ahf/÷6]lnlehg

/f]hfOsf cfwf/
;lhnf] ;:tf] /fd|f]

k|ljlwsf] ljsf; / la:tf/;Fu} g]kfndf 6]lnlehg;Da4 Aofkf/, bz{sx¿sf] ?lr / /f]hfOdf Jofks kl/jt{g cfPsf] 5 .

• ls/0f g]kfn

æxf] xf] cfof] cfof], xQ]/L cfPg, km]l/ Psrf]l6 3'dfpg] xf] ls ÛÆ

s/La b'O{ bzscl3lt/ k|To]s cfOtaf/ laxfg (M!% ah] zx/ahf/sf s]xL 3/x¿af6 o:t} cfjfh lg:sGy] . ef/tLo 6]lnlehg Rofgn b"/bz{g af6 cfpg] wf/fjflxs /fdfo0f x]g{sf nflu 3/klt, 8]/fjfn / l5d]sLx¿;lxtsf] 7"n} hdft 6]lnlehg cufl8 ‰'lDdGYof] . ;d"xdf sf]xL Hofs ldnfpg] t sf]xL w'/Ldf h;f]t;f] c8\ofOPsf] P06]gf 3'dfpg Jo:t x'Gy] . 6LeL l:qmgsf] ´of/´of/df s]xL cfs[ltx¿ cfpg]lalQs} …cfof] cfof]Ú sf] cfjfhn] sf]7f yls{GYof] . If0fe/d} km]l/ ;'lgGYof], …xQ]/L Û cfPg .Ú b[Zo cfPsf] jf x/fPsf] v';L jf lj:dftdf lg:sg] o:tf cfjfhx¿ clxn] w]/} g]kfnLsf] :d[ltaf6 x/fO;s]sf] x'g'k5{ .

@)$! ;fndf k|;f/0f z'? ePsf] g]kfn 6]lnlehg klg z'?–z'?df o;/L g} x]l/GYof] . 6]lnlehg ePsfx¿n] x/]s lbg 5/l5d]snfO{ 3/df :jfut gu/L ;'v} lyPg . a}7sdf vrfvr a;]sf bz{sx¿ /fd|f sfo{qmd g6'lËP;Dd p7\b}gy] . clg, …>Ldfg uDeL/===Ú ;Fu} ;]6 vf]Ng] 3/kltx¿ …== xfdL g]kfnL ;f/fn]Ú sf] af]n;Fu} k|;f/0f ;lsPkl5 dfq aGb uy]{ . t/ cfh < 6]lnlehgsf] b'lgofFn] nfdf] km8\sf] dfl/;s]sf] 5 . bz{s, x]g]{ afgL, 6]lnlehg ;]6 / tl:a/sf] u'0f:t/, k|;f/0f ;fdu|L / k4lt;Fu} ;du| k|0ffnLd} Jofks kl/jt{g cfPsf] 5 . 6]lnlehg ;]6, Rofgn / ltgsf ;fdu|Lx¿ lgtfGt …JolQmut ?lr / /f]hfOÚ sf s'/f alg;s]sf 5g\ .

k|ljlwdf km8\sf]
Ps bzsotf ;"rgfk|ljlw If]qdf ePsf] ce"tk"j{ ljsf;s} kl/0ffd xf], oxfFsf] 6]lnlehg x]g]{÷b]vfpg] k|lqmofdf cfPsf] kl/jt{g . cfd g]kfnLaLr 6]lnlehgsf] qm]h a9fpg ;do, k|ljlw, cfly{s ;DkGgtf, ;]6 / ;+rf/–;~hfnsf] ;xh k|flKtnufotsf s'/fx¿n] k|ToIf÷k/f]If e"ldsf lgjf{x ul//x]sf 5g\ . l8lh6n k|ljlwsf] k|j]zkl5 ;:tf] ePsf] 6]lnlehg k|0ffnL / lrlgofF 6]lnlehgsf] ;'netf klg x'g\ cfd g]kfnLaLr 6]lnlehg;Ddsf] kx'Fr a9fpg] sf/0f . g]kfn 6]lnlehgsf dxfk|aGws b'uf{gfy zdf{sf cg';f/ g]kfndf oltv]/ ^) k|ltzt hg;ª\Vof a;f]af; ul//x]sf] $) k|ltzt e"efudf g]6LeL bz{ssf] kx'Frdf 5 .

