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zfxL sbdkl5sf] ;'b"/klZrd
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;'g;fg 5 Pdfn]sf] s~rgk'/ sfof{no .
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zfxL 3f]if0ffkl5
;'b"/klZrdsf s~rgk'/, a}t8L / bfr'{nfaf6 g]kfnL sfª\u|];,
g]skf -Pdfn]_, hgdf]rf{sf g]tf–sfo{stf{ ef/tlt/ nfu]sf 5g\ .
t/ ltgsf] ;ª\Vof / ef/tdf s] ub{}5g\ eGg]af/]df rflxF olsg
hfgsf/L pknAw 5}g . sfª\u|];sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf ;'b"/klZrd
OGrfh{ ljgoWjh rGb, a}t8L ;efklt g/]Gb| lji6 / bfr'{nfsf g]tf lbn]Gb|k|;fb
a8" bh{gf}F sfo{stf{;lxt jgaf;f / lkyf}/fu9 tyf hgdf]rf{, s~rgk'/sf
b'O{ bh{g g]tf–sfo{stf{ 6gsk'/ uPsf 5g\ . 3f]if0ffsf]
nuQ} s~rgk'/af6} Pdfn]sf tLg bh{geGbf a9L g]tf–sfo{stf{ kf6L{
sfof{no aGb u/]/ ef/ttkm{ nfu]sf lyP .
ef/t ;/sf/n] ;LdfIf]qdf kl/rflnt :k]zn ;lj{; Ao"/f]
-P;P;aL_ nfO{ pRr ;ts{tf ckgfpg lgb]{zg u/]sf] / gfsfx¿df
lgu/fgL tyf hfFrk8tfn a9fPsf] 5 . cfkm"sxfF cf>o lng
cfPsf /fhgLlts kf6L{sf g]tf–sfo{stf{nfO{ ef/tLo k|zf;gn] ;xof]u
g} ul//x]sf] b]lvG5 . @@ df3df a;]sf] ef/tsf] rDkfjt lhNnf
clwsf/L cldt l;+x g]uL, P;kL cf/ P; gofn / u'Ktr/ Ph]G;Lsf clwsf/Lx¿sf]
a}7sn] dfcf]jfbL ultljlw lgoGq0f ug{ ;LdfIf]qdf yk s8fO{ ug'{sf
;fy} g]kfnaf6 cfpg] /fhgLlts kf6L{sf sfo{stf{nfO{ cfjZos ;xof]u
k'¥ofpg] lg0f{o ;d]t u/]sf] lyof] . xfn} pQ/f~rnsf] /fhwfgL
b]x/fb"g k'u]sf ef/tsf s]Gb|Lo u[xdGqL lzj/fh kfl6nn] klg l;dfgfdf
ef/tLo ;'/Iff ;ts{tf s8f t'NofOPsf] / g]kfnaf6 cfPsf /fhgLlts bnsf
sfo{stf{dfly s'g} afwfcj/f]w gk'u]sf] atfPsf] :yfgLo b}lgs cd/ phfnf
n] hgfPsf] 5 . ef/tLo /fhgLlts bnsf sfo{stf{n] lkyf}/fu9df
ljgoWjh rGbsf] 6f]nLnfO{ a;f]af;sf] Joj:yf ldnfOlbPsf 5g\ .
pgLx¿ :yfgLo g]kfnL ljBfyL{sf] ;Dks{df klg 5g\ . lbn]Gb|k|;fb
a8" rflxF jgaf;fd} 5g\ .
