cy{÷;+If]k
d"No ljjfbM pv' ef/tlt/
Ps SjLG6n pv'sf] d"No ^ s]hL lrgLsf]
d"No a/fa/ x'g'kg]{ s[ifssf] dfu
lrgL ldnx¿aLrsf]
k|lt:kwf{sf sf/0f gjnk/f;L / cf;kf;sf If]qdf pv'sf]
d"No cfsfl;g yfn]sf] 5 . jif]{gL pv' d"Nosf nflu
;ª\3if{df pqg'kg]{ s[ifsx¿n] o; jif{ lagf ;ª\3if{
g} k|ltSjLG6n ?=!&% kfpg yfn]sf 5g\ . ls;fgsf] rsf]{ ;ª\3if{sf
afah"b ut jif{ pv'sf] d"No k|ltSjLG6n ?=!$! dfq lyof] .
;/sf/L :jfldTjsf] ;'gjnl:yt n'lDagL lrgL sf/vfgf rflxF
lghL If]qsf lrgL ldnx¿;Fu pv'sf] d"Nodf k|lt:kwf{ ug{
g;sL aGb x'g] cj:yfdf k'u]sf] 5 . of] sf/vfgfsf] ;~rfng;Fu
o;sf ^ ;o sd{rf/L / gjnk/f;Lsf s/La bz xhf/ pv' ls;fgx¿sf]
hLljsfsf] ;jfn k|ToIftM hf]l8Psf] 5 . pv' pTkfbs s[ifs ;ldlt
a]nf6f/L gjnk/f;Lsf ;lrj b'wgfy u'Ktfsf] egfOdf n'lDagL lrgL sf/vfgfsf
s]xL sd{rf/L / ;/sf/L a]jf:tfsf sf/0f sf/vfgfsf ;d:of ulxl/P/ uPsf
5g\ . ;/sf/L :jfldTjdf /x]sf] of] dfq sf/vfgf ;~rfngof]Uo cj:yfdf
5 .
s[ifs k|ltlglw;efn] k|ltSjLG6n ?=!^* df ;xdlt hgfpg
låkIfLo jftf{sf nflu af]nfpFbf sf/vfgf–Joj:yfkg / ;/sf/n]
a]jf:tf u/]/ cfkm"v'zL ?=!$% d"No lgwf{/0f u/]s} sf/0f
sf/vfgf ;Í6df k/]sf] ls;fgx¿sf] syg 5 . of] b/
lghL ldnx¿n] lbO/x]sf] d"NoeGbf ?=#) k|ltSjLG6n sd 5 .
olt 7"nf] /sdsf] cGt/df ls;fgx¿ ;/sf/L sf/vfgfnfO{ pv'
lbg tof/ b]lvFb}gg\ .
lghL If]qsf lrgL ldnx¿sf] k|lt:kwf{df n'lDagL
lrgL sf/vfgfnfO{ hLljt /fVg xfn tf]lsPsf] d"No -?=!$%_ df ;/sf/n]
k'glj{rf/ u/] sf/vfgf clxn] klg ;~rfng x'g;Sg] cj:yf eg] ljBdfg
5 . o;lglDt s[ifs ;ldltn] k|ltSjLG6n pv'sf] d"No ^ lsnf]u|fd
lrgLsf] d"No a/fa/ x'g'kg]{ j}1flgs ts{;lxtsf] dfu cufl8 ;f/]sf]
5 . pv' pTkfbs s[ifs ;ldltsf ;lrj u'Ktfsf cg';f/ Ps ljufxfdf
pv'v]tL ug{ ?=$^,#@@ nfut kg{ cfpF5 /, To;df pTkfbg ePsf] tLg
;o SjLG6n pv' a]Rbf ?=!$% sf] b/n] ?=$#,%)) dfq k|fKt x'G5 .
o;af6 cfkm"nfO{ ?=@,*)) k|ToIf gf]S;fg x'g] s[ifsx¿sf]
bfaL 5 .
