lzIff÷lrlsT;fzf:q

8fS6/ pTkfbg
b]z cfTdlge{/

g]kfndf bIf lrlsT;sx¿sf] pTkfbg ul//x]sf g]kfnL d]l8sn sn]hx¿n] ljb]zaf6 ;d]t ljBfyL{x¿ tflg/x]sf 5g\ .

ls/0f g]kfn


ls/0f kf08]
cQ/v]n, hf]/kf6Ll:yt g]kfn d]l8sn sn]h

bz jif{cl3sf] l:ylt x]g]{ xf] eg] oltv]/ b]zn] lrlsT;f lzIffdf 7"nf] km8\sf] df/]sf] b]lvG5 . g]kfndf Ps bh{g d]l8sn sn]hn] ‰08} b'O{ xhf/ 8fS6/ pTkfbg ul/;s]sf 5g\ . k|foM /fhwfgL / 7"nf zx/df a:g ?rfpg] cf/f]k nfUg] 8fS6/x¿sf] d'v ca b'u{d 7fpFsf hgtfn] ;d]t b]Vg kfpg] ;Defjgf a9]sf] 5 .

clxn] g]kfndf lqe'jg ljZjljBfno -lqlj_ / sf7df8f}F ljZjljBfno -s]o"_;Fu cfj4 !! j6f sn]h tyf Ps :jfoQ :jf:Yo lj1fg k|lti7fgn] w/fgb]lv g]kfnu~h;Dd lrlsT;f lzIff k|bfg u5{g\ . lqljsf] lrlsT;f zf:q cWoog ;+:yfg, dxf/fhu~h SofDk; / lqljs} ;DaGwg kfPsf e}/xjfsf] o'lge;{n sn]h ckm d]l8sn ;fOG;, jL/u~hsf] g]zgn d]l8sn sn]h / hgsk'/sf] hfgsL d]l8sn sn]hdf Aofrn/ ckm d]l8l;g P08 ;h{/L -PdaLaLP;_ sIff ;~rfng eO/x]sf] 5 . To:t} sIff sf7df8f}F o"lgel;{6L d]l8sn :s"n -s'D;_ / s]o"s} ;DaGwgdf ;~rflnt sf7df8f}Fsf g]kfn / sf7df8f}F d]l8sn sn]h, lrtjgsf] e/tk'/, kf]v/fsf] dl0fkfn / g]kfnu~hsf] g]kfnu~h d]l8sn sn]hx¿n] klg rnfO/x]sf 5g\ .

lqlj, lrlsT;fzf:q cWoog ;+:yfgsf 8Lg 8f= /d]zsfGt clwsf/L eG5g\, æ;ª\VofTds lx;fan] xfdL lgs} dfly cfO;Sof}F .Æ dxf/fhu~h SofDk;af6 clxn];Dd ^)) lrlsT;sx¿ pTkfbg ePsf 5g\ . ;g\ !((& df v'n]sf sf7df8f}F / g]kfn d]l8sn sn]haf6 b'O{ Aofrdfkm{t\ b'O{;o eGbf a9L 8fS6/ lg:s]sf 5g\ . To:t}, dl0fkfnaf6 @*#, aLkL sf]O/fnf :jf:Yo lj1fg k|lti7fgaf6 @%( / g]kfnu~haf6 $& hgf 8fS6/ sfo{If]qdf k'u]sf 5g\ .

d]l8l;g k9\g rfxg]n] k|foM ;a} sn]hsf k|j]z k/LIffdf k|lt:kwf{ t ug}{k5{, To;dfly 5fqj[lQ jf sd z'Nsdf k9\g t ‰g} k|ltefjfg x'g'kb{5 . clxn];Dd k|foM k|ltefjfg ljBfyL{x¿ g} egf{ x'g] lqlj, dxf/fhu~h SofDk;sf] k9fOsf] :t/ ;a}eGbf /fd|f] dflgPsf] 5 . g]kfn d]l8sn sn]hsf lk|lG;kn 8f= z]v/afa' l/hfn sd z'Nssf sf/0f cGo sn]hsf] t'ngfdf lqljdf s8f k|lt:kwf{ u/]/ /fd|f ljBfyL{x¿ k'Ug] u/]sf] atfpF5g\ . lqljsf] cf};t pQL0f{ b/ ^) k|ltzt 5 eg] s]o" cGtu{tsf d]l8sn sn]hx¿sf] *)–() k|ltzt x'g]u/]sf] atfOG5 . lrlsT;fzf:q cWoog ;+:yfg, d]l8sn Ph's];g ljefusf lgb]{zs lqnf]sklt yfkf klg lqljsf] kf; /]6 c¿ sn]hx¿sf] eGbf sd ePsf] :jLsf/ u5{g\ .

