| ljb]zL
rf;f] slt xif{, slt la:dft <
b]zsf] /fhgLlt, cy{tGq / ljsf; k|lqmof hlt gfh's
x'G5, k};f / /fhgLlts cf8 lbg] ljb]zL zlQmx¿sf] af]nafnf
plt a9\b5 . g]kfndf clxn] o:t} eO/x]5 . t/ klg, ljb]zLsf]
rf;f]nfO{ s;}n] …x:tIf]k / HofbtLÚ 7fGbf c¿
s;}sf nflu ToxL Jojxf/ …:jfutof]Uo ;xeflutfÚ ePsf]
b]lvG5 . h;/L x]/] klg cfˆgf] b]z hf]ufpg] / agfpg] Ifdtf cfkm}df
a[l4 gubf{;Dd ljb]zL rf;f]–x:tIf]ksf] l;nl;nf rlng} /xg] lglZrt
5 .
sgsdl0f
bLlIft
s]xL dlxgf otf g]kfnsf] /fhgLltdf ljb]zL
/fhb"tfjf; / s"6gLlt1x¿sf] lqmofzLntf lgs} a9]sf]
5 / ;/sf/L kbflwsf/L, s]xL kf6L{sf g]tf tyf /fhgLlts ko{j]Ifsx¿n]
pgLx¿sf jStJo / lqmofsnfknfO{ lnP/ b]zsf] cfGtl/s dfldnfdf
x:tIf]k ePsf] cf/f]k nufpFb} cfPsf 5g\ . o:tf] cf/f]k ut ebf}df
o'4lj/fd eË ePsf] nuQ} ef/tLo, cd]l/sL / a]nfotL /fhb"tx¿n]
/fhgLlts bnx¿nfO{ …k|ltudgÚ lj/f]wL cfGbf]ng
dTy/ kfg{ cfu|x u/]kl5 a9L dfqfdf nfUg yfn]sf] xf] .
To;kl5 klg a]nfavt ljb]zL b"tfjf;
jf bft[;+:yfsf ultljlwnfO{ lnP/ To:t} cf/f]kx¿ nfu]sf 5g\–
slj k"0f{lj/fd l;+xb/af/ Aof/]sdf tfl/v v]Kg hfFbf k'tnL;8sdf
g]kfnL dfgjclwsf/–jfbLx¿sf] ;fydf a]nfot / s]xL c¿
o'/f]k]nL b"tfjf;sf k|ltlglwx¿ b]lvPsf sf/0fn] xf];\
jf g]kfnsf] cy{tGq, afXo Jofkf/ / ljsf; sfo{qmdaf/] ljb]zL lgsfox¿af6
ePsf tLvf 6Lsfl6Kk0fLsf sf/0f . zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf] pRr kª\lQmdf
ljleGg bft[;+:yfx¿, ljz]if u/L a]nfotL ;+:yf …l8lkm8Ú
dfcf]jfbLk|lt nlrnf] 5 eGg] u'gf;f] ug]{ ul/Psf] 5 .
…ljb]zL rf;f]Ú lj?4 dxŒjk"0f{
;Í]t :jo+ >L % 1fg]Gb|af6 klg lbg] sfd eof] ha c;f]hsf]
klxnf] ;ftfdf g]kfnsf nflu a]nfotsf k|wfgdGqL 6f]gL An]o/sf ljz]if
k|ltlglw ;/ h]k|mL h]D;nfO{ /fhb/af/df bz{ge]6 lbOPg . dfcf]jfbL
lj?4 sf/afxL ubf{ zfxL ;]gfsf] tkm{af6 dfgjclwsf/sf] xgg\ ePsf]
eGg] a]nfot ;/sf/sf] u'gf;f]nfO{ g?rfOPsf] ;Í]t lbg of] …l8Knf]d]l6s
:gaÚ ul/Psf] eGg] ko{j]Ifsx¿sf] a'‰fO 5 .
otf ;/sf/ cfˆgf] lqmofsnfksf ;DaGwdf ljb]zL, vf;u/L o'/f]k]nLx¿sf]
cfnf]rgf ;xg] kIfdf b]lvFb}g . ptf gful/s ;dfhsf sltko k|ltlglwx¿
dfcf]jfbL;Fu n8\g zfxL ;]gfnfO{ pknAw cd]l/sL ;xof]usf] k|;Ëdf
JoQm ePsf cd]l/sL b"tfjf;sf cleJolQmnfO{ gfhfoh x:tIf]k dfGb5g\ .
