g]kfnL
;ËLt÷ljZn]if0f
cfjfhaf6 Wjlglt/
nf]s–/s, cfw'lgs / kk x'Fb} g]kfnL ;ËLtsf]
:t/, ljwf / If]q lj:tf/ x'Fb}5 . /, k/Dk/fut ;"/tfnnfO{ cfw'lgs
jfBoGqsf ljljw Wjlgdfkm{t\ gofF ld7f; lbg] ;fËLlts l;h{gfx¿n]
;j{q k|z+;f kfO/x]sf 5g\ .
•
cg'k kxf8L
cg'k k|sfz |
| ;fdflhs cleofgdf g]kYo . |
lat]sf b'O{
bzsdf g]kfnL ;ËLt hutdf qmflGt cfPsf] 5 . zxl/of l76fl76L,
nfx'/]sf 5f]/f5f]/L / ufpFn] o'jfn] zx/ahf/df cfP/ klZrdf jfBjfbgsf
;fwg k|of]u ub}{ cf–cfˆgf] ;[hgzLntfnfO{ pbf/ / kl/is[t
agfpg'sf ;fy} nf]s;ËLt /dfOnf] dfq xf]Og, ahf/df ;kmn klg x'G5
eGg] s'/f rfn kfPsf 5g\, h'g s'df/ a:g]tn] ‰08} %) jif{cl3
a'‰]sf lyP .
s'g} ;do sf7df8f}F pkTosfsf s]xL lszf]/x¿sf]
dfq} k]jf lyof]– lutf/, lsaf]8{ / 8«d . ;g\ ^)
/ &) sf] bzsdf lutf/ ‰'08\ofpFb} lxF8\g] oL s]6fx¿
/]l8of] g]kfn ;'g]/ b]zsf ljleGg c~rn / lhNnfsf] ;ËLt;Fu s]xL
xb;Dd kl/lrt eP klg la6N;\sf] /s P08 /f]n ufpFb} x]eL d]6n /sdf
ldl;g ?rfpFy] . Tolta]nf bfhL{lnË] o'jfx¿ df}lns
g]kfnL ufogsf] :jfb lnGy] eg] sf7df8f}Fdf klZrdf /s Aof08sf] ks8
lyof] . To;a]nfsf pkTosfsf lu6fl/i6 / 8«d/x¿nfO{
g /f]bLsf] 1fg lyof] g b]p8fsf] . dWoklZrd kxf8sf] nf]slk|o
´ofp/] z}nLnfO{ sf7df8f}Fn] k6\of/nfUbf] 7fGbYof] .
nf]s;ËLtnfO{ zxl/ofsf sfgdf kfg]{ sfd ;g\ !(%)
sf] bzssf] cGTolt/ wd{/fh yfkf, ‰nsdfg uGwj{ / s'df/ a:g]th:tf
cu|h ufosx¿n] u/]sf x'g\ . Ps e]usf hgtfnfO{ csf]{ e]usf]
;ËLt ;'Gg] cj;/ /]l8of] g]kfnn] klg pknAw u/fof] . ;do
laTb} uof] / k|]d/fhf dxt h:tf lhNnfaf6 cfPsf gofF k':tfsf snfsf/n]
nf]s;ËLtnfO{ ahf/d'vL agfpg of]ubfg u/] . t/ g]kfnL nf]sdf
klZrdf jfBjfbg ;kmntfk"j{s 3';fpg] rflxF klxnf] k':tfsf s'df/
a:g]t g} x'g\ .
jf:tljs nf]s;+:s[ltdf x'ls{Psf, ufpF / lhNnfsf :yfgLo
;ËLtaf6 k|efljt o'jfkL9Ln] hlta]nf klZrdf ljB'tLo oGqx¿
xft kf/], qmflGtsf] ;'?cft ToxL ;dob]lv ePsf] xf] . df}lns
g]kfnL cfw'lgs ufogsf] k|f/De Tolta]nf eof], ha Aof08x¿n]
c¿sf] gSsn gu/L cfˆg} ufgf /Rg yfn] . Pp6f pTs[i6
gd"gf lyof]– xËsËsf] …b lxdfnog Aof08Ú
sf] k|:t'lt d';'d';' xfF;L b]pm, hf] cfh klg TolQs} nf]slk|o 5 .
