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o:t} lyof] sDaf]l8of

sDaf]l8ofsf] t'cf]n :n]ª h]ndf tLg bzscl3 ePsf] cfdxTofsf b[Zox¿ x]bf{ nfU5, sDaf]l8ofnL h:tf xFl;nf, ldng;f/ / eb| dflg; t olt aa{/ x'g ;s] eg] o:tf] hxfF klg x'g ;S5 . vf;u/L To:tf b]zx¿df, hxfFsf] /fhgLlts l;4fGtn] …;fWon] ;fwgnfO{ ;xL 7x¥ofpF5Ú eGg] dfGotf cFufn]sf] x'G5 .

• s'Gb bLlIft, gf]dk]gdf

tl:a/x¿M s'Gb bLlIft

;ª\u|xfnoleq dfl/Psf s}bLx¿sf] tl:a/ cjnf]sg ub}{ Ps ljb]zL . vd]/ ?håf/f sf/fuf/ / oftgfu[xdf kl/0ft :s"n ejg . klxn]sf] :s"n clxn] ;ª\u|xfnodf kl/0ft ePsf] 5M dfl/Psf afnaflnsf / cGo s}bLsf tl:a/ . h]ndf s}bLn] agfPsf lrq, tVtfdf /flvPsf dfgjvKk/ . sIffsf]7fdf dfG5] y'Gg agfOPsf ;–;fgf vf]/x¿ . PÍf]/ jf6sf] Ps xhf/ jif{ k'/fgf], ;+;f/sf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] dlGb/ dflgg] lji0f' dlGb/sf] 9f]sfdfly s'FlbPsf] dxfef/t n8fO{Fsf] b[Zo / vDafdf $) jif{cl3sf] vd]/ ?h u[xo'4df nfu]sf uf]nLsf vf]lkN6f . t'cf]n :n]ª h]ndf klxn]sf] sIffsf]7fdf s}bLnfO{ oftgf lbg k|of]u ug]{ ul/Psf] kmnfd] vf6 . ;ª\u|xfnodf /flvPsf] vd]/ ?h afn ;}lgsx¿sf] tl:a/ . ;ª\u|xfnodf s}bLx¿nfO{ afFWg k|of]u ul/Psf] g]nsf] k[i7e"lddf kf]n kf]6sf] afFsL /x]sf] Ps dfq d"lt{ .

sDaf]l8ofsf] /fhwfgL gf]dk]gsf] Pp6f zfGt efudf gl/jnsf ¿vx¿sf] 5xf/L k/]sf] af6f]sf] 5]j}df 5, …t'cf]n :n]ªÚ h]n . g]kfnsf] t/fO{sf zx/x¿df b]lvg] :s"n ejg h:t} 5 of] h]n . x'g klg sDaf]l8ofdf k|mfG;]nL pklgj]z zf;g x'Fbf of] tLgtn] ejg Pp6f …ln;]Ú -dfWolds ljBfno_ g} lyof] . t/ Tof] :s"n clxn] ;g\ !(&% b]lv !(&( ;Dd sDaf]l8ofdf ePsf] g/;+xf/;Fu ;DalGwt Pp6f ;ª\u|xfno …h]gf];fO8 Do'lhodÚ df kl/0ft ePsf] 5 .

vd]/ ?h zf;gn] of] :s"ndf y'g]/ s/La !! xhf/ dflg;nfO{ df/]sf] lyof], h;dWo] b'O{ xhf/ afnaflnsf lyP . :s"nsf] sIffsf leQfdf ANofsaf]8{ c‰} ‰'l08Psf 5g\ . x/]s sIffsf]7f leq Pshgf dfG5] ;'Tg dfq ;Sg] Ps ;n O{F6sf ;–;fgf vf]/x¿ agfOPsf 5g\ . sf]7fleq Ps–Ps j6f sf]k/f / kfgL vfg] uf]lN6g clg e'O{Fdf s}bLx¿nfO{ afFw]/ /fVg] l;qmL 5g\ . rf/ j6f sIffsf]7fnfO{ ;f]wk'5 ug]{ sf]7fdf kl/0ft ul/Psf] /x]5, hxfF s}bLnfO{ afFw]/ ;'tfpg] kmnfdsf] vf6 / oftgf lbg] cg]s yl/sf cf}hf/x¿ /flvPsf 5g\ . x]g{ cfpg]x¿nfO{ nfU5, #) jif{cl3 oL sf]7fsf leQfx¿n] s:tf–s:tf eofgs / cdfgjLo qm"/tf b]v] xf]nfg\ .

