/fli6«o lgs'~hsf] …lghLs/0fÚ slt hf]lvdk"0f{ <

h}ljs ljljwtfsf] ;+/If0f;Fu} /f]huf/L, cfo{cfh{g / /fh:j j[l4 ug]{ nIo /fv]/ ;/sf/n] s]xL /fli6«o lgs'~hx¿sf] Joj:yfkg u}/–;/sf/L If]qnfO{ ;'lDkg vf]h]sf] 5 . ;+/If0f / cfDbfgL ;Fu;Fu} ug]{ lj/f]wfef;k"0f{ of] ;/sf/L gLltn] /fi6«sf cd"No ;Dkbfdfly vt/f cfpg ;Sg] eo k}bf ePsf] 5 .

u'nfanfO{ b]v]/ /fd|f] x] efO g5'g" Û
nf]en] x]¥of]Ù df]xgL uof] hËnL gx'g" Û
l;h{gf leq /rgf /fd|f gh/sf h'xf/ Û
O{Zj/sf] xfF;f] kfPsf km"n 5f]P/ gdf/ Û
– dxfslj nIdLk|;fb b]jsf]6f

k|s[lt ;+/If0fsf] of] d"n dGq d'gf–dbgdf k9\g kfpF5f} . k|s[ltsf] l;h{gfleqsf /rgfx¿nfO{ hf]ufO/fVg' g} /fli6«o lgs'~hsf] k|d'v Wo]o / bfloTj xf] . of] bfloTj u}/ ;/sf/L If]qnfO{ klg ;'lDkg] lg0f{o >L % sf] ;/sf/n] xfn} ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] 5 . of] lg0f{o sfof{Gjog ubf{ cfOnfUg ;Sg] s]xL ;}4flGts s'/f / hfOnfUg] Jojxfl/s sl7gfO{x¿nfO{ ;dodf g} 7Dofpg' kb{5 . dflg;sf] e"nn] l;h{gf leqsf] s'g} /rgf gi6 x'gk'Uof] eg] To;sf] k'gM:yfkg k|foM c;Dej x'G5 . To;}n] o:tf ljifodf s;}n] h'jf gv]Ng' g} j]z x'G5 .

g]kfnn] cfˆgf] !^=@% k|ltzt e"efu -@#,(!( ju{ lsdL_ k|s[lt ;+/If0fsf nflu eg]/ /fli6«o lgs'~h, ;+/If0f If]q / cf/If0fsf] ¿kdf Joj:yfkg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . of] Joj:yfkgnfO{ ;3fp k'¥ofpg 5'6\ofOPsf] dWojtL{ If]qdf kg]{ #))) ju{ lsdL ;d]t hf]8\bf g]kfnsf] ;+/lIft e"–If]q clw/fHosf] If]qkmnsf] s/La !* k|ltzt x'G5 . o;} sf/0f k|s[lt ;+/If0fdf g]kfn ljZjs} Ps cu|kª\lQmsf] /fi6«sf] ¿kdf kl/lrt 5 . cGgk"0f{ ;+/If0f If]qdfkm{t\ k|s[lt ;+/If0fdf hg;xeflutfsf] cg's/0fLo pbfx/0f k|:t't u/]/ g]kfnn] ljZjnfO{ g} af6f] b]vfPsf] 5 . cGgk"0f{df k|fKt ;kmntf dgf;n'df klg lj:tf/ ePsf] 5 . of] cg'ej s~rgh+3fdf klg nfu' x'g ;S5 . t/ /fli6«o lgs'~hdf eg] o;n] a]Un} cy{ /fVb5 .

xfd|f /fli6«o lgs'~hx¿ ljZj ;+/If0f ;+3 -cfO{o";LPg_ sf] juL{s/0fdf bf];|f] j0ff{qmd -Sof6uf]/L–@_ df kb{5g\ . of] ju{df kg]{ If]qx¿ /fli6«o Pj+ cGt/f{li6«o b[li6n] ljnIf0f k|fs[lts ;Dkbf 7xl/G5g\ . o:tf If]qdf j}1flgs cWoog–cg';Gwfg, z}lIfs lqmofsnfk Pj+ dgf]/~hgsf nflu ko{6sLo ultljlw afx]s cGo sfo{ lgif]lwt x'G5 . oxfF h}ljs ;|f]tsf] vkt / vtL x'g] sfo{ ug{ kfOFb}g .