!(*) sf] bzssf] dWolt/ sf7df8f}Fsf Aof08x¿ klg klZrdf uLt–;ËLt
;fg'{ jf gSsn ug'{sf] ;§f g]kfnL nf]s;ËLtnfO{ cfwf/ agfP/
cufl8 a9\g yfn]kl5 …g]kfnL nf]s–/sÚ elgg] k|efjzfnL
ljwfsf] hGd eof], h;n] ufpF;Fu s'g} g s'g} gftf ufFl;Psf] o'jf ju{nfO{
t'?Gt} tflgxfNof] .
cfh Ps;]Ps cfw'lgs ;ËLt /Rg] Aof08n] klg cfˆgf]
k|:t'ltsf] s]xL c+z nf]s;ËLtdf cfwfl/t agfPsf 5g\ . w]/}
t k|of; ubf{ub}{ klg ;]nf] cyjf ´ofp/]nfO{ /fd|f];Fu a'´g
g;s]/ c;kmn klg 5g\ . t/, g]kYo of !(&$ P8L ;d"xx¿sf]
nf]s–/s eg] g]kfnsf ljleGg If]q / ;d'bfox¿ aLrsf] ;Ldf
Pj+ /fli6«o / ;f+:s[lts /]vf gf3]/ ljZj ;ËLt -jN8{ Do"lhs_
s} cË aGg ;Sg] :t/sf] x'g k'u]sf] 5 .
ljZj ;ËLt
ljZj ;ËLt eg]sf] Ps lsl;dsf] ld>0f -ˆo"hg_ xf],
h;df ljZje/sf hg;d'bfox¿sf ;fËLlts ;DkbfnfO{ o;/L …l/Kofs]hÚ
ul/Psf] x'G5 ls Tof] htftt} km}lnFb} hfG5 . g]kfndf cg]sf}F
To:tf ;fËLlts ;Dkbfx¿ 5g\\, hf] blIf0f Plzofel/ / ;d'Gb|kf/
klg km}lng ;S5g\ . ;]nf] / r'6\sf, b]p8f, ;f]/7L / lwd], 9f]ns
/ k~r]afhfdf cfwfl/t ;ËLt o;sf s]xL pbfx/0f x'g\ . o:tf
:yfgLo ;fËLlts ;Dkbfsf] e/df /lrPsf df}lns / dgf]/~hgfTds k|:t'lt
g} g]kfnL ;ËLtsf] ljsf;df ;a}eGbf ;kmn k|of]u aGg k'u]sf] xfdL
kfpF5f}F . pQ/ / klZrd clk|msfdf o:tf] ljZj ;ËLtsf] …6«]08Ú
z'? ePsf] cfwf ztfAbL eO;Sof] / o'/f]kLo ;+:s[ltn] klg o;nfO{ /fd|/L
cËLsf/ ul/;Sof] . To:t} :yfg cf]u6\g] qmddf 5 k~hfaL efª\u8f
klg . g]kfnsf :yfgLo nf]s ;ËLtn] klg o;}u/L ljZjsf] Kof;
d]6\g] ;fËLlts ;f}uft lbg ;S5g\, / o;sf] ;'?cft g]kYosf] …e]8fsf]
pmg h:tf]Ú cNadn] ug{ ;S5 .
cfhsf gofF Aof08x¿sf] rrf{ ubf{ oxfF lkofgf],
lutf/, …a|f; / O:6«"d]06Ú, efof]lng / Dof08f]lng
h:tf u}/–g]kfnL jfBoGqx¿ ltgn] leœofPsf xf]Ogg\
eGg] s'/f la;{g''x'Gg . ;g\ !(%) sf] bzslt/ o:tf oGqx¿
leœofpg] >]o cDa/ u'?ª, gfltsfhL, s'df/ a:g]t, uf]kfn
of]~hg, aRr' s}nfz, dbg kl/of/, lzjzÍ/, gf/fo0fuf]kfn, bLk
>]i7 cflb g]kfnL ;ËLt hutsf gIfqnfO{ hfG5 . o;n] Tolta]n}
g]kfnL nf]s;ËLtnfO{ t 5f]Pg, t/ sf7df8f}F pkTosf, kxf8–dw]z,
bfhL{lnª / w/fgsf] cfw'lgs ;ËLtnfO{ eg] 7"nf] k|efj
kf¥of] . of] kL9Ln] blIf0f Plzofsf] zf:qLo / xNsf–zf:qLo
;ËLtdf o'/f]k]nL …sf]8{n÷xfdf]{lgsÚ ;+:sf/nfO{
ld;fpFb} g]kfnL cfw'lgs ;ËLtsf] cfljisf/ g} ul/lbof] .