t'cf]n :n]ªsf s}bLx¿ sDaf]l8ofsf ;a} efuaf6 NofOGy] . ltgdf Jofkf/L, lzIfs, snfsf/, n]vs, a'l4hLjL, s[ifs, sd{rf/L / ltgsf kl/jf/x¿ x'Gy] . ;a}nfO{ oxfF Nofpg'sf] Pp6} sf/0f x'GYof]M pgLx¿nfO{ vQd ug'{ . t/ lsg xf] of] h]nsf lgb]{zs, vfO{ª v]s OPa -8'r_ n] dfl/g] dflg;x¿ ;a}sf] tl:a/ lvr]/ k"/} ljj/0f btf{ u/]sf /x]5g\ . vd]/ ?h zf;gsf] cGTokl5, ;g\ !(&( df t'cf]n :n]ªdf tL tl:a/ / b:tfj]hsf rfª e]l6P . To;}a]nfb]lv of] g/;+xf/ ePsf] 7fpF …SofDaf]l8og h]gf];fO8 Do'lhodÚ df kl/0ft eof] .

c¿ ;ª\u|xfno h:tf] 5}g, t'cf]n :n]ª . of] d[To'sf] ;ª\u|xfno xf], h;sf] d"n nIo s;/L dflg;n] g} olt cdfgjLo lqmofsnfk ug{ ;S5 eg]/ bz{sx¿nfO{ 3R3Rofpg' xf] eg] p2]Zo o:tf] qm"/ Oltxf; bf]xf]¥ofpg vf]Hg]x¿nfO{ To;f] ug{ glbg' . sDaf]l8ofnL h:tf xFl;nf, ldng;f/ / eb| dflg;n] klg o:tf] aa{/tf b]vfpg ;Snfg\ eg]/ kTofpg} ;lsFb}g . hgfj/x¿n] klg c¿ hgfj/nfO{ o:tf] Jojxf/ ub}{gg\ . nfU5, qm"/tfdf s'g} klg b]zsf] Psflwsf/ x'Fbf] /x]g5 . sDaf]l8ofdf o:tf] /fhgLlts cfdxTof x'g;Sof] eg] of] hxfF klg x'g ;S5 . vf;u/L To:tf b]zx¿df, hxfFsf] /fhgLlts l;4fGtn] …;fWon] ;fwgnfO{ ;xL 7x¥ofpF5Ú eGg] dfGotfnfO{ cFufn]sf] x'G5 .

t'cf]n :n]ªsf] cjnf]sg ug{ cfPsf s}of}F hfkfgL / ci6«]lnog ko{6sx¿ ToxfF dfl/Psf afnaflnsfx¿sf] tl:a/ x]g{ g;s]/ sf]7faf6 efu] . c¿ cfFvfel/ cfF;' kfb}{ x]b}{ uP– Pp6f sIffsf]7fkl5 csf]{ sIffsf]7fdf dfl/Psf ;of}F dflg;sf cg'xf/x¿ . Pp6f sf]7fdf vd]/ efiffdf s}bLx¿n] kfng ug{'kg]{ lgodx¿ n]v]/ 6fFluPsf] /x]5M