cfo cfh{gsf] nIo lnP/ k|s[lt ;+/If0fsf] p2]Zodf pleg] s'g} klg u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfaf6 /fli6«o lgs'~hsf] sf}dfo{ /Iff x'g ;Qm}g . pbfx/0fsf nfluÙ tLg j6f w/x/f 8'Ag] ulx/fO{ -!^& dL=_ lnP/ a;]sf] /f/f bxsf] hnfzo s]jn tLg k|hfltsf b'n{e df5fsf nflu dfq ;+/If0f ug{ s'g jf s:tf] u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf tof/ xf]nf < /f/f bx afx]s ljZjsf s'g} klg hnfzodf gkfOg] oL /}yfg] g]kfnL df5fsf k|hflt (Schizothorax nepalensis, S. rarensis tyf S. macrophthalmus) sf] ;+/If0f g} ;a}eGbf klxnf ;f]lrg'kg]{ ljifo xf] . lsgeg] oL df5f Psk6s nf]k eP eg] km]l/ s;}n] klg ltgsf] ;[li6 ug{ ;Qm}g . df5f] d5{ eGg] lrGtfn] x}g To:tf] df5f] km]l/ hGdFb}g / ;[li6 /f]lsG5 eGg] kL8faf6 k|s[lt ;+/If0fsf] cjwf/0ff k|]l/t x'G5 .

z]–kmf]S;'Dbf] /fli6«o lgs'~hnfO{ ljZj ;Dkbf ;"rLdf /fVg] kxn >L % sf] ;/sf/af6} ePsf] lyof] . o; lgs'~hdf cjl:yt kmf]S;'Dbf] tfnsf] cnf}lss ;f}Gbo{ tyf To; If]qdf ;'/lIft k|fua'4 wd{ æjf]Dkf]Æ sf] hLljt cjz]ifsf] w]/} ljåfg\x¿n] j0f{g u/]sf 5g\ . To;sf cltl/Qm ljZjdf cGt sxLF gkfOg] g]kfnL /}yfg] jg:kltsf ;fydf of;f{uf]Da' / n3'kq h:tf cd"No hl8a'6L tyf cflDr ljBfdf lglxt cf}ifwf]krf/ k4lt o; /fli6«o lgs'~hsf ljz]iftf x'g\ . jGohGt' Pj+ r/fr'?ËLsf b[li6n] c‰} 7"nf] dxŒj /fVg] o; If]qdf lxdlrt'jfn] cu|kª\lQmsf] cfsif{0f yk]sf] 5 . o; /fli6«o lgs'~hsf] Joj:yfkgdf nfUg] nufgLaf6 5f]6f] ;doleq cfly{s kmfObfsf] k|ltkmn ck]Iff ug{ ;lsFb}g . /fi6«n] g} nufgL gug]{ xf] eg] z]–kmf]S;'Dbf]sf] eljio olsg ug{ ufx|f] x'G5 .

vKt8 /fli6«o lgs'~hsf] s'/f pKsfpFbf :jfefljs ¿kd} :juL{o vKt8 afafsf] ;D‰gf x'G5 . :jfdLn] lxdjt v08sf w]/} efu 3'd]kl5 cfˆgf] cfWoflTds lrGtgsf nflu pko'Qm 7fg]/ /f]h]sf] of] b]je"ld hl8a'6Lsf] /fd|f] e08f/ klg xf] . æufO{vfg] hfltn] oxfF g6]s'g\Æ eGg] :jfdLsf] cfu|x g]kfnL hg;dIf dfq geO{ /fhf jL/]Gb|;Dd klg k'u]sf] lyof] . of] k[i7e"lddf o; lgs'~hsf] ko{6g ljsf; sfo{qmd lxGb' bz{gsf] cfwf/df lgdf{0f ug'{kg]{ g}lts afWotf klg 5 .

