cfj/0f÷l6Kk0fL
;Í6sfnLg zf;gsf r'gf}tL
;Í6sfnsf] cjlwdf ;/sf/L :t/af6 x'g] u}/sfg"gL
tyf jb\lgotk"0f{ sfo{sf lj?4df ph'/ ug{ kfpg] / k|efjsf/L pkrf/sf]
Joj:yf gul/Pdf ;Í6sfnLg cfb]zsf] b'?kof]u x'g] k|;:t ;Defjgf
/xG5 . o:tf sfo{af6 dsf{ kg]{x¿sf] s'/f ;'Gg / pkrf/
lbg 5'§} Joj:yf ug'{ cfjZos 5 .
 |
•
e/t/fh pk|]tL, clwjQmf |
ls/0f kf08]
|
;Í6sfn nfu"
ePkl5 ;+ljwfgsf] !!%-&_ adf]lhd hf/L ePsf cfb]z
tyf tL cfb]zx¿sf] bfo/f, Kf|of]u / p2]ZonfO{ zfxL 3f]if0ffdf
JoQm k||lta4tf tyf 7x/x¿sf] ;Gbe{df x]g'{kb{5 . hgtfsf]
;jf]{Qd lxt / ;d'Ggltsf] nflu ;+ljwfgsf] kfng / ;+/If0f ug]{ lhDd]jf/L
k|fKt ;+:yfaf6 b]zsf] zf;g Joj:yfdf JofKt c;xhtf / cfGtl/s ljb|f]xsf]
lgsf;sf] ¿kdf zfxL 3f]if0ff / ;Í6sfn nfu" ul/Psf]
elgPsf] 5 . of] ;Gbe{df x]bf{ zfxL 3f]if0ff / o;kl5 eP u/]sf
sfd sf/afxLnfO{ s;}n] k/fho / s;}n] ljhosf] ¿kdf lng'kg]{
cj:yf b]lvFb}g . g]kfnsf] /fli6«otf, /fli6«o lxt,
b]zsf] ;'zf;g / ax'bnLo k|hftflGqs Joj:yfsf] ;'b[9Ls/0f tyf ;+:yfut
ljsf;sf] kl/k|]Iodf, olb o; sbdaf6 s;}sf] ljho ePsf] 5 eGg] dfGg]]
xf] eg] ax'bnLo k|hftGq / ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqdf ljZjf; ug]{ ;a}sf]
ljho ePsf] dfGg'kb{5 . t/, o;af6 jt{dfg ;+ljwfgdf cf:yf /fVg]
s'g} kIfsf] k/fho ePsf] 5 eGg] 7fgL zfxL 3f]if0ffdf JoQm wf/0ff,
sl6a4tf tyf 7x/sf s'/fnfO{ nfu" ug]{ xf] eg] cGttM o;af6 ;d'Rrf
/fi6« / b]zjf;Ln] k/fhosf] kL8f ef]Ug'kg]{ cj:yf gcfpnf eGg
;lsGg . o;}n] of] 3f]if0ffnfO{ lnP/ s'g} kIfn] ljho h'n';,
lbkfjnL ug'{kg]{ / csf]{ kIfn] cfzf}r afg'{{kg]{ cj:yf 5}g .
zfxL 3f]]if0ffdf hfx]/ ul/Psf s]xL k|lta4tf tyf 7x/x¿
pNn]vgLo tyf dfld{s 5g\ . pQm 3f]]if0ffdf æs;}nfO{ klg
cfˆgf] c;xdlt JoQm ug{, lg/fzf k|bz{g ug{ xltof/ p7fpg] afWotf
dx;"; ug{ gk/f];\Æ elgPsf] 5 . o;}u/L k|hftGqsf]
lgi7fk"0f{ cEof;, ;fy{s ahf/d'vL cy{tGq, ;'zf;g, kf/blz{tf
/ e|i6frf/ d'Qm ljlwsf] zf;g g} hgtfsf] rfxgf xf]Æ eGg] s'/f
klg zfxL 3f]if0ffdf pNn]v 5 . of] t ljjfb g} x'g g;Sg] s'/f
xf] . t/ g]kfnsf] clxn]sf] ;d:of eg]sf] g} egfO / u/fO aLrsf]
7"nf] leGgtf sfod /xg' xf] . of] 7"nf] vf8n k'g{
g;Sg' ax'bnLo g]tfx¿sf] Pp6f k|d'v sdhf]/L dflgPsf] 5 .