æa9\tf hfGg] x'g] xf]Og, eg]sf] v'?v'? dfGg], ;a} ;f]w]sf] s'/fsf] l9nf] gu/L hjfkm lbg], lk6\bf v]/L g?g], gs/fpg], g6]/] c‰} lk6fO / lah'nLsf] s/]G6 vfg]5;\ .Æ

t'cf]n :n]ª Pp6f gd"gf dfq} xf], sDaf]l8ofdf ePsf] g/;+xf/sf] . vd]/ ?h /fHosfnsf rf/ jif{df b]zel/ !@–!% nfv dflg; dfl/Psf Oltxf;sf/x¿sf] cg'dfg 5 . Tolta]nf sDaf]l8ofsf] hg;ª\Vof &) nfv lyof] . of] d'n'sdf o:tf] g/;+xf/ s;/L x'g ;Sof] < cGt/f{li6«o hut / blIf0f k"j{ Pl;ofsf l5d]sL d'n'sx¿n] lsg of] ;a} x'g lbP <

;g\ !(&% df leotgfd o'4 ev{/ ;dfKt ePsf] lyof] . To; o'4sf] qmddf cd]l/sLx¿n] aL–%@ adjif{s ljdfgåf/f sDaf]l8of / leotgfddf eLif0f adjiff{ u/] klg pgLx¿sf] k/fho ePsf] lyof] . o:tf] l:yltdf cfkm"nfO{ dfcf]jfbL sDo'lgi6 eGg] vd]/ ?h gf]dk]gdf /fh ul//x]sf] cd]l/sL ;dy{s hg/n nf]g gf]nsf] ;}lgs zf;gnfO{ rfF8} 9fNg ;kmn eof] .

vd]/ ?hnfO{ z'?df ;fy lbPsf leotgfdsf sDo'lgi6x¿n] ;dy{g ug{ 5f]8]kl5 vd]/x¿ leotgfd lj/f]wL / 3f]/ /fi6«jfbL eP . vd]/ ?hsf g]tfx¿ k|mfG;df k9\bf jfdkGyL ljrf/wf/fdf nfu]sf / sDaf]l8ofdf /fhkl/jf/sf] lgs6 lyP . t/ clnkl5 vd]/ ?h g]tf kf]nkf]6, vLp ;fDkmfg, OPª ;f/L / ;f]g ;]gx¿ ;}lgs zf;sdfly ljho xfl;n ub}{ hfFbf pu| jfdkGyL ljrf/wf/f / ;z:q ;+3if{lt/ df]l8Fb} uP . pgLx¿ eGby], æxfdL n]lggeGbf z'4 5f}F, dfcf]T;]t'ªeGbf !) jif{ cufl8 5f}F . xfd|f] qmflGt ju{ qmflGt xf]Og, Oltxf;s} lj/f]wsf] qmflGt xf] .Æ nf]g gf]nnfO{ k/flht u/]/ zx/sf hgtfnfO{ ufpFlt/ wkfPkl5 vd]/ ?hn] k};f eGg] rLh g} x6fOlbPsf lyP . To;}sf] kl/0ffd xf], cfh #) jif{kl5 klg sDaf]l8ofsf ufpFsf k;nx¿df ;d]t cd]l/sL 8n/ rNtLdf 5 .

