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b]zsf b'Mv si6sf lbg zfob c‰} afFsL 5g\ . ;/sf/–dfcf]jfbL jftf{ eË eOxfNg'kg]{ a:t'ut cfwf/ b]lvPsf 5}gg\ t/ klg …jftf{Ú sf] eljiodfly sfnf]afbn d8fl/g nfu]sf] cg'ej b]zJofkL ¿kdf ug{ yflnPsf] 5 . …jftf{Ú gfh's df]8df k'u]sf] s'/fnfO{ ;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbL kIfsf lhDd]jf/ JolQmx¿ klg c:jLsf/ ug{ ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ . gjul7t ;/sf/ / ljb|f]xLaLr cfk;L ljZjf; :yflkt x'g gkfpFb} ;Djfbsf ;"qx¿ IfL0f ePsf] dx;"; ul/Psf] 5 .

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o;cl3 Pp6f kvf{nleq / aflx/ -l;+xb/af/ / cgfdgu/_ /x]/ cfk;L ;Djfb ul//x]sf ;/sf/ / dfcf]jfbL kIfaLrsf] b"/L PsfPs nlDaPsf] 5 . c;f/sf] clGtd ;ftf ;/sf/L jftf{ 6f]nLsf ;b:o Pj+ dGqL sdn yfkfn] dfcf]jfbL jftf{ 6f]nLsf ;+of]hs 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{nfO{ ;Daf]wg u/L, ;Dks{ sfof{no -cgfdgu/_ sf] 7]ufgfdf k7fPsf] kqsf] hjfkm gofF lbNnLaf6 cfpg'kg]{ ePsf] 5 . s]xL lbgb]lv dfcf]jfbLsf zLif{ g]tfx¿ lbNnLdf Pslqt ePsf 5g\ / ;/sf/sf] kq af]s]/ /fdaxfb'/ yfkf -afbn_ g]kfnu~h x'Fb} lbNnLtkm{ nfUg'ePsf] 5 . ;/sf/;Fu t];|f] a}7s x'g] gx'g] s'/fsf] hfgsf/L dfcf]jfbL kIfn] gofF lbNnLaf6} lbg] b]lvG5 . dfcf]jfbL g]tfx¿n] gofF lbNnLdf e]nf eP/ o;cl3 v'nf /fhgLlts 5nkmn / lqmofsnfk u/]sf lyPgg\ .

otf /fhwfgLdf dfcf]jfbL g]tfx¿sf] rxnkxn ;]nfpFb} uPsf] 5 . 8f= e§/fO{, b]j u'?ª, s[i0faxfb'/ dx/f, …afbnÚ cflb dfq geO{ cGo g]tf / sfo{stf{x¿ klg b[Zok6naf6 ghflgFbf] lsl;dn] lanfpg yfn]sf 5g\ . oxL a]nf, /fhwfgL nufotsf zx/, ;b/d'sfd / /fhdfu{x¿df ;/sf/L kmf}hn] u:tL a9fP/ ;'/Iff–Joj:yf s8f t'NofPsf] 5 .

;Dks{ sfof{no wfg]/ a;]sf dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{ e/t 9'Ëfgfn] #! c;f/df lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/, t];|f] r/0fsf] jftf{ x'g] gx'g] s'/f ;/sf/n] 8f= e§/fO{nfO{ n]v]sf] lr¶Lsf] Joxf]/fdf lge{/ ug]{5 . To; kqaf6 dfcf]jfbL kIfn] cfˆgf rf/ j6f k|Zgsf] hjfkm vf]h]sf] 5, h'g p;n] k|wfgdGqL ;"o{axfb'/ yfkfsf] ;/sf/ aGg] lalQs} lnlvt ¿kdf k]z u/]sf] lyof] . Ps dfcf]jfbL ;"qn] o;cl3 atfP cg';f/ rf/ j6f k|Zgdf, jftf{af/] yfkf ;/sf/sf] wf/0ff, o;cl3sf] ;/sf/;Fu ;xdlt ePsf a'Fbfx¿ -;]gfnfO{ kfFr lsdLleq ;Lldt ug]{Ù dfcf]jfbL aGbL 5f]8\g] cflb_ sfof{Gjog ug]{ gug]{Ù kl/rflnt ;]gfsf af/]df ;/sf/L b[li6sf]0f / dfcf]jfbL jftf{ 6f]nLk|lt ;/sf/sf] wf/0ff dfluPsf] 5 .