lzjk'/L tyf dsfn'–j?0f /fli6«o lgs'~hsf klg cf–cfˆg} ljz]iftfx¿ 5g\ . lzjk'/Lsf] ;+/If0f /fhwfgLsf] kfgL–;|f]tsf] b[li6sf]0faf6 dfq x}g, ToxfF k|fKt ePsf] 8fOgf];/sf] ;dsfnLg ufOg] sL/f -8«ofugˆnfO{_ sf] cl:tTj /Iffsf] lglDt klg x'g'kg]{ x'G5 . XofldN6g / jflnrn] !( cf}F ztfAbLsf] k"jf{4{df :yfkgf u/]sf] lzjk'/Lsf] jfg:klts dxŒjnfO{ klg la;{g ldNb}g . o; cy{df k|To]s /fli6«o lgs'~hdf ;D‰f}tfl/xt 9Ëaf6 ;+/If0f ug'{kg]{ h}ljs, k|fs[lts jf ;f+:s[lts lglwx¿af/] ljz]if zt{x¿ ;dodf g} klxrfg x'g'kb{5 .

dsfn'–j?0f afx]s g]kfnsf /fli6«o s'~hx¿sf] ;'/Iff 7"nf] ;/sf/L vr{df zfxL ;]gfaf6 x'g] u/]sf] 5 . u}/;/sf/L If]qsf] Joj:yfkgdf ;]gfsf] e"ldsf s] s:tf] x'g] xf]Ù ;f] af/] s]xL atfOPsf] 5}g . To:t} /fli6«o lgs'~hx¿ -vKt8, /f/f, z]–kmf]S;'Dbf], lzjk'/L / dsfn'–j?0f_ u}/ ;/sf/L If]qsf] xftdf uPkl5 ltgsf] x}l;ot …/fli6«o lgs'~hÚs} /xg] xf] jf x}g eGg] lgSof}{n klg ePsf] 5}g . t/ klg ;/sf/L vr{ 36fpgsf nflu /fi6«sf oL cd"No lglwx¿ ;fpg] ;ª\qmflGtdf n'tf] kmflnP ‰}F cjZo kmflng] 5}gg\ eGg] ck]Iff rflxF ;a}n] u/]sf 5g\ . ah]6 jQmJosf] krf;f}F bkmfdf :ki6;Fu elgPsf] 5 æjftfj/0f / h}ljs ljljwtf ;+/If0fdf s'g} sdL gNofpg] zt{df === lbOg] 5 . o;af6 /f]huf/L / cfo–cfh{gsf ;Defjgfx¿ l;h{gf x'g]5g\ / ;/sf/sf] /fh:jdf klg ;sf/fTds k|efj kg]{5 .Æ t/ /fli6«o lgs'~hx¿sf] k|fs[lts ;Dkbf bf]xg gu/L /f]huf/L, cfo cfh{g / /fh:j k|fKt ug{ s;/L ;Dej x'G5 < s] oL nIo -;+/If0f / cfo cfh{g_ cfkm}Fdf lj/f]wfef;k"0f{ 5}gg\ / <

ah]6 jQmJon] clVtof/ u/]sf] gLlt cg';f/ b'O{ j6f jGohGt' cf/If -k;f{ tyf sf]zL 6Kk'_, Pp6f lzsf/ cf/If -9f]/kf6g_ tyf Pp6f ;+/If0f If]q -s~rgh+3f_ klg ;/sf/L Joj:yfkgaf6 aflxl/g ;Sg] b]lvG5 . cGgk"0f{ / dgf;n' ;+/If0f If]q >L % k|s[lt ;+/If0f sf]ifaf6 ;~rflnt 5g\ . ;/sf/n] of] jif{sf] ah]6df 3f]lift gLlt nfu' u/]sf] v08df sfnfGt/df p;sf] :jfldTjdf rf/ j6f /fli6«o lgs'~h -lrtjg, alb{of, nfª6fª / ;u/dfyf_ tyf Pp6f cf/If z'SnfkmfF6f dfq afFsL /xg] 5g\ . To;kl5 ;/sf/L ;+/lIft If]qsf] If]qkmn 36]/ %)*# ju{ lsdL -#=$# k|ltzt_ df ‰g]{5 . ;/sf/L / u}/ ;/sf/L If]qåf/f ;+/lIft e"–efusf] cg'kft @! / &( x'g]5 .