k"jL{o / kfZrfTo k/Dk/fsf] o:tf] d]ns} ;kmntf xf], cfh xfdL
g]kfnL cfw'lgs ;ËLtnfO{ k/Dk/fut ;fËLlts ;+:sf/sf] ¿kdf
lnG5f}F . g]kfnL cfw'lgs ;ËLt eg]sf] ;dsfnLg g]kfns} Pp6f
df}lns pTkfbg xf], h'g ljwfdf ljut, jt{dfg / eljiosf g]kfnLx¿n]
;Dks{ ug{;Sg] ;fËLlts / ;f+:s[lts efjx¿ ;lDdl>t 5g\ .
;ËLt alu/x]sf] gbL xf], h;nfO{ s'g} Ps 7fpFdf
pleP/ kl/eflift ug{ ldNb}g . t}klg g]kfnL cfw'lgs / kknfO{
kl/eflift ug]{ k|of; u/f}F . g]kfnL cfw'lgs ;ËLt eGgfn]
;g\ !(%) sf] bzsb]lv /]l8of] g]kfnn] k|;f/0f u/]sf] ;a} ;ËLtnfO{
dfGg ;lsG5, hf] k"j{jtL{ ljwf h:t} nf]s, ehg OToflbdf cfwfl/t
lyPgg\ . of] ljwf;Fu lgs6 of cw{ lgs6 ;DaGw /fVg] ;a} ;d;fdlos
;ËLtnfO{ klg g]kfnL cfw''lgs ;ËLtsf] ;+1f lbg ;lsG5 .
km/flsnf] lx;fan] eGg] xf] eg] ;a} nf]slk|o ;d;fdlos g]kfnL ;ËLtnfO{
…g]kfnL kkÚ klg eGg ldN5 . t/ of] ljZn]ifssf]
kl/efiffdf g]kfnL kk eg]sf] g]kfnL cfw'lgs ;ËLtsf] ;+:sf/;Fu
s]xL ;DaGw gePsf] cfhsf o'jfn] o'jfs} nflu k|:t't ug]{ ;ËLt
xf] . zfob o;} sf/0fn] g]kfnL kkdf u}/ blIf0f PlzofnL k|efj
kof{Kt kfOG5 .
g]kfnL cfw'lgs ;ËLtsf ;|i6fx¿ uf]kfn of]~hg,
cDa/ u'?ª of bLk >]i7n] kfZrfTo ;ËLtnfO{ o:tf] z}nLdf
9fn]/ leœofPsf x'G5g\ ls To;nfO{ ljb]zL jf :jb]zL eg]/ v'6\ofpg}
ufx|f] x'G5 . cfhsf GXo" ah|frfo{n] cfˆgf l;h{gfdf
g]kfnL cfw'lgs ;ËLt cGtu{t sDkf]h u/]sf eP klg pgsf] kk w"g
k"/} ;d;fdlos -sG6]Dkf]/]/L_ ;'lgG5 . To;}n] s'g g]kfnL
cfw'lgs / s'g g]kfnL kk s]nfpg kSs} klg ufx|f] 5 . o;/L 5'6\ofpg
g;lsg'nfO{ /fd|} klg dfGg'k5{ . s'GtL df]Qmfgsf b'O{ 5f]/L
zLtn / ;'jfgLsf] ufog k"/} ;d;fdlos of kk 9fFrfsf] 5 .
t/ klg To;df pgLx¿n] cGt/f / :yfoLsf] k|of]u u/]sf 5g\ .
nf]s–/s of g]kfnL kksf] s'/f ubf{ g]kYo of
!(&$ P8L h:tf ;d"xx¿n] g]kfnL ;ËLtnfO{ xNsf
agfOlbPsf 5g\ eGg] u'gf;f] klg ;'lgG5 . elgG5, logLx¿n]
;fËLlts ;LkeGbf jfBjfbg k|ljlw / :6]hsf] t8se8snfO{ a9L 7fpF
lbPsf 5g\ . xf], g]kfnL cfw'lgs of nf]suLtsf ufos klg ;a} /fd|f
5}gg\ . s}of}F ;L8L / Sof;]6x¿ glas]/ Do"lhs k;ndf
y'lk|/x]sf b]lvG5g\ . s}of}F sd;n Aof08x¿n] ˆo"hgsf]
c;kmn k|of]u u/]sf 5g\ eg] s]xL kf]Vt Aof08x¿n] z'4 …g]kfnL
cfjfhÚ ;'Gg kfOg] clt ;'Gb/ ;ËLt k|:t't u/]sf 5g\ .