oltv]/ g]kfnL cfsfzdf ^ ljleGg g]kfnL Rofgnx¿n] cf–cfˆgf] t/Ë kmfln/x]sf 5g\, h;dWo] g]kfn 6]lnlehg, Rofgn g]kfn, sflGtk'/ 6]lnlehg, Od]h d]6«f] / g]6LeL d]6«f] n] g]kfnaf6} sfo{qmd pTkfbg, k|;f/0f ul//x]sf 5g\ . ef/tsf] s'g} c1ft ;d"x jf ;+:yfsf] nufgL /x]sf] g]kfn jg sf clwsf+z sfo{qmd sf7df8f}Fd} lgdf{0f ePklg k|;f/0f rflxF gofFlbNnLaf6 x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . cª\u|]hL ;dfrf/ / s]xL sfo{qmdafx]s clwsf+z g]kfnL ;ˆ6j]o/af6} ;~rfng x'Fb} cfPsf oL :6]zgx¿ dWo] sflGtk'/, Od]h d]6«f] / g]6LeL d]6«f] sf] k|;f/0f sf7df8f}F pkTosfdf ;Lldt 5 eg] Rofgn g]kfn / g]kfn jg e"pku|x -:of6]nfO6_ k|ljlwd} uO;s]sf 5g\ . ;/sf/L :jfldTjsf] g]6LeL sf] k|;f/0f :of6nfO6 / 6]/]i6]l/on b'j} k|ljlwaf6 eO/x]sf] 5 .

eLPrP; k|ljlwaf6 pTkfbg z'? ePsf g]kfnL 6]nL sfo{qmdx¿ oltv]/ Pgfnudf a]6fSofd / l8lh6ntkm{ l8leSofd Sofd]/faf6 5fofÍg x'g yfn]sf 5g\ . ljutdf b'O{ hgfn] af]Sg'kg]{ sltko k|;f/0f ;+oGqx¿ clxn] uf]hLd} c6\g] cfsf/df pknAw 5g\ . Pp6f d]lzg lau|Fbf lxhf]‰}F k|;f/0f cj?4 x'Fb}g . k|ljlwut ;d'Gglt / la:tf/;Fu} 6]lnlehg;Da4 Joj;fo klg pNn]Vo ¿kdf a9]sf] 5 . sf7df8f}Fdf dfq} s/La b'O{ xhf/ lel8of] Pl8l6ª 8]sx¿n] km';{b gkfpg' klg xf] o;sf] k|df0f .

pTkfbg k|ljlwsf] t'ngfdf k|;f/0f k|ljlwtkm{ g]kfnL Rofgnx¿n] u/]sf] k|ult a9L pNn]vgLo 5 . dfOqmf]j]e ln+S;dfkm{t\ z'? ePsf] g]kfnL 6]lnlehgsf] k|;f/0f oltv]/ :of6]nfO6 / s]a'ndfkm{t\ d'n'ssf 7"nf zx/, lhNnf ;b/d'sfd tyf ko{6sLo b[li6n] cufl8 /x]sf u|fdL0f If]qsf 3/3/ k'u]sf] 5 . ;fdfGo s]a'n klg zlQmzfnL kmfOa/ s]a'naf6 k|lt:yflkt x'g yfn]sf] 5 . …l/l;leªÚ ;+oGq 5 eg] e"pku|xdfkm{t\ k|jflxt ljZjsf k|foM ;a}vfn] k|;f/0f g]kfnsf] h'g;'s} s'gfaf6 klg x]g{ ;lsG5 .

