cfj/0f÷ljZn]if0f

/fhwfgLsf] Psflwsf/
;f}Gbo{, ;'ljwf / /fhsLo ;d:of

8fF8fdflysf] zx/ ;bfsf nflu ;'/lIft x'Fb}g eGg] s'/f cd]l/sLx¿n] …!! ;]K6]Da/Ú kl5 a'´g yfn]sf 5g\ . !^ ebf}, @)^! sf] sf7df8f}Fsf] b'/j:yfn] g]kfndf juL{o o'4 dfq} xf]Og, ;fDk|bflos bËfsf] vt/f klg plQs} alnof] /x]sf] s'/f ;fljt u/]sf] 5 .

• ;f}efUo zfx

sf7df8f}F pkTosfsf] rfn9fn klxn] klg 5'§} lyof], ljut s]xL jif{b]lv t of] ‰g\ leGg ePsf] 5 . afFsL g]kfn clxn] lx+;f, cftÍ, ljgf; / lj/xn] ;Gq:t ePsf] a]nf dgdf Ifl0fs ;Gb]x eP klg o; zx/sf] hf]z, cfsif{0f / r~rntfdf s'g} sdL cfPsf] 5}g, ‰g\ a9]sf] 5 . gf}nf gf}nf k;nx¿n] ;+;f/sf ;a} pkef]Uo ;fdu|Lx¿ pknAw u/fO/x]sf 5g\, ahf/df eL8 vrfvr 5, ;8sdf lrNnf df]6/x¿sf] rfk a9\bf] 5, xhf/f}Fsf] ;ª\Vofdf gofF 3/x¿ aGb}5g\ . oxfFsf xf]6n / /]i6'/fFdf k|To]s lbg bz}F / /f]bLsf] pT;j eO/x]sf] cg'ej x'G5 . xfn cfP/ a]lkmqm z}nLdf afFsL g]kfnsf] b'ef{Uosf] af/]df lrGtgdgg ug'{ o; /fhwfgL zx/sf] gf}nf] pBf]u aGg uPsf] 5 .

lbzf / bzfsf lx;fan] of] /fhwfgL zx/ / o;n] k|ltlglwTj u/]sf] d'n's ljk/Lt uGtJolt/ s;/L cu|;/ x'gk'u] < of] hl6n ;jfnsf] hjfkm vf]Hg oxfFsf] ef}uf]lns, /fhgLlts / P]ltxfl;s tYo sf]6\ofpg'kg]{ x'G5 . k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxn] c9fO ;o jif{ klxn] g]kfn vfN8f] ljho u/]/ a[xt\ g]kfn /fHosf] PsLs/0f ug]{ ;a}eGbf dxŒjk"0f{ /fhgLlts sbd dfq rfn]gg\ pgn] To;kl5sf ztfAbLx¿df lxdfnb]lv t/fO{;Ddsf ;a} hfthflt ;fy} l5d]sL d'n'ssf gful/s ;d]tnfO{ pkTosfleq :yflkt x'g' g} ;kmntf xf] eGg] dfkb08 klg :yflkt u/]/ uP . of] /fhwfgLsf] cfsif{0f olt 5 ls g]kfndf ;+3Lo jf k|fGtLo :jfoQtfsf] ;+/rgfsf] dfu ug]{x¿ klg o; pkTosfsf] df]xgLaf6 6f9f x'g ;Sb}gg\ . lzIff, :jf:Yo, Jofkf/, cj;/ / /f]huf/Lsf] cfsfª\Iff af]s]sfx¿sf] sd{ynf]sf ;fy} /fhgLlts zlQm / j}ejsf] dxŒjfsfª\Iff /fVg]x¿sf] klg /0fe"ld /lxcfPsf] 5 /fhwfgL zx/ .

