofzgn :s"ndf c¿sf] t'ngfdf ljBfyL{ z'Ns sd} /x]sf]
k|frfo{ 3tL{sf] bfaL 5 . æTo;dfly ljleGg 5fqj[lQ of]hgfcGtu{t
/fKtLsf kfFr} lhNnfaf6 pTs[i6 cÍ Nofpg], blnt–hghflt,
ckfË / e"k" ;}lgssf 6'x'/f aRrf tyf sIffdf k|yd x'g]
ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ lgMz'Ns k9fpg] u/]sf 5f}F,Æ pgL eG5g\ .
ljBfno ;~rfnsx¿ a]nfavt dfcf]jfbL / k|zf;gn]
lbg] b'Mv / …nfx'/]n] rnfPsf]Ú egL ;fDk|bflostfsf]
cf/f]k nufP/ xtf]T;flxt ug{ vf]Hg]x¿sf] k|of;af6 s]xL lrlGtt\
5g\ . æslxn] dfcf]jfbLn] ljb]zsf] ;Lk cfGbf]ngnfO{ lbg'k¥of]
eg]/ dfgl;s oftgf lbG5g\ eg] slxn] ;]gfn] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ cf>o
lbPsf] egL cgfjZos b'Mv lbG5,Æ pkfWoIf k'g eG5g\, æt/
klg xfdLn] xf/ dfg]sf 5}gf}F .Æ
•
h]=aL=k'g du/, bfª
afn>ldssf] cf]O/f]
ef/tdf clxn]
dfcf]jfbL o'4 k|efljt g]kfnL afn>ldsx¿sf] cf]O/f] nfu]sf]
5 . pgLx¿ xf]6n, Uof/]h, sjf8vfgfdf Go"g:t/sf]
sfdbf/b]lv 3/]n' gf]s/;Dd aG5g\ / ;fx|} sd k};f clg bogLo cj:yfdf
lbgsf] !@ b]lv !* 306f;Dd sfd u5{g\ .
dfcf]jfbLn] ;}Go cleofgdf nfUg pbL{ u/]sfn] kl/jf/
/ k9fO 5f]8]/ 88]Nw'/faf6 cfPsf !^ jifL{o k|sfz t pQ/k|b]zsf] d]/7df
!*–!* 306f d/Ld/L efF8f df´bf klg s]xL kfpFb}gg\, t}klg
Ps jif{kl5 ToxL xf]6ndf s's aGg kfOg] cfzdf sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ .
g]kfndf dfcf]jfbL ;d:of rls{Fb} uPkl5 ef/tLox¿n] g]kfnLnfO{
s;}sf] l;kmfl/;df dfq /fVg yfn]sfn] sfd nufOlbg] …bfOÚ
n] Ps jif{sf] tna clu|d lnOlbPsfn] pgL vfnL xft sfd ug{ afWo ePsf
x'g\ .
dfcf]jfbL / ;/sf/n] bz}Fdf u/]sf] ;ftlbg] o'4lj/fdsf]
s]xL v's'nf] jftfj/0fdf lxF8\bf Hofg hf]lug] b]v]/ b}nf]g]/} cfOk'u]sf]
bz}+ 5f8L ‰g\ w]/} dflg; ef/t k;] . lkyf}/fu9, wf/r'nf,
/D;fn, nf]xf3f6, tfdnL, 6gsk'/ / jgaf;f gfsfx¿df b]lvPsf
xhf/f}F dflg;dWo] ljBfyL{x¿ klg w]/} lyP . dfcf]jfbLn]
uPsf] jif{b]lv ufpFaf6 s]6fs]6Lx¿nfO{ n}hfg] / a]kQf kfg]{
qmd tLa| kf/]sfn] ljBfyL{x¿ knfog ePsf x'g\ . a}t8Lsf]
dl0fn]s pRr dfljdf !) sIffdf k9\g] s]zjnfO{ 3/ 5f]8\g' k/]sf] eGbf
klg k9\g gkfPsf]df b'Mv nfu]sf] 5 . pgL kfP d]/7d} sfd ub}{
k9\g rfxG5g\ . 88]Nw'/f, ?kfnaf6 cfPsf uf]kfn eG5g\, ædfcf]jfbLx¿n]
k9\g t lbPgg\ g}, ufpF g5f8\g] r]tfjgL ;d]t lbPkl5 efUg s/ nfUof] .
;b/d'sfd jf cGt a;]/ k9\g] cfly{s cj:yf gePsf]n] otf cfpg' k¥of] .Æ
g]kfnaf6 ef/tdf sfd ug{ slt dfG5] cfpF5g\ eGg] tYofª\s
s;};Fu 5}g . d]/7sf] u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf afn p4f/ ;d"x -;L;LhL_
n] afn>ldsx¿sf] ljj/0f /fVg] u/]sf]n] g]kfnaf6 d]/7df
cfPsf afnaflnsfsf] tYofÍ eg] pknAw 5 . ;L;LhLn] xfn}
u/]sf] ;j]{If0fn] ;g\ @))) b]lv @))# ;Dddf d]/7df @% ;o eGbf a9L
g]kfnL sfdbf/ cfPsf / tLdWo] !^ jif{d'lgsf afnalnsfx¿ s/La
gf} ;o ePsf] b]vfPsf] 5 . jif]{gL Ps–8]9 ;osf] ;ª\Vofdf
cfpg] s]6fs]6Lx¿ kl5Nnf] jif{ -@))#_ ‰08} kfFr ;o k'u]sf
lyP . ;j]{If0fn] g;d]6]sf] @))$ hgj/L otfsf gf} dlxgfdf c¿
kfFr ;o ylkPsf 5g\ . ;L;LhLsL cWoIf ntfb]jL ltjf/L elG5g\,
ækl5Nnf] ;do of] ;ª\Vof c‰ 8/nfUbf] u/L a9\g yfn]sf]
5 .Æ ;L;LhLsf ;+of]hs ef]nfgfy låj]bL cfˆgf]
;Ë7gn] 3/]n' gf]s/sf] ¿kdf sfd ug]{ g]kfnL afnaflnsfx¿nfO{
:yfgLo ;/sf/L ljBfnodf egf{ u/fpg] / pgLx¿sf] sfd ug]{ ;do
^ 306fdf ‰fg]{ k|of; ul//x]sf] atfpF5g\ .
•
/fh]Gb| kGt, d]/7df
|