zfxL 3f]if0ffkl5 b]zsf] zf;gsf] lhDdf lng]x¿sf] ;fd' pTkGg
Pp6f ;a}eGbf 7"nf] xfFs oxL vf8n ;Dofpg] klg xf] .
egfO / u/fO aLr vf8nsf s]xL pbfx/0fx¿ Ps;ftf
leq g} b]lvg yfn]sf 5g\ . ;Í6sfnsf] 3f]if0ffkl5 k|d'v
/fhgLlts bnsf w]/} g]tfx¿nfO{ gh/aGb jf h]ndf /flvPsf tYo
k|sfzdf cfPsf 5g\ . ljutdf ;/sf/ rnfpg] /fhgLlts bnx¿sf
k|d'v / dxŒjk"0f{ dGqfno rnfpg] dGqLsf] ¿kdf sfd
ubf{ e|i6frf/sf] cleof]udf sf/afxL rln/x]sf w]/} g]tfx¿sf]
gfd gh/aGb jf h]ndf /flvPsf elgPsfx¿sf] ;"rLdf ;dfj]z
ePsf] b]lvFb}g . ;Í6sfnLg cfb]zsf] sfof{Gjog ug]{÷u/fpg]
;Gbe{df e|i6frf/sf] cleof]u v]lk/x]sf oL g]tfx¿ h]ndf kg]{
jf gh/aGbdf k/]sf cGo g]tfx¿eGbf s;/L km/s ju{df k/] <
of pgLx¿ ;a} bf]ifd'Qm ePsf x'g\ < o:tf k|Zgx¿
p7\g yfn]sf 5g\ . e|i6frf/sf] cleof]udf ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf tf/]v
v]lk/x]sf JolQmnfO{ sfg'g Gofo / u[x dGqL ;d]tsf] lhDd]jf/L lbFbf
e|i6frf/ lj/f]wsf] cleofgn] s:tf] ult / :j?k n]nf < hgtfn]
o;nfO{ s;/L lng] / a'´g] x'g\ . ljut ;ftfdf ;/sf/L ;~rf/dfWodx¿sf]
cleJolQm / sfd sf/afxL x]bf{ of] b]zdf e|i6frf/ ug]{ / u/fpg] eg]sf
/fhgLlts bnx¿sf g]tf / sfo{stf{ dfq x'g\ eGg] efg k5{ .
zfxL 3f]if0ff x'g'eGbf k"j{sf] ;/sf/n] e|i6frf/ lj?4 rnfPsf
sf/afxLx¿ ax';ª\Vofdf /fhgLlts JolQmx¿sf lj?4d}
nlIft lyP . cyf{t\ /fhgLlts JolQmx¿pk/ sf/afxL g} gePsf]
xf]Og . ;a} g]tf e|i6 5g\ eGg] s'/f klg w'|j c;To xf] .
a?, zfxL 3]fif0ff k"j{ e|i6frf/df sf/afxL x'g g;s]sf b'O{ j6f
kmfF6 5g\ . tL x'g\ GofofwLz / ;}lgs clws[tx¿ .
oL b'j} kmfF6df sfd ug]{x¿sf] ;DklQ / cfo>f]t aLrsf] cGt/
hf]–sf]xLn] c8\sn ug{ ;Sb5 . ;Qfsf] kx'Frsf] kmfObf lnP/
cs"t ;DklQ hf]8\g] / ljb]zL AofÍx¿df 7"nf]
wg/fzL hDdf ug]{ cj;/jfbL Jofkf/L ;d"x pk/ sf/afxL ug]{ cfF6
clxn];Dd s;}n] ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g . logLx¿ pk/ sf/afxL geP;Dd
e|i6frf/ pGd"ng ug]{ cleofg / ;'zf;gsf] s'/f Jojxf/df pqg ;Sb}g .