b]zsf] ;'/Iff / cy{tGqsf dfdnfdf ef/tsf]
rf;f] tyf lqmofzLntf c¿eGbf a9L eP klg p;dfly …x:tIf]kÚsf]
cf/f]k nufOxfNg w]/} ;/sf/L / u}/;/sf/L JolQmx¿ cu|;/ b]lvFb}gg\ .
gofFlbNnLsf] ;fpy Ans / n}grf}/sf] ef/tLo b"tfjf;af6 g]kfnL
/fhgLltn] s'g df]8 lng'kb{5 eGg] ;'‰fj;Dd cfpg] u/]sf 5g\
/ zfxL ;]gfnfO{ c¿eGbf a9L ;/;fdfg / tflnd ef/taf6} cfPsf]
5 . t/ gt ;/sf/L dGqLx¿af6, g u}/;/sf/L ljZn]ifs of
dfcf]jfbL g]tfx¿af6} ef/tk|lt 7"nf cfnf]rgfTds k|ltlqmofx¿
cfpF5g\ . o;af6 s] zÍf pTkGg x'G5 eg] ljb]zL x:tIf]ksf]
rrf{nfO{ uDeL/ lx;fan] glnO{ st} cf–cfˆgf] /fhgLlts cleJolQm
k|s6 ug]{ Pp6f dfWod jf axfgf dfq t agfOFb} 5}g < km]l/Ù
d"n /fhgLlts bnx¿af6 …x:tIf]kÚsf] af/]df
Tolt rsf]{ k|ltlqmof gcfPsf] cfwf/df pgLx¿n] o;nfO{ clxn];Dd
b]z / hgtfs} lxt cg's"n 7fg]sf] cg'dfg ug]{ 7fpF klg 5 .
/fli6«o dfldnfdf afXo zlQmsf]
rf;f] / o; ;DaGwL ljjfbsf] ;Gbe{df g]kfnsf] k//fi6« ;DaGw
stf uO/x]5, x]g]{ a]nf ePsf] 5 . b]z / ;dfhsf] lbzf lgwf{/0f
ug]{ cleef/f af]s]sf /fhgLlts bnx¿ b/af/ / ;/sf/ lj?4 cfGbf]ngdf
nfu]sf 5g\ / ablnFbf] j}b]lzs ;DaGwdf pgLx¿n] Tolt w]/} Wofg
lbPsf] b]lvFb}g . t/ cfh x/]s If]qdf …x:tIf]kÚ
geP klg ljb]zLx¿sf] …lqmofzLntfÚ eg] ;a} If]qdf
a9]sf] 5– u};;nfO{ k};f / 6]jf, ;/sf/nfO{ ah]6, ljsf;sf] l;Ëf]
cleef/fb]lv zfxL ;]gfsf] XjfQ} a9]sf] vr{sf] r]s a'sdf ;xL ug]{;Dd .
ut bzsdf cGt/f{li6«o tyf blIf0f
Pl;ofnL If]qLo e"/fhgLlts cj:yf k"/} ablnPsf] 5, t}klg
xfd|f clwsf+z c8fgx¿ k'/fg} ljZn]if0fdf cl8Psf 5g\, kf6L{ut
/ ;}4flGts ljrf/;Fu ufFl;P/ . rLgdf dfcf]T;]t'Ësf] ;D‰gf
klg d]l6O;Sof], ;f]leot ;+3 Oltxf;sf kfgfdf dfq afFsL 5, ;+o'Qm
/fHo cd]l/sf PSnf] dxfzlQm x'g k'u]sf] 5, / blIf0f Pl;ofdf ef/tsf]
cy{tGqsf] ljsf; tyf cd]l/sf;Fusf] ;DaGw ;'wf/n] p;sf] cGt/f{li6«o
k|efj a9]sf] 5 . gofF ljZj / blIf0f Pl;ofnL kl/l:yltdf g]kfnn]
s] s:tf] /0fgLlt ckgfpg] eGg] ljifodf w]/} rrf{ x'g] u/]sf] 5}g .