^ dlxgf k'/fgf] o'4lj/fd / tLg dlxgfcl3 z'? ePsf] ;/sf/–dfcf]jfbL jftf{ ;Í6df kl/xfNg'kg]{ lsl;dsf 36gf d'n'sleq 36]sf 5}gg\ . bf];|f] r/0fsf] jftf{kl5 ePsf] pNn]Vo kl/jt{g eg]sf] k|wfgdGqLsf] s';L{df a:g] JolQmsf] cg'xf/ km]l/Psf] xf] . zf;gsf] jf:tljs afu8f]/ lxhf] h:t} cfh klg /fhfsf] xftdf ePsf] tYok|lt :jb]zL–ljb]zL sf]xL e|ddf 5}gg\ . t/ klg jftf{sf] dfxf]n lsg / s;/L ljyf]lng vf]Hb}5 < of] k|Zgsf] e/kbf]{ hjfkm lbg clxn] sf]xL klg ;Ifd b]lvFb}gg\ . s]xL /fhgLlts ljZn]ifsx¿n] b'j} kIf jftf{af6 ljd'v x'g] kl/l:ylt lgdf{0f x'g'df b'j}sf] :jfy{n] sfd u/]sf] x'g;Sg] cfzÍf u/]sf 5g\ . cyf{t\ jftf{nfO{ lgisif{df k'¥ofpg] u/L cufl8 a9fpg dfcf]jfbL / b/af/ b'j}n] clxn]sf] b]zsf] kl/l:ylt cfkm" cg's"n gb]v]sf x'g;S5g\ .

jftf{ k|lqmofsf] ult ;':t kfg{df dfcf]jfbL eGbf ;Qf kIf a9L lhDd]jf/ b]lvFb} cfPsf] 5 . ;Qf kIfsf] of] l9nf;':tLnfO{ sltkon] dfcf]jfbLsf] zlQm x|f; u/fpg] / unfpg] /fhfsf] …/0fgLltÚ sf ¿kdf klg JofVof u/]sf 5g\ . of] JofVof / kl/l:ylt;Fu kl/lrt /x]sf dfcf]jfbL g]tfx¿n] b/af/nfO{ …3'Sof{pgÚ / bafa lbgsf nflu klg …sf7df8f}F vfnL ug]{Ú ljsNk /f]h]sf x'g;S5g\ . dfcf]jfbLx¿s} egfOdf rflxF sf7df8f}Fdf sfd gePsf]n] ltgsf g]tfx¿ aflxl/Psf x'g\ .

jftf{sf] eljio ;Í6df kg'{sf] csf]{ ;DefJo sf/0f, afXo kl/l:yltdf cfPsf] km]/abnnfO{ klg dfGg yflnPsf] 5 . ;/sf/–dfcf]jfbL jftf{ z'? ePkl5sf] cjlwdf ef/t / rLg aLrsf] /fhgLlts ;DaGwdf pNn]Vo leGgtf cfPsf] 5 .

k|wfgdGqL c6nljxf/L jfhk]oLsf] …;kmnÚ e|d0fkl5 ef/t–rLg ;DaGw gofF r/0fdf k|j]z u/]sf] 5 . gy'nf gfsfaf6 k'gM Jofkf/ z'? ug]{ ;xdlt u/]/ rLgn] l;lSsdnfO{ klxnf] k6s ef/tLo e"efu :jLsf/ u/]sf] 5 eg] ef/tLo k|wfgdGqLn] ltAat rLgsf] cË ePsf] s'/fnfO{ cf}krfl/s ¿kd} dfGotf lbPsf 5g\ . cd]l/sL /fhb"t dfOsn dflng]:sLn] z/0ffyL{ juL{s/0f;DaGwL g]kfn–e'6fg ;xdltk|lt tLa| c;xdlt k|s6 ug]{ …lr¶LÚ kqklqsf dfkm{t\ ;fj{hlgs ubf{ sf7df8f}F / lyDk'eGbf a9L gofF lbNnL ‰l:sPsf] cg'ej Psyl/ ljZn]ifsx¿n] u/]sf 5g\ .