bzsf}Fb]lv qmlds ¿kdf a9\b} uPsf] s]Gb|Ls/0fn] cfh /fhwfgL pkTosf / o;n] k|ltlglwTj ug]{ b]z aLr ljs/fn c;Gt'ng k}bf x'g uPsf] 5 . /fli6«o e"If]qkmnsf] Ps k|ltzt eGbf klg sd -nueu %)) ju{ lsld_ e"efu cf]u6]sf] pkTosfdf cfh b]zsf] s'n hg;ª\Vofsf] ‰08} bz k|ltzt -@) nfv_ a;f]af; ub{5g\ . /fhgLlts / k|zf;lgs dfq geOsg /fhwfgLn] lzIff, :jf:Yo, ;~rf/, ;+:s[lt, u}/ s[lif /f]huf/L / cGo ef}lts ;'ljwfx¿df Psflwsf/ :yfkgf u/]sf] 5 . pkef]Uo j:t'sf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] ahf/ g} sf7df8fF} pkTosf ePsf] 5 lsgls d'n'ss} clwsf+z qmozlQm sf7df8f}F pkTosfd} s]lGb|t 5 . Ps cg'dfg cg';f/ ;Dk"0f{ ;/sf/L, ljb]zL ;xof]u / u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿sf] s'n vr{sf] ^) k|ltzt;Dd /sd cGTodf sf7df8f}F pkTosfleq} ylGsg k'Ub5 . zfob oxL cfDbfgLnfO{ vr{ ug{ /fhwfgLn] cfˆgf] nflu xKtfdf b'O{ 5'§L lnG5, hals afFsL d'n's ^ lbg sfd u5{ . o;sf ;fy} b]zsf] cToflws Jofkfl/s, cf}Bf]lus / ko{6sLo cfDbfgL klg pkTosfleq} hDdf x'g]x'gfn] /fhwfgLsf] yk j}ej / ;DkGgtf ‰lNsG5 . o;/L b|'tt/ ultdf pkTosfleq hg;ª\Vof / ;DklQsf] s]Gb|Ls/0fn] /fhwfgL zx/nfO{ afFsL b]zdfly cToGt} c;dfg'kflts /fhgLlts lgoGq0f klg lbPsf] 5 . /fhwfgLs]lGb|t ;+:yfut kIf -;/sf/L / ljb]zL lgof]ux¿_ n] gLltlgdf{0f / nufgLaf6 afFsL b]zsf] efUo lgdf{0f ug]{ dfq geO{ /fhwfgLsf ;8sx¿ h;n] sAhf ug{ ;S5, /fli6«o /fhgLltdf ToxL kIfsf] jr{:j :yflkt x'g] u/]sf] 5 .

hglj/f]wL Ol~hlgol/ª
g]kfnsf] kl/k|]Iodf h;/L /fhwfgL pkTosfn] P]Zjo{, ;'ljwf / zlQm cfkm"leq lvRg ;kmn ePsf] 5, Tof] lgMz'Ns eg] ePsf] 5}g . o; cy{df pkTosf cfˆg} cTolws ;kmntfsf] lzsf/ klg ePsf] 5 . xfd|f] /fhwfgL pkTosfsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] lj8Dagf eGg' g} oxfFsf zx/sf] JolQmut j}ej / ;fj{hlgs bl/b|tf x'guPsf] 5 . oxfF aGg] 3/x¿, oxfF kfOg] /]:6'/fF / k;nx¿, oxfF klxl/g] km];g / oxfF u'8\g] uf8Lx¿ ;+;f/sf s'g} klg pRr zx/x¿df eGbf sd 5}gg\ . t/ cToGt} cfln;fg lgjf;x¿sf u]6aflx/ 6]Sg]lalQs} zx/sf] sËfnLkg z'? x'G5 . df]6/ u'8\gnfO{ dfq xf]Og dfG5]nfO{ lxF8\g ;d]t /fhwfgLdf plrt ;8s 5}g . pkTosfsf w]/} ;8sx¿ df]6/ lxF8\gnfO{ agfOPsf xf]Ogg\, oL t k/Dk/fut uf]/]6f] x'g\ . oL k}bndfu{ df]6/n] cf]u6]kl5 k}bnofqLx¿ g/fd|f];Fu lj:yflkt x'g'k/]sf] 5 . df]6/ lxF8\gnfO{ agfOPsf ;8sdf klg dfG5] lxF8\g] k]6L agfOPsf] x'Fb}g, h;n] ubf{ uf8L cfpgf;fy Hofg hf]ufpg a6'jfn] leQfdf Roflkg'kg]{ x'G5 . o;} a]lyltnfO{ dWogh/ ub}{ k|fWofks 8Da/ r]Dhf]ª eGg'x'G5, æx'g t oxfF ;a} hgkIfLo of]hgfx¿ nfu" u5f}{F eG5g\, t/ oxfFsf] ;8ssf] Ol~hlgol/ª g} hglj/f]wL ag]sf] 5 .Æ