cfo'j]{bb]lv cfw'lgs lrlsT;f;Dd
g]kfndf k/Dk/fut lrlsT;f lzIffsf] ;'?cft lj=;+= !(() df j}B / slj/fh pTkfbg ug]{ g]kfn /fhsLo cfo'j]{b ljBfnosf] :yfkgf;Fu} ePsf] xf] . sDkfp08/, 8«];/, g;{{, x]Ny cl;:6]06 / cl;:6]06 x]Ny js{;{ -cx]j_ h:tf :jf:Yo–sdL{x¿sf] pTkfbg klxn]–b]lv z'? ul/P klg cfw'lgs lrlsT;fzf:qsf] cWoogn] km8\sf] df/]sf] rflxF ! ;fpg @)@* df lqljcGtu{t lrlsT;fzf:q cWoog ;+:yfg -cfOcf]Pd_ :yfkgf ePkl5 dfq xf] . z'?df k|df0fkq txsf g;{ / :jf:Yo ;xfosx¿sf] pTkfbgdf ;Lldt cfOcf]Pdsf] k9fO clxn] PdaLaLP; x'Fb} ljifout ljz]if1tf lbnfpg] :gftsf]Q/ tx -Pd8L, PdP;_;Dd lj:tf/ ePsf] 5 .

;/sf/L ;]jfdf /x]sf :jf:Yo ;xfosx¿nfO{ pRr lzIff lbg] p2]Zon] cfOcf]Pdn] @)#% ;fndf PdaLaLP;sf] k9fO z'? u¥of] . jl/i7tfsf] cfwf/df k9\g hfg] x]Ny cl;i6]06x¿ k9fO k"/f ubf{ cjsfzsf] xf/fxf/Ldf k'Ug] / pgLx¿dfly ul/Psf] nufgLsf] ck]lIft k|ltkmn gcfpg] b]v]/ @)$! ;fndf x]Ny cl;:6]06 / cfOP:;L pQL0f{x¿af6 %)–%) k|ltztsf b/n] PdaLaLP;sf] nflu egf{ lng z'? ul/of] / @)%& ;fndf x]Ny cl;:6]06af6 PdaLaLP; ug{ ;lsg] k|fjwfgnfO{ g} k"/} x6fOof] . k|hftGqsf] k'g:yfkgfkl5 lrlsT;fzf:qsf] cWoogdf cfd g]kfnLsf] kx'Fr a9fpg k|To]s If]qdf lzIf0f c:ktfn vf]Ng] / lghL If]qnfO{ d]l8sn sn]h / lzIf0f c:ktfnx¿ vf]Ng lbg] gLlt ag]kl5 g]kfndf d]l8sn sn]hx¿ v'Ng] nx/ cfPsf] xf] .

g]kfnsf d]l8sn sn]hx¿df Pp6f g]kfnL ljBfyL{nfO{ PdaLaLP; k"/f ug{ !^ b]lv !* nfv ?k}ofF;Dd vr{ nfU5 eg] ef/tLo ljBfyL{n] Tolt g} ef? / t];|f] d'n'ssf ljBfyL{n] ef/tLo d'b|f a/fa/sf] cd]l/sL 8n/ ltg'{ kb{5 . ;fdfGotof PdaLaLP; k"/f ug{ Ps jif{sf] k|lzIf0fsfn ;d]t ;f9] kfFr jif{ nfU5 . ljifout ljz]if1tf xfl;n ug{ rfxg]x¿n] yk tLgjif]{ Pd8L÷PdP; u5{g\ . s]xL jif{ cl3;Dd h:tf] g]kfnL 8fS6/x¿n] ljz]if1tf xfl;n ug{ ljb]zd} hfg'kg]{ l:ylt ca 5}g . g]kfnd} k|foM ;a} ˆofsN6Lx¿df Pd8L, PdP;sf] cWoog, cWofkg x'g yfn]sf] 5 . jL/ c:ktfnl:yt g]zgn Ps]8]dL ckm d]l8sn ;fOG;, aLkL :jf:Yo lj1fg k|lti7fg, dl0fkfn / sf7df8f}F d]l8sn sn]hn] o:tf] :k];nfOh];g z'? ul/;s]sf 5g\ . To;kl5 ul/g] …;'k/ :k];nfOh]zgÚsf] sf];{ eg] g]kfndf xfn;Dd pknJw 5}g .