sf]eGbf sf] sd <
k|;f/0fsf] b'j} kf6f] …cknf]l8ªÚ / …l/l;leªÚsf] t'ngfdf 6]lnlehg ;]6df c‰ pNn]vgLo kl/jt{g cfPsf] 5 . xftn] 3'dfpg'kg]{ ;Lldt Rofgnsf Pgfnu ;]6x¿nfO{ l/df]6;lxtsf l8lh6n ;]6x¿n] k|lt:yfkg u/]sf 5g\ . …8f]dÚ -8f]nf]_ :qmLgsf] 7fpFdf ˆNof6 :qmLgsf] cfsif{0f a9]sf] 5 . *–( j6f Rofgn ePsf] ;]6nfO{ lgSs} 7"nf] dflgg] ljutsf] cjwf/0ffnfO{ ahf/df pknAw ;o Rofgnsf ;]6x¿n] w]/} k5fl8 5f]l8;s]sf 5g\ . /, ;+;f/sf k|foM ;a} df]8nsf l6eL ;]6 g]kfndf pknAw 5g\ . k|ljlw, cfsf/nufotsf s'/fdf lgSs} :t/Lo dflgg] lkmlnK;, ;fd;'ª, PnhL h:tf ljb]zL a|f08b]lv ;:tf, ;lhnf dflgPsf lrlgofF l6eL ;]6;Dd :yfgLo ahf/sf gofF cfsif{0f ag]sf 5g\ . ca l6eLnfO{ 6]a'nd} /fVg'kg]{ afWotf /x]g . sltko sDkgLx¿n] leQfd} /fVg ldNg] ;]6 NofO;s]sf 5g\ . P]gf / l6eL b'j}sf] sfd lbg] lkmlnK;sf] ld/flehg leQfd} 6fF;]/ /fVg÷x]g{ ;lsG5 . lkmlnK;s} lkS;]n Kn; 6' df /x]sf] …PDaL nfO6Úsf] ;'ljwfn] 6LeL l:qmgdf cfPsf] k|sfznfO{ ;]6k5fl8 ;d]t kmfN5 / cf;kf;sf] leQfnfO{ ;d]t pHofnf] agfpF5 . k|;f/0fsf] kl5Nnf] k|ljlw …xfO8]lkmg]zg 6]lnlehgÚ ;Fu …sDKofl6anÚ dflgg] oL ;]6x¿ ;+;f/s} pTs[i6 >]0fLdf cfpF5g\ . Ps bzscl3;Dd l;Ëfk'/ jf xªsªaf6 dufpg'kg]{ /ËLg 6]lnlehgx¿ clxn] sf7df8f}Fd} aGg -P;]lDAnª_ yfn]sf 5g\ . g]kfndf P;]Dan eO/x]sf] ;fd;'ªn] oxLFsf] sf/vfgfaf6 k|lt lbg @%) yfg;Dd ˆNof6 l6eL pTkfbg ug{ ;S5 .

k|ljlwut lj:tf/n] Rofgn;Ddsf] kx'FrnfO{ ;xh agfOlbPsf sf/0f 6]lnlehgtkm{ g]kfnL pkef]Qmfsf] r'lnFbf] qm]h;Fu} :yfgLo ahf/df :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL sDkgLx¿sf] pkl:ylt a9\bf] 5 . Joj;foLx¿sf] egfOdf hfkfg, sf]l/of, rLg, ef/tsf ‰08} c9fO bh{g ljleGg a|f08sf 6]lnlehgx¿ ahf/df 5g\ .

;f]gL, lkmlnK;, lx6frL, zfk{ cfoft eP/ laqmL ljt/0f x'g] 6]lnlehgx¿ x'g\ . ;fd;'ª, PnhL sf s]xL df]8nx¿ g]kfnd} P;]DAn8 x'G5g\ eg] s]xL cfoftLt . 8]p, s]O;L, ldT;'df / cf];f{g nufotsf a|f08x¿ g]kfnd} P;]Dan eP/ laqmL ljt/0f eO/x]sf 5g\ . lel8of] sf]g / csfO{ 6]lnlehgsf s]xL kf6{k'hf{x¿ g]kfnd} ;+of]hg ul/G5g\ . rLgaf6 ;d]t ‰08} Ps bh{g a|f08sf 6]lnlehgx¿ cfoft eO/x]sf 5g\ .

pkef]Qmfx¿ uR5]cg';f/ ljleGg a|f08sf 6]lnlehgtkm{ cfslif{t 5g\ . gofF–gofF k|ljlw / 7"nf] :qmLg;lxtsf cfoftLt 6]lnlehgx¿ ;fdfGotof ;DkGgx¿sf] 5gf}6df kg]{ u/]sf 5g\ . dWod tyf pRrdWod ju{sf pkef]Qmfx¿n] @! / @( O~rsf P;]DaN8 6]lnlehg a9L ?rfPsf] kfOG5 . la:tfl/t ahf/ b]v]/} x'g;S5, ;fd;'ª / PnhL h:tf rNtLsf sf]l/og a|f08n] g]kfnd} pTkfbg z'? u/]sf 5g\ . o;cl3 pkNnf] ju{df dfq ;Lldt s]xL hfkfgL a|f08x¿n] dn]lzof, ef/t, l;Ëfk'/af6 ;d]t pTkfbg z'? u/]kl5 tL a|f08;d]t dWodju{sf] x}l;otleq cfpg yfn]sf 5g\ . sd;n 7flgP klg ;:tf] / /ËLg ePsf sf/0f lgDg dWod tyf lgDg ju{df lrlgofF l6eLn] ks8 hdfPsf] 5 .