;8ssf] hL0f{ cj:yf t 5Fb}5, To;eGbf ‰g\ gfh's l:ylt vfg]kfgL, 9n / kmf]xf]/d}nf Joj:yfkgsf] 5 . Psflt/ oxfFsf] a9\bf] hg;ª\Vofsf] rfknfO{ pkTosf leqsf] kfgLsf] ;|f]t ckof{Kt t 5Fb}5, csf]{lt/ ePs} kfgLsf] ;Íng / ljt/0f k|ljlwn] klg ;d:ofu|:t 5 . of] Hofb} cfZro{ / b'Mvsf] ljifo xf] . æg]kfn d08nÆ eGg] k':tsdf sf7df8f}F zx/sf] dWosfnLg ;Eotfsf] ljZn]if0f ubf{ d]/L :n;/ jf8{n] Tolta]nfsf] kfgL;DagwL Ogf/, 3f6, wf/f / gx/ agfpg] k|ljlwsf] pRr d"NofÍg u/]sL l5g\ . pkof]lutf, wfld{s efjgf / ;f}Gbo{ ;+j]bgzLntfsf -P;y]l6S;_ b[li6n] g]kfn vfN8f]leqsf] dWosfnLg hn;DaGwL k|ljlw Hofb} kl/:s[t ePsf] s'/f jf8{sf] lgrf]8 5 . To;sf] bfFhf]df xfnsf ;fj{hlgs ;+/rgfx¿ Ps–b'O{ ckjfb afx]s Hofb} ?vf 5g\, ltgLx¿n] g t s'g} j:t'ut pkof]lutf g} k"/f ub{5g\, of s'g} ;f}Gbo{ jf snfsf] kIfnfO{ ;dfj]z u/]sf x'G5g\, g t ltgLx¿n] s'g} pRr dfgjLo efjgfnfO{ cleJoQm ub{5g\ . 9n lnP/ ;Lw} gbL vf]nfdf ldnfOG5, kfOkaf6 kfgL cfpFb}g . s/f]8f}F vr{ u/]/ agfPsf ejgx¿df sfd ug]{ ˆn; kfpg d'lZsn 5 . dWoo'uaf6 clxn];Dd l;len Ol~hlgol/ª ljifon] w]/} k|ult ul/;s]sf] 5 / xfd|f k|fljlwsx¿ klg ljb]zdf tflnddf uO/x]s} 5g\ . t}klg g]kfnsf] lgdf{0f k|ljlwdf pNn]vgLo ;'wf/ gcfpg'sf] kl5 s] sf/0f xf]nf < zfob xfd|f] lgdf{0f ;Lksf ;fy} o; x|f;f]Gd'v :t/sf] jf:tljstf xfd|f] ;fj{hlgs lgdf{0fsf] cy{– /fhgLlt / 7]Ssfk§f kl/kf6L;Fu ufFl;Psf] x'g'k5{ .

jf:t'snfM pTs[i6 cleJolQm
dNnsfnLg dWoo'ub]lv clxn];Dd pkTosfsf] zx/L ;Eotfsf] u'0ffTds:t/df x|f; cfpg'sf] Pp6f d'Vo tTj oxfF ePsf] jf:t'snfsf] z}nLdf cfPsf] kl/jt{gnfO{ lng ;lsG5 . dNn /fhfx¿n] lnR5ljsfnLg z}nLnfO{ kl/:s[t kfb}{ ;'Gb/ / df}lns lsl;dsf ejg, dlGb/, rf]s / b/af/x¿sf] ;Eotf :yflkt u/] . dNnsfnd} sf7df8f}F pkTosf cfOk'u]sf o'/f]k]nL O;fO{ wdf{jnDaLx¿n] ;d]t oxfFsf jf:t'snfnfO{ tTsfnLg o'/f]ksf ;j{>]i7 gd"gfx¿;Fu bfFHg ;lsg] eg]/ k|z+;f u/]sf 5g\ . sf7df8f}F, eQmk'/ / nlntk'/sf dNn b/af/x¿df oL pTs[i6 gd"gfx¿ c‰} klg b]Vg ;lsG5 .

pkTosfsf] cflwkTo uf]vf{nL /fhfx¿n] lnPkl5 oxfFsf] zx/L ;Eotfdf 7"nf] kl/jt{g cfPg . ;+:s[lt, jf:t'snf / snfsf cGo ljwfx¿df pkTosfeGbf u/La uf]vf{n] s'g} j}slNks z}nL Nofpg] s'/} ePg . of] s'/f k[YjLgf/fo0fn] /fd|/L a'‰]sf lyP, To;}n] pgn] dNnsfnLg jf:t'snf, ;ËLt, gfr / cGo ;+:s[ltnfO{ g} k|f]T;fxg lbg] / cfTd;ft\ ug]{ gLlt ckgfP .

eLd;]g yfkfn] O:nfdL z}nLsf] w/x/f agfP/ /fHoåf/f ljb]zL z}nLsf] jf:t'snf cËLsf/ ug]{ k/Dk/fsf] yfngL u/] . of] rngn] lj=;+= !()# df :yflkt /f0ffzf;gkl5 k"0f{ ult kfof] . /f0ffx¿ /fhgLlts ¿kn] cª\u|]hx¿af6 w]/} k|efljt lyP, o;sf] c;/ pgLx¿sf] ;f+:s[lts /f]hfOdf klg kg{' :jfefljs} lyof] . o;} qmddf sf7df8f}F leq bh{gf}F leS6f]l/og / cGo o'/f]kLo z}nLsf ejg / b/af/x¿ ag] . elgG5, rGb| zdz]/n] l;+xb/af/ agfpFbf k|mfG;sf] eJo /fhk|f;fb e;f{O{af6 k|]/0ff lnPsf lyP .