clwsf+z leq}} e"ldut
wgu9L, a}t8L, bfr'{nf, 8f]6L / 88]Nw'/fsf clwsf+z Pdfn]] g]tf–sfo{stf{x¿
:yfgLo :t/d} e"ldut ePsf 5g\ . kqmfp kg]{, zx/ahf/df v'n}
lxF8\g] / ef/t uP/ klg v'nf ultljlw ;~rfng ug]{df sfª\u|];Lx¿
cufl8 b]lvPsf 5g\ eg] /fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{ / g]kfnL sfª\u|];
-k|hftflGqs_ sf g]tf–sfo{stf{sf] rnv]n / lbgrof{df s'g} kl/jt{g
ePsf] b]lvFb}g . sfª\u|];sf ;'b"/klZrdf~rn If]qLo
;lrj uf]ljGb/fh hf]zL bfr'{nf / a}t8Lsf s]xL g]tf, sfo{stf{ ef/t
uP klg c¿ ;a} lhNnfd} /x]sf atfpF5g\ . pgsf cg';f/,
kf6L{df clxn] dxflwj]zgsf] tof/Ldf lhNnf / ufpF clwj]zg eO/x]sf
5g\ . zfxL 3f]if0ffkl5 dfq} s~rgk'/df tLg / s}nfnLdf b'O{ If]qLo
e]nf eO;s]sf 5g\ .
g]kfnL sfª\u|];n] zfxL 3f]if0ffsf] b'O{ 306fkl5
g} dx]Gb|gu/df u/]sf] sfnf] ‰08f k|bz{gkl5 ;'b"/klZrddf
vf;} lj/f]w ePsf] 5}g . a? dx]Gb|gu/ / wgu9Ldf g]kfn b]zeQm
;+3n] / 8f]6Lsf] lbkfon, /fhk'/df :yfgLo Jofkf/Ln] ;–;fgf
:jfut ¥ofnL lgsfn]sf 5g\ . dx]Gb|gu/df sfnf] ‰08f
k|bz{g ug]{ g]kfnL sfª\u|];sf @! hgf g]tf–sfo{stf{nfO{
tLg dlxgfsf nflu h]n rnfg ul/Psf] 5, h;df tfl/0fLbQ r6f}t, uËfbQ
hf]zL, o1/fh hf]zL, tf/fbQ cj:yL, k|]d lji6, e}/j P]/, gf/fo0fbQ
kGt, uf]ljGb lji6, ?b|/fh r6f}t, dbg rGb, Wjhaxfb'/ /fjn, wdf{gGb
e§, cDafbQ hf]zL, s/gaxfb'/ zfx, g}gl;+x u'?Ë, lji0f'
ld>, wlg/fd af]x/f / /fdl;+x P]/ tyf g]lj;+3sf uf]kLk|;fb pkfWofo,
ts{/fh e§ / kbd kl08t 5g\ . wgu9Ldf lg:s]sf] :jfut ¥ofnLdf
cfqmd0f u/]sf] cf/f]kdf hgdf]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o gGb/fh e§nfO{
klg h]n rnfg ul/Psf] 5 .
s0f{ af]x/f |
| zfxL 3f]if0ffkl5 ;'/Iffkmf}hsf] u:tL a9]sf]
5 . |
klxn]h:t} 5g\ dfcf]jfbL
dfcf]jfbLn] zfxL sbdk|lt cfˆgf] b[li6sf]0f ‰lNsg] s'g}
sbd rfn]sf 5}gg\ . tNnf] txsf sfo{stf{x¿ kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Lo
gLlt gcfOk'u]sf]n] cGof]ndf b]lvG5g\ . zfxL 3f]if0ffs} lbg
88]Nw'/f, hf]ua'9fsf] 6]lnkmf]g 6fj/df kx/f lbO/x]sf ;'/Iffkmf}hdfly
cfqmd0f ug]{ c;kmn k|of;, s}nfnLsf] ;'Vv8 a];SofDkdf 6f9faf6 uf]nL
k|xf/ / wgu9L ahf/ glhs s]xL 7fpFdf ad lj:kmf]6 / wgu9L sf/fuf/df
cfqmd0f pgLx¿sf tkm{af6 ePsf d'Vo 36gf x'g\ .