ahf/ lngs} nflu pTkfbs tyf ljt/sx¿n] k|j4{gfTds /0fgLlt ckgfPsf 5g\ . sltko a|f08sf ljt/sx¿n] ls:tfaGbL, k'/fgf] ;]6 lnP/ gofF ;]6 lbg]nufotsf sfo{qmdx¿ z'? u/]/ ahf/nfO{ k|efljt kfl//x]sf 5g\ . h'g;'s} l6eL lbP/ lkmlnK;sf] ˆNof6 :qmLgsf] 6]lnlehg lng ;lsg] of]hgf;Fu} pkef]Qmfsf nflu kmfOgfG;sf] ;'ljwf pknAw u/fP/ lkmlnK; klg cfqmfds laqmL k|j4{gdf ;+nUg b]lvPsf] 5 . ljZjs} ;a}eGbf 7"nf] 6LeL *) O~rsf] KnfHdf l8:Kn] Kofgn;d]t pTkfbg ug]{ ;fd;'ªn] b]ze/ !* j6f ljz]if zf]?dÙ w]/} 7fpFdf l8lh6n jN8{ ;]N; ;]G6/, laqmL ljt/0f tyf laqmLkl5sf] ;]jf lbg] !@ j6f pkef]Qmf ;]jf s]Gb| :yfkgf ug'{sf ;fy} cfˆgf] 3/b}nf] ;]jfnfO{ #% zx/df la:tf/ ul/;s]sf] 5 .

gSsnLn] x}/fg kf/]
;DkGg kl/jf/x¿df lgSs} nf]slk|o /x]sf] ;f]gL l6eL cflwsfl/s laqm]tf afx]s cGo Rofgnaf6;d]t d'n'sdf lelq/x]sf] 5 . ;f]gLsf] cflwsfl/s laqm]tf g]kf lxdf 6«]8 ln+ssf cg';f/ sDkgLn] lbPsf] kfFr jif{sf] ;f6f] Ps jif{ dfq} jf/]06L lbP/ ;:tf]df laqmL eO/x]sf o:tf 6]lnlehgx¿af6 pkef]Qmfx¿ 7luPsf klg 5g\ . ln+ssf cd[t/Tg s+;fsf/ eG5g\, æcflwsfl/s laqm]tf afx]s cGoqaf6 laqmL x'g] ;]6df sd;n kf6{k'hf{ /flvPsf] x'g;S5 . To:tf] v/Lbaf6 pkef]Qmfn] kl5;Dd ;d:of a]xf]l//xg'k5{ .Æ

;'ljwf;DkGg ;]6 /f]Hg cEo:t eO;s]sf g]kfnL bz{sx¿n] cfjZostf / ?lrcg';f/ ljb]zL Rofgnsf sfo{qmd x]g{ yfn]sf] Ps bzs gfl3;s]sf] 5 . bz{ssf cl3 ;of}F Rofgn pknJw eO/x]sf] a]nf bz{ssf] 5gf]6df g]kfnL sfo{qmd sxfF 5g\ t < sflGtk'/ 6]lnlehg -s]6LeL_ sf k|d'v sfo{sf/L lgdf{tf e"if0f bfxfnsf] egfOdf æw]/} tn .Æ lsg t < bfxfn eG5g\, æcGt/f{li6«o Rofgnx¿n] ck]Iff a9fPsf g]kfnL bz{ssf nflu xfdL sdhf]/ s06]06;lxtsf sfo{qmd kl:s/x]sf 5f}F, h;df af}l4stfsf] sdL 5 . ljb]zL Rofgn;Fu xfdL bfFlhg ;Qm}gf}+ .Æ