o;};Fu ;DalGwt k|Zgsf] hjfkm klg vf]lhPsf]
5}g, zLto'4 kZrft\sf] blIf0f Pl;ofdf g]kfndf ljb]zLsf] rf;f] s]sf
nflu / slt ulx/f] 5 < g]kfndf ;d'b|kf/sf ljb]zLx¿sf]
rf;f] /f0ffsfnsf] ;dflKt tyf bf];|f] ljZjo'4kl5 zLto'4sf] a]nf a9]sf]
xf] . ef/tsf] g]kfnk|ltsf] e"/fhgLlts lrGtf ljz]ifu/L
;g\ !(^@ sf] rLg–ef/t o'4kl5 a9]sf] lxdfno kj{t >[ª\vnfsf]
/0fgLlts ;+j]bgzLntf;Fu ufFl;Psf] lyof] / cfh;Dd klg o;sf] c;/ afFsL
g} 5, gofF lbNnLsf] g]kfnnfO{ x]g]{ b[li6sf]0fdf . o;/L ljb]zLx¿sf
;fdl/s / /0fgLlts :jfy{sf sf/0f g]kfndf k|lt:kwf{Tds lx;fan] ljb]zL
;xof]u lelqg yfNof] . cGt/f{li6«o /fhgLlts ;DaGwsf] s'/fdf
dfq ;Lldt geP/ g]kfnsf] ljsf; sfo{qmddf ;d]t ljb]zLx¿sf]
xft b]lvg yfNof] . ljb]zL ;xof]u eg]sf] g} cfˆgf] lqmofsnfkdf
s]xL g s]xL x:tIf]k ;xg' xf] .
k~rfotL Joj:yfsf] k"jf{4{;Dd,
vf;u/L bx|f] zf;sLo g]t[Tj tyf t'ngfTds ¿kdf ;Ifd sd{rf/LtGqsf
sf/0f, ljb]zL lqmofsnfksf ;DaGwdf g]kfnL k|zf;goGqsf] xft alnof]
lyof] . t/ /fhf jL/]Gb|sf] sfo{sfndf g]kfn ljb]zL ;xfotfdf
Psbd} lge{/ aGg k'Uof] / …k|f]h]S6tGqÚ n] ;/sf/nfO{
8f]¥ofpg yfNof] . cfˆgf] k|fyldstfnfO{ Wofg glbO{
cg'bfg / C0f lng] kl/kf6L a:g uof] . of] k|lqmof hgcfGbf]ngkl5
olt tLa| eof], kf6L{ tyf ;/sf/x¿sf] ;kmntfsf] dfkg g} s;n]
slt ljb]zL ;xfotf h'6fpg ;Sof] eGg] cfwf/df x'gyfNof] .
o:tf] cj:yfdf g]kfnsf] ;a} If]qdf
;fgf 7"nf bft[;+:yf, ljb]zL b"tfjf;, cGt/f{li6«o
ax'kIfLo ;+:yf tyf u};;x¿sf] e"ldsf a9\b} uof] .
hlthlt g]kfnsf] /fhgLlts g]t[Tj / ;/sf/L sd{rf/L k|f]h]S6d'vL eP
tyf lgu/fgL /fVg] bfloTj af]s]sf] gful/s ;dfhsf ;+:yfx¿ cfkm}F
ljb]zLsf] k};fdf cf–cfˆgf sfo{qmdx¿ rnfpglt/ nfu],
TolQs} g]kfnLx¿sf] ljsf; cfkm}Fn] xfFSg] Ifdtf x|f; eP/ uof] .
To;dfly dfcf]jfbLsf] k|sf]kn] /fHonfO{ cfly{s tyf /fhgLlts lx;fan]
ljb]zLsf] cufl8 ‰g\ lga{n agfof] eg] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ d'sflanf
ug{ ul/Psf] ;]gfsf] kl/rfngn] c‰} ljb]zLdf lge{/ agfPsf] 5 .
cfly{s ;xfotf dfq geO{ ca t /fhgLlts cf8 klg rflxg] eof] .
o;/L g]kfnsf] x/If]qdf ljb]zLsf] rf;f] / lqmofsnfk b'j} a9\g uPsf]
5 . o;}nfO{ s;}n] x:tIf]k eGg] u/]sf 5g\ eg] s;}n] rflxF :jfefljs .
s]nfO{ rfv, s]nfO{ rf;f] / s]nfO{
x:tIf]k eGg], 5'6\ofpg ufx|f] x'g;S5 . cfkm"n] lbPsf]
ljsf;] k};f /fd|/L vr{ gxf]nf eg]/ s'g} b]zsf] /fhb"t nflukg'{nfO{
x:tIf]k eGg gldNnf . cfkm"n] glhs 7fg]sf] d'n'sdf cGt/
;fd'bflos ;lxi0f'tf of zflGt vNalng yfn]sf] b]v]/ s;}n] s]xL af]Nof]
jf u¥of] eg], slt kl/kSj lx;fan] To:tf] sfo{ u5{ eGg]df g} Tof]
…rf;f]Ú xf] ls …x:tIf]kÚ eGg] lge{/ ub{5 .