of] gofF km8\sf] slt ;'lglZrt cyjf hf]lvdk"0f{ xf]nfÙ To;sf] 5]p6'Kkf] w]/}nfO{ yfxf gx'g ;S5 lsgeg] ;/sf/sf] of] sbdaf/] ;fj{hlgs rrf{, uf]i7L, 5nkmn jf ljrf/ ljdz{ ePsf] 5}g . >L % sf] ;/sf/n] cf7 jif{ nufP/ tof/ kf/]sf] g]kfn h}ljs ljljwtf /0fgLlt @))@ / To;sf] sfo{of]hgf ;DaGwL @# h]7 @)^) sf] 5nkmndf ;d]t o; sbdaf/] s'/f gp7]sf] cj:yfdf k|s[lt ;+/If0fdf nfu]sf ;+3 ;+:yfx¿ /ge'Nndf kg{' c:jfefljs x'Fb}g .

lgs6 eljiodf g} ;+/lIft If]qx¿ k|f0fL / jg:kltsf gofF cg'j+zLo ljZj >f]tsf ¿kdf kl/0ft x'g] k|foM lglZrt 5 . vfB, s[lif, cf}iflw Pj+ cGo cf}Bf]lus k|of]hgsf nflu 7"N7"nf ax'/fli6«o sDkgLx¿ nufot c¿ j}1flgs cg';Gwftfx¿ dfgjf]kof]uL tTjsf] vf]hL jfof]k|:k]S6Lªdf nfu]sf 5g\ . o:tf] cj:yfdf h}ljs ;Dkbf Pj+ k/Dk/fut af}l4s ;DklQsf] clwsf/ / nfesf] afF8kmfF8af/] :ki6 x'g'kg]{ x'G5 . h}ljs ;Dkbfdf kx'Fr ug]{ xs s;nfO{ lbg], nfesf] afF8kmfF8sf zt{x¿ s;n] tf]Sg], :yfgLo hg ;d'bfosf] xslxtsf] /Iff s;n] ug]{, s;/L ug]{ eGg] ;jfn uf}0f a:g ;Sb}g .

;+/lIft If]qleq km:6fPsf hl8a'6L / x's]{sf jGohGt' cfly{s b[li6n] lgs} nf]enfUbf] …lhg;Ú aGb} cfPsf] 5 . cj}w hl8a'6L ;Íng / lzsf/af6 xfd|f lgs'~hx¿ c5'tf] 5}gg\ . lghL If]qdf jGohGt' kfng u/L To;af6 cfo cfh{g ug{ ;lsg] P]g lgodx¿ tof/ eO/x]sf] cj:yfdf ;+/lIft If]q leq kfng ug{ lbg] jf glbg] eGg] hl6n ;d:of o;} plAhg ;Sb5 . o:t} k|sf/n] a9L ;ª\Vofdf j[l4 ePsf jGohGt' 56\gL–lzsf/ slnË ug]{ u/fpg] cfsif{0f klg hd]s} x'G5 . gofF cfDbfgLsf ¿kdf 6«kmL xlG6ª klg 68\sf/f] eOa;]sf] x'G5 . nf]e / df]xn] hsl8Psf] hËnL ;+;f/df ;+/If0f ;DaGwL dxfsljsf] cfu|x ljGtLn] x}g Joj:yfkgdfkm{t\ dfq ;fsf/ kfg{ ;lsG5 .