;Í6sfnsf k|zf;sx¿sf] ;fd' of] ljifo klg 7"n}
xfFssf] ¿kdf v8f ePsf] 5 .
zfxL 3f]if0ffsf] nuQ} hf/L ePsf] cfb]zdf jfs\ tyf
k|sfzg :jtGqtfdf /f]s nufOPsf] 5 . ljgf xftxltof/ e]nf x'g]
df}lns clwsf/ lgnDag ul/Psf] 5 . uf]i7L, ;ef–;Dd]ng tyf
cGt/lqmof h:tf sfo{x¿ ug{sf] nflu ;/sf/L lgsfoaf6 k"j{
cg'dlt lng'kg]{ afWofTds JoJf:yf klg ul/Psf] 5 . æb]ptf
af]Nb}g /fhfn] ;'Gb}gÆ eGg] pvfg 6'Ssfn] b;f{pg] s'g} JolQmsf]]
j]bgfsf] cleJolQm zfxL 3f]if0ffsf] pk/f]Qm c+zn] klg ;d]6]sf] 5 .
t/ clxn]sf] cj:yfdf dsf{ kg]{n] cfˆgf] lg/fzf k|bz{g ug]{ /
c;xdlt JoQm ug]{ dfWod s] xf], s;n] ;'Gg] p;sf] j]bgf <
oL k|Zgx¿ clxn] klg plQs} ;fGble{s 5g\ .
;Í6sfnsf] 3f]if0ffkl5 yk zfxL cfb]zx¿
klg hf/L ul/Psf 5g\ . kl5Nnf cfb]zx¿ cg';f/ :yfgLo k|zf;gn]
rfx]df ;fdfGo gful/sn] ;DklQ a]rljvg ug]{, cfjthfjt ug]{ / a;f]af;
ug{ kfpg] s'/fdf /f]s nufpg ;lsg], >L % sf] ;/sf/nfO{ s;}sf]]
;DklQ cfjZos k/]df :yfoL ¿kdf ;/sf/L sd{rf/Lx¿n] Ifltk"lt{
lbO{ xs x:tfGt/0f u/fO{ lng kfpg] ePsf 5g\ . of] clwsf/ k|rlnt
sfg"gn] klg ;/sf/nfO{ lbPsf] 5 . t/ P]gsf] s'/f ;Í6sfn;Fu
hf]8]/ zfxL cfb]zsf ¿kdf cfPsf] sf/0fn] Ifltk"lt{sf]
lgwf{/0f / v/Lb laqmLsf] k|lqmofsf] s'/fnfO{ lnP/ ljleGg k|Zgx¿
pl7/x]sf 5g\ . pQm cfb]z cg';f/ ;'/Iffsf] sfddf vl6Psfx¿sf]
dgf]an lug]{ u/L l6sfl6Kk0fL ug{ gkfOg] / uf]i7L, ;ef–;Dd]ng
jf cGt/lqmof sfo{qmdx¿ ug{sf] nflu klg tf]lsPsf ;/sf/L sd{rf/Lsf]
:jLs[lt lng'kg]{ ePsf] 5 . ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f !!%-&_ cg';f/
/fhfaf6 sfg"g;/x nfu" x'g] cfb]z hf/L x'g;Sg] Joj:yf ePsf]n]
pNn]lvt cfb]zx¿ hf/L x'g' cfkm}Fdf c;+j}wflgs gx'g ;Sb5 .
t/ of] cfb]z sfof{Gjog ubf{ cjnDjg ug{'kg]{ sfo{ k|lqmof, ;DalGwt
sd{rf/Ln] clgjfo{ ¿kdf kfngf ug{'kg]{ sfo{ lgb{]lzsf / pQm
cfb]zsf] sfof{Gjogsf] gfdaf6 jf ;f] l;nl;nfdf s'g} JolQmaf6 cg'lrt
sfo{ ePdf To;af6 s'g} JolQmnfO{ kg{ uPsf] dsf{ hfFra'‰ ug]{
/ tTsfn pkrf/ lbg] Joj:yfsf] af/]df s'g} pNn]v 5}g .