g]kfndf ljb]zLsf] rf;f] b'O{–tLg
lsl;dsf 5g\ . ;+=/f=cd]l/sf, ef/t / rLgsf] rf;f] ;j{k|yd e"/fhgLlts
k|sf/sf] 5 . ef/t / rLg l5d]sL ePsfn] g]kfnsf] cj:yf pgLx¿sf]
cfˆgf] ;'/Iff :jfy{;Fu klg ufFl;Psf] 5 . clxn];Dd g]kfnsf]
cfGtl/s dfdnfaf6 k/} /x] klg tyf ef/t / cd]l/sfsf] a9\bf] lqmofsnfknfO{
zÍfsf] lx;fan] x]/]klg, rLgnfO{ g]kfndf a9\g] c/fhstfn] ltAatnfO{
5'g ;Sg] l:yltn] klg lk/f]n]sf] 5 . o'/f]k]nL b]zx¿sf]
rf;f] cln a9L lg:jfyL{ 5 eGg ldNb5 / o;df g]kfnnfO{ ko{6sLo lx;fan]
dgk/fpg] b]lv oxfFsf] u/LaL lgd"{n kfg{ rfxg]x¿;Dd ;a}
Wo]ox¿ 5g\ .
9'Ss b]lvG5 rLg
rLgn] g]kfnsf] kl5Nnf] l:yltnfO{ lnP/ rsf]{ l6Kk0fL u/]sf] 5}g .
a]OlhËn] g]kfnsf dfcf]jfbLx¿;Fu rLgsf] ;DaGw gePsf]
s'/f w]/}rf]l6 k|:6 kfl/;s]sf] 5 . lrlgofF lkkN; lna/]zg cfdL{sf
k|d'v :jo+ g]kfn cfPsf lyP Tof] …d];]hÚ k'¥ofpg .
g]kfnnfO{ ef/t / cd]l/sfsf] ;xof]u …x:tIf]kÚdf kl/0ft
gxf];\ eGg] rLgsf] rf;f] leq k5{ . xfn} cª\u|]hL ;fKtflxs
:k6nfO6 nfO{ lbPsf] cGtjf{tf{df lrlgofF /fhb"t ;'g x]lkªn]
eg]sf 5g\, æg]kfnn] v]lk/x]sf] ;d:of p;sf] cfGtl/s dfdnf xf]
/ xfd|f] ljrf/df, zflGt Nofpg g]kfnLx¿sf] cfˆgf] Ifdtf
/ ljj]s kof{Kt 5 . xfd|f] cfˆgf] cfly{s ;xof]u eg] lg/Gt/
cfpg] g} 5, ljgfzt{ .Æ
x:tIf]kaf/] lrlgofF /fhb"tn]
k|:6 ljrf/ /fv] klg clxn] …cftÍjfbÚaf/] rLgn]
klg ;+/f cd]l/sfsf] h:t} s7f]/ gLlt ckgfPsf] sf/0f klZrdL rLg cyf{t\
l;lGhofËdf k[ystfjfbL lqmofsnfk a9\g] 8/n] xf] . To;}n]
g]kfndf klg dfcf]jfbL lj?4 n8\g ;/sf/nfO{ lbOPsf] ;fdl/s ;xof]uk|lt
a]OlhËn] s8f l6Kk0fL gu/]sf] x'g;S5 . ptf ltAat If]q g]kfnsf]
l5d]sL ePsf] sf/0f lxdfnosf] blIf0fL wf/sf] åGå pQ/tkm{
gkm}lnof];\ eGg] klg a]OlhËsf] :jfefljs rf;f] 5 . ljut
bzsdf g]kfn–ltAat gfsfx¿df af6f]3f6f] / cfjthfjt a9]sf]n]
klxnfh:t} blIf0flt/sf] xfjfn] ltAat k7f/nfO{ g5f]nf eGg]df lrlgofF
zf;sx¿ ljZj:t 5}gg\ . :k6nfO6 sf] cGtjf{tf{df /fhb"t
;'gn] eg]h:t}, ærLg s'g} klg vfnsf] cftÍjfbsf] lvnfkmdf
5 / g]kfndf gful/s tyf ;+/rgf lj?4sf lx+;fTds lqmofsnfksf] xfdL
lgGbf u5f{}F . ;fy} zflGt / l:y/tf lj?4sf] s'g} klg lqmofsnfksf]
lvnfkmdf xfdL 5f}F . g]kfnsf] l:y/tf g]kfnL hgtf / /fHosf]
nflu dfq dxŒjk"0f{ 5}g, k"/} blIf0f Plzofsf] zflGt
/ :yfloTjsf] nflu klg dxŒjk"0f{ 5 .Æ
cd]l/sL k|efj
cfh cd]l/sL k|efjsf] s]Gb|ljGb' tLg jif{otf kfgLkf]v/L b"tfjf;df
sfo{/t /fhb"t dfOsn d]n]gf]:sL aGg k'u]sf 5g\ . g]kfnk|lt
…efjgfTds nufjÚ /fVg] d]n]gf]:sL :ki6 jQmf klg ePsfn]
slxn]sfxLF pgsf] cleJolQm s"6gLlts dof{bfeGbf aflx/ klg hfG5
eGg] cfnf]rgf ;'lgg] u/]sf] 5 . cfh eGbf Ps bzscl3 klg g]kfnd}
vl6Psf d]n]gf]:sL @)%) sf] af9Lklx/f]n] sf7df8f}F pkTosf jl/kl/
;Í6 cfOkbf{ p4f/ sfo{ h'6fpg nfluk/]sf lyP .