pgLx¿ k/Dk/fut uf]/]6f] 5f8]/ otfptf nfu]sf x'g\ eg] To:tf]
sfd o;cl3sf ufos–;ËLtsf/x¿ uf]kfn of]~hg, cDa/
u'?ª, bLk >]i7 / zDe'hLt afF:sf]6f h:tf pj{/ ;fËLlts
k|ltefn] klg u/]s} x'g\ / ul//x]s} 5g\ .
cflv/ ;ËLtsf] d"NofÍg ubf{ s'g …ld;fj6Ú
/ s'g …z'4Ú egL klxNofpg'sf] ;f6f] s'g ;'Gbf /fd|f]
nfU5 / s'g ;'Gbf /fd|f] nfUb}g eGg] dx;"; ug'{ kb{5 .
cd]l/sL Hofh\sf k|Voft k|jt{s 8\o"s PlnË6g\n] eg] h:t},
æ;'Gbfv]l/ /fd|f] nfU5 eg] To;nfO{ /fd|} eGg' k¥of]=== .Æ
ufos, ;fws
/f0ffsfnsf] cGTokl5, ;g\ !(%) sf] bzsb]lv, cfw'lgs o'udf k|j]z u/]sf]
g]kfndf cfw'lgs ;ËLtsf] ;'?cft klg ToxLtfsf eof] . of]
;fËLlts, ;f+:s[lts ofqfsf] sf]z]9'Ëf ;ËLtsf] ;+;f/df
8'a'NsL dfg]{ ;|i6fx¿ g} x'g\ . pgLx¿sf] r]tgf,
cleJolQm, df}lnstf / k|:t'ltn] g} ;du| cfw'lgs o'usf] ;ËLtsf]
dxn 78\ofPsf] xf] . efUojz g]kfnL cfw'lgs ;ËLtsf z'?b]lv
g} ;dlk{t ;|i6f cDa/ u'?ª cfh klg g]kfnLx¿sf df‰df
5g\, / ;'lgG5 pgL ^^ jif{sf] pd]/df klg gofF cNadsf] tof/Ldf h'6]sf
5g\ .
 |
cDa/ u'?ªM cDa/ u'?ªnfO{
g]kfnL cfw'lgs ;ËLt cfGbf]ngsf dxfdfgj eGg ldN5 . ;Dk"0f{
ljwfnfO{ kl/eflift ug]{ ;ËLtsf/, …:6fOlni6Ú k|:t'tstf{
x'g\ pgL . ef]lnsf nflu ufpF5' eGg] ;d;fdlos ufosx¿n]
efj / ;Lksf] vfgL km]nf kg]{ u'?ªsf s[ltx¿nfO{ kms]{/
;'Gg' plrt x'G5 . ljleGg ;fËLlts ;+:sf/x¿nfO{ l;nfO
gb]lvg] u/L g]kfnL cfw'lgs uLtx¿df ld;fP/ k|:t't ug'{ pgsf]
ljz]iftf xf] . s;}n] pgnfO{ pTs[i6 ;ËLtsf/ t/ l7sl7s}sf]
ufos 7fGb5g\, h'g ;/f;/ unt d"NofÍg xf] . ;fwf/0f
k'?ifsf] h:tf] 5}g pgsf] :j/ . pgsf] ufogdf zAb / w"gsf]
pTs[i6 ldngn] d'6' 5'G5, dgdf t/Ë NofpF5 . :j/, sDkf]lhzg\
/ ufog tLg}sf] snfTds lgoGq0faf6 slxn] nx/ slxn] t/Ë, d b"/
eP/ s] ef] < of 8fF8fkfl/ lxpF k/]5 h:tf uLtx¿ pTkfbg
x'G5g\ .
cfw'lgs g]kfnL ;ËLtdf sDkf]lhzg\sf] dxŒj
a9L x'G5, To;kl5 dfq zAb rog / :j/sf] s'/f cfpF5 . hlQs} /fd|f]
zAb of :j/ eP klg /fd|f] ;ËLt gx'Fbf uLtnfO{ arfpg ;lsGg .