;Í6sfnsf] cjlwdf k|hftflGqs b]zsf gful/ssf]
;a} clwsf/ vf]l;Psf xF'b}gg\ . ;Í6sfndf ;'/IffsdL{ jf
cfb]zsf] kfngf ug]{÷u/fpg] s'g} sd{rf/Ln] dgk/L sfo{ ug{
kfpFb5 eGg] klg x'Fb}g . hgtfsf] df}lns xs s]xL ;dosf] lgnDjg;Dd
ePsf x'g\ . of] cjlwdf sfg"gåf/f k|bfg ul/Psf ;a}
xs lgliqmo ePsf xF'b}gg\ . ;Í6sfnsf] cjlwdf klg JolQmnfO{
sfg"gL ;+/If0f k|fKt x'G5 / o:tf] ;+/If0f k|bfg ug{' ;Í6sfn
rnfpg] ;/sf/sf] bfloTj x'G5 . ;Í6sfnsf] cjlwdf klg sfg"g
ljk/Lt sfo{x¿ x'g ;Qm5g\ / jb\lgotk"0f{ tl/sfaf6 jf
s;};Fusf] JolQmut l/;sf] sf/0faf6 s;}nfO{ Iflt x'g] sfd klg x'g
;Qm5 . o;sf] pkrf/ lgoldt cbfntaf6 k|fKt x'g] cj:yf 5}g .
!( df3sf] 3f]if0ffkl5 aGbL k|ToIfLs/0fsf] lgj]bg btf{ ug{] sfo{sf]
nlu dfq b]zsf] ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] b'O{ lbg ‰'nfPsf] kl/k|]Iodf
;Í6sfnsf] cjlwdf ;/sf/L :t/af6 x'g] u}/ sfg"gL sfd sf/afxL
tyf jb\lgotk"0f{ sfo{sf lj?4df ph'/ ug{ kfpg] / k|efjsf/L pkrf/sf]
Joj:yf gul/Pdf ;Í6sfnLg cfb]zsf] b'?kof]u x'g] k|;:t ;+efjgf
/xG5 . o;}n] o:tf sfo{af6 dsf{ kg]{x¿sf] s'/f ;'Gg /
pkrf/ lbg] af/]df 5'§} k|efjsf/L Joj:yf ug'{ cfjZos 5 .
o:tf] Joj:yf lghfdtL k|zf;gsf] nflu / ;'/Iff lgsfox¿sf] nflu
5'§f5'§} ¿kdf ug{ ;lsG5 .
dLg ah|frfo{ |
;fy{s ahf/d'vL cy{tGqdf sfd ug{sf] nflu ;ef, uf]i7L
a}7s tyf cGt/lqmof h:tf s'/f Joj;fosf cleGg cË x'g\ .
logLx¿n] oL sfo{ ug{ ;/sf/L :jLs[lt lng nufpg' eg]sf] pgLx¿nfO{
c;+ej sfd ug{ nufpg dfq xf] . ljz'4 Jofj;flos p2]]Zo ePsf sfo{qmdx¿,
;ef–;Dd]ng uf]i7L cGt/lqmofdf /f]s nufpg'sf] s'g} cy{ 5}g .
g]kfn cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf ;efuf]i7Lx¿sf] nflu /fd|f]
sfo{ ynf]sf] ¿kdf ljsf; x'Fb} cfPsf] lyof] . o;af6 ko{6g
Joj;fodf /fd|} ;xof]u klg k'u]sf] 5 . To;}n], o:tf sfo{qmdx¿
;~rfng ug{ ;/sf/L :jLs[lt lng] Joj:yf x6fpg' cfjZos 5 .
zfxL 3f]if0ffdf ;Í6sfn / To;kl5 hf/L ul/Psf
cfb]zx¿ cg'?k s]xL ;+rf/dfWodx¿ aGb ePsf sf/0fn] g]kfnsf]
cGt/f{li6«o 5lj / g]kfnsf] ko{6g, AofÍ Joj;fo tyf cGo
Jofj;flos ;]jfx¿df w]/} 7"nf] wSsf k'u]sf] 5 .