g]kfndf cd]l/sfsf lqmofsnfk / vf;u/L cd]l/sL ;'/Iff lgsfosf kbflwsf/Lx¿sf] cfjthfjtk|lt ef/tLo s"6gLlt1x¿n] g]kfnLx¿;Fu v'n]/} rf;f] b]vfpg] u/]sf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjn] klg jftf{ cufl8 a9\g glbg nfluk/]sf] tyf g]kfndf cfˆg} x}sd a9fpFb} nu]sf] egL cd]l/sfsf] dfq} cfnf]rgf ug]{ u/]sf] 5 . g]kfndf ef/tLo pkl:ylt / p;sf lqmofsnfkaf/] dfcf]jfbLx¿n] ;fdfGotM l6Kk0fL ug{ 5f]8]sf 5g\ . g]kfn–ef/t ;DaGwsf] k|;Ëdf ;a}eGbf ljrf/0fLo kIf rflxFÙ dfcf]jfbL cfGbf]ng z'? ePotf pTkGg låkIfLo ;d:ofx¿ -vf;u/L g]kfnsf] rf;f]sf ;jfn_ hxfFsf] ToxLF 5g\, cfly{s, Jofkfl/s, ;'/Iff, /fhgLlts cflb s'g} klg If]q;Fu ;DalGwt ljjfb / ;d:ofsf] 6'Ëf] nfu]sf] 5}g . dfcf]jfbL lx+;f / cfGtl/s /fhgLlts snxsf sf/0f g]kfnsf] ;/sf/ jf /fHozlQm clt g} sdhf]/ eO;Sbf klg ef/t;Fusf] ;DaGw eg] oyfjt\ -lr;f]_ g} /xg ;s]sf] 5 .

o'4lj/fdsf] lg/Gt/tf / jftf{sf] ;kmntf ;'lglZrt ug]{ d'Vo cfwf/ cfrf/;+lxtfsf] kfngf xf] . t/, lj8Dagf g} dfGg'k5{, ;/sf/–dfcf]jfbL o'4lj/fdsf] k|;Ëdf ;a}eGbf a9L a]jf:tf ul/Psf] kIf cfrf/;+lxtf g} x'g k'u]sf] 5 . oyfy{df cfrf/;+lxtfsf] kfngf ug]{ geO{ pNnª\3g ug]{ s'/fdf b'O{ kIfaLr k|lt:kwf{ x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . cfrf/;+lxtfk|lt b'j} kIfsf] rf;f] gePsf] s'/f To;sf] cg'udg ug{ s;}nfO{ gtf]lsPsf] jf 6f]nL u7g gul/Psf]af6 klg v'n:t x'G5 .

8/nfUbf] ;z:qLs/0f
jftf{ ;Í6df k/]sf] / cfrf/;+lxtf kfngf gul/Psf] eGbf klg uDeL/ / lrGtfsf] ljifo, xftxltof/ / uf]nfaf?bsf] sxfnLnfUbf] lj:tf/ xf] . xltof/sf] ;jfndf dfcf]jfbL / zfxL ;]gfn] Pscsf{dfly cf/f]k nufpg] qmd o'4lj/fdsf] ;'?cft;Fu} ePsf] xf] . b'j}sf cf/f]k ;To x'Fbfx'Fb} klg To;nfO{ lgoGq0f ug]{ 7f]; k|of; eg] st}af6 ePg . o'4lj/fdsf] cjlwdf ;/sf/L ;'/Iffann] yk s]–slt o'4 ;fdu|L hDdf u¥of] / p;af6 cfrf/;+lxtf sxfF s;/L pNnª\3g eof] eGg] lj:t[t km]xl/:t dfcf]jfbL kIfn] agfPsf] 5}g . p;n] ;]gfsf lzlj/, u:tL, vfgtnf;L cflbnfO{ cfrf/;+lxtf pNnª\3g / …o'4sf] tof/LÚ u/]sf] b[i6fGtsf ¿kdf k]z ug]{ u/]sf] 5 .