:j/;d|f6 gf/fo0fuf]kfnsf s]xL uLtx¿df ;d]t sDkf]lhzg\sf]
sdL kfOG5 . cDa/ u'?ªsf] v'aL eg]sf] cfˆgf] d]nf]8LnfO{
c;fWo} /fd|f] lnl/s -zAb_ n] l;+ufg{ / pko'Qm efj;lxt :j/ lbg ;Sg'
xf] . of] yfxf kfpg gf} nfv tf/f pbfP of d e"ndf k/]F
;'g] k'U5 . d]nf]8Lsf] hudf zAb / :j/nfO{ pEofpg ;kmn cDa/
u'?ª h:tf >i6f yf]/} 5g\ / ;D‰g'kbf{, uf]kfn of]~hgs}
gfd cufl8 cfpF5 .
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bLk >]i7M cDa/ u'?ª h:t}
g]kfnL cfw'lgs ;ËLtsf ;|i6f / ;fws x'g\ bLk >]i7 .
t'ngfTds ¿kdf ;/n sDkf]lhzg\af6 clt dL7f] uLt k|:t't ug]{
ljz]iftf 5 >]i7sf]– ;fOFnL a/L lrof af/Ldf, ;'lgb]p ;fgf]
5Fbfsf] syf, Pp6} af6f] / hlt xfF;"F eG5' -c~hnL df:s];Fu_ .
dN6L 6«\ofs /]sl8{ª / ljleGg OG:6«"d]G6;\x¿sf]
cf8 lng] ;d;fdlos ;ËLtsf/x¿n] pgsf] ufog z}nL cWoog
ug'{ h?/L 5 . k|ljlwdf e/ gk/L / rflxg] eGbf a9L cfw'lgs OG:6«"d]G6sf]
k|of]u gu/L >f]tfnfO{ ;ËLtsf] ;fu/df lnP/ hfg] bLk >]i7sf]
x'g'kg]{ hlt sb/ ePsf] 5}g .
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g]kYoM g]kfnL …/sÚ ljwfsf]
…o'lge;{n ldl8odÚ x'g k'u]sf] 5 g]kYo . ljljwtf
5Fbf5Fb} klg o;n] ;a}nfO{ ;d]6]/ Pp6} wf/df lnP/ hfg;S5 / o;sf]
k|efjnfO{ xtkt kG5fpg ;lsFb}g . ljZjsf cGo o'jf ;ËLtsf/
h:t} g]kYo ;d"xsf ;b:ox¿ klg /fd|f] /s ;'g]/ x's]{sf
x'g' kb{5 . pgLx¿ g]kfnL nf]s ;ËLtdf klg /fd|/L
leh]sf 5g\ . g]kYon] k|:t't ug]{ ;ËLtdf /ssf] :jfb / zlQm
Psflt/ 5 eg] csf]{lt/ g]kfnL nf]s;ËLtsf] Wjlg / ld7f; 5 .
h'g;'s} /s Aof08sf] h:tf] g]kYosf] Wjlg klg rsf]{ / ljB'tLo x'G5 .
t/ p;sf] k|:t'lt ;[hgzLn / efj's klg 5, h;n] /s / nf]s;ËLtsf]
;a}eGbf ;an kIfnfO{ Ps}7fpFdf NofPsf] 5 . ;fFlRrs}, …nf]s–/sÚ
sf] clu|d k+lQmdf g]kYo / logsf d"n ufos cd[t u'?ª kb{5g\ .
g]kYosf Ps lsl;dsf uLt ;Lw} nf]s;ËLtdf cfwfl/t
5g\ eg] csf]{vfn] uLt cfw'lgs kk'n/ ljwfdf cfwfl/t clwsf+z /s, t/
st} An"h\ / /]u] klg 5g\ . cfˆgf] kl5Nnf] cNaddf
;]nf], /]u], b]p8f, /s / ´ofp/]sf] aLrdf ;lhn};Fu t}/g ;Sg]
Ifdtf b]vfPsf] 5 of] ;d"xn] . lu6fl/i6 xl/ dxh{gsf] …l/kmÚ
af6 z'? ePsf] …;f s0ff{nLÚ uLtnfO{ cd[t u'?ªn]
b]p8fsf] kmfF6df n}hfG5g\ . k"/} Aof08 ;lDdlnt eO;Sbf
g]kfnsf] klZrd kxf8sf] b]p8fdf cl8Psf] …;f s0ff{nLÚ
lne/k'n, lbNnL jf n08gsf kf/vLn] ‰'Dg x'g] eO;s]sf] x'G5 .
g]kYosf] v'aL g]kfnL nf]s ;ËLtsf] df}lns tfn / ;"/x¿
;d]6\b} ;d'Gb|kf/sf u}/ g]kfnL >f]tfx¿nfO{ klg plQs} cfslif{t
ug'{ xf] . cfhsf g]kfnLnfO{ ef]lnk|lt cfz hufpg] sf]lzz u/]sf]
g]kYosf] xfn}sf] …/ËLg r/fÚ uLt !(&$ P8Lsf]
…klxnf] h'gLdfÚ / …;Daf]wgÚ h:t} kk Snfl;s
x'g;S5 .