;ldltn] pknAw u/fPsf] cfFs8f cg';f/ n'lDagL lrgL
sf/vfgfdf Ps SjLG6n pv'af6 ( s]hL sRrf lrgL pTkfbg x'G5 . ut
jif{ k|lts]hL lrgLsf] d"No ?=@@÷*) sf b/n] Ps SjLG6n
pv'af6 ldnn] ?=@)% sdfPsf] lyof] . ls;fgnfO{ k|ltSjLG6n pv'sf]
?=!#@ lbFbf sf/vfgfnfO{ ?=^$ art ePsf] b]lvG5 . clxn] ls;fgx¿
pQm ?=^$ dWo] cfwf cyf{t\ ?=#@ ls;fgnfO{ lbg'kg]{ dfu ul//x]sf 5g\ .
pgLx¿sf] egfOdf ut jif{sf] d"No ?=!#@ df ?=#@ yk]/ of]
jif{ ?=!^$ k|ltSjLG6n pv'sf] Go"gtd d"No tf]lsg'k5{ .
^ lsnf] lrgLsf] d"No a/fa/ Ps SjLG6n pv'sf]
d"No tf]Sg] xf] eg] of] b/ ‰08} ?=!*) x'g cfpF5 .
lghL If]qsf lrgL ldnx¿ o;s} xf/fxf/Ldf k'u]sf 5g\ .
;Ldfkfl/ ef/tdf pv'sf] k|ltSjLG6n d"No ef? !@) -g]? !(@_ tf]lsPsf]
5 . pv' pTkfbs s[ifs ;ldltsf cWoIf k/dx+; rt'j]{bL eG5g\, æef/tLo
lrgL ldn hd'O{n] g]kfnsf ls;fgsf] pv' lsGg] aGbf]a:t ldnfO/x]sf]
5 . t;y{, ca oxfF k|ltSjLG6n ?=@)) k|fKt ePg eg] g]kfnL pv'
ef/tLo ldnd} k'Ug]5 .Æ
o; e]udf pv'sf] d"No tf]Sg] cfwf/ dflgFb} cfPsf]
n'lDagL lrgL sf/vfgf ?=#)÷#@ s/f]8sf] 3f6fdf 5 . t/
æn'lDagL lrgL sf/vfgf aGb x'g] lalQs} pv'sf] d"Nodf k|lt:kwf{
/xFb}g, ghL If]qsf ldnsf] Psflwsf/ sfod x'G5 . h;n] ls;fg plrt
d"No kfpg ;Sb}gg\ . To;sf/0f n'lDagL lrgL sf/vfgfnfO{
hLjGt /fVg ls;fgsf] nflu clt cfjZos 5Æ cWoIf rt'j]{bL eG5g\ .
•
a[h/fh s'zjfxf, gjnk/f;L
rf}yf] zfvf kf]v/fdf
s'df/L AofÍsf]
rf}yf] zfvfn] km]jftfnsf 8'Ëf Joj;foLx¿nfO{ shf{ lbP/
kf]v/fdf ;]jf z'? u/]sf] 5 . !% cf}F afl0fHo AofÍsf
¿kdf rf/ jif{cl3 sf7df8f}Faf6 cfˆgf] ;]jf cf/De u/]sf]
of] AofÍn] u|fxs ;'ljwfsf nflu O06/g]6, df]afOn–P;PdP;
Aoflͪ tyf ljB'tLo e'QmfgL k4lt z'? ul/;s]sf] 5 / rfF8}
g} eL;f On]S6«f]g 8]la6 sf8{;Fu} P6LPd ;]jf z'? ug]{ tof/L
ul//x]sf] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . ‰08} !% xhf/ u|fxsx¿af6
?=% ca{ ^# s/f]8 lgIf]k ;Íng u/]/ ?=% ca{ * s/f]8 shf{ k|jfx
ul/;s]sf] o; AofÍn] rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] k|yd ^ dlxgfdf ?=*
s/f]8 ** nfv ;~rfng d'gfkmf cfh{g u/]sf] hgfOPsf] 5 .