t/, ptf zfxL ;]gfn] eg] @( kmfu'g @)%( df cfrf/;+lxtf nfu' ePkl5 dfcf]jfbL kIfaf6 ePsf xTof, s'6kL6, rGbf c;"nL, ckx/0f, xltof/ ;Íng, ;}Go tflnd, nufotsf lqmofsnfkx¿sf] lj:t[t km]xl/:t g} tof/ kf/]sf] 5 . zfxL ;]gfsf] 8LPdcfO{ -u'Ktr/ ljefu_ åf/f ;Ílnt pQm ljj/0f cg';f/, o'4lj/fdkl5sf rf/dlxgf -r}t–c;f/_ df dfcf]jfbL kIfaf6 cfrf/;+lxtf pNnª\3g x'g] !%#^ j6f …x/stÚ x¿ ePsf 5g\ . cgf}krfl/s If]q ;]jf s]Gb| -OG;]s_ n] /fv]sf] /]s8{ cg';f/ o'4lj/fdkl5sf] cjlwdf dfcf]jfbLn] #*@ hgfnfO{ ckx/0f u/]sf] 5 .

;dfltPsf xftxltof/
!( c;f/df g]kfn Nofpg nfluPsf] elgPsf] !*) lsnf] la:kmf]6s kbfy{ / (# xhf/ !(@ yfg uf]nL aËnfb]z k|x/Ln] ;dft]kl5 aËnfb]z–ef/tsf] af6f] x'Fb} dfcf]jfbLn] xft–xltof/ g]kfn leœofO/x]sf] /x:o ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5 . ef/tsf] lqk'/fIf]qdf k|efj /x]sf] Pp6f k[ystfjfbL ;d"xdfkm{t\ dfcf]jfbLn] ;f] xltof/ g]kfn leœofpg nfu]sf] ljZn]if0f ;f] lj:kmf]6s kbfy{ / uf]nLaf/] cWoog ug{ aËnfb]z uPsf] g]kfnL ;'/Ifflj1x¿sf] 6f]nLn] u/]sf] 5 . ;f] lj:kmf]6s ;fdu|L aËnfb]z–ef/t ;Ldf kf/ u/fpg aËnfb]zsf] ;/sf/ ;dy{s / d'Vo lj/f]wL bnsf sfo{stf{nfO{ k|of]u u/]sf] cfzÍf ToxfFsf] k|x/Lsf] 5 .
otf klZrd g]kfnsf] s}nfnL lhNnf glhssf] ef/tLo ahf/ lts'lgofaf6 c;f/sf] t];|f] ;ftf ef/tLo k|x/Ln] 7"nf] dfqfdf lj:kmf]6s ;fdu|L j/fdb u/]sf] bfjL u/] klg o;sf] :jtGq k'li6 x'g;s]sf] 5}g . ef/tLo kqklqsf dfkm{t\ ;fj{hlgs ePsf] Tof] ;"rgf ef/tLo u'Ktr/ ;+:yfx¿sf] cfˆg} pkof]usf nflu dfq klg aflx/ cfPsf] x'g;S5 . To:t} ;f]xL ;"rgf cg';f/ /]Nj] uf]bfdaf6 a/fdb ul/Psf] lj:kmf]6s kbfy{ agfpg k|of]u ul/g] s/La kfFr lSjG6n s]ldsn klg dfcf]jfbLn] g]kfn leœofpg nfu]sf] cfzÍf ef/t / g]kfnsf k|x/Lsf] 5 .