;+;f/ Pr8Ll6eL -xfO{ 8]lkmg]zg 6]lnlehg_ df uO;s]sf] / ;'k/ g]r'/n lkSr/, xfO lkS;]nnufotsf s'/fx¿ pRr:t/sf 6]lnlehg :6]zgsf cfwf/e"t dfGotf alg;s]sf] a]nf g]kfnL Rofgnx¿df …;:tfÚ sfo{qmdsf] af]njfnf 5, logsf] k|ljlwut k|:t'lt klg w]/} k5fl8 5 . k|;f/0fsf] Pp6f kf6f] …cknf]l8ªÚ df ljZj:t/s} k|ljlwsf] k|of]u eO/x] klg xfd|f Rofgnx¿sf] …l/l;leªÚ nfO{ sdhf]/ g} dfGg'k5{ . u|fdL0f e]udf s]a'nsf] pknAwtf gePs} sf/0f c‰} klg 7"nf] ;ª\Vofsf g]kfnLx¿ 6]/]i6]l/on k|;f/0fdfq x]g{ afWo 5g\ . ltgsf nflu g]kfn 6]lnlehgafx]s c¿ Rofgn x]g{ ;Dej 5}g . u|fdL0f t/fO{af;Lx¿n] eg] ef/tLo Rofgn b"/bz{g x]g{ kfpF5g\ .

ljZjsf w]/} ljsl;t d'n'sx¿df Rofgn l/l;leªsf nflu k|of]udf cfPsf] kl5Nnf] k|ljlw …8fO/]S6 6' xf]dÚ -8L6LPr_ g]kfn lelq;s]sf] 5}g . pRr:t/sf] >Job[Zo :of6]nfO6af6} ;f]‰} ;]6df kfOg] of] k|ljlwdfkm{t\ s]a'nsf] ;'ljwf gkfPsf u|fdL0f afl;Gbfx¿;Dd k'Ug ;lsg] ePsfn] hL l6eL ;Fu ldn]/ g]kfn 6]lnlehgn] of] k|ljlw leœofpg] tof/L ul//x]sf] 5 . dxfk|aGws zdf{ eG5g\, æ8L6LPr k|ljlwsf nflu hL 6LeLn] cg'dlt lng] k|of; ul//x]sf] 5, p;n] lnPkl5 of] k|ljlwdfkm{t\ xfdL ;Fu;Fu} u|fdL0f e]udf hfG5f}F .Æ

clwsf+z g]kfnL Rofgnx¿n] ;kmf b[Zo;lxtsf pTs[i6 sfo{qmdx¿ cfd g]kfnL ;dIf k'¥ofpg g;ls/x]sf] k[i7e"lddf ljb]zL sfo{qmdsf] :jfb rflv;s]sf bz{sx¿sf nflu g]kfnL Rofgnsf sfo{qmdx¿sf] :t/ …;fdfGoÚd} ;Lldt 5 . s]6LeLsf e"if0f bfxfnsf] egfOdf ;:tf] / ;fdfGo ;+oGq÷k|ljlwsf] pkof]u ub}{ bz{snfO{ x]Kg] k|j[lQ ljBdfg /x]sfn] klg g]kfnL 6]lnlehg Rofgnx¿af6 ck]lIft pTs[i6tf cfpg g;s]sf] xf] .

hlt a|f08 plt ljz]iftf

;fd;'ªM g]kfnL pkef]Qmfdf‰ 5f]6f] ;dod} ;kmntfk"j{s :yflkt a|f08 xf], ;fd;'ª . uf]N5f cu{gfOh]zgdfkm{t\ laqmLljt/0f x'Fb} cfPsf] of] a|f08 oltv]/ :yfgLo ahf/sf] k|d'v v]nf8L dflgG5 . sf]l/og a|f08 ;fd;'ª sf !$ b]lv @( O~r;Ddsf 6LeL g]kfnd} P;]Dan x'G5g\ . of]eGbf 7"nfÙ ^# O~r;Ddsf :qmLgx¿ sf]l/ofaf6 ;f]‰} cfoft ug]{ u/]sf] 5 . 6LPkm6L–Pn;L8L, k|f]h]S;g, ˆNof6 tyf k/Dk/fut >]0fLx¿sf bh{gf}F df]8ndf pknAw ;fd;'ªsf] pkef]Qmf d"No ?=!@ xhf/ # ;ob]lv ?=!* nfv;Ddsf] 5 . uf]N5f ;d"xsf] bfaLdf of] a|f08sf ljleGg l6eLx¿ ;/b/ dfl;s @@ ;o laqmL eO/x]sf 5g\ .