clxn] 7"nf pBdL Joj;foLx¿ 7"nf] cfsf/sf] :jfut
lj1fkg 5fKg]÷5kfpg]df Jo:t ePsf]n] pgLx¿n] of] Ifltsf]
cfsng ug{ gEofPsf x'g ;Qm5g\ . t/ pQm If]qx¿df b"/ufdL
c;/ kg]{] s'/f xf]6nsf l/Q sf]7fx¿ / g]kfn leq cfpg] hxfhx¿sf]
vfnL l;6n] hfx]/ ul//x]sf] 5 . ;+rf/dfWoddf k"0f{
/f]s nufpFbf o;af6 cGt/f{li6«o tyf /fli6«o If]qdf kg]{
ck"/0fLo Ifltsf] n]vfhf]vf x'g ;s]g . km]l/ o:tf s'/f
bf]xf]l/P eg] xfd|f] ult s] xf]nf < s'g} gofF cfb]z hf/L
x'Fbf o;af6 ;+efljt gf]S;fgL / k|fKt x'g] kmfObfsf] n]vfhf]vf ug]{
kl/kf6L ga:g' xfd|f] /fli6«o ;d:of g} ePsf] 5 . o;nfO{
;'wf/ ug]{tkm{ klg ;f]rf}F .
hgtfsf df}lns xsx¿ lgnDjg ePsf] cj:yfdf ;fdfGo
hgtfn] ql;t / c;'/lIft cg'ej ug'{ c:jfefljs x}g . t/ oxL ;dodf
g} s'zf;g tyf cGo ljs[ltx¿ p7\g] ;+efjgf klg w]/} /xG5g\ .
;'/Iff sd{rf/Ln] lghfdtL sfof{nodf pkl:ylt hgfP/ jf kx/f lbP/ of]
ljs[lt / qf; x6\g] xf]Og a? a9\g] ;Defjgf klg x'g ;Qm5 . dfnkf]t,
oftfoft, s/ sfof{no, eG;f/ h:tf hgtfnfO{ ;/f]sf/ kg]{ sfof{nox¿df
x'g] clgoldttf tyf csd{0otfsf 36gfx¿ ;}lgssf] pkl:yltn] /f]lsg]
jf lgbfg x'g] xf]Og . oL s'/f lghfdtL s'zf;gn] hGdfPsf] x'gfn]
ToxLFleqaf6 o;sf] ;dfwfg vf]lhg' kb{5 . lghfdtL k|zf;gnfO{
a9L hgd'vL agfpg k|To]s lghfdtL sd{rf/Ln] cfˆgf] bfloTj tyf
lhDd]jf/L cg'?k sfd ubf{ ckgfpg'kg]{ sfo{ lgb]{lzsfsf] ljsf; gu/L
oxfF leq cg'zf;g / ;''zf;gsf] k|Tofe"lt x'g ;Qm}g . oxL
kl/kf6L a;fpg] s'/f ljutdf x'g ;s]g / of] sfo{ ;Í6sfnLg zf;gsf]
lhDdf lng]x¿sf] nflu klg 7"nf] xfFssf] ljifo /x]sf]
5 .
zfxL 3f]if0ffdf ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq / ax'bnLo k|hftflGqs
Joj:yfk|ltsf] k|lta4tf w]/} 7fpFdf bf]xf]¥ofOPsf] dfq xf]Og
o;nfO{ g} /fHosf] zf;g ;+rfngsf] d"n cfwf/sf] ¿kdf k|:t't
ul/Psf] 5 . k|hftflGqs Joj:yf ;~rfng ug{ ;lhnf] 5}g .
of] Joj:yfdf s'g} JolQmsf] dxŒjfsf+Iffn] s'g} :yfg /fVb}g .
zlQm ;Gt'ng -r]s P08 Aofn]G;_ sf] cfwf/df /fHosf] zf;gJoj:yf ;~rfng
ug{'kg]{ ePsf]n] /fHosf ;a} cË jf lgsfox¿sf] gfdaf6
x'g] ;Dk"0f{ sfdsf/afxLx¿ d"n sfg'g, lgodgsf lgodx¿
tyf k"j{ lgwf{l/t kl/kf6L tyf sfo{ lgb]{lzsfdf cfwfl/t x'g'kg]{
afWotf x'G5 . k|hftGqnfO{ hLjgz}nLsf] ¿kdf cËLsf/
ug]{ kl/kf6L al;g;s]sf b]zx¿df k|hftflGqs Joj:yfsf] k|of]u
s]xL JolQmnfO{ c;xh nfUg' :jfefljs xf] . k|hftGqsf] ;+:yfut
ljsf; cfhsf] ef]ln k"/f x'g] s'/f klg xf]Og .