ufpFn] zx/nfO{ 3]g]{ dfcf]sf] s[ifs qmflGtnfO{ c‰ pu| ?k lbFb} vd]/ ?hn] zx/af6 ;a} dflg;x¿nfO{ n3f/]/ ufpFdf k7fO{ ls;fg agfpg] gLlt lnof] . To;}sf] kl/0ffd:j?k !^ clk|n !(&% df gf]dk]g sAhf u/]sf] s]xL 306fd} pgLx¿n] ToxfFsf afl;Gbfx¿nfO{ hah{:tL ufpFlt/ v]b\g yfn]sf lyP . pgLx¿ ufpFdf wkfOPsfx¿nfO{ l;+rfO{ s'nf] vGg / wfg /f]Kg nufpFy] . ;fd"lxs efG5f x'GYof] . afnaRrfx¿n] cfdfafa' eGbf cnUu} /x]/ sfd ug{' kYof]{ . sfd ug{ g;Sg] a"9fkfsf, n'nf nË8fx¿nfO{ t pgLx¿n] z'?d} 5fgL–5fgL df/]sf lyP . To;kl5 /flt–/flt a]kQf kfb}{ dWodjuL{o a'l4hLjL, sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ df/] . gdfl/g]x¿ /f]u nfu]/ cyjf vfg gkfP/ d/] . xfd|f] sDaf]l8ofnL ;fyL k|f]Oªsf cfˆg} cfdfafa' l;Pd /Lk eGg] zx/df a:y] . ;g\ !(&% df pgLx¿nfO{ c¿ xhf/f}F kl/jf/;Fu} ufpFlt/ n3fl/of] . pgLx¿n] !$ 306f wfg /f]Kg], s'jf vGg] sfd ug{'kYof]{, la/fdL eP/ sfd ug{ g;Sg]x¿ w]/}nfO{ vd]/ ?hsf lhNnf k|d'vn] 6fpsf]df 9'Ëfn] xfg]/ df/]sf lyP . c¿ slt cfkm}F vfg gkfP/ d/] . k|f]Oªsf cfdfafa' s;f] s;f] afFr], t/ xf85fnf dfq lyP . pgsf] kl/jf/sf afFsL ;a} ;b:ox¿ ;vfk eP .

To;f] t vd]/ ?hsf] zf;gz}nL s:tf] x'G5 eGg] s'/f klxNo} yfxf gePsf] xf]Og . gf]dk]g ljho ug'{cl3 g} cfˆgf cfwf/ Onfsfx¿df pgLx¿n] o:tf] zf;gz}nL k|bz{g ul/;s]sf lyP . sDaf]l8ofdf pgLx¿n] ;g\ !(&! b]lv g} d'';ndfgx¿nfO{ ;'Fu'/ sf6]/ vfg afWo t'Nofpg] -Pp6f ufpFdf o;sf] k|ltsf/ ug]{ @% hgf d';ndfgnfO{ dfl/lbP_, a'4 dlGb/x¿ aGb ug]{, leIf'x¿nfO{ n3fg]{ / dfg]{, :s"nx¿ aGb u/]/ !) jif{sf afnaflnsf / ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ cfˆgf] ;]gfdf tflnd lbO{ elt{ ug]{, dflg;x¿nfO{ Pp6f ufpFaf6 csf]{ ufpFdf hfg /f]s nufpg], ;fd"lxs efG5f nfu" ug]{ sfdx¿ u/]sf lyP . of] ;a} vd]/ ?hsf] lgs6 ;dy{s rLgsf ;fy} l5d]sL yfONof08 / cd]l/sfnfO{ ;d]t yfxf lyof] . t/ leotgfddf xf/]/ yfs]sf] cd]l/sfsf nflu vd]/ ?h cfˆgf] zq' -leotgfd_ sf] zq' ePsf]n] …;fyLÚ 7xl/of] . leotgfds} zq' ePsf]n] rLg / yfONof08n] klg vd]/ ?hnfO{ To;}u/L x]/] . /, sDaf]l8ofdf pgLx¿n] nfvf}F dflg; dfl//x]sf] yfxf kfP/ klg of] qmdnfO{ /f]Sg s;}n] s'g} cu|;/tf b]vfPgg\ . pN6} vd]/ ?hsf] slyt …8]df]qm]l6s sDk'lrofÚ nfO{ ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf] ;b:otf ;d]t lbnfP .

sDaf]l8ofsf /fhf l;+xfg'sn] ;d]t vd]/ ?h 5fkfdf/ ;d"xnfO{ /fi6«jfbL 7fg]/ ;dy{g u/]sf lyP . vd]/ ?hsf] ljhokl5 l;+xfg'snfO{ gf]dk]gdf /fhu2Ld} /flvof] . o;}sf/0f sDaf]l8of ;+;f/df clxn];Ddsf] Ps dfq …dfcf]jfbL /fhtGqfTdsÚ d'n's dflgG5 . t/ cfkm"nfO{ ;dy{g u/] klg vd]/ ?hn] /fhkl/jf/sf !@ hgf ;b:onfO{ df/]sf] lyof], h;dWo] /fhf l;+xfg'ssf kfFr hgf 5f]/f5f]/L klg lyP .