PnhLM :yfgLo ahf/df rNtLsf] csf]{ a|f08 xf] PnhL . rf}w/L ;d"xdfkm{t\ laqmLljt/0f x'Fb} cfPsf] PnhL !$ O~rb]lv ^@ O~r;Ddsf ljleGg df]8nx¿df g]kfnL pkef]Qmfsf] Wofg lvRg ;kmn ePsf] 5 . kfFr jif{sf] jf/]06L lbOPsf] of] a|f08sf l6eLsf] pkef]Qmf d"No ?=!@ xhf/b]lv ?=@ nfv *) xhf/;Dd /x]sf] 5 .

lkmlnK;M l;Ëfk'/af6 ;f]‰} cfoftLt lkmlnK; 6]lnlehg :yfgLo ahf/df Hof]lt ;d"xsf] :ofsf/ sDkgLdfkm{t\ laqmLljt/0f x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . ljleGg df]8ndf !$ b]lv %% O~rsf] l:qmgdf pknAw lkmlnK;sf] pkef]Qmf d"No ?=!# xhf/b]lv ?=* nfv;Dd 5 . laqm]tfsf] bfaLdf dfl;s ! xhf/sf] xf/fxf/L ;ª\Vofdf laqmL x'g] lkmlnK;sf ;]6x¿df kfFr jif{sf] jf/]06L lbOPsf] 5 .

;f]gLM g]kfnsf ;DkGg pkef]QmfaLr nfdf] ;dob]lv nf]slk|o /xg ;kmn hfkfgL a|f08 ;f]gLsf] dn]lzofdf lgld{t 6]lnlehgx¿ g]kf lxdf 6«]8 ln+sdfkm{t\ :yfgLo ahf/df laqmLljt/0f eO/x]sf 5g\ . !$ b]lv $@ O~rsf ^ df]8ndf pknAw of] 6]lnlehgsf] j]uf l6«lg6«g nf]slk|o df]8n dflgG5 . % Aof08sf] u|flkms OlSjnfOh/, PcfO{ lkmN6/, ;/fp08 ;fp08nufotsf ljz]iftfx¿ af]s]sf] ;f]gLsf] pkef]Qmf d"No df]8ncg';f/ ?=!* xhf/b]lv ?=$ nfv %) xhf/;Dd /x]sf] 5 . dfl;s @%) yfg laqmL x'g] bfaL ul/Psf] of] 6]lnlehgdf kfFr jif{sf] jf/]06L lbOPsf] 5 .

lx6frLM hfkfgL sDkgL lx6frLåf/f dn]l;ofdf lgld{t lx6frL a|f08sf ljleGg !% df]8nsf 6]lnlehgx¿ :yfgLo ahf/df pknAw 5g\ . s:df]kf]ln6g 6«]l8ª sG;g{dfkm{t\ ;f9] % jif{cl3 g]kfnL ahf/df k|j]z u/]sf] lx6frLsf pkef]Qmfsf nflu b'O{ jif{sf] jf/]06L tyf xf]d ;le{;nufotsf laqmLkl5sf ;]jfx¿ pknJw 5g\ . !$ b]lv $# O~r;Dddf pknAw lx6frLsf] pkef]Qmf d"No ?=!^ xhf/b]lv ?=! nfv *# xhf/;Dd /x]sf] 5 .

csfO{M hfkfgL a|f08 csfO{s} gfddf ef/tdf lgdf{0f eO/x]sf] csfO{ l6eLsf] g]kfndf laqmLljt/0f s]eL cf]e/l;h dfs]{l6ªn] ul//x]sf] 5 . !$ b]lv @( O~rsf ljleGg rf/ j6f df]8nx¿df pknAw csfO{ l6eL dfl;s b'O{ ;o yfg laqmL x'g] bfaL laqm]tfsf] 5 . s]xL df]8nx¿ g]kfnd} P;]DaN8 x'g] csfO{sf] pkef]Qmf d"No ?=!) xhf/b]lv ^) xhf/;Dd /x]sf] 5 .

