cfj/0f÷ljrf/
/fhf–hgtf
c¿ slt nl8/xg] <
;+ljwfg;efsf] ljsNksf af/]df c¿ s~h':ofOF ug'{sf] ca s'g} t's 5}g . s]jn c8\sf]k8\sf]sf nflu lSnlgsaf6 Ao'FtfOg] @)$& sf] ;+ljwfgn] efjL lgsf; / ;'wf/sf] vfFrf]nfO{ y]Ug ;Sg] 5}g .

• k|f= s[i0f vgfn

dLg ah|frfo{

@)^) ;fnsf] ;dflKt / @)^! ;fnsf] k|f/De;Fu} g]]kfnL /fhgLltn] gofF df]8 lng] ;Defjgf a9]sf] 5 . ;+;bjfbL kfFr kf6L{x¿sf] Ps jif{eGbf nfdf] lj/f]w sfo{qmdn] aNn …lg0ff{osÚ :j?k lng nfu]sf] 5 . kf6L{sf k5fl8 hgtf 5}gg\ eGg] h'g 9f]n lkl6Psf] lyof] To;nfO{ r}t !( kl5sf] cfGbf]ngn] /fd|} hjfkm lbPsf] 5 . cfGbf]ngdf XjfQ} a9]sf] of] hgnx/nfO{ s]jn kfFr kf6L{sf] cfXjfgsf] kl/0ffd dfq dfGg' klg plrt gxf]nf . d'n'sdf ljBdfg bl/b|tf / k5f}6]kgnfO{ ;fdGto'uLg /fhgLlts ;f]rdf 9fNg] k|oTg Pj+ :jR5 zf;gsf] gfddf a9\b} uPsf] …clegGbg/fhÚ / /fhfsf] bf}8fxf e|d0fdf b]vfOPsf] x's'd / lgb]{zgd'vL zf;gsf ‰fFsLx¿k|lt gful/s–hjfkm klg xf] of] . /fHosf] pu| bdgsf afah"b clxn] kl/rflnt ePsf] hg;d"x Go"gtd pknlAwlagf /f]lsg] ;Defjgf 5}g . t/ cfGbf]ngsf/Lsf] dfu cg';f/ ;/sf/ kl/jt{g x'Fb}df clxn]sf] hl6n /fhgLlts ;Í6af6 d'n'sn] ;xh lgsf; kfpg] 7fGg' klg ;txL lgisif{ x'g]5 . tyflk ;+;bjfbL zlQm / /fhfsf aLr ;d‰bf/L eP/ aGg] ;j{bnLo ;/sf/ / k|ltlglw;efsf] k'g:yf{kgf efjL lgsf;sf] nflu k|:yfglaGb' aGg ;S5 . clxn]sf] kl/l:yltnfO{ /fhfn] c¿ pk]Iff ul//x] eg] xfnsf] lj/f]w sfo{qmdn] u0ftGqfTds cfGbf]ngsf] ?k lng] klg lglZrt 5 . o; cy{df @)^! ;fn g]kfnL /fhgLltdf csf]{ Pp6f lg0ff{os jif{sf ¿kdf :yflkt x'g ;Sg]5 .