cfªsf]/af6 ‰g]{ qmddf ToxfFsf] k|l;4 Pj+ ljzfn lji0f'sf] dlGb/ glhs} Pp6f u?8sf] d"lt{ x]/]/ kmls{Fb} lyof}F . æ8\jfªÆ 7"nf] cfjfh cfof] hËnaf6 . sDaf]l8og ;fyL k|f]Oªn] eg], æpm csf]{ Nof08dfOg k8\Sof] .Æ #)–$) jif{cl3 /flvPsf Nof08dfOgaf6 c‰} ls;fg / pgLx¿sf 5f]/f5f]/L dl//x]sf 5g\ . clnk/ xfd|f] ;fyLn] Pp6f cUnf] df6f]sf] y'k|f] / To;dfly Pp6f sf7sf] kmNofs uf8]sf] 7fpF b]vfof] . To; 7fpFdf b'O{ xhf/ dflg;sf] nfz ufl8Psf] /x]5 . æof] b]zel/ o:tf lrxfgx¿ xhf/f}F 5g\Æ, k|f]Oªn] eg], æo:tf c¿ xhf/f}F lrxfg ePsf] cg'dfg 5, t/ sxfF–sxfF 5g\ eGg] c‰} yfxf x'g;s]sf] 5}g .Æ

vd]/ ?hsf] p2]Zo aflx/L d'n'saf6 lgb]{lzt gePsf] Pp6f …;kmf qmflGtÚ -lSng l/ef]No'zg_ ug'{lyof] . t/ dfgj ;Eotflj?4 olt eofjx ck/fw u/]/ klg vd]/ ?hsf g]tfn] ;hfo / pgLx¿af6 kLl8tn] Gofo kfPgg\ . kf]nkf]6 rf/ jif{ cufl8 sfnultn] d/], c¿ g]tfx¿ klg To:t} u/]/ laTb}5g\ . s'g} a]nf vd]/ ?h g} /x]sf xfnsf sDaf]l8og k|wfgdGqL x'g ;]g eg]kl5 Tof] kf6L{ 5f8]/ leotgfd;Fu ldnL ;g\ !(&( df vd]/ ?hnfO{ k/f:t ug{ ;kmn ePsf x'g\ . ut xKtf gf]d k]gdf t'cf]n :n]ªsf k"j{ s}bLx¿n] cfkm"nfO{ oftgf lbg] vd]/ ?h sfo{stf{ 8'rsf] …bL3f{o'Ú sf] sfdgf u/]/ w"k afln/x]sf lyP . lsgeg], clxn] d'2f rln/x]sf] / la/fdL eP/ c:ktfndf al;/x]sf] 8'r ;hfo gkfOsg gd/f];\ eg]/ pgLx¿n] o:tf] sfdgf u/]sf x'g\ .

vd]/ ?hsf] qmflGtsf af/]df w]/} k':tsx¿ n]lvPsf 5g\ . w]/} vf]hlag ePsf] 5 . kLl8tx¿sf aofg 5flkPsf 5g\ . l;g]df / j[Qlrq ag]sf 5g\ . vd]/ ?hn] !) nfveGbf a9L sDaf]l8ofnL gful/sx¿sf] Hofg lnPsf]df s'g} ljjfb 5}g . ljjfb o:tf] vfnsf] g/;+xf/ lgDTofpg] /fhgLlts l;4fGt s:tf] xf] eGg]df 5 . Ps b'O6f s'/f k|:6 5g\M cd]l/sL adjif{s ljdfg aL–%@ n] u/]sf] eLif0f adjiff{n] ubf{ w]/} sDaf]l8ofnL ls;fgx¿ vd]/ ?hdf ;lDdlnt x'g afWo eP . ToxL cd]l/sf, clg rLg / yfONof08n] leotgfdsf] zq' ePsfn] vd]/ ?hnfO{ h] ug{ klg lbP .