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;'sldt u'?ªM ;'sldt u'?ªn]
ufpg z'? ubf{ …g]kfnL kkÚ ljwf hlGdPs} lyPg .
g]kfnL kksf] hu a;fNg] sfddf pgsf] 7"nf] b]g 5 . cf] d]/f]
lk|otd, 9's9's / /]lndfO{ uLtx¿n] g]kfnL kksf] hu g} a;fOlbP .
;g\ !(*) sf] bzssf oL uLtx¿n] cfh klg /]l8of], Sof;]6 of
nfOe cl8oG;\nfO{ hufOlbG5g\ . c¿;Fu bfFHg' kbf{ ;'sldt
u'?ª g]kfnL ;ËLtsL l6gf 6g{/ x'g\– k|efjzfnL, efjk"0f{
/ :6]hdf ;kmn uflosf . ;'sldt u'?ªsf] unf kfPkl5 l7sl7s}
sDkf]lhzg\ klg cnf}lss aGb5g\ . gofF ufos / uflosfn] /f]n df]8n
vf]Hg'kbf{ ;'sldt u'?ªnfO{ x]/] x'G5 .
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/fds[i0f 9sfnM g]kfnL cfw'lgs ;ËLtdf
gofF >f]tfx¿ cfslif{t eO/x]sf] s'/f /fds[i0f 9sfn h:tf
o'jf g]kfnL ufosx¿sf] ;kmntfaf6 b]lvG5 . pgsf cfw'lgs
uLtx¿ cfh aDaO{sf :6"l8of]x¿df /]s8{ ul/G5g\ .
alnof] / prf] :j/sf wgL 9sfn :6]hdf cfFvf lrDnG5g\, xftn] tfn lbG5g\
/ Pskl5 csf]{ ub}{ cfkm"nfO{ ;kmntfsf] r'nLdf k'¥ofpg]
uLtx¿ ufpF5g\ . lgM;Gb]x, /fds[i0f 9sfnsf] :j/ pgsf]
;DklQ xf] . t/ pgsf nflu ;ËLt lbg]x¿n] slxn]sfxLF
pgsf] :j/sf] ulx/fO, ld7f; / ;Defjgfx¿ ga'‰]sf] b]lvG5 .
…kmd"{nfÚ cGtu{t ufpg] u/]sf 9sfnn] cfˆgf]
uLtsf] 5gf}6df a9L Wofg lbg'kg]{ b]lvG5 .
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s'GtL df]QmfgM g]kfnL nf]s z}nLnfO{
cfwf/ agfP/ cfw'lgs uLt ufpg] s'GtL df]Qmfgsf v'§f tfGb} u/,
dfly dfly ;}n'Ë]df / lgi7'/L dfofn' h:tf uLtx¿n] lrtjg
xf];\ jf jfl;Ë6g 8L;L, hxfFsf] cl8oG;\nfO{ h'd{'/fpg / ‰'Dg
afWo agfOlbG5g\ . s'GtLsf] ;kmntfsf lx:;]bf/ lznfaxfb'/ df]Qmfg
klg x'g\, h;sf] ;[hgfn] pgsf uLtsf] d]nf]8LnfO{ uxlsnf] agfPsf]
5 . g]kfnL ;ËLt hutdf s'GtLsf] ;kmn ofqfsf k5fl8 b'O6f
:j/x¿ :ki6 5g\, kbf{ cufl8 pgsf] cfˆg} tyf kbf{ k5fl8
kfl/jfl/s / ;fËLlts ;xofqL lznfaxfb'/sf], h;nfO{ uflosfsf]
:j/, ‰'sfj / /]~h k|:6 yfxf 5 . …sLlt{Ú
/ …s';'dÚ cNadx¿ df]Qmfg kl/jf/sf] dL7f] ;fËLlts
aGwgsf k|df0f x'g\ .
