l/kf]6{÷sd}of

sd}ofsf] sGtlahf]u

• /fd]Zj/ af]x/f

tl:a/x¿ /fd]Zj/ af]x/f

h'lQmgu/, alb{ofsf] sd}of lzlj/ .

alb{ofsf] sflnsf uflj;–$ df /x]sf] Pp6f 5fk|] lzlj/df k'Ug]ljlQs} b]Vg kfOG5, of] bogLo cj:yf . oxfF :ofpnfn] agfOPsf d'Qm sd}ofsf ;of}F 5fk|f 5g\ . kfgL dfq xf]Og, zLt ;d]t l5g]{ / Pshgf dfG5] klg /fd|f];Fu c6\g d'lZsn kg]{ oL 5fk|fdf k'/} kl/jf/ a:5g\ . lzlj/ jl/kl/ sfd kfOFb}g . b}lgs u'hf/f rnfpg d'lZsn 5 . olt;Dd ls, sfd gkfPsf] lbg ef]s} ;'Tg] afgL ;d]t kl/;Sof] pgLx¿nfO{ . !* jifL{of ljdnf rf}w/L elG5g\, ædhb'/L ug{ gkfPsf] lbg ef]sef]s} a:g'k5{ .Æ

…h'lStgu/ d'Qm sd}of lzlj/Ú gfd lbOPsf] Tof] ‰'k8L 6f]ndf kl/jf/;lxt a;]sf sln/fd yf¿ b'Mv];f] kf]V5g\, æoxfF ga;] cf]t nfUg] 7fpF klg 5}g, sxfF hfg" ÛÆ x'gklg oxfF a:g] Ps xhf/ 3/kl/jf/sf s/La ;ft xhf/ d'Qm sd}ofx¿sf] oxL :ofpn] 5fk|f] afx]s ;DklQsf gfddf c? s]xL 5}g . sfd vf]Hg g]kfnuGh, u'nl/of / sf]xnk'/;Dd k'Ug'k5{ . ahf/af6 w]/} 6f9f hËn5]psf] a;fO ePsf]n] dhb'/L ug{ hfg} ;d:of 5 . uP klg vf]h]sf] a]nf sfd kfOFb}g . t}klg kl/jf/ kfNg] sfd ToxL clglZrt dhb'/Ldf lge{/ 5 .

;a}eGbf 7"nf] lahf]u vfg]kfgLsf] 5 . ‰08} ;ftxhf/ dfG5]sf nflu b'O6f dfq} wf/f 5g\ . Tof] klg pgLx¿ cfkm}Fn] k};f p7fP/ agfPsf . vfg]kfgLsf] kL8f ;'gfpFb} lzlj/sf cu'jf cfzf/fd yf¿ eG5g\, æslxn]sfxLF t kfgLsf nflu lbgel/sf] kfnf] s'g'{k5{ . wf/f lalu|of] eg] kfgL vfg ;d]t kfOFb}g .Æ