ef/tnufot cGo d'n'sdf PdaLaLP; k9\bf nfUg] ?=#)–$) nfvsf] t'ngfdf w]/} ;:tf] eP klg cfd g]kfnL hgtfsf] x}l;otleq c‰} kg{ g;s]sf] g]kfnL d]l8sn sn]hx¿sf] z'Nsn] 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ 8fS6/ agfpg rfxg] cleefjsx¿nfO{ s]xL /fxt eg] k'¥ofPsf] 5 . cfly{s lx;fan] t sl/j ?=# nfvd} PdaLaLP; k"/f ug{ ;lsg] dxf/fhu~h SofDk;sf ljBfyL{ / ltgsf cleefjsx¿ efUodfgL dflgG5g\ . lghL If]qsf sn]hx¿n] klg ;/sf/L 5fqj[lQdf k9\g cfpg] ljBfyL{x¿sf nflu !) b]lv @) k|ltzt sf]6f 5'6\ofP/ d]xgtL / d]wfjL ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ s]xL cj;/ pknAw u/fPsf 5g\ .


8Da/s[i0f >]i7
cQ/v]n, hf]/kf6Ll:yt g]kfn d]l8sn sn]h

ljb]zL klg cfslif{t
g]kfnsf d]l8sn sn]hx¿df ;fs{ d'n'snufot blIf0f clk|msf, hfkfg / dn]lzof;Ddsf ljBfyL{x¿ k9\5g\ . g]kfn d]l8sn sn]hsf lk|lG;kn 8f= z]v/afa' l/hfn eG5g\, æxfd|f sn]hx¿df ljb]zL ljBfyL{x¿sf] kx'Fr / cfsif{0f b'a} al9/x]sf] 5, of] lgs} ;sf/fTds ;Í]t xf] .Æ :jf:Yo / lzIffÙ g]kfndf ljb]zL leœofpg] ko{6gkl5sf k|d'v If]q x'g ;S5g\ . lrlsT;fzf:qsf] cWoogn] oL b'j} If]qnfO{ ;d]6]sf] 5 / d]l8sn sn]hx¿ g]kfnnfO{ d]l8sn lzIffsf] gofF uGtJo agfpg] lbzfdf cu|;/ 5g\ . t/ ;/sf/n] o;nfO{ c‰} k|a4{g ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g .

g]kfndf lrlsT;f lzIffn] klg …/]ld6]G;Ú leœofpg ;S5 . vf8L d'n'sx¿lt/af6 klg ljBfyL{ cfpg ;S5g\ . :jb]zdf k9]sf g]kfnL 8fS6/x¿n] afXo d'n'sdf sfd kfpg] ;+efjgf klg plQs} 5 . d]l8sn sn]h / ltgsf lzIf0f c:ktfnnfO{ Jojl:yt ug]{tkm{ ;/sf/ cln a9L ;lqmo x'g] xf] eg] :jf:Yo ko{6gsf] ;Defjgf klg TolQs} k|an b]lvG5, ;LdfjtL{ cfFvf c:ktfnx¿df ef/tLo lj/fdLx¿sf] tfFtL nfu] ‰}F .

lghL sn]h / lzIf0f c:ktfnx¿n] bIf lrlsT;s pTkfbg u/]/ / hgtfnfO{ :jf:Yo ;]jf k'¥ofP/ ;/sf/nfO{ ;xof]u klg k'¥ofPsf 5g\ . ;/sf/L c:ktfnsf] eL8ef8 / cJoj:yf tyf gl;{ªxf]d / kf]lnlSnlgsx¿sf] dxFuf] z'Nssf] ljsNkdf cfdlj/fdLx¿sf nflu ;'ne uGtJo ag]sf 5g\ lzIf0f c:ktfnx¿ . dxf/fhu~h lzIf0f c:ktfn / aLkL sf]O/fnf :jf:Yo lj1fg k|lti7fgn] sdfPsf] Vofltaf6} o;sf] k'li6 x['G5 . gofF sn]hx¿;d]t cfˆgf c:ktfnnfO{ ;'ljwf;DkGg agfpg] k|lt:kwf{df h'6]sf 5g\ .