Tof] ;donfO{ cfˆgf] s"6gLlts
hLjgsf] …;'j0f{ cj;/Ú dfGg] d]n]gf]:sLn] g]kfn cfpg'cl3
ckmuflg:tfg, lkmlnlkG; / >LnÍf h:tf ;+j]bgzLn d'n'sx¿df
sfd ul/;s]sf /fhb"tsf] dfcf]jfbL lj?4sf] n8fOFdf zfxL ;]gfnfO{
lgw{Ss ;dy{g lbPsf]df sf7df8f}Fsf] u}/ ;/sf/L cd]l/sL ;d'bfos} Ps
lx:;fn] klg pgnfO{ a9L x:tIf]kjfbL 7fGb5 . hh{ 8An' a';sf]
!! ;]K6]Da/kl5sf] …cftÍjfb lj/f]wLÚ ljZj /0fgLltdf
g]kfnsf dfcf]jfbL;Fusf] o'4 klg :jtM ufleg uPsf] 5 / cd]l/sL /fhb"t
To; gLltsf Ps sfof{Gjogstf{ aGg k'u]sf 5g\ .
/fhb"t d]n]gf]:sL cGtu{t cd]l/sL
b"tfjf;n] g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s åGådf h'g wf/0ff agfPsf]
5 / h] h:tf] lqmofsnfkdf ;dy{g u/]sf] 5, To;n] ;/sf/nfO{ blIf0fkGyL
aGg k|]l/t u/]sf] eGb} sf7df8f}Fsf] gful/s ;dfh / s]xL b"tfjf;x¿n]
k|ltlqmof hgfO/x]sf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbL cTofrf/sf] k|rf/ ug{df
clt g} lqmofzLn /fhb"tsf] /fHosf] tkm{af6 ePsf HofbtL / bdgaf/]
:j:km"t{ k|ltlqmof cfpg] ub}{g, pgLx¿ eG5g\ . /fhgLlts
kf6L{x¿nfO{ a[xt\ lxtsf] nflu /fhflj/f]wL cfGbf]ng dTy/ ug{
;'‰fj lbg] /fhb"t d]n]gf]:sLsf] of] klg dfGotf 5 ls /fhf
tyf kf6L{aLrsf] ;xsfo{ a]u/ ;]gf dfqsf] kxndf dfcf]jfbL ;d:of xn
x'g ;Sb}g . -x]= cGtjf{tf{_ .
zfxL ;]gfsf] ;Gbe{df, dfgjclwsf/ ;DaGwL
cd]l/sL wf/0ffaf/] eg] cd]l/sL :6]6 l8kf6{d]G6sf] blIf0f Pl;of x]g]{
clwsf/L tyf /fhb"t d]n]gf]:sLsL …af];Ú lqml:6gf
/f]Ssfn] xfn} sf7df8f}F cfP/ k|:6 kfl/g\, æxfd|f] ljb]zL ;xof]u;Fu
ufFl;Psf] dfgjclwsf/sf zt{x¿lj?4 lqmofsnfk x'g uPdf ;}Go
;xfotf /f]Sg xfdL afWo x'G5f}F g} . o;af/] zÍf g/xf];\ .Æ
…g]kfn a'‰]sf]
a]nfotÚ
O/fs o'4df ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sfsf] ;xof]4f x'g k'u]sf a]nfotsf k|wfgdGqL
6f]gL An]o/n] g]kfnsf] dfcf]jfbL;Fusf] o'4df eg] jflz+u6g 8L;Lsf]
eGbf cln km/s gLlt lnPsf 5g\ . Psflt/ zfxL ;]gfnfO{ sd 3fts
-gg\–lnyn_ xltof/ lbO{ ;3fpg] a]nfotL ;/sf/sf] g]kfn;Fusf]
P]ltxfl;s ;DaGw, uf]vf{ etL{sf sf/0f b]zsf] kxf8L df]km;nk|lt a9L
;hutf / ;+;f/sf ljleGg e]s tyf pQ/ cfo/Nof08df u'l/Nnf o'4sf] cg'ejÙ
oL ;a sf/0fn] aa]nfotnfO{ g]kfnL kl/l:ylt;Fu a9L ;+j]bgzLn agfPsf]
5 . dfgjclwsf/sf] k|Zgdf ;/sf/k|lt a9L cfnf]rgfTds /xg] o'/f]ksf
cGo /fi6« tyf ;/sf/nfO{ lgw{Ss ;xof]u ug{ ?rfpg] cd]l/sfsf]
gLltsf] aLrdf a]nfotL c8fgnfO{ w]/}n] kl/kSj / …g]kfn a'‰]sf]Ú
7fGg] u/]sf 5g\ . km]l/ cGt/f{li6«o jr{:j hdfpg] w'gdf
lxF8]sf] ;+=/f=cd]l/sf tyf cfˆgf] ;'/Iffdf a9L s]lGb|t ef/teGbf
g]kfnk|ltsf] a]nfotL gLlt a9L …Go"6«nÚ klg
dfGg ;lsG5 .