s]l8ofn] a]Rg] :j/fh dfHbf
ef/tLo df]6/
sDkgL :j/fh dfHbf n] g]kfndf cfˆgf pTkfbg laqmL–ljt/0f
ug{sf] lglDt s]l8of cu{gfOh]zgnfO{ cflwsfl/s l8n/ lgo'Qm u/]sf]
5 . :j/fh dfHbf sf a;, :s"n a;, 6«s tyf Eofgx¿
g]kfndf o;cl3b]lv g} u'8\b} cfPsf 5g\ . hfkfgL sDkgL dfHbf
sf] k|fljlws ;xof]udf pTkflbt oL ;jf/L ;fwgx¿ o'/f]–!
/ o'/f]–@ dfkb08sf 5g\ . ^ k6s;Dd lgMz'Ns ;le{; ;'ljwf
lbOPsf] :j/fh dfHbf sf ;jf/L ;fwgx¿sf] Ol~hg, luo/aS; cflbdf
b'O{ jif{sf] jf/]06L pknAw 5 . clw/fHosf d'Vo Jofkfl/s s]Gb|x¿df
Ps};fy laqmLljt/0f tyf dd{t ;Def/sf] ;'ljwf pknAw u/fOPsf oL ;jf/L
;fwgx¿ v/Lb ug{ rfxg]x¿sf nflu Go"gtd nufgLdf
Aoflͪ kmfOgfG;sf] Joj:yf ;d]t ldnfOPsf] s]l8of cu{gfOh]zgn]
hgfPsf] 5 .
g/d / /fd|f] agfpg] lqmd
8fa/ n]
hf8f]df 5fnf ;'Vvf x'g glbO{ g/d /fVg] / 5fnfsf] rlDsnf]kg klg a9fpg]
b'j} u'0f ePsf] -sf]N8 / km]o/g];_ cgdf]n km]o/g]; sf]N8 lqmd g]kfnL
pkef]Qmfdf‰ NofPsf] 5 . sDkgLsf cg';f/ abfd / s]z/af6
lgld{t of] lqmdn] 5fnfnfO{ g/d, cfsif{s / k|fs[lts rdso'Qm t'Nofpg
d2t u5{ . @% / *) u|fdsf] Kofsdf /x]sf] of] lqmdsf] ahf/ d"No
qmdzM ?=@$ / ?=%^ sfod ul/Psf] 5 .
Ps / Ps P3f/
kmf:6km'8\; -g]kfn_
k|flnn] lju ldld rfprfpsf] laqmL k|j4{gsf lglDt
gofF pkxf/ of]hgf z'? u/]sf] 5 . sDkgLsf cg';f/ …Ps /
Ps P3f/Ú gfd lbOPsf] o; sfo{qmddf ! cÍsf] cufl8 !
cÍsf] s'kg ldnfP/ ?=! b]lv ?=!!! ;Dd lhTg ;lsG5 . o;jfx]s
?=!,!!!, ?=!!,!!! / ?=!,!!,!!! sf l;Ëf] Pp6} s'kgx¿
klg pkxf/sf ¿kdf Kofs]6 leq} /flvPsf] atfOPsf] 5 .
!!) k|ltzt nfef+z
:6f088{ rf6{8{
AofÍ g]kfnn] z]o/xf]N8/x¿nfO{ Ps;o bz k|ltzt nfef+z
lbg] lg0f{o;Fu} cfˆgf] !* cf}F ;fwf/0f;ef ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 .
cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{df AofÍn] ?=%# s/f]8 *) nfv v'b d'gfkmf
u/]sf] lyof] . r'gf}tLk"0f{ jftfj/0fsf afah"b :yfgLo
tyf cGt/f{li6«o b'j} If]qdf s'zntf k|bz{g u/L cfˆgf z]o/
xf]N8/x¿nfO{ /fd|f] k|ltkmn lbg ;kmn x'g'nfO{ AofÍn]
pNn]Vo pknlAw atfPsf] 5 .
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