;d:of klg 5g\
ˆofsN6L, k"jf{wf/ / nufgL– g]kfnL d]l8sn sn]hsf d'Vo ;d:of x'g\ . clxn] ;o hgf 8fS6/ pTkfbg ug]{ ;ft ;o z}o\ofsf] c:ktfn;lxt Pp6f d]l8sn sn]h vf]Ng 8]9b]lv b'O{ ca{ ?k}ofF;Dd cfjZos k5{ . t/ o; If]qdf Jofkfl/s nufgL c‰} cfpg ;s]sf] 5}g, s]xL :yflkt 8fS6/x¿sf] sdfO / ljb]zaf6 cfPsf] nufgLd} ;Lldt 5g\ lghL If]qsf d]l8sn sn]hx¿ . 8f= l/hfn eG5g\, ælzIf0f c:ktfnx¿df x'g] nufgLn] w]/} kl5 uP/ dfq} k|ltkmn lbg] x'gfn] Jofkfl/s If]qaf6 nufgL gcfPsf] x'g;S5 .Æ g]kfn 8]06n c:ktfnsf sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs ;'zLn sf]O/fnf eG5g\, æclxn] lghL lzIf0f c:ktfnx¿ ljBfyL{sf] z'Nsn] dfq} rn]sf x'g\ . Jofkfl/s If]qaf6 nufgL gcfpg] xf] eg] tLg–rf/ jif{df s]xL lghL c:ktfnx¿ Psfk;df ljno x'g] cj:yf cfpg ;S5 .Æ

#& 8fS6/ / s]xL Ol~hlgo/;lxt s/La %) hgfsf] ;d"xåf/f :yflkt g]kfn d]l8sn sn]hdf clxn];Dd ?=#! s/f]8sf] nufgL ePsf] 5 . c:ktfnsf] gfkmf ;d]t k"jf{wf/ ljsf;d} nufpFbf klg ;f]r]h:tf] eOg;s]sf] 8f= l/hfn atfpF5g\ . ;/sf/L ah]6af6 s]xL ;xof]u kfpg] lqlj lzIf0f c:ktfn klg ljQLo ;Í6df 5 / ljb]zL ljBfyL{n] ltg]{ z'Ns tyf cGo bfgbftJoaf6 h;f]t;f] rln/x]sf] 5 . aLkL sf]O/fnf :jf:Yo lj1fg k|lti7fgsf] ljQLo cfjZostfsf] pNn]Vo c+z ljb]zL ljBfyL{x¿sf] z'Ns g} xf] .


ls/0f kf08]

;fdfGotof lzIf0f c:ktfnx¿ lzIff, ;]jf / cg';Gwfgsf] lqj]0fL dflgG5g\ . t/ g]kfnsf lzIf0f c:ktfnx¿df cg';Gwfgsf] sfd cfSsn‰'Ssn dfq x'g] u/]sf] 5 . efjL 8fS6/x¿nfO{ k9fpg] lzIfs …k|flS6;g/Ú dfq geP/ cg';Gwfgstf{ klg x'g'kg]{ a'l‰G5 . t/ g]kfndf w]/}h;f] k]zfdf ;lqmo 8fS6/x¿n] g} k|f]km];/sf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ul//fv]sf 5g\ . @% jif{ lrlsT;f k]zfdf /lx;s]sfx¿nfO{ k|fWofks g} dflgG5 . To:tf 8fS6/x¿sf] cg'ejaf6 ;d]t ljBfyL{ nfeflGjt x'g] atfpFb} 8f= l/hfn eG5g\, ævf;u/L sG;n6]06nfO{ xfdL s];x¿ dflysf] 5nkmn / lSnlgsn cWoogdf ;xefuL u/fpF5f}F .Æ