oBlk /f0ffx¿n] rog u/]sf] jf:t'snfdf df}lns g]kfnLkg lyPg / sf7df8f}Fsf Tolta]nfsf /ftf t]nL O{+6 / wfgv]t aLrdf oL ;]tf dxnx¿ st} af6f] la/fPsf k/b]zL h:tf b]lvPsf x'g'k5{, t}klg ltgsf] ;'Gb/tf / eJotfnfO{ gsfg{ ;lsFb}g . cfls{6]Sr/n P;y]l6S;sf] cfwf/e"t s;L eGg' g} k|kf];g -cg'kft_, l;ld6«L -;d/]vfTdstf_, :k]; -v'nf 7fpF_, k|sfz / lgdf{0f ;fdu|LaLrsf] ;Gt'ng xf] / o; kIfnfO{ /f0ffx¿n] agfPsf pRr gd"gf h:t} l;+xb/af/, zLtnlgjf;, nfnb/af/ cflbdf b]Vg ;lsG5 .

lg:k|f0f cfw'lgs z}nL
lj=;+= @))& df /f0ffzf;gsf] ktg ePkl5 s]xL l56k'6 pbfx/0f afx]s ;fj{hlgs / JolQmut jf:t'snfdf v8]/L g} k/]sf] dx;"; x'G5 . jf:t'snfsf] lx;fan] o; sfnv08sf] >Lu0f]z gf/fo0flx6L /fhb/af/sf] k'gMlgdf{0fnfO{ lng ;lsG5 . /f0ffsfndf ag]sf] o'/f]lkog z}nLsf] /fhk|f;fb eTsfP/ To;sf] 7fpFdf jt{dfg cfw'lgs z}nLsf] ejg lgdf{0f ul/of] h'g jf:t'snfsf] cfwf/e"t dfkb08df /fVbf sdhf]/ b]lvG5 . g o;n] s'g} df}lns z}nLnfO{ cËLsf/ u/]sf] 5, g t s'g} :yflkt cfw'lgs cfs[ltnfO{ g} ckgfPsf] 5 . o;/L z'? ePsf] g]kfnL jf:t'snfsf] lghL{j cfw'lgs sfnv08 yf]/ax't leGgtfsf ;fy c‰} rln/x]s} 5 . o; cjlwsf s]xL k|ltlglwd"ns lgdf{0fx¿df …lrlgofF ;dfhjfbLÚ jf:t'snf z}nLdf ag]sf] 6]s"l:yt g]zgn 6«]l8ª ejg, e"uf]nkfs{l:yt g]kfn AofÍ lnld6]8sf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{no, sdnfbLl:yt /fhsLo k|1f–k|lti7fg / lqe'jg ljZjljBfnosf] sLlt{k'/l:yt gofF dfgljsL ejgnfO{ lng ;lsG5 . oL gd"gfx¿df h;n] cfw'lgs cfs[lt ckgfpg vf]h]sf 5g\ tL Tolt w]/} ;kmn ePsf 5}gg\ . klZrdL cfw'lgs / :yfgLo z}nLsf ;lDd>0fsf k|of;x¿ ‰g} ljkmn b]lvG5g\ . oflGqs z}nLdf O{+6f / l;;fsf] ;+/rgf dfly g]kfnL kuf]8f 5fgf hf]8\bf tLg kL; ;"6dfly 6f]kL 9NsfP h:tf] b]lvG5 .

z'is / c;+j]bgzLn ;fj{hlgs ejg lgdf{0f z}nLn] JolQmut 3/x¿sf] lgdf{0fdf klg l;h{gfzLntf / df}lnstfsf] x|f; NofPsf] 5 . 3/leq hlt;'s} ;'ljwfsf pks/0f / j:t'x¿ hDdf u/]sf] eP tfklg jf:t'snfsf lx;fan] clwsf+z JolQmut lgjf;x¿ klg lg:k|f0f b]lvG5g\ . pbfx/0fsf nflu sfo{/lxt -gg kmª;gn_ gSsnL 6fonsf] 5fgf], snd / ægd:t]Æ cfsf/ clxn] alg/x]sf lghL 3/x¿df km]zg ‰}F ckgfOPsf 5g\ . ;fj{hlgs ejgx¿ / cGo lgdf{0fn] ;f}Gbo{ / ;'ljwfsf] pbfx/0f k|:t't ug'{kg]{df To;f] x'g;ls/x]sf] 5}g . zx/leq JofKt eO/s]sf] cfw'lgs jf:t'snfsf] cfs[lts]f ;d:of t 5Fb}5 cfGtl/s ¿kdf klg oL ejgx¿df k/Dk/fut g]kfnL z}nLsf 3/x¿df kfOg] Gofgf]kg x'Fb}g . oL cToGt v;|f, ?vf / tfkqmdsf] lx;fan] klg cj}1flgs 5g\ . la8Djgf s] 5 eg] ;/sf/L 8]/f /lxcfPsf] l;+xb/af/ kl/;/d} cfls{6]Sr/n a]lylt / a]:jfbsf] /hfOF ;a}eGbf a9L b]lvG5 . Psfk;df k6Ss} gldNg], clt lgDg z}nLsf l8hfOgx¿df ag]sf ejgx¿n] of] g]kfnL /fHosf] s]Gb|ljGb' xf]OgÙ s'g} ;:tf] cfjf; sf]nf]gL xf] ls eGg] cfef; lbG5 . zf;sLo lg/ª\s'ztf kl/jt{g ug{ ;lhnf] x'G5, t/ jf:t'snfsf] lg/ª\s'ztf Hofb} sfnhoL x'g] u5{ .