@))& ;fnsf] kl/jt{gnfO{ cfwf/ dfGbf b]z cfw'lgs /fhgLlt / /fHosf] cjwf/0ffdf k|j]z u/]sf] cfwf ztfAbL gfl3;s]sf] 5 . t/ xfdL c‰} nf]stGqsf cfwf/e"t l;4fGt, ;+/rgf / k|lqmofsf ;d:ofx¿d} cNdlnPsf 5f}F . b'O{×÷b'O{ k6s nf]stGqsf] kIfdf 7"N7"nf /fhgLlts kl/jt{g x'Fbf klg d'n'ssf] k|d'v /fhgLlts ;jfn c‰} nf]stGqs} k|flKtsf nflu s]lGb|t /x]sf] 5 . olb o:t} cj:yf /lx/xg] xf] eg] hlt cfGbf]ng u/] klg hlt k6s nf]stGqsf] k'g:yf{kgf u/] klg s] cy{ < nf]stGq af/Daf/ ckxl/t eO/xg'sf] sf/0f s] xf] < oltv]/ g]kfnL /fhgLltn] uDeL/ ¿kdf o;sf] pQ/ vf]h]sf] 5 . /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿ Tof] d"n sf/0fsf] klxrfg / tbg'?ksf] :yfoL lgsf; eGbf klg kl/0ffdsf] pkrf/d} a9L s]lGb|t x'g] u/]sf 5g\ . !* c;f]hsf] zfxL sbd eg]sf] k|hftGq / /fh;+:yfaLrsf] åGåsf] kl/0ffd dfq xf] . kl5sf] k':tfn] km]l/ km]l/ cfGbf]ng ul//xg' gk/f];\ eg]/ /fhgLlts g]tfx¿ hgtfnfO{ cfZj:t kfg{ vf]Hb}5g\ . pgLx¿ …olb×Ú / …t/Ú hf]8]/ pQ/ lbFb}5g\ . zfob oxL sf/0fn] ubf{Ù …hgcfGbf]ngÚ elgPsf] kfFr kf6L{sf] of] cfGbf]ng clxn];Dd !* c;f]hsf] zfxL sbdsf] lj/f]wdf dfq} ;Lldt /xg k'u]sf] 5 .

krf; jif{eGbf nfdf] cjlw / o;aLrsf rf/ j6} /fhfx¿sf] nf]stGq;Fusf] cfdg];fdg]nfO{ ;fdfGo 9Ën] cjnf]sg ubf{Ù /fhf lqe'jgb]lv jt{dfg /fhf 1fg]Gb|;Ddn] nf]stGqsf] :yflkt d"No / k/Dk/f;Fu d]n /fVg g;s]sf] :ki6 b]lvG5 . df}sf kfpgf;fy k|To]sn] dWoo'uLg lg/ª\s'z /fhtGqsf] z}nLdf …/fhsLo ;Qf×Ú cfkm"df cGt/lglxt ePsf] 3f]if0ff ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . hlxn] klg /fh;+:yfnfO{ g} hgtfk|ltsf] clGtd bfloTjsf] xsbf/ bfaL ug]{ ul/G5 . zfob o;} cg'?k /fhf b]zsf] ljleGg efudf b'Mvbb{ kLl8t hgtfnfO{ zflGt / ljsf;sf] cZjf;g afF8\b}5g\ . ;+j}wflgs k|lqmofsf] z"Gotfdf clxn] klg /fHosf tdfd lqmofsnfksf] clGtd j}wflgs >f]t /fh;+:yf dfq} eP h:tf] 5 . /fhfsf cleJolQm / Jojxf/ klg To;}nfO{ k'li6 ug]{ vfnsf 5g\ . t/ o;sf nflu /fhf sfg"gL ¿kdf sxLF st} s;};Fu klg lhDd]jf/ x'g'kb}{g . /Ù nf]stGq;Fu slxNo} d]n gvfg] s'/f klg oxL xf] . To;}n] clxn] k|Zg p7\g yfn]sf] 5— s] g]kfndf /fh;+:yf / nf]stGq ;Fu;Fu} /xg ;Dej 5 < sltko ;DkGg d'n's / ToxfFsf /fhtGqx¿ x]bf{ of] s'/f cfkm}Fdf c;Dej nfUb}g . t/ hgtfsf] b'Mvbb{ d]6\g] gfddf g]kfnsf /fhfx¿n] cfˆgf] zf;sLo cfsf+IffnfO{ ;+oldt ug{ g;Sbf nf]stGqsf] cEof; k6sk6s s'l07t / ljvl08t x'g] u/]sf] 5 . /fhfsf] g]t[Tj / kxndf ;+;f/df sxLF klg nf]stGqsf] k'g:yf{kgf / ;'b[9Ls/0f ePsf] pbfx/0f 5}g .