la|l6z /fhb"tfjf;n] cfˆgf
s"6gLlts :6fkmdf ut b'O{ jif{otf dfgjclwsf/ x]g]{ ljz]if clwsf/Lsf]
b/aGbL yk]sf] 5 . zfxL ;]gf / ;/sf/ :jo+n] ckx]ngf ub}{ cfPsf]
/fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]unfO{ cf8 lbg] sfd la|l6z /fhb"t
lsy An'DkmLN8 cfkm}Fn] u/]sf 5g\ . g]kfnk|lt a9L ;+j]bgzLn
ePs} sf/0f 6f]gL An]o/n] ;/ h]k|mL h]D;nfO{ ljz]if k|ltlglw v6fPsf
x'g\, h;sf] k|d'v sfo{ g]kfnk|ltsf] gLltdf la|l6z bft[ ;+:yf l8lkm8,
ljb]z dGqfno -XjfO6 xn_ tyf la|l6z /Iff dGqfnoaLr ;dGjo ldnfpg'
/x]sf] 5 . ;fy}, cGo /fi6« / ;+=/f=;+3;Fu klg ;Dks{ ub}{
;/ h]k|mLn] a]nfotL …u'8 clkm;];\Ú k'¥ofO/x]sf]
b]lvG5 .
s]xL jif{otf 7"nf] /fzL lnP/
g]kfndf ljsf; ;xof]u ug]{ sfddf h'6]sf] a]nfotL bft[;+:yf l8lkm8n]
g]kfnsf] ;+:yfkgf kIfaf6 a9L cfnf]rgf vKg' k/]sf] 5, ljsf; / zflGt
axfnLsf nflu lqmofzLn ePsf] sf/0f . ptf g]kfnnfO{ /fd|};Fu
lrg]sf 7flgg] cjsfzk|fKt s]xL la|l6z u'vf{ clkm;/x¿ klg zfxL
;]gfsf] ;fdl/s /0fgLlt tyf ;/sf/sf] cfnf]rs x'g] u/]sf 5g\ .
log} sf/0fn] klg xf]nf …a]nfot hfgfhfg dfcf]jfbL kIfw/ 5Ú
eGg] xf:of:kb cleJolQm klg g]kfnsf] ;/sf/ / ;]gf kIfaf6 ;'lgG5 .
/fhb/af/ ;lrjfnon] rf/ dlxgfcl3 ;/ h]k|mLnfO{ >L % 1fg]Gb|;Fu
bz{g e]6sf] ;do glbg' klg o:t} ;Íf]rsf] sf/0f lyof] eGg]
cg'dfg 5 . Tof] s"6gLlts lx;fan] clt g} ?i6 ;Í]t
lyof], hals xfn;fn} km]l/ sf7df8f}F pq]sf ;/ h]k|mLn] /fhfsf] bz{g
e]6 kfP . …x:tIf]kÚsf] cf/f]kk|lt a]nfotL /fhb"t
lsy An"DkmLN8sf] egfO 5, cfhsf] cGt/f{li6«o kl/j]zdf
dfgjclwsf/ ljZjJofkL d"No / dfGotfsf] s'/f eO;s]sf] 5 .