/fHosf] pRrtd cleJolQm
jf:t'snf eGg' g} zx/L ;Eotfsf] r/dr'nL / o;sf] ;a}eGbf k|v/ snfTds cleJolQm xf] . o'uf}Fo'u;Dd /lx/xg] s'g} ;Eotfsf] HjnGt klxrfgdWo] To; ;Eotfn] d'vl/t u/]sf] jf:t'snfsf] z}nL g} xf] . pRr zx/L ;Eotfsf] ljsf; ;+of]u dfq geO{ /fhgLlts b[9tf, Joj:yfksLo r':ttf / ;f}Gbo{ b[li6sf]0fsf] lgof]lht lqmofGjog xf] . ;an / ;Ifd /fHon] dfq ;kmn zx/L ;Eotfsf] hu a;fpg ;Sb5g\ lsgeg] Jojl:yt zx/Ls/0f eGg' g} oyfjt\ ef}uf]lns w/ftn / ;fdflhs cj:yfdf gofF ljj]sk"0f{ -¥ofzgn_ cg'zf;g / Joj:yf :yflkt ug'{ xf] . P]ltxfl;s ¿kdf x]g]{ xf] eg] :yfoL / cfTdljZjf;k"0f{ /fHon] dfq o;k|sf/sf] ;Eotf lgdf{0f ug{ ;Sb5g\ . h'g /fHosf zf;sx¿ cfˆg} cNksfnLg cl:tTjsf] nflu Jo:t /xG5g\ ltgn] zx/x¿sf] lgtfGt pkof]lutfjfbL -o'l6ln6l/on_ Jojyfkg klg ug{ ;Sb}gg\, pRr P:y]l6S;o'Qm jf:t'snfsf] pTkfbg t 6f9fsf] s'/f x'ghfG5 .

;kmn jf:t'snfn] ;xh pkof]lutfsf ;fy} To; o'us} ;j{>]i7 cfsf+Iff, ;Gb]z / k|]/0ffnfO{ k|ltWjlgt ug{ vf]h]sf] x'G5 . /fhgLlts l:y/tf / cfTdljZjf;sf] cefjdf /fHon] jf:t'snfsf] dfWodaf6 o'ufGtsf/L jQmJo lbg ;Sb}g . ;g\ !(%) sf] bzskl5 g]kfndf ;fj{hlgs jf:t'snfsf ;kmn pbfx/0f d'lZsnn] e]l6g] sf/0f klg oxL /fhgLlts cl:y/tf g} xf] . Hofb} cl:y/ ag]sf] /fHozlQmn] bL3{sfnLg b[li6 /fVg ;Dej g} x'Fb}g . oxL cg'ej s]xL c+z;Dd ef/tdf klg nfu" x'G5 . ToxfFsf] ;j{>]i7 jf:t'snfsf] pbfx/0f lnFbf of t xfdL d'un ;Qfn] lgdf{0f u/]sf nfnlsNnf, tfhdxn jf s't'a ldgf/nfO{ lnG5f}F geP cf}klgj]l;s cª\u|]h /fHon] agfPsf aDaO{sf] Ol08of u]6, lbNnLsf] /fi6«klt ejg jf snsQfsf] ueg{/sf] b/af/ cflbnfO{ lnG5f}F . ;g\ !($& sf] /fhgLlts kl/jt{gkl5 ef/tdf klxn]sf] :t/sf pRr jf:t'snfsf] /rgfdf sdL cfPsf] b]Vg ;lsG5 . o;k|sf/ /fi6«lgdf{0fsf] k|lqmof / jf:t'snfsf] cleJolQmdf clxn] ;f]lrPeGbf ulx/f] / k|ToIf ;DaGw /x]sf] x'G5 .