kfFr kf6L{sf] clxn];Ddsf] cfGbf]ngn] /fhf / nf]stGqsf aLrsf] of] cGt/lj/f]wnfO{ l5rf]Ng] k|of; u/]sf] 5}g . ;+j}wflgs z"Gotfdf /fhfnfO{ cfˆgf] :yfg / e"ldsf a9fpg lbg] qmddf lxhf] g]tfx¿ :jo+ uf]6L ag] . r'gfj x'g g;Sg] 5n{ª\u x'Fbfx'Fb} cfˆgf] zf;gnfO{ cs06s agfpg k|ltlglw;efsf] lj36g u/L b/af/sf] ;fy vf]Hg] sfd hglgjf{lrt k|wfgdGqLaf6} ePsf] xf] . ljeflht sfª\u|];sf] kmfObf p7fP/ Psnf}6L zf;gsf] ;kgf Pdfn]n] b]v]s} xf] . r'gfjnfO{ dfcf]jfbL ljb|f]xsf] /fhgLlts lgsf; nufot cu|ufdL ;'wf/sf] cj;/sf ¿kdf pkof]u ug]{ lxDdt / cfTdljZjf;sf] abnf ;+j}wflgs l/Qmtfsf aLr ;Qf ;f‰]bf/Lsf] cfzf ;a} kf6L{x¿n] u/]s} x'g\ . oL ;a}sf] kl/0ffd xf] ;lhn};Fu ;fFlrnf] x'Fb} /fhfsf] c;f]h !* df cjt/0f . To;}sf] pkrf/ vf]Hb}5g\ clxn] g]tfx¿ cfGbf]ngsf dfWodaf6 . olb /fhf ;+ljwfgsf] lgi7fk"0f{ ;+/If0fdf g} ;Lldt /lxlbPsf] eP lat]sf] 8]9÷b'O{ jif{df d'n'sn] Pp6f lgsf; lnO;s]sf] x'g]lyof], ;+;bjfbL zlQmn] cfGbf]ngsf] af6f] ;dfpg'kg]{ g} lyPg . ;fy} pgLdf hgtfaf6 ;jf{lws jfxfjfxf kfpg] r/d ef]s ghfu]sf] x'Fbf] xf] t kf6L{x¿sf] cfGbf]ngdf hg;dy{gsf] of] nx/ cfpg] klg lyPg . jf:tjdf w]/} cfGbf]ngx¿ kl/jt{gsf Ph]08fn] eGbf klg tTsfnLg zf;sx¿sf] cxÍf/, cb"/blz{tf / a'l4xLgtfn] ubf{ lg0ff{os x'g k'u]sf 5g\ . lg/ª\s'z ;Qfsf] clenfiffn] Oltxf;df af/Daf/ bf]xf]l/Fb} cfPsf 36gfrqmaf6 slxNo} kf7 gl;Sg] k|j[lQ zf;s ju{ / ltgsf cf;]kf;]df hxLFtxLF kfOG5 . zfob cfGbf]ngsf] Pp6f k|d'v sf/s / ;kmntfsf] k|f/lDeslaGb' klg oxL g} xf] .