ædfgjclwsf/sf] nflu s'/f ubf{ x:tIf]k eGg ldNb}g .Æ
o'/f]k]nL rf;f]
o'/f]lkog o'lgog cGtu{t g]kfndf lqmofzLn b"tfjf;x¿,
ljz]if u/L hd{gL / 8]gdfs{sf lgof]ux¿ ljsf;] sfo{qmdsf] lg/Gt/tf
tyf dfgjclwsf/sf] l:yltdf s]lGb|t b]lvG5g\ . o'/f]lkog o'lgog
-O{o"_ sf] ;b:o g/x]sf] t/ g]kfndf w]/} ljsf;] wg/fzL vr{ ug]{
gj]{sf] ljrf/ klg O{o";Fu ldNbf]h'Nbf] 5 . gj]{nL /fhb"t
OlGu|8 ckm:6f8sf] zAbdf, æxfd|f] d'Vo Wofg ljsf;df x'g] xfd|f]
vr{ g]kfnL hgtf;dIf k'¥ofpg' xf] . o:tf] sfddf nfUbf hgtfsf]
kL/dsf{ / dfgjclwsf/sf] cj:yfaf/] lrlGtt x'g' :jfefljs} xf] .
olb b]zdf åGåsf] sf/0fn] Tof] vr{ hgtf ;fd' k'¥ofpg]
cj:yf /x]g eg] xfd|f] ljsf; sfo{qmd /2 ug{ xfdL afWo x'g]5f}F .Æ
o'/f]k]nL /fi6«x¿sf] egfO 5– ljsf; sfo{qmd /2
ug]{ cj:yf clxn] cfPsf] 5}g, t/ cfpg ;S5 b'O{ sf/0fn]M !_ lx+;fsf]
sf/0f ljsf; sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ g;s]/ @_ ;/sf/L kIfaf6 dfgjclwsf/sf]
cGt/f{li6«o d"No dfGotfsf] sb/ gx'Fbf o'/f]k]nL /fHox¿sf]
ljb]zL ;xfotf gLltsf] d"ne"t l;4fGt ljk/Lt eP/ .
dfcf]jfbLtkm{ a9L nlrnf] ePsf] eGg]
cf/f]k w]/} cGt/f{li6«o u};; nufot o'/f]k]nL o'lgogsf ;b:o
/fi6«x¿dfly klg nfUg] ub{5 . sltkon] dfcf]jfbL
hgo'4sf] pTklQ cf7 jif{cl3 k|hftflGqs ;+;bLo Joj:yflj?4 aGb's p7fpFb}
ePsf] s'/f la;{g] u/]sf] klg kfOPsf] 5 . To:t} hlts} /fd|f
;fdflhs cfsf+Iffx¿ lnP klg ;fdflhs qmflGt geO{ ;z:q ljb|f]xsf]
af6f] lng] g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_sf] ;xL d"NofÍg gu/]sf]
cf/f]k klg nfU5 pgLx¿dfly . cfˆgf] b]zdf pu| jfdkGyLnfO{
g;xg] t/ g]kfndf rflxF dfcf]jfbtkm{ nlrnf]kg ckgfpg] …8an
:6]088{Ú b]vfPsf] l56f klg kg]{ u/]sf] 5 s]xL o'/f]k]nLx¿dfly .
olt eGbfeGb} klg csf]{ kIf klg 5M olb dfgjLotf / dfgjclwsf/sf l;4fGt
tyf dfGotfx¿ cGt/f{li6«o tj/df / g]kfndf ;dfg ¿kn]
nfu" x'g'kg]{ xf] eg] o'/f]k]nL b]zx¿sf] g]kfnL hgtfsf]
d"ne"t clwsf/;DaGwL rf;f] hfoh 5 / o;nfO{ gsf/fTds …x:tIf]kÚ
eGg ldNb}g .
ef/tsf] syg
g]kfnL /fhsfhdf P]ltxfl;ssfnb]lv g} rnv]n ug]{ …ljb]zL xftÚ
sf]xL 5 eg] Tof] ef/t g} xf] of p;sf] k"j{h la|l6z ;fd|fHo .
cfh cfP/ dfcf]jfbLu|:t g]kfndf ef/tsf] e"ldsf :jtM a9]/ uPsf]
5 . gofFlbNnLsf /fhb"t Zofd z/0f tyf c¿ s"6gLlt1n]
ef/tsf] x:tIf]ksf] s'/fnfO{ k"/} gsf/] klg g]kfnsf] af}l4s
hutdf ef/tsf] clwsf+z lgot tyf O/fbfk|lt zÍf g} kfOG5 .
ef/tn] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ cf>o / ;xof]u lbO/x]sf] 5 eGg]b]lv lnP/
-h;nfO{ …x:tIf]kÚ sf] k/fsfi7f g} eGg klg ldN5, olb
To;nfO{ ;To dfGg] xf] eg]_ g]kfnL /fhgLltdf ;lqmo eP/ uf]6L rfln/x]sf]
5 eGg] clwsf+z k9}of ju{sf] wf/0ff /x]sf] 5 .