cJojl:yt / :j:km"t{ zx/Ls/0fsf] afah"b cfh sf7df8f}Fdf ljleGg ef}lts ;'ljwfx¿sf] sdL 5}g . 6]lnkmf]g, OG6/g]6, cf}iflw pkrf/, lzIff, oftfoft, ahf/ / pkef]Uo ;+:s[ltsf] lx;fan] sf7df8f}F g]kfnsf] Pp6} dfq k"0f{ zx/ x'g uPsf] 5 . /fhwfgLsf] cfGtl/s cy{tGq / ljsf; k|lqmofn] ubf{ cfh oxfFaf6 d'n'ssf cGo efux¿df k'Ug jf ;Dks{ ug'{eGbf ljZjsf cGo efux¿df hfgcfpg l56f] / ;lhnf] x'G5 . o:t} x/]s If]qdf /x]sf] sf7df8f}Fsf] Psn k|e'Tjsf sf/0f g} b]zleq / l5d]sL /fi6«sf l;dfGt k|fGtx¿af6 nfvf}Fsf] ;ª\Vofdf dflg;x¿ /fhwfgLdf cfˆgf] efUo lgdf{0f ug{ cf]Ol/Psf 5g\ . /fhwfgLnfO{ cfh cfˆg} ;kmntfaf6 pTkGg /f]un] ufFh]sf] b]lvG5 . c:jfefljs ;DkGgtfaf6 h;/L Pp6f JolQmsf] vfgkfgsf] dfqf a9\5, zf/Ll/s s;/t sd x'G5 / cGTodf o;n] /QmgnLdf af];f] hDdf eP/ d'6'sf] …PlGhgfÚ Joyf z'? x'G5, To;/L g} cfh /fhwfgLdf b]lvg] ljleGg ;d:ofx¿ c;Gt'lnt zx/ j[l4sf glthf x'g\ .

;'ljwf / ;d:of
sf7df8f}F} pkTosfdf nfvf}F ;jf/L ;fwg lelqPsf x'gfn] pkTosfleq cf]xf]/bf]xf]/ ug{ ;lhnf] ePsf] 5 . o;/L Psflt/ gofFgofF ef}lts ;'ljwfx¿ ylkFb} uPsf 5g\, t/ csf]{lt/ To;sf] plrt Joj:yfkg gePsf]n] cToGt hl6n 6«flkms hfd, k|b"if0f / ;jf/L ;'/Iffsf] ;d:of v8f ePsf 5g\ . oftfoftdf dfq geOsg /fhwfgLleqsf] lzIff, :jf:Yo, vfg]kfgLdf klg o:t} ;d:of 5g\ .
zx/L ;Eotfsf cfwf/e"t oL If]qx¿df ;fj{hlgs k|s[ltsf pkfox¿ vf]Hg'sf] ;§f JolQmjfbL ;dfwfg vf]Hg] k|j[lQn] zx/sf] hLjgsf] u'0f:t/ -Sjfln6L ckm nfOkm_ nfO{ tn ‰f/]sf] 5 . ;Ël7t lgsfon] ;'ne, ;'/lIft / e/kbf]{ ;fj{hlgs oftfoftsf] k|aGw ldnfpg ;s]sf eP ;a}n] JolQmut df]6/uf8Lx¿ lsg]/ ;8sdf 3'OFrf] nufpg'kg]{ cj:yf cfpFb}gYof] . To;} u/]/ ;fj{hlgs lzIff, :jf:Yo / vfg]kfgLsf] Go"gtd :t/ sfod ug{ ;s]sf] eP lghL :s"n, c:ktfn / vfg]kfgL Joj:yf / cfd hgtfn] pkof]u ug]{ ;]jfx¿sf] :t/ / d"Nodf cfsfzkftfnsf] c;/ kg]{ lyPg . gful/sx¿n] pkof]u ug]{ ef}lts / ;fdflhs ;]jfx¿df 7"nf] juL{o cGt/ cfpg' eg]sf] /fhgLlts cl:y/tf / unt 9Ësf] zx/Ls/0fsf] ;Í]t xf] .