g]kfndf Ps bzssf] cjlwdf of] Joj:yfsf] k|of]udf s]xL
c;xhtf tyf s]xL Jojwfg b]lvPsf 5g\ . of] cjlwdf ;/sf/df /x]sf
/fhgLlts bnsf g]tf;Fu ;fdLKotf x'g] s]xL JolQmn] clgoldt 9Ëaf6
wg sdfPsf pbfx/0f klg b]lvP . hgtfsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qfsf] jfxssf]
¿kdf :yflkt /fhgLlts bnsf g]tfx¿af6 k|hftGqsf cfwf/e"t
dfGotfx¿nfO{ hLjgz}nLdf ptfg{ g;s]sf pbfx/0fx¿ klg
b]lvPsf 5g\ . k|hftflGqs Joj:yfsf ;~rfnsx¿ klg dflg;
ePsf]n] dfgjLo sdhf]/Lx¿af6 logLx¿ d'Qm x'g] s'/f
5}g . k|hftflGqs Joj:yf cfkm}Fdf s'g} uNtL jf e"nd''Qm
Joj:yf xf]Og . t/ o;sf] Pp6f dfq ljz]iftf s] xf] eg] of] Joj:yf
leq uNtL ;Rofpg] jf e"n ;'wf/ ug]{ ;+oGq klg lglxt /x]sf] x'G5 .
To;}n] ax'bnLo k|hftGq bf]if/lxt Joj:yf geP klg ljsNko'Qm Joj:yf
cjZo g} xf] . of] Joj:yfdf /f]uLnfO{ sf6\g] eGbf /f]usf] lgbfg
u/L /f]usf] pkrf/ ug]{ df}sf k|fKt x'G5 . lau|]sf] lnsnfO{
;Rrfpg] jf sfd gnfUg] eP gofF lns /fv]/ ;/sf/ rnfOG5 . o;}n]
@! cf}F ztfAbLdf of] Joj:yfsf] csf]{ ljsNk b]lvPsf] klg 5}g .
g]kfnsf] ljsf; sfo{df ;xof]u k'¥ofO/x]sf ldq /fi6«x¿
/ cGt/f{li6«o AofÍ tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx¿n] klg oxL
dfGotfnfO{ g} d"n cfwf/ dfgL g]kfnsf] ljsf; sfo{df ;xof]u k'¥ofO/x]sf]
s'/f lglj{jfb 5 .
o;}n] ;Í6sfnsf] cjlw / To;kl5sf] g]kfnsf]
zf;gJoj:yf ;~rfng ug{sf] nflu cGt/f{li6«o ;d'bfo tyf hgtfsf]
;fj{ef}lds;Qfsf] jfxssf] ¿kdf /x]sf /fhgLlts bnx¿;Fusf]
;xsfo{ afx]s /fhf;Fu csf]{ ljsNk 5}g . ;Í6sfn nfu"
ePkl5 ax'bnLo Joj:yfsf jfxs tyf ;+rfnssf] ¿kdf /x]sf ax'bnLo
k|hftGqjfbL /fhgLlts bnsf lgxTyf g]tf tyf sfo{stf{x¿k|lt
ul/Psf] c;xh tyf c:jfefljs Jojxf/df jf:tljs :jfefljstf / ;xhtf gNofP;Dd
cGt/f{li6«o ;d'bfo;Fusf] ;xsfo{df ;xhtf cfpg sl7g x'g;Sb5 .
o;sf] cefjdf b]z ljsf;sf af6fx¿ / d}bfgx¿ lgh{g, afF‰f]
/ a]jfl/;] cj:yfdf gk'Unfg\ eGg ;lsFb}g . vfnL 7fpF, a]jfl/;]
cfFugx¿, kf6f tyf kmfF6x¿ 7"nf] l5d]sLn] l;dfgf
ldRg] / ;fgfn] kmf]xf]/ kmfNg] 7fpFsf] ¿kdf kl/0ft ePsf]
jf:tljstf xfdL ;a}n] b]v]ef]u]sf] s'/f xf] . zfxL 3f]if0ffkl5
nfu" ePsf] ;Í6sfn / ;f]kZrft\ hf/L ePsf cfb]zx¿
sfof{Gjog ug]{÷u/fpg] qmddf pNn]lvt jf:tljstfnfO{ pk]Iff
ul/g] 5}g eGg] cfzf u/f}F .