o;}aLr dfcf]jfbLn] s~rgk'/sf u|fdL0f If]qx¿df
ljleGg bnsf sfo{stf{nfO{ cfˆgf] kf6L{df k|j]z u/fpg] gofF cleofg
z'? u/]sf 5g\ .
zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf] ;'b"/klZrd k[tgf d'Vofno,
lbkfonsf clwsf/Lx¿ kf08f}gdf ;]gfn] u/]sf] ;kmn sfjf{xLkl5
dWoklZrdsf dfcf]jfbLx¿ klg ;'b"/klZrdd} cfPsf x'gfn]
s'g} klg a]nf cfqmd0f x'g;Sg] cfzÍfdf k|Tofqmd0fsf nflu tof/
eP/ a;]sf] atfpF5g\ . zfxL 3f]if0ffkl5 ;'b"/klZrdsf ;a}
zx/L If]qdf ;]gfsf] u:tL a9]sf] 5 . bfr'{nf, a}t8L, 88]Nw'/f,
8f]6L, c5fd, a‰fË / afh'/fsf ;b/d'sfdx¿df ;'/IffsdL{
kl/rfng tLa| kfl/Psf] / /fhgLlts kf6L{sf g]tf–sfo{stf{dfly
s8f lgu/fgL /flvPsf] 5 . ;'/Iff, lgu/fgL / lgoGq0fsf w]/}h;f]
sfddf :yfgLo k|zf;g / k|x/L g} kl/rflnt ul/Psf 5g\ . t/ ;'b"/klZrd
k[tgfsf clwsf/Lx¿n] ;'zf;gsf] cg'udg ug]{ sfddf ;]gf klg
kl/rfng x'g] atfPsf 5g\ .
;}lgs clwsf/Lx¿sf] dgf]an a9]sf] 5 . pgLx¿
eG5g\, æ/fhgLlts ultljlw / kl/jt{gdf rf;f] /fVg' xfd|f] bfloTj
xf]Og . xfdLnfO{ lbOPsf] lhDd]jf/L dfcf]jfbLnfO{ d"nwf/df
Nofpg' xf] . o;df zfxL 3f]if0ffn] ;/sf/sf] :ki6 wf/0ff / vfsf
cl3 ;f/]sf] 5 . To;}n] cfˆgf] lhDd]jf/L k"/f ug{
;]gf pRr dgf]ansf ;fy cl3 a9\5 .Æ ;'b"/klZrd k[tgfklt
/fh]Gb|axfb'/ yfkf ;]gf /fhgLlts ultljlweGbf klg dfcf]jfbL ultljlw
lgoGq0fdf ;lqmo /x]sf] atfpFb} eG5g\, æ>L % dxf/fhflw/fhn]
d'n'sdf zflGt / k|hftGq :yfkgf ug{ rflnaS;]sf] sbd ;kmn kfg]{ sfddf
nfu]sf] zfxL ;]gf dfcf]jfbL ultljlw lgoGq0f ug{, hgtfnfO{ ;'/Iffsf]
cg'e"lt lbnfpg / ;'zf;g sfod u/fpg ;lqmo 5 .Æ
;DkfbsLodf sljtf
zfxL 3f]if0ffkl5 k|ltaGw nufOPsf s}nfnLsf rf/ j6f b}lgs klqsf ;]tL
;dfrf/, wgu9L kf]i6, ;'b"/ ;Gb]z / g]kfn 6fOD; @% df3b]lv k'gM
k|sflzt ePsf 5g\ . dx]Gb|u/sf tLg j6f b}lgs kmf/j]i6 6fOD;,
cleofg / r'/] 6fOD; @! df3b]lv g} k|sfzg x'g yfln;s]sf lyP .