clxn]sf] cfGbf]ngsf] ha/h:t …c08/s/]G6Ú eg]sf]Ù ;r]t g]kfnLdf h/f uf8]sf] /fhf / nf]stGqnfO{ ;Fu;Fu} cl3 a9fpg] k|of; ug'{ ;|f]t / ;dosf] aaf{bL dfq x'g]5 eGg] alnof] ljZjf; / cfd hgtfdf /fh;+:yfk|ltsf] cnufj xf] . zfob, /fhfn] klg of] s'/f a'‰]sf 5g\ . To;}n] pgL gofF cf}lrTosf] vf]hLdf clegGbg / bf}8fxf e|d0f ul//x]sf 5g\ . of] cefj, clzIff / cr]tgfsf] bnbndf ;lbof}Fb]lv efl;Fb} cfPsf hgtfsf] ;fy a6'Ng] k|oTg x'g;S5 . t/ /fhfsf o:tf kxn g} kof{Kt x'g] eP ljZjdf nf]stGqsf] / hgk|ltlflwd"ns /fHo / hg;Ë7gx¿sf] pb\ej g} x'g]lyPg . oL e|d0fx¿df hgtfn] /fhf;Fu ;f]‰} dfu u/]sf / /fhfn] pgLx¿sf ;fd'Gg] jfrf u/]sf s'/fx¿ sfof{Gjog ug]{ ;+oGq s] xf] < Pp6f ;+oGq x's'dL zf;g cyjf lgb]{zgd'vL Joj:yf xf], h'g lg/ª\s'z /fhtGq cg's"n x'G5 . o;sf nflu s'g} /fhgLlts ;+/rgf cfjZos kb}{g, cfb]z sfof{Gjog ug]{÷u/fpg] k|zf;g / gdfGg]nfO{ 7f]Sg] lgi7fjfg\ ;'/Iff an eP k'U5 . sfd laufbf{ jf uNtL ubf{ tnsfnfO{ ;hfo ug]{ Joj:yf eP klg dflysfn] s'g} pQ/bfloTj axg ug'{kb}{g . ;+ljwfg / sfg"g eg]sf] lgoGq0fsf] cf}hf/sf ¿kdf dfq pkof]u x'G5g\ . clxn]sf] xfd|f] cj:yf eg]sf] o:t} xf] . csf]{ eg]sf] nf]stGq xf], h;df /fhfsf] cfb]z÷lgb]{zg cfjZos x'Gg . a]nfa]nfdf x'g] c/fhs / b08xLgtfsf] l:yltnfO{ hgtfsf] bafa / cledtn] ;Rofpg] ;Defjgfx¿ ljBdfg x'G5g\ . ;+ljwfg / sfg"gn] hgtfnfO{ bdg, zf]if0f / eoaf6 d'lQmsf] Uof/]G6L u/]sf] x'G5 .

cfhsf] g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df nf]stGq dfq xf]Og, /fHos} cf}lrTodfly k|Zg p7\g yfn]sf] 5 . /fhwfgL / s]xL k|d'v zx/÷ahf/df dfq pkl:ylt ;Lldt ePsf] elgP klg /fhb/af/ / l;+xb/af/df a:g] afx]s c¿ s;}n] /fHosf] cl:tTjaf]w ug{ ;Sg] cj:yf 5}g . o;sf] pkl:ylt /fhb/af/ / l;+xb/af/df dfq} ;Lldt x'gk'u]sf] 5 . !* c;f]hkl5 b]zsf] /fhgLlt / ;'/Iff l:ylt c¿ lalu|Psf] dfq xf]Og, d'n's ;du|df w/f;foL ePsf] 5 . oyfy{df ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf pRr kb:y g]kfnL clwsf/L s'nrGb| uf}tdn] eg]h:t} xfdL sxfnLnfUbf] …dfgj b'3{6gfÚsf] af6f]af6 u'lh|Fb}5f}F . l:ylt lbg b'O{ u'gf /ft rf}u'gf lalu|Psf] 5 . t/ lhDd]jf/L lng] s;n] < nf]s]Gb| / ;"o{axfb'/x¿ t hLjge/sf tfj]bf/ x'g\ . c;f]h !* kl5 ;+ljwfg / ;+j}wflgs /fh;+:yfk|lt Psf]xf]/f] lgi7f bzf{pg] ;+;bjfbL kf6L{x¿ / /fhfaLr a9]sf] åGå cGttM /fhfs} nflu k|To'Tkfbs aGb} uPsf] 5 . kmntM, dflg;x¿nfO{ g]kfndf /fh;+:yfs} pkof]lutf ;lsPsf] xf] ls eGg] nfUg yfn]sf] 5 .