s}nfnL lhNnfsf] ef/t, pQ/ k|b]zsf] lv/L lhNnf;Fu dfq !)^ lsnf]ld6/ nfdf] v'nf l;dfgf 5 . k"/} ;LdfnfO{ Pp6} df]xgf gbLn] 5'6\ofPsf] 5 . t/ olt nfdf] ;Ldf If]qdf clxn] g]kfnsf] Pp6f klg ;'/Iff / eG;f/ OsfO 5}gg\ . uPsf] jif{sf] dfcf]jfbL cfqmd0fkl5 To; If]qaf6 ;'/Iff / eG;f/ lgsfox¿ x6fOPsf lyP . clxn] ;b/d'sfd wgu9Lafx]s ;Ldfaf6 s/La ^ lsnf]ld6/ leqkl§ ehgL / !^ lsnf]ld6/ 6f9f 6Lsfk'/df ;'/Iff OsfO 5 eg] x;'lnofdf ev{/ dfq} ;+o'Qm ;'/Iff …j]; SofDkÚ /flvPsf] 5 .

sdhf]/ ;'/Iff ;+oGqsf] kmfObf p7fP/ Jofks xftxltof/sf] t:s/L eO/x]sf] cfzÍf ef/tLo k|x/Ln] ;d]t u/]sf] 5 . u'Ktr/ ;+:yfx¿sf] xjfnf lbFb} ef/tLo klqsf ;xf/f ;do n] xfn} k|sflzt u/]sf] ;dfrf/ cg';f/, g]kfnsf] s}nfnL lhNnf ef/taf6 g]kfndf xltof/ t:s/L x'g] …6«flGh6 KjfOG6Ú ePsf] 5 . x'g klg alb{ofsf] klZrdL ;Ldf /fhfk'/af6 z'? ePsf] ;'/IffxLg l:ylt rf}u'bL{, vs/f}nf, s';'d3f6, k[YjLk'/, /fdk'/ h:tf ;LdfjtL{ 7fpFx¿ vfnL 5g\, hxfF t:s/x¿sf] cf]xf]/bf]xf]/ a9L dfqfdf x'g] u5{ . vf;u/L ef/tLo ufpF j]nfk;'{jfaf6 g]kfnsf] /tgk'/ -/fdk'/_ k"j{ / r/f{ k[YjLk'/ klZrdsf] If]q t:s/Ldf a9L k|of]u x'g] u/]sf] ef/t / g]kfnsf ;'/Iff lgsfosf] cfzÍf 5 . b'j} b]zdf hf]l8Psf] ;f] If]qsf] 3gf hËn kxf8;Dd km}lnPsf] 5 . t/ ;f]xL af6f] x'Fb} bfª eP/ dWoklZrdsf] kxf8df nfg nfluPsf] *@% s]hL …PS:Knf]l;eÚ cfkm"n] kqmfp u/]sf] bfaL ;]gfsf] 5 .

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Ps pRr ;}Go ;"qsf cg';f/ l;/fxfsf] sdnf gbLIf]q eP/ Ps a6flnognfO{ k'Ug] xltof/ dfcf]jfbLx¿n] o'4lj/fd ePnuQ} leœofPsf 5g\ . o;afx]s l;/fxf, af/f, bfª, alb{of, gjk/f;Lh:tf lhNnfx¿ eP/ Jofks dfqfdf xltof/ leœofOPsf 5g\ . ltgn] af/fsf] ;LdfjtL{ ef/tLo ahf/x¿ rGbgrf]s / 3f]8f;gdf xltof/ e08f/0f ug{] u/]sf 5g\ . o;} qmddf sfe|]sf] 9'+vs{ x'Fb} blIf0ftkm{sf] dxfef/t n]sdf dfcf]jfbLx¿n] kfFr 6«s o'4;fdu|L nu]sf] cfzÍf ;}lgs clwsf/Lx¿sf] 5 . s]xL lbgcl3 To; If]qdf ;dfrf/ ;Íng ug{ uPsf b'O{ kqsf/nfO{ dfcf]jfbLn] cufl8 a9\gaf6 /f]s]sf lyP .

Ps ;}Go k|ltj]bg cg';f/, dfcf]jfbLn] pbok'/sf] Ogfd] uflj;l:yt tfKnf8fF8f, bfr'{nfsf] l;K6], a}t8Lsf] sf]6k6]/f, bfªsf] af3df/], s~rgk'/sf] bhf{ uflj;sf hËn tyf vf]6fªsf] lrp/L8fF8fsf] bf]kf{ufpFdf ;}Go SofDk v8f u/]/ ;'/Iffkmf}hsf :jf:Yo lzlj/df cj/f]w k'¥ofpg] sfd u/]sf 5g\ .