sfuhL 3f]if0ff
@ ;fpg @)%& df sd}of d'lStsf] 3f]if0ff ePotf ;/sf/n] pgLx¿sf] lxtdf s'g} g s'g} sfo{qmd 3f]if0ff gu/]sf] s'g} jif{ g} 5}g . pgLx¿sf] k'gM:yfkgf / j[lQ–ljsf;sf nflu x/]s jif{ 7"nf] wg/fzL vr{ eO/x]sf] 5 . o;df ;/sf/ eGbf 7"nf] rf;f] bft[;+:yf, cfO{PghLcf], PghLcf]n] 7"nf] rf;f] lnO/x]sf 5g\ . klZrd t/fO{sf bfª, afFs], alb{of, s}nfnL / s~rgk'/ u/L kfFr lhNnfdf /x]sf d'Qm sd}ofsf nflu u}/;/sf/L If]qaf6 clxn];Dd ;f9] b'O{ ca{ ?k}ofF hlt vr{ eO;s]sf] 5 . PS;g P8 g]kfnsf] Ps cWoog cg';f/, !) j6f cfO{PghLcf]dfkm{t\ ;g\ @))# df dfq} d'Qm sd}ofsf nflu eg]/ ?=%* s/f]8 ^) nfveGbf a9L vr{ ePsf] 5 . cGt/f{li6«o >d ;Ë7g, ljZj vfB sfo{qmd, hL6Lh]8, PdP; g]kfn, s]o/ g]kfn, PS;g P8 g]kfn, ;]e b lrN8«]g o'P;, 8flg8f, n'y|g jN8{ km]8/]zgnufotsf cGt/f{li6«o bft[;+:yf, ;xof]u ;+:yf / u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿n] #) j6feGbf a9L :yfgLo u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfdfkm{t\ sd}of If]qdf sfd ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . st}st} u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfn] u/]sf nufgLsf] k|ltkmn klg b]lvPsf] 5 . h:t}, afFs], /‰]gfsf] d'Qm sd}of lzlj/ h'lQmgu/sf] h:tf] 5}g . ToxfF a:g] kSsL 3/, 3/3/df wf/f, zf}rfno, s/];faf/L, ;fydf ;Lkd"ns tflndh:tf cfwf/e"t ;a} s'/fsf] ;'ljwf 5 . cGoqsf sltko sd}of lzlj/df ljBfno / v]Ng] d}bfg;Dd 5g\, t/ h'lQmgu/sf sd}ofnfO{ vfg] kfgL;Dd 5}g . h'lStgu/sf nflu g s'g} u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfn] ;xof]u u/]sf 5g\, g ;/sf/ g} k'u]sf] 5 . clgns'df/ yf¿ eG5g\ æxfd|f gfddf y'k|} k};f cfPsf] ;'G5fF}, t/ xfdLnfO{ wf/f] agfpg klg s;}n] ;xof]u u/]sf] 5}g .Æ

h'lStgu/df 5fk|fx¿ agfOPsf] hldg skf; ljsf; ;ldltsf] ;/sf/L hUuf xf] . dfcf]jfbLn] ;f] ;ldltsf] &@% x]S6/ hUuf sAhf u/]/ !% ;fpgb]lv To;dWo] $% x]S6/df d'Qm sd}ofx¿nfO{ ;xfg'e"lt b]vfpFb} a:g lbPsf x'g\ . ;/sf/n] hUuf glbPkl5 larNnLdf k/]sf d'Qm sd}ofx¿nfO{ of] hUufdf a;f]af; ug{ hfg'sf] ljsNk klg lyPg . afFsL hUuf dfcf]jfbLn] afF‰} 5f8]sf 5g\ . cfzf/fd yf¿ eG5g\, æTof] hUuf afF‰} 5f8\g'eGbf sd;]sd hf]Tg lbP xfdL ;fF‰laxfgsf] s]xL u'hf/f uYof}{F .Æ

lj;/f yf¿h:tf Ps xhf/ sd}of kl/jf/n] ;/sf/L kl/rokq kfPsf 5}gg\ .

kl/rokq ePg
lhNnf e"ld;'wf/ sfof{non] d'Qm sd}ofnfO{ /ftf], gLnf] / kx]Fnf] sf8{ cyf{t\ kl/rokq lbg] u5{ . t/, h'lStgu/sf Ps xhf/ d'Qm sd}of kl/jf/df s;}n] klg To:tf] sf8{ kfPsf 5}gg\ . lj;/f yf¿ eG5g\, ækl/rokq agfpg w]/}kN6 lgj]bg lbof}F, t/ kfOPsf] 5}g . xfdL;Fu e"ld;'wf/ sfof{nodf lgj]bg lbPsf] btf{ gDa/ dfq 5 .Æ

;/sf/ / k|foM u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿n] klg sf8{ ePsf d'Qm sd}ofnfO{ dfq k'gM:yfkgfsf] Joj:yf / cGo ;xof]u, ;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg] ub{5g\ . afFs]sf e"ld;'wf/ clwsf/L cd[t sdf{rfo{ eG5g\, æsf8{ kfPsf d'Qm sd}ofx¿ dfq k'gM:yfkgfsf] ;"rLdf 5g\, c¿nfO{ Tof] ;"rLdf /flvFb}g .Æ e"ld;'wf/ dGqfnon] sd}of d'lQmsf] 3f]if0ffnuQ} @)%& ;fndf ;+sng u/]sf] tYofÍ cg';f/ bfª, afFs], alb{of, s}nfnL / s~rgk'/df !& xhf/ @!) kl/jf/ d'Qm sd}of lyP . t/ u}/–;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿n] pgLx¿sf] ;ª\Vof of]eGbf w]/}, s/La $) xhf/ kl/jf/ /x]sf] bfjL u/]sf 5g\ . Jofsjf8{ ;f];fO6L Ph's]zg -a];_ sf cWoIf l8NnL rf}w/L eG5g\, æd'Qm sd}ofsf] ;ª\Vof ;/sf/L tYofÍdf pNn]v ul/PeGbf bf]Aa/ x'g;S5 .Æ