kqklqsfx¿n] ;dfrf/, n]v/rgf / ;DkfbsLodf /fhfsf] sbdsf] lj/f]w
/ dfcf]jfbL ultljlwsf af/]df n]Vg] u/]sf 5}gg\ . cleofg n]
@# df3df ;DkfbsLodf …hgtf alnof eof ;/sf/ alnof] x'G5Ú
eGg] >L % k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxsf] plQm 5fk]kl5 k|x/Ln] ;Dkfbs v]d
e08f/LnfO{ kqmfp u/L #) 306fkl5 lnlvt k|lta4tf hgfpg nufP/ l/xf
u/]sf] 5 . kmf/j]i6 n] ;DkfbsLo sf]nddf lbgx'Fh;f] sljtf k|sflzt
ul//x]sf] 5 .
wgu9Ldf k|zf;gsf] ljZjf; sdfPsf s]xL kqklqsfafx]s
c?n] k|To]s ;fF‰ lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nosf clwsf/Lx¿af6
;]G;/ u/fP/ dfq klqsf 5fKg'kg]{ Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . ;'b"/klZrdsf]
Ps dfq PkmPd /]l8of] s}nfnLsf] 3f]8f3f]8L PkmPd n] ;dfrf/ k|;f/0f
aGb u/]sf] 5 . hgdf]rf{sf s~rgk'/ lhNnf cWoIf nf]s]Gb| nD;fn
ef/t uPsfn] pgsf] ;DkfbsTjdf lgl:sg] gofF cledt ;fKtflxs aGb ePsf]
5 . t/fO{sf ahf/df 5\ofK5\ofKtL kfOg] ef/tLo kqklqsf / ;dfrf/d"ns
ef/tLo 6]lnlehg Rofgndf nufOPsf] /f]s sfod} 5 .
sf/fuf/ cfqmd0f
@& df3sf]
/flt wgu9L sf/fuf/df cfqmd0f u/]/ dfcf]jfbLn] ToxfF /x]sf ;a} s}bL
eufPsf 5g\ . sf/fuf/df !^& hgf s}bL lyP, h;dWo] dfcf]jfbLsf
s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ltns zdf{ -lxdfn_ ;lxt &) hgf dfcf]jfbL /x]sf]
atfOPsf] 5 . @( df3sf] laxfg;Dddf @# hgf s}bL rflxF sf/fuf/d}
kms]{/ cfPsf 5g\ .
/flt ;jf !! ah]lt/ ePsf] pQm cfqmd0fsf] k|ltsf/ ubf{
kfFr hgf ;'/IffsdL{n] Hofg u'dfPsf / rf/ hgf 3fOt] ePsf 5g\ .
dfcf]jfbLtkm{sf] Iflt olsg x'g;s]sf] 5}g . pgLx¿n] cfˆgf]tkm{
tLg hgf dfl/Psf] bfaL u/]sf 5g\ . :yfgLo afl;Gbfn] dfcf]jfbLn]
cfˆgf rf/ 3fOt] jf d[t JolQmnfO{ af]s]/ nu]sf] b]v]sf lyP .
Ps hgfsf] nfz sf/fuf/ kl/;/df km]nf k/]sf] lyof] .
zfxL ;]gfsf] ;'b"/klZrd k[tgf d'Vofno, lbkfonn]
dfcf]jfbLn] s}nfnLsf] ;b/d'sfddf u/]sf] eLif0f xdnf ;+o'Qm ;'/Iffkmf}hsf]
s8f k|ltsf/kl5 c;kmn ePsf] atfpFb} pgLx¿tkm{ 7"nf] Iflt
ePsf] bfaL u/]sf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLn] lhNnf, If]qLo / j8f k|x/L
sfof{nox¿df kmfo/ ub}{ sf/fuf/df xdnf u/]kl5 d2tsf] nflu
g]kfn /fi6« AofÍaf6 lgSn]sf] ;'/Iffkmf}hn] pgLx¿sf]
k|ltsf/ u/]sf] lyof] . ;'/Iffkmf}h sf/fuf/ k'Ubf dfcf]jfbLx¿
s}bL 5'6fP/ eflu;s]sf] s'/f ;'b"/klZrd k[tgfn] atfPsf] 5 .
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