sn]h / c:ktfnx¿sf ef}lts ;'ljwfdf ;'wf/ x'Fb} uPklg lzIfssf] eg] cefj 5 . ljZj :jf:Yo ;Ë7gsf] 5fqj[lQdf k9\g kfOg] Joj:yf / k'/fgf] klg ePsf]n] lqlj lzIf0f c:ktfnn] bIf ˆofsN6L tof/ ug{ ;s]sf] 5 . @)#^ ;fntfsf dxf/fhu~h SofDk;sf !( hgf cWofksdWo] g]kfnL rf/ hgf dfq lyP eg] clxn] …km/]lG;s ;fOG;Úsf ;}4flGts ljz]if1x¿afx]s cGo ;a} ljifodf g]kfnL lzIfsx¿ 5g\ . t/ ˆofsN6L tof/ ug]{ o:tf] cj;/ cGo sn]hx¿n] kfPsf 5}gg\ . Pgf6f]dL, lkmlhof]nf]hL, kmdf{sf]nf]hL h:tf PdaLaLP;sf] klxnf] b'O{ jif{df k9\g'kg]{ ljifosf nflu …a]l;s ;fOG;Ú k9fpg] hgzlQm kof{Kt gePsf]n] clwsf+z sn]hx¿ cjsfzk|fKt ef/tLo k|f]km];/x¿df lge{/ 5g\ . lzIfsx¿sf] rf]/frf]/ x'G5, Ps dlxgfcl3 Pp6f sn]hdf b]lvPsf] k|f]km];/ csf]{ dlxgf cs}{ sn]hdf b]lvg ;S5 . Pd8L / PdP;sf] nflu cfjZos z}lIfs hgzlQmsf] t ‰g\ 7"nf] cefj 5 .

b]zdf clxn] !@ j6f d]l8sn sn]hx¿ cfkm"nfO{ :yflkt ug]{ k|of;df nflu/x]sf a]nf %–^ j6f gofF d]l8sn sn]h cfpg] xNnf klg rn]sf] 5 . o;af6 8fS6/x¿sf] ;+Vof cem w]/} a9\g] b]lvP klg gofF sn]hx¿sf] cfudgn] ePsf sn]hx¿nfO{ :yflkt x'g glbg] cfsng 5 8f= x]dfË bLlIftsf] . pgL eG5g\, æklxn] ePsfnfO{ t l:y/ x'g lbg'k5{ lg ÛÆ ljZj Jofkf/ ;Ë7gsf] ;b:o eO;s]sf] g]kfnn] ljb]zL nufgL jf ljb]zL sn]hx¿sf] cfudgnfO{ /f]Sg t g;Snf . aflx/sf sn]hnfO{ g]kfndf zfvf vf]Ng lbg]÷glbg], ljBfyL{x¿df lje]b ug]{÷gug]{ s'/fx¿ klg ax;sf ljifo x'g ;S5g\ . t/ tTsfn eg] ;/sf/n] lghL lzIf0f c:ktfnx¿nfO{ klg ;fFlRrs} ;xof]u ug'{kg]{ a]nf cfO;s]sf] 8f= l/hfn atfpF5g\ . pgsf] egfOdf o:tf lzIf0f c:ktfnx¿nfO{ k|fyldstfsf] >]0fLdf /fv]/ ;/n C0f lbg'kb{5 .

rLglt/sf] cfsif{0f
g]kfnd} Pskl5 csf]{ d]l8sn sn]h v'n] klg lrlsT;f lj1fgsf] k9fOsf nflu ljb]z hfg]x¿sf] ;ª\Vof 36]sf] 5}g . ef/t, afª\nfb]z, ?;, o'qm]g, a]nf?;, shfv:tfg nufot s]xL k"j{ ;f]leot u0f/fHosf cltl/Qm kl5Nnf] ;do rLg uP/ PdaLaLP; k9\g]x¿sf] ;ª\Vof klg pNn]Vo ¿kdf a9]sf] 5 .

lrlsT;f lzIffk|lt g]kfnL ljBfyL{sf]] cfsif{0f b]v]/ s]xL lrlgofF d]l8sn sn]hn] sf7df8fF}d} ;Dks{ sfof{no ;d]t vf]nL lj1fkg ug{ / ljBfyL{ egf{ lng yfn]sf 5g\ . g]kfn / ef/taf6 lzIfsx¿ ;d]t lgDTofpg] x]a]O{, lhGUhL h:tf lrlgofF ljZjljBfnox¿ g]kfnL ljBfyL{x¿df‰ nf]slk|o x'Fb} uPsf 5g\ . g]kfnL ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ rLgdf k9fpg] tf/tDo ldnfpg]dWo] Ps g]kfn Ps]8dL ckm d]l8sn Ph's]zg -g]d_ sf lgb]{zs 8f= gjLgs'df/ zdf{ eG5g\, ælrlgofF k|f]km];/x¿ cfkm}F pTs[i6 ePklg yk :t/Lotfsf nflu xfdLn] g]kfnL ljBfyL{x¿;Fu} oxfFsf k|f]km];/x¿nfO{ klg rLg k7fpg yfn]sf xf}F .Æ

;fydf 8Da/s[i0f >]i7, /d]z kf}8]n / /fd]Zj/ af]x/f