lel8of]sf]gM ef/tsf] rlr{t a|f08 lel8of]sf]gsf ljleGg df]8nsf 6]lnlehgx¿ s]eL cf]e/l;hn] :yfgLo ahf/df laqmL ljt/0f ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . xf]d lyo6/ sG;]K6df ;d]t s]xL df]8nx¿ pTkfbg u/]sf] lel8of]sf]gsf ;ft df]8nx¿ g]kfnL ahf/df pknAw 5g\ . !$ b]lv ^# O~r;Ddsf oL 6]lnlehgsf] pkef]Qmf d"No ?=!) xhf/b]lv ?=! nfv @) xhf/;Dd 5 . tLg jif{sf] jf/]06L lbOPsf] of] 6]lnlehgsf s]xL df]8nx¿ g]kfnd} P;]DaN8 x'g] u/]sf 5g\ . laqm]tfsf] bfaLdf dfl;s $ ;o yfg lel8of]sf]g l6eL :yfgLo ahf/df laqmLljt/0f eO/x]sf] 5 .

s]O;LM ljut 8]9 bzsb]lv g]kfnL ahf/df cfˆgf] pkl:yltnfO{ lg/Gt/ /fVg ;kmn sf]l/og k|ljlwsf] s]O;L 6]lnlehg s]l8of cu{gfOh]zgn] g]kfnd} P;]Dan u/L laqmLljt/0f ul//x]sf] 5 . kfFr jif{sf] jf/]06Lsf ;fy !$ b]lv @( O~r;Ddsf ljleGg !% df]8ndf pknAw s]O;Lsf] pkef]Qmf d"No ?=!) xhf/b]lv ?=$% xhf/;Dd /x]sf] 5 .

xfo/M hd{gL k|ljlwsf] xfo/ 6]lnlehg s]l8of cu{gfOh]zgn] g]kfnd} pTkfbg ul//x]sf] 5 . !$ b]lv #$ O~r;Ddsf ljleGg !@ df]8ndf pknAw of] 6]lnlehgsf] pkef]Qmf d"No ?=( xhf/ kfFr;ob]lv ?=(% xhf/;Dd 5 . sDkgLn] kfFr jif{sf] jf/]06L pknAw u/fPsf] 5 .

sf]lgsM xªsªl:yt ax'/fli6«o sDkgL Sofl;n On]S6«f]lgS;sf] pTkfbg sf]lgs 6]lnlehgsf] :yfgLo ahf/ Joj:yfkg rGb|–;"o{ O06/g]zgnn] ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . !$ b]lv @% O~rdf ;fdfGo / ˆNof6 :qmLgsf ljleGg tLg df]8nx¿df pknAw sf]lgs 6]lnlehgdf #^ dlxgfsf] jf/]06L lbOPsf] 5 . b'O{ ;o j6f Rofgn x]g]{ ;'ljwf /x]sf] of] l6eLsf] pkef]Qmf d"No ?=!) xhf/ %)) b]lv @@ xhf/;Dd /x]sf] 5 .

6L;LPnM ljZjsf ljleGg * d'n'sx¿af6 pTkfbg x'Fb} cfPsf] lrlgof 6L;LPn 6]lnlehg g]kfndf Plzofl6s O06/g]zgn 6«]l8ªn] laqmLljt/0f ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . pRr:t/sf] tl:a/ x]g{ ;lsg] KnfHdf;Fu} ;ofF} df]8n pTkfbg ug]{ of] sDkgLsf tLg df]8nx¿ g]kfnL ahf/df pknAw 5g\ . !$ b]lv @( O~r;Dddf pknAw oL 6]lnlehgx¿sf] pkef]Qmf d"No ?=*()) b]lv ?=#^))) ;Dd /x]sf] 5 . laqm]tfsf] bfaLdf dfl;s * ;o yfg l6eL g]kfndf laqmL eO/x]sf 5g\ .

Rofªx'ªM ;+;f/d} cTolws laqmL x'g] a|f08x¿s} >]0fLdf kg]{ bfaL ul/Psf] Rofªx'ª :yfgLo ahf/df ;a}eGbf w]/} /]~hdf pknAw rLgdf lgld{t 6]lnlehg xf] . x]l/6]h O06/g]zgn k|flndfkm{t\ laqmLljt/0f x'Fb} cfPsf] Rofªx'ªsf rf/ df]8nx¿ :yfgLo ahf/df pknAw 5g\ . !$ b]lv #% O~r;Ddsf oL 6]lnlehgx¿ dfl;s kfFr ;o j6f laqmL eO/x]sf] bfaL o;sf laqm]tfsf] 5 .