>L % af6 @% df3df hf/L
cfb]z
!= g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;fj{ef}d ;Qf, cv08tf / zflGt–;'/Iffdf
vnn gkg]{ tyf jt{dfg ;Í6sfnLg cj:yfnfO{ k|lts"n c;/
gx'g] u/L g]kfn clw/fHoleq cfjt–hfjt ug{, ;DklQsf] a]rljvg
ug{, a;f]af; ug{ kfOg]5 . cfjZos k/]df :yfgLo k|zf;gn] ;f]
sfd sfjf{xL ug{ /f]s nufpg] jf k"j{ :jLs[lt lng'kg]{ Joj:yf
nfu" ug{ ;Sg]5 .
@= >L % sf] ;/sf/nfO{ cfjZos k/]sf] v08df If]qLo
k|zf;s, k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L jf tf]lsPsf] clwsf/Ln] d'cfAhf, Ifltk"lt{
lbO{ s;}sf] rn–crn ;DklQ lglZrt ;dosf nflu jf :yfoL ¿kdf
xs x:tfGt/0f u/L lng ;Sg]5 .
#= g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;fj{ef}d;Qf, cv08tf / zflGt;'/Iffdf
vnn gkg]{ tyf jt{dfg ;Í6sfnLg cj:yfnfO{ k|lts"n c;/
gx'g] u/L uf]i7L, ;ef, ;Dd]ng jf cGt/lqmof sfo{qmdx¿ tf]lsPsf]
:yfgdf If]qLo k|zf;s, k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L jf tf]lsPsf clwsf/Lsf]
clgjfo{ ¿kn] k"j{:jLs[lt lnP/ ;~rfng ug{ ;lsg]5 .
$= >L % sf] ;/sf/n] cfˆgf] dftxtsf sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{
;Í6sfnLg cj:yfsf] cjlwe/ sfh v6fpg, ;?jf jf kbf:yfkg ug{,
sfodd'sfod d's// ug{ jf l/Qm kbdf c:yfoL lgo'Qm ug{ ;Sg]5 .
%= >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] ;lrjfno, dGqfno jf ;f]
cGtu{tsf ljefu tyf cGo sfof{no jf >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] :jfldTj /x]sf]
;+:yfsf sd{rf/Ln] g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;fj{ef}d;Qf, cv08tf jf zflGt;'/Iffdf
cfFr cfpg] jf /fhgLlts ¿kn] s'g} lsl;dsf] ;+3÷;+:yf
vf]Ng jf vf]ln;s]sf ;+3÷;+:yfaf6 o:tf lqmofsnfk ug{ kfOg]
5}g .
^= b]zdf zflGt;'/Iff sfod ug{ vl6Psf ;'/Iff lgsfox¿sf]
dgf]andf k|lts"n c;/ kg]{ u/L pgLx¿sf] sfd sf/afxLnfO{
lnP/ k|ToIf jf ck|ToIf ¿kdf l6sfl6Kk0fL ug{ kfOg] 5}g .
&= ;Í6sfnLg cj:yfdf g]kfn clw/fHosf]
zflGt;'/Iff sfod ug{ vl6Psf ;'/IffsdL{, ;'/Iff clwsf/L jf tf]s]sf
clwsf/Ln] cfjZos 7fg]df 6]lnkmf]g, /]l8of], ˆofS;, 6]lnlehg,
O{d]n nufotsf ljB'tLo ;~rf/sf ;fwgx¿af6 k|rf/–k|;f/
ug{÷u/fpg /f]s nufpg]Ù o:tf ;fwg / k|lqmofdf cg'udg
ug]{ h:tf sfo{x¿ ;d]t ug{ ;Sg]5 .
*= cfb]zsf] kfngf gug]{, c;xof]u ug]{ JolQmnfO{
:yfgLo k|zf;gn] t'?Gt gh/aGbdf /fvL sf/afxL ug{÷u/fpg ;Sg]5 .
;fy}, cfb]zdf n]lvP adf]lhd / c¿df k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd
x'g]5 .