vd]/ ?hsf] l;4fGt cftÍ / qf;df cfwfl/t lyof] . Psfb'O{ ckjfb afx]s w]/}h;f] vd]/ ?h sd/]8x¿ Psbd} qm"/, kfzljs / cdfgjLo :jefjsf lyP . sDaf]l8of ;+;f/sf] Oltxf;df gfhL hd{gLkl5sf] g/;+xf/sf] csf]{ gd"gf aGof] . hd{gLdf vf;u/L ox'bLx¿nfO{ dfl/Psf] lyof] eg] vd]/ ?hn] zxl/of dWod ju{nfO{ cfˆgf] d"n zq' dfGof] . o;afx]s e]l6P hltsf u}/–vd]/ gful/sx¿nfO{ klg ;vfk kfl/P .

vd]/ ?hx¿ ;g\ !(&% df ;Qfdf cfPb]lv g} km'6\g yfn]sf lyP . lx+;fnfO{ cFufn]sf] kf6L{ ePsfn], dg gk/]sf] v]dfsf ;a}n] kmfF;Ls} ;hfo kfpFy] . g/dkGyLsf] cf/f]k dfq nfUg' kYof]{, sd/]8n] sd/]8nfO{ g} l;4\ofOxfNy] . kf]n kf]6n] k]l/;df ;Fu} k9]sf cfˆgf] ;a}eGbf ldNg] ;fyLx¿ vd]/ ?h g]tf x' gLd / x' o'jf]gnfO{ ;d]t 5f8]gg\ . pgLx¿ !(&& df t'cf]n :n]ªd} dfl/Psf lyP . c¿ y'k|} vd]/ ?hsf g]tf / Sof8/x¿ klg o;}u/L cfˆg} sd/]8sf xftaf6 dfl/Psf 5g\ . cfˆgf /fhgLlts ;xof]uLx¿sf] xTofaf/] kf]n kf]6nfO{ kSs} yfxf ePsf] x'g'k5{ . t/ pgn] To;df s'g} lrGtf u/]sf] h:tf] b]lvPg, a? pN6f] o;}nfO{ g} cfˆgf] l;4fGtlgi7fsf] kl/rfossf] ¿kdf lnP . kf]n kf]6sf] zlQmsf] ;|f]t g} qf; lyof] .

cfhsf] sDaf]l8ofn] xfdLnfO{ s] kf7 l;sfpF5 eg], e"/fhgLlts lx;fan] /0fgLlts dxTjsf] 7fpFdf x'g' klg s'g} b]zsf] nflu ;/fk x'Fbf]/x]5 . ;Qfdf a:g]x¿n] ;dod} ;'wf/d'vL / ;dfj]zL k|hftGqsf] lbzfdf 7f]; sbd rfNg' kbf]{/x]5 . lx+;f / xTof z'? ePkl5 sxfF uP/ 6'+lug] xf] yfxf x'Fbf]/x]g5 / b]z} :jfxf x'Fbf]/x]5 . lx+;fdf ljZjf; ug]{x¿ kl5 uP/ lx+;fs} sf/0f dbf{ /x]5g\ / To:tf] qmflGtn] cfˆg} aRrfx¿nfO{ lgNbf]/x]5 . dWod ju{nfO{ Wj:t kfg{ Tolt ;lhnf] /x]g5, h;sf] cfˆg} ;antf / Ifdtf x'Fbf]/x]5 . /, cGtdfM hlt;'s} r'gf}tLk"0f{ l:ylt cfP klg To;af6 plDsP/ /fi6«, /fli6«otf / dfgjtf km]l/ cfˆgf] ;fdfGo cl:tTj hf]ufpg ;kmn x'Fbf /x]5g\ .