o; kl/l:yltaf6 d'n'sn] qf0f kfpg] s;/L < cfGbf]ngn] vf]Ng] /fhgLlts lgsf; s] xf] < jf:tjdf cfGbf]ngsf/Lx¿n] v'b|fdf afx]s ;du|df o;sf] pQ/ c‰} lbPsf 5}gg\, lbg rfx]sf klg b]lvGgg\ . klxnf /fhfnfO{ 7fpFdf /fvf}F clg dfcf]jfbL;Fu jftf{ u/f}Fnf / Pp6f ;xdltsf] lgsf;df k'uf}Fnf eGg] ;f]rn] pgLx¿ cufl8 a9]sf b]lvG5g\ . o; cy{df clxn]sf] kl/l:yltnfO{ lgsf; lbg] b'O6f dfq ljsNk afFsL b]lvG5g\Ù klxnf]Ù xf], cfGbf]ngnfO{ u0ftGqsf] lbzf lbg] h;df xltof/ / lx+;fsf] af6f] TofuL dfcf]jfbL klg ;fd]n xf]pg\ . xf], g]kfnsf] jt{dfg cj:yfsf sf/0f cGt/f{li6«o dt u0ftGqsf kIfdf gx'g;S5 . dfcf]jfbL lx+;f / Wj+;sf sf/0f /fhfnfO{ cGt/f{li6«o ;}lgs ;xof]udf sdL gxf]nf . t/ d'n'ssf] l:ylt /fhfsf] lgoGq0f eGbf aflx/ k'lu;s]sf] tyf pgL cfkm}F vf]qmf] / cToGt lg/Lx aGb} uPsf] s'/fdf ca cGt/f{li6«o ;d'bfo cgle1 5}g xf]nf . To;}n] oltv]/, pgLx¿n] klg ;Qf ;Gt'ngsf s'/fdf gcNdlnO{ cfd g]kfnL hgtfsf] lxtdf kxn ug'{ h?/L x'g yfn]sf] 5 . ;a}nfO{ yfxf ePsf] s'/f xf], /fhflagfsf b]z w]/} 5g\ t/ b]zlagfsf] /fhf ljb]zsf] z/0fdf dfq xf]nfg\ .

bf]>f] ljsNk eg]sf] ;+;bjfbL kf6L{x¿n] dfu u/] adf]lhd ;j{bnLo ;/sf/sf] u7g / k|ltlglw;efsf] k'g:yf{kgf . o;n] dfq c;f]h !* df ;+ljwfgaf6 aflx/ lg:s]sf /fhfnfO{ km]l/ ;+ljwfgsf] bfo/fdf Nofpg ;S5 . t/ of] cfkm}Fdf cGTo eg] xf]Og . gofF ;/sf/n] dfcf]jfbL ljb|f]xnfO{ j}wflgs /fhgLlts lgsf; lbg k'gM jftf{sf] ;fy{s kxn ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . ;+ljwfg;efsf] ljsNksf af/]df c¿ s~h':ofOF ug'{sf] ca s'g} t's 5}g . s]jn c8\sf]k8\sf]sf nflu lSnlgsaf6 Ao'FtfOg] @)$& sf] ;+ljwfgn] efjL lgsf; / ;'wf/sf] vfFrf]nfO{ y]Ug ;Sg] 5}g . k|ltlglw;efn] gofF ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] nflu ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj ug]{ k|:tfj u|x0f ug'{k5{ . ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3 h:tf cGt/f{li6«o ;d'bfox¿n] lgikIf r'gfjsf] Uof/]G6L, r'gfjdf cleJoQm hgfb]zsf] kl/kfngf / dfcf]jfbL n8fs' b:tfsf] k'g:yf{kgf Pj+ xltof/sf] x:tfGt/0f k|lqmofsf] lgjf{w sfof{Gjogdf bx|f] ;+nUgtf;lxt h'6\g' cfjZos x'G5 .

of] ljsNk klg /fhfsf nflu vt/fd'Qm eg] 5}g . cfGbf]ngaf6 ˆofFlsg] jf hgdtsf] s73/fdf pleg] afx]s /fhfsf ;fd' klg c¿ ljsNk afFsL b]lvGg . ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfjdf hgtfn] ;+j}wflgs /fh;+:yfsf ¿kdf lg/Gt/tf lbP /fhf /xg ;S5g\ cGoyf u0ftGqsf] zflGtk"0f{ ;ª\qmd0fsf nflu /fhf klg tof/ x'g'kg]{ x'G5 . b]z / hgtfsf nflu /fhfn] ug{;Sg] cg'kd Tofu / ;]jf PSsfO;f}F ztfAbLsf] ljZjdf oxL g} ;jf]{Ts[i6 pbfx/0f eP/ /xg]5 .