kl/rokq gx'g]x¿ k|z:t} 5g\ . afFs], kmQ]k'/ uflj;l:yt sd}of8fF8f lzlj/sf *@ kl/jf/sf] klg h'lStgu/s} h:tf] xfnt 5 . ;/sf/L sfo{qmd t clxn];Dd k'u]g–k'u]g, u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf klg k'u]sf 5}gg\ . kl/rokq 5}g . lzlj/sf] hLjg cToGt bogLo 5 . *@ kl/jf/sf nflu vfg]kfgLsf] Pp6f dfq wf/f 5 .

e"ld;'wf/ dGqfnon] ;/sf/L tYofÍdf 5'6]sf d'Qm sd}ofnfO{ sf8{ ljt/0f ug{ @)%( ;fndf lgj]bg lbg cfx\jfg u¥of] . 5'6]sfx¿ sltn] e"ld;'wf/ sfof{nodf lgj]bg klg lbP, t/ clxn];Dd klg pgLx¿n] sf8{ kfPsf 5}gg\ . e"ld;'wf/ sfof{non] jt{dfg kl/l:yltsf sf/0f lgj]bgdfly 5nkmn / 5fglag ug{ g;lsPsf] atfPsf] 5 . e"ld;'wf/ clwsf/L sdf{rfo{ eG5g\, æclxn] 5fglag ug{ ufpF hfg ;Sg] cj:y} 5}g .Æ

km]l/ sd}of
h'lStgu/af6 Ps306fsf] af6f] klg 5}g ;f]x|xjf ufpF . h'lStgu/df a;]sf d'Qm sd}ofx¿n] kl/rokq gkfP klg hldGbf/sf] 3/ 5f8\g] lgwf] u/]sf lyP . t/, ;f]x|xjfsf #& kl/jf/ kl/rokq gkfPkl5 hldGbf/s} 3/df sd}of al;/xg] ;'/ s;] . :yfgLo hldGbf/ uf]kfndfg >]i7sf] 3/df sd}of a;]sf lj;/f yf¿ eG5g\, æs]xL gnfu]kl5 km]l/ klg hldGbf/s} 3/df a:g] lgwf] u/]F .Æ
;/sf/n] kl/rokq ;d]t glbPkl5 pgLx¿ km]l/ sd}of a:g afWo ePsf x'g\ . >]i7s} 3/df sd}of a:b} cfPsf hLtaxfb'/ yf¿sf] egfOdf, ;f]x|xjfdf uf]kfndfg, :ju]{dfg / b|Jodfg >]i7sf 3/df ^–^ kl/jf/ sd}of a;]sf 5g\ . ufpFsf c¿ hldGbf/sf] 3/df klg 5g\ . pgLx¿n] hldGbf/sf] hUuf sdfpg kfPkl5 3/df cfOkg]{ ;a} sfd klg ug{'k5{ . To;afkt kfOg] pAhgL ePsf] wfgsf] tLg efusf] Ps efu -lqs'6_ af6 3/kl/jf/sf] u'hf/f rnfpg' k5{ . sltko t lxhf]sf] C0f ltg{ g;s]/ sd}of al;/x]sf 5g\ . lj;/f yf¿ eG5g\, æhldGbf/af6 lnPsf] ;ft xhf/ C0f clxn];Dd ltg{ ;s]sf] 5}g . Tof] glt/];Dd sxfF 3/ 5f8\g kfOG5 / ÛÆ
@ ;fpg @)%& df tTsfnLg z]/axfb'/ b]pjf ;/sf/n] sd}of d'lStsf] 3f]if0ff ub}{ cab]lv sd}of /fVg gkfOg], /fv]df s8f b08 / hl/jfgf x'g] tyf sd}ofsf] ;a} C0f ldgfxf ug]{ 3f]if0ff u/]sf] lyof] . t/, d'Qm eO;s]sfsf] b'Mv / d'Qm x'g g;ls/x]sfx¿sf] kL8f lxhf] eGbf sxfnLnfUbf] ePsf] 5 .