To;}u/L bfªsf] sfnLdf6L uflj;l:yt sfNr], s}nfnLsf] a;f}6L, a]nb]ljk'/ tyf wgu9L gu/kflnsfsf] au8fufpF, hfltufpF, dgf]x/f, ;b\efjgf 6f]n, alb{ofsf] gofFufpF, wflbªsf] nfkf, af/fsf] b]jfk'/ 6]6f tyf afUn'ªsf] tf/fufpFdf Jofks dfqfdf xltof/ e08f/0f ul/Psf] 5 . To:t}, /f]Nkf÷Ko'7fgsf] h't'ªvf]nf, t]jfª ufpF / hnhnf If]q tyf a‰fªsf] nfdftf]nfdf 3/]n' k|s[ltsf xltof/ lgdf{0f eO/x]sf] bfjL ;f] ;}Go k|ltj]bgdf ul/Psf] 5 . wflbªsf] nfkf uflj;, nDh'ªsf] kfrf]s, Ondkf]v/L, uf}8f / km'nglu/Lsf] h+undf ;z:q tflnd tyf k|lzIf0f ;~rfng eO/x]sf] 5 . To;}u/L dfcf]jfbLx¿ klZrd g]kfnsf ef/t;Fu hf]l8Psf s}nfnL, alb{of, s~rgk'/ nufotsf lhNnfsf] eG;f/ gfsfx¿df k};f p7fpg sl:;P/ nfu]sf] bfjL ;]gfsf] ;f] k|ltj]bgn] u/]sf] 5 .

ptf o'4lj/fd nuQ} zfxL hËL c8\8fdf /x]sf] dgf]j}1flgs sf/jfxL zfvfåf/f …cEof; r]tgfÚ …cEof; dgsfdgfÚ / …cEof; ;b\efjgfÚ gfds dgf]j}1flgs sf/jfxL k|f/De u/]/ cfrf/;+lxtfsf] b'?kof]u u/]sf] cf/f]k dfcf]jfbLn] klg nufPsf] 5 . dfcf]jfbL klZrd s]Gb|Lo sdf08sf OGrfh{ lbjfs/n] t hfh/sf]6, s~rgk'/, 88]nw'/f, a}t8L, h'Dnf, a‰fªdf ePsf] cfrf/;+lxtfsf] pNn+3gn] cfkm"x¿sf] w}o{sf] afFw 6'l6;s]sf] pNn]v u/]sf 5g\ .

;]gfn] s}nfnL, c5fd, dsjfgk'/, cf]vn9'Ëf, /fd]5fk, hfh/sf]6, ef]hk'/ nufotsf lhNnfx¿df o;} cjlwdf 8]9 bh{g dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{, ;dy{s / ;fwf/0f hgtfsf] xTof u/]sf] cf/f]k dfcf]jfbLsf] 5 . ltgsf] bfaLdf cf]vn9'Ëfsf] kmnfF6]df ;]gf;Fusf] hDsfe]6df cGwfw'Gw kmfol/ª u/]/ g]qs'df/L /fO{ -;'gf_ sf] xTof ul/of] . ;]gfn] bf]/Dafdf x'g] hg;efsf] k|rf/df h'6]sf dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{x¿ yL/nfn df]Qmfg / lji0f'dfof yfkfnfO{ sAhf u/]/ /fd]5fksf] km'nf;L ahf/df df]Qmfgsf] xTof u/]sf] cf/f]k dfcf]jfbLn] nufPsf] 5 . $ h]7df hfh/sf]6sf] 8fF8fufpF–$ df cfˆgf ;dy{s cf7 ;j{;fwf/0fsf], !@ c;f/df ef]hk'/, s'n'ªsf dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{ clgn u'?ª -kjg_ sf] xTof u/]sf] cf/f]k dfcf]jfbLsf] 5 .

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