/fhfsf] cWoIftfdf @) df3df
a;]sf] dlGqkl/ifbsf] klxnf] a}7ssf lg0f{o
· e|i6frf/sf]
5fglag ug{ !% lbgleq clwsf/ ;DkGg zfxL cfof]u u7g ug{]]
· tTsfn hgtfnfO{
lbOg] ;]jf ;'ljwf kf/bzL{ agfpg]
· e"ld
AofÍsf] :yfkgf u/]/ Gofof]lrt 9Ën] e"ldxLgx¿nfO{
e"ld ljt/0f ug{]
· Ps dlxgf leqdf
u/LaL lgjf/0f ;DaGwL k|efjsf/L sfo{qmd Nofpg]
· 3/]n' tyf
pBf]u wGbf ljsf; ug]{ . hnljB't\sf] ljsf;df cfGtl/s / afXo
;xof]u ;d]t h'6fpg]
· ko{6g ljsf;nfO{
e/kbf]{ agfpg ko{6sLo k|x/L hgzlQm tof/ kfg]{
· dfWolds tx;Ddsf
blnt, ckfË / lk5l8Psf ;d'bfosf 5fq5fqfnfO{ !) sIff;Dd lgMz'Ns
kf7\ok':ts tyf 5fqj[lQsf] Joj:yf ug{] . lghL If]qsf ljBfno,
dxfljBfnon] To:tf ;d'xsf ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ lglZrt k|ltztsf] ;ª\Vofdf
lgMz'Ns k7gkf7gsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg] .
· …/fi6«jfbLÚ
hgzlQm pTkfbg lglDt z}lIfs kf7\oqmddf ;'wf/ ug{]]
· ljBfyL{x¿nfO{
;fj{hlgs oftfoft / ;/sf/L c:ktfnx¿df pkrf/ u/fpFbf ;x'lnot
lbg]
· /fhwfgLnufotsf
7"nf zx/ Pj+ zx/ pGd'v If]qdf 3/38]/L Pj+ sDkfp08sf nflu hUufsf]
lglZrt dfkb08 tf]Sg] / e"sDk lg/f]ws ;/sf/L dfkb08 cg';f/sf
3/x¿ dfq agfpg lbg]
· ckf6{d]G6
k|0ffnLsf] ljsf; ug{]
· bL3{sfndf
k"j{–klZrd ljB'tLo /]ndfu{ lgdf{0f ug{]]
· /fhgLlts,
cfly{s, ;fdflhs, k|zf;lgs Pj+ cw{Goflos clwsf/x¿ s]Gb|af6
ufpF;Dd ljs]lGb|t ug{]
· C0f ;'ljwf
/ tflnd lbP/ j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf ;'wf/ ug]{
· cftÍaf6
kLl8t tyf af6f] la/fP/ uPsf t/ :j]R5fn] kms]{sf / kmls{g rfxg]x¿nfO{
j}b]lzs /f]huf/df k7fpg]
· t/fO{ If]qsf
gbLx¿df t6aGwsf] Joj:yf u/]/ l;FrfO{sf] ljsf; ug'{sf] ;fy}
gbL lgoGq0faf6 k|fKt hUufdf e"ldxLgx¿nfO{ a;f]af; u/fpg]
· ljz]if s0ff{nL
ljsf; sfo{qmd Nofpg] . ;'v]{t–h'Dnf ;8s @)^@ ;fn kmfu'g;Dddf
k"/f ug]{
· zf;sLo ;'wf/,
;fj{hlgs If]q Joj:yfkg / u/LaL Go'gLs/0f ;DaGwL bft[ /fi6«x¿af6
k|fKt ;xof]unfO{ c‰} Jojl:yt ug{]
· /fHo ;+/rgfdf
dlxnf, blnt / hghfltx¿sf] plrt k|ltlglwTj u/fpg lglZrt cjlwsf]
nflu ;sf/fTds lje]bsf] gLlt lng]
· lghL If]qsf]
gLltut ;'wf/ / k|a4{gsf sfo{qmdx¿ cljnDa Nofpg]
· ljsf; sfo{qmdx¿
7]Ssfk§fdfkm{t\ eGbf pkef]Qmfdfkm{t\ g} sfof{Gjog u/fpg]
|