sf7df8f}F–kf6g dxfgu/
h'g ult / k|sf/n] /fhwfgLsf] zx/L j[l4 eO/x]sf] 5, Tof] g} sf7df8f}Fsf] nflu ;a}eGbf 7"nf] vt/f aGg uPsf] 5 . cGtxLg kmfF6 geOsg of] pkTosf lglZrt kof{j/0fLo -Osf]nf]lhsn_ OsfO xf] h;df oxfFsf] ;Lldt df6f], jg:klt, kfgL / xfjfsf aLr Hofb} gfh's ;Gt'ng 5 . $%)) lkm6sf] pFrfOdf /x]sf] k"j{–klZrd @% ls=dL= nfdf] / pQ/–blIf0f @) ls=dL= rf}8f of] tfKs] cfsf/sf] pkTosfnfO{ ^))) lkm6b]lv ())) lkm6;Dd cUnf dxfef/t kxf8x¿n] kvf{n ‰}F 3]/]/ o;sf] kof{j/0fLo ;Ldf lgwf{/0f ul/lbPsf 5g\ . Ps tYofÍ cg';f/ ;g\ !(*% df pkTosfsf] hDdf e"efusf] $) k|ltzt c+zdf dfgjj:tL lyof] / afFsL ^) k|ltzt efudf v]t / vfnL hldg lyof] . dfq !% jif{kl5 cyf{t\ ;g\ @))) df pkTosfdf zx/ a9]/ ^) k|ltzt e"efu cf]ul6;s]sf] lyof], / v]t / rf}/x¿ v'lDrP/ $) k|ltzt e"efudf ;Lldt x'g k'u]sf lyP . of] dxŒjk"0f{ ;Í]t tYofÍsf] v]ndfq xf]OgM nfdf] ;do;Dd oxfF a:g] afl;Gbfx¿n] of] lj:tf/sf sf/0f pTkGg jftfj/0fLo c;Gt'ngsf] k|ToIf cg'ej ul//x]sf 5g\ . kf}/fl0fs syfsf …tLg k'/Úx¿ Ps eP‰}F a9\bf] zx/Ls/0fn] ubf{ sf7df8f}F / nlntk'/ t hf]l8P/ Ps eO;s]sf 5g\Ù afFsL zx/ eQmk'/ klg …sf7df8f}F–kf6g dxfgu/Ú ;Fu l56} hf]l8g] qmddf 5 .

ljut @) jif{df ePsf] pkTosfsf] j[l4b/ dfq} sfod /x]sf] v08df oxfFsf] afFsL hldg 3/, ahf/ / af6f]n] 9fSg %) jif{ klg nfUg] 5}g . of] a9\bf] l;d]G6 / sª\lqm6sf] hËndf zx/L hLjgsf] kmf]S;f]sf] ¿kdf sfd ug]{ kfs{, rf]s, au}Frf / cGo v'nf 7fpFsf] Joj:yf ug]{tkm{ s;}sf] ;f]rfO uPsf] 5}g . o;k|sf/sf] zx/ j[l4af6 /fhwfgL pkTosf kof{j/0fLo lx;fan] k"0f{tof d[t aGg] 5 . w"nf], k|b"if0f / df};ddf cfpg] k|lts"n c;/n] oxfFsf] hLjg u'0f:t/ Hofb} gfh's x'g]5 . t/ ;fwf/0f cj:yfdf Tof] ljGb' k'Ug'cl3 g} cGo k|fs[lts ;Ldfx¿n] c;Lldt j[l4df lgif]w /]vf sfod ub{5g\ . s'g} klg zx/ jf 7fpFsf] xfjf, kfgL, jg:klt, hg;ª\Vof / hldgsf] cg'kft oyfjt\ /x];Dd cJojl:yt ¿kdf eO/xg] j[l4n] Nofpg] cfly{s, ;fdflhs, kof{j/0fLo vr{ Joxf]g{ g;sL dflg;x¿ To; zx/df ghfg] jf ToxfFaf6 cGoq a;fOF;/fO hfg] k|lqmof z'? x'g yfN5 . sf7df8f}F pkTosf klg clxn] b]lvPsf] kfgLsf] cefj, kmf]xf]/, d}nf, jfo' / Wjlg k|b"if0f eL8 / dxFuLsf sf/0f cGoq ;g'{k5{ ls eGg] vfnsf] ;f]r k}bf x'g] cj:yf cfO;s]sf] 5 . cyjf pkTosfsf] y]Ug] Ifdtf -Sofl/ª Sofkl;6L_ gfl3;s]sf] ;Í]t ldNg yfn]sf] 5 . /fHon] pkTosf aflx/ hfg]nfO{ ;sf/fTds k|f]T;fxg / leq a:g rfxg]nfO{ gsf/fTds k|]/0ff lbg;s] /fhwfgLsf] kof{j/0fLo / hg;ª\Vofsf] pko'Qm ;Gt'ng c‰} klg sfod ug{ ;lsG5 . pkTosf aflx/ hfg]nfO{ ToxfFsf If]qLo zx/x¿ wgs'6f, lj/f6gu/, kf]v/f, a'6jn, ;'v]{t, sf]xnk'/, lbkfon, wgu9L tyf t/fO{sf w]/} zx/ahf/df cfw'lgs ;~rf/, oftfoft, :jf:Yo, lzIff, vfg]kfgL, dgf]/~hg cflbdf nufgL u/]/ jf nufgL ug]{ jftfj/0f agfP/ hg;ª\Vofsf] rfknfO{ Totflt/ cfslif{t ug{ ;lsG5 . o;sf nflu ef}lts ;+/rgfsf] lgdf{0fsf nflu ;x'lnotb/sf] Jofh / ;'ljwfx¿ lbg'kb{5 . sf7df8f}F leqsf] zx/Ls/0fnfO{ lg?T;flxt ug{ oxfF k|of]u x'g] lgdf{0f ;fdu|L h:t} l;d]G6, 58, k]G6, O{F6f, oxfF vkt x'g] OGwg / oxfF :yfkgf x'g] pBf]udf cltl/Qm s/ nufpg ;lsG5 .