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;kgf>LM snfsf/sf] lx;fan] ;kgf>L,
s'GtL df]Qmfg / ;'sldt u'?ª eGbf w]/} g} km/s b]lvlG5g\ .
pgsf ljz]if ;f}uft dfofk|Lltsf dw'/ / efj's uLt x'g\ . pgsf]
gfdb]lv ufogsnf;Dddf, ;fËLlts gf]6x¿nfO{ s]nfO{–s]nfO{
ljrf/ k'¥ofP/ ufpg] uflosfsf] cefj kfOG5 . :6]hdf ufpFbf,
;kgf>L w]/} xnrn ulb{gg\, dfgf}F pgsf] tg / dg unfd} s]lGb|t
5 . cfˆgf] leqL dglt/ kms]{/ ufpg] ;kgf>L nfxf]/ of
lbNnLdf x's]{sL eP :jefjtM ;]ld–Snfl;sn uflosf x'g]lyOg\–
uhn uLt, 7'd/L of bfb/f ljwfdf . ;kgf>Lsf] cfGtl/s ‰'sfj
ga'´g] ;ËLtsf/x¿n] pgnfO{ g;'xfpFbf] sDkf]lhzg\
ug{ ;S5g\ . pgn] c¿ s'g} ;d;fdlos kk snfsf/ x'g vf]Hg'x'Fb}g,
lsgeg] pgsf] ;fËLlts …lhlgo;Ú cGt} 5 . pgsf]
ufogsf] ld7f; …ld86]Dkf]Ú b]lv …:nf]6]Dkf]Ú
df / w]/} d]nf]8L ePsf ufgfx¿df ‰NsG5 . x]bf{v]/L
w]/} si6} gu/L pgsf] s07af6 lg:s]sf uLtn] ;kgf>Lsf :juL{o lktf
dbg kl/of/sf] ofb lbnfpF5g\, h;n] g]kfnsf gfd"b ufosx¿nfO{
Psf]l8{Pgdf ;fy lbg] u/]sf lyP .
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!(&$ P8LM !(&$ P8L ;d"xsf]
gfd km}ng'sf w]/} sf/0f 5g\, h;dWo] Ps cfkm}F uLt /Rg] / ufpg] Jofj;flos
Aof08 x'g' xf] . Plzofdf df}lns s[lteGbf se/ uLtx¿ /fd|/L
ufpg] Aof08 w]/} 5g\ . !(&$ P8L gpbfP;Dd g]kfndf klg oxL
l:ylt lyof] . oxL ;d"xn] g]kfnL ;ËLtsf/ / ;ËLtk|]dL
>f]tfnfO{ df}lns s[ltlt/ 8f]¥ofof] . o;f] ug{ ;fËLlts
ulx/fO / ;[hgzLntf b'j}sf] vfFrf] x'G5, h'g !(&$ P8Ldf kof{Kt
dfqfdf 5 . ;'Gg';\– dfofn'n], ;D‰L a:5', klxnf]
h'gLdf of of] dg t d]/f] g]kfnL xf] . o:tf uLtx¿nfO{
efiffsf] aGwg x'Fb}g / ltgn] g]kfndf xf];\ of aflx/, hxfF eP klg
dgsf] 9'S9'sL af]Nb5g\ .
of] ;d"xsf] x/]s ;b:on] csf]{ ;b:onfO{ s]xL lbO/x]sf]
/ s]xL lnO/x]sf] x'G5 . lkm/f]h / dgf]h b'j} cfkm}Fdf clt bIf
lu6fl/i6 x'g\ / b'j}n] cfkm"nfO{ xfdf]{gL / d]nf]8Ldf 6]jf
lbG5g\ . lg/fs/nfO{ af; lu6f/ dg k/]sf] k|:6 x'G5 . lg/fs/
/ 8«d/ P8\l/:g tyf ks{;lgi6 ;~hon] tfnsf] uf]/]6f] agfPsf
x'G5g\ .
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GXo" ah|frfo{M of] n]vssf u'?
uf]kfn of]~hgn] !% jif{ cufl8 GXo" ah|frfo{nfO{ OlËt ub}{
eg]sf lyP– logsf] k|ltef x]g{nfos x'g]5 . ;ËLtsf/sf]
lx;fan] k|l;4 GXo"n] :6]hdf ufpFbf lglik|mqmL eGg ;lsG5, of]~hgn]
pgsf] Ifdtfsf] ;xL cfsng u/]sf /x]5g\ . GXo"sf] :j/df
;ˆ6 d]nf]8LnfO{ ;'xfpFbf] …l8k\ Jofl/6f]gÚ 5 .