ljho u/]kl5 pgL;Fu} pgsf s]xL ef/bf/ kl/jf/x¿ uf]vf{af6 sf7df8f}F ;/], t/ Tof] Tolt 7"nf] a;fOF;/fO lyPg . ;a} b]zel/ g} cfwf/ s[lif g} ePsfn] cGt lhNnfaf6 sf7df8f}F cfpg Tolt k|f]T;fxg lyPg . To;dfly klg ;g\ !(%) ;Dd t /S;f}nlt/af6 /fhwfgLleq cfpgnfO{ ;/sf/L /fxbfgL lng'kg]{ ePsfn] a;fOF;/fO lgolGqt lyof] . t/ ;g\ !(^) kl5sf bzsx¿df ko{6g, ljb]zL C0f / ;xof]uaf6 cfpg] k};f / ;/sf/L vr{sf] ljt/0f / afF8kmfF8 sf7df8f}Faf6 x'g] / b|'tultn] lj:tf/ eO/x]sf] ;/sf/L sd{rf/LtGq / ljb]zL nufgLsf cfof]hgfx?sf nflu egf{ s]Gb| pkTosf ag]kl5 b]z leq / l5d]sL d'n'saf6 ;d]t sf7df8f}Fdf hg;ª\Vofsf] cf]O/f] nfUg z'? eof] . b]zleq /fhdfu{sf] g]6js{ a9\bf of] qmdn] c¿ ;xof]u kfof] .

;f+:s[lts ljljwtf / ju{ ax'ntf
hg;ª\Vofsf] 3gTjn] sf7df8f}Fdf clxn] #) jif{ klxn] gb]lvg] ;f+:s[lts / ;fdflhs ljljwtf NofPsf] 5 . clxn] pkTosfleq dgfËL, d}lynL, z]kf{nL, w/fg] cflb ljleGg If]qLo / hftLo k;n, 6f]n / l5d]sLx¿ b]Vg ;lsG5 . ;f+:s[lts ljljwtfsf ;fy cfhsf] /fhwfgLdf gofF ju{x¿ klg k}bf ePsf 5g\ . klxn] oxfFsf d'Vo cfly{s–;fdflhs ju{x¿df zf;s, ;/sf/L sd{rf/L, Jofkf/L, s[ifs / sflnu8x¿ x'Gy] eg] otf cfP/ To;df ljsf;] sd{rf/Lx¿, g]tf, u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfsf ;~rfns, ;~rf/sdL{, dgf]/~hg snfsf/Ù k|fljlws / Jofj;flos gj wgf9\o ju{x¿ lgdf{0f ePsf 5g\ . gofF cfly{s kl/j]zn] k}bf u/]sf gofF Joj;fo / cj;/x¿n] /fhwfgLsf] k'/fgf] juL{o rl/qnfO{ dxŒjk"0f{ ¿kdf kl/jt{g u/]sf] / k/Dk/fut ;+/rgfnfO{ ax'nd'vL agfPsf] 5 . o; dfg]df ljleGg ;d:ofsf afah"b klg /fhwfgL pkTosfn] g]kfnsf] ljljwtfsf] k|ltlglwTj u/]sf]df o;nfO{ h; lbg} k5{ . Ps b'O{ k':tf cl3;Dd klg pkTosf aflx/sf dfG5]x¿ /fhwfgLnfO{ cfkm"eGbf km/s eGg] cy{df …g]kfn vfN8f]Ú eGg] ub{y] t/ clxn] æg]kfn vfN8f]Æ leGgtfsf] dfg]df xf]OgÙ &% lhNnfs} gful/sx¿sf] pkl:ylt / cfsf+Iffsf] ;f‰f ynf] x'guPsf] 5 . ;sf/fTds kl/j]zdf of] ;d–pkl:ylt /fli6«o gful/s ;+:s[ltsf] pTyfgsf] d'n s8L x'g;Sg]5 . nfv]gfr / OGb|hfqf ;Fu;Fu} cfh klZrdsf] uf}M/f, k"j{sf] wfg gfr, pQ/sf] nf];f/ / blIf0fsf] 58 kj{ dgfpg] zx/ sf7df8f}F pkTosf afx]s csf]{ 5}g . ;f+:s[lts ljljwtfsf] of] 7"nf] ;DklQ xf] h'g s]xL bzsotf /fhwfgLsf] gofF t/ ;sf/fTds rl/q ePsf] 5 .