pgsf] klxnf] sDkf]lhzg\ …gcfp ;kgf e/LÚ of /fds[i0f
9sfnsf] ;'k/lx6 x'gk'u]sf] cf]/fnL nfu]sf] xl/0fsf] rfn ef] n] g}
of] s'/f k|dfl0ft ub{5 . GXo" ah|frfo{sf] ;f]nf] cNadsf]
ld7f; ct'ngLo 5 / ;'sldt u'?ª;Fusf] o'un ufog OG:6]G6 Snfl;s
x'g k'u]sf] 5 . cfw'lgs g]kfnL k|:t'ltdf c¿ ufos / ;ËLtsf/df
;[hgzLntfsf] cfn:o / /]sl8{ª :6"l8of]sf] pks/0fx¿df
a9L lge{/tf b]lvg yfn]sf] a]nf GXo"sf l;h{gfdf sDkf]lhzg\ /
lnl/sn] cjZo g} k|fyldstf kfPsf 5g\ . uLt / uhn ljwfdf h:t}
pgn]] g]kfnL cfw'lgs ;ËLtdf klg …yf]/} u/] w]/} x'G5Ú
eGg] l;4fGt ckgfPsf 5g\ .
;h{s / >f]tf
g]kfnL ;ËLtsf] w/ftn ablnFbf] 5 / o; kl/jt{gnfO{ 8f]¥ofO/x]5
g]kfnL kkn] . g]kfnL ;ËLtnfO{ ;'l/nf] cfjfh / a[xt\ cfsf/tkm{
ws]ln/x]5 k|ljlwsf] lj:tf/, u}/–g]kfnL ;fËLlts k|jfx
tyf ;ËLt ahf/sf] Aofkf/Ls/0fn] . w]/} jif{kl5 k':t] kmf6f]
-h]g]/]zg\ Uofk\_ klg pTkGg ePsf] 5 of] If]qdf . cfhsf g]kfnL
kksf ;h{s / >f]tf ;g\ !(() sf] bzscl3sf k':tfn] ;'g]sf /]l8of]
g]kfnsf k|:t'lt eGbf leGb} l;h{gfx¿ ;'g]/ x's]{sf 5g\ .
$) jif{eGbf dflysf] pd]/sfn] clwsf+z ;'Gb} g;'g]sf /s, An"h\
/ d]6n Wjlgx¿ cfhsf o'jf >f]tf / ;h{sx¿sf] …PS:kf]h/Ú
/ kmdf{O; klg xf] .
:t/ / 5gf}6sf] s'/f afx]s ut b'O{ bzsdf ;ËLtsf]
If]qdf g]kfndf ePsf] kl/jt{g eg]sf] pTkfbg, laqmL / vkt x'g yfn]sf]
;ËLtsf] …;ª\VofÚ xf] . cfhsf] ;ËLt
ahf/df b]lvPsf] h:tf] z}nLut ljljwtf / ufos÷uflosfsf] ;ª\Vof
o;cl3 slxNo} lyPg . g]kfnL ;dfhsf] c? If]qdf gb]lvPsf] k|lt:kwf{
/ k|hftGqsf] k|efj /fd|};Fu b]lvPsf] 5 ;ËLtdf .
bzsf}Fb]lv ljBdfg /]l8of] g]kfnsf] …EjfO;\ 6]i6Ú
kf; u/]/ dfq g]kfnL ;ËLtsf] ;+;f/df k|j]z ug{ kfOg] cj:yf ca
5}g . cfhsf ufos / ;ËLtsf/ ca cfˆgf] ;fËLlts
;Lk / Ifdtfsf] e/df cufl8 a9\g] jf kl5 kg]{ ub{5g\ . hgtfsf]
sfg / lha|f]nfO{ lhTg ;s] ;h{ssf] gfd klg, / ca cfP/ bfd klg, aG5 .
>f]tf cyf{t\ ahf/n] dg k/fOlbP eg] s;}sf] s]xL nfUb}g .
o;/L cfhsf] nf]s–/s, g]kfnL cfw'lgs / g]kfnL kksf] cfwf/df
;ËLtsf] :t/, bfo/f, / ljwfsf] ulx/fO / km/flsnf]kg a9\b} hfg]5,
/ g]kfnL hgdfg;n] dL7f] / ljljw ;ËLt kfO/fVg]5g\ .
-;dfhzf:qL cg'k kxf8L jflzË6g
8L;Ldf sfo{/t 5g\ .
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