g]kfndf zflGt / /fhgLlts :yfloTj ef/tsf]
cfˆgf] ;'/Iffsf] nflu dxŒjk"0f{ 5 / s'g} klg l5d]sL
d'n'snfO{ h:t} p;nfO{ klg cfˆgf] ;'/Iffsf] lrGtf x'G5 .
clxn]sf b'O{ d"ne"t d'2f – Psflt/ dfcf]jfbL ljb|f]x
/ csf]{lt/ /fhf–kf6L{ aLrsf] b'/L – sf] ;DaGwdf ef/tsf]
s] wf/0ff 5 t < xfn;Dd ;fj{hlgs ePsf ef/tLo c8fg / lqmofsnfkx¿df
dfcf]jfbLnfO{ …cftÍjfbLÚ ;+1f lbg]b]lv lnP/
s]xL ksl8Psf dfcf]jfbLnfO{ ef/ts} sfg"g ljk/Lt g]kfnnfO{ ;'k'b{uL
ug]{, zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfnfO{ ?=% ca{;Ddsf] xftxltof/, uf]nLu¶f,
6«s, x]lnsf]K6/, tflnd, OToflb ;xof]u lbg];Dd kb{5g\ .
ef/tsf] ;}lgs ;xof]u clxn];Dd c¿ / ljz]if u/L cd]l/sfn] k|bfg
u/]sf] ;xof]u eGbf lgs} a9L 5 . /fhgLlts txdf ef/tsf ljb]z
;lrjsf jQmJo tyf ;fpy Anssf] k|]; lj1lKtdfkm{t\ a]nfavt g]kfndf
ax'bnLo Joj:yf tyf ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqsf] ckl/xfo{tfsf] cf}krfl/s dg;fo
k|:t't ug]{ ul/Psf] 5 . t/ klg sf7df8f}Fdf zÍf x6]sf]
5}gÙ ef/tsf] o:tf] …;sf/fTds x:tIf]kÚ t b]vfpg]
bfFt dfq xf], / gofFlbNnL cfˆgf] :jfy{sf nflu /fhgLlts lx;fan]
cl:y/ g]kfn g} b]Vg rfxG5 eGg] egfOx¿ bf]xf]l/O/fv]s} 5g\ .
dfcf]jfbLx¿n] v'nf l;dfgfkfl/
ef/tdf cf>o lnFb}df ef/t ;/sf/n] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ ;xof]u u/]sf]
eGg ldNb}g, t/ klg g]kfnL g]tfx¿n] v'n]cfd l;lnu'8L / nvgpmdf
dfcf]jfbLsf zLif{:y g]tfx¿nfO{ e]6\bf n}grf}/ b"tfjf;sf
kbflwsf/Lx¿sf] æxfdLnfO{ s] yfxf pgLx¿ sxfF
5g\, ef/t 7"nf] b]z xf]Æ eGg] h:tf] k|ltlqmof klg w]/}nfO{
:jfefljs / kTofl/nf] nfUb}g . /, zÍf pAhG5– ef/tsf]
s'g} g s'g} lgsfon] t dfcf]jfbL dfly lgu/fgL /flv/fv]sf] x'g'kb{5 .
ef/t lsg p;sf] e"efudf cf>o lnPsf dfcf]jfbL g]tfnfO{ kqmFb}g
eGg] k|Zg cfkm}Fdf hfoh eP tfklg, csf]{ k|Zg ;f]Wg'kg]{ x'G5, g]kfn
;/sf/ To;/L kqm]sf] x]g{ rfxG5 of rfxFb}g < / o;lglDt p;n]
lbNnL;Fu ug'{kg]{ s"6gLlts, /fhgLlts / cGo kxnx¿ alnof];Fu
u/]sf] 5 ls 5}g <
s] hfoh s] gfhfoh
ef/tsf] tkm{af6 x:tIf]k ePsf] jf gePsf] eGg] k|Zgsf] hjfkm lbg vf]Hbf
klg cflv/ k|Zg kms]{/ g]kfntkm{ g} df]l8g] u5{ . ef/t;Fusf]
låkIfLo jf a[xt\ cGt/f{li6«o ;DaGwdf cflv/ g]kfn / g]kfnLn]
s] rfx]sf 5g\ < g]kfnsf] g]t[Tj ju{ -/fhgLlt1b]lv gful/s
;dfh;Dd_ n] hgtfn] rfx]s} s'/f rfx]sf x'g\ of xf]Ogg\ <
/, hgtfsf] rfxgfcg'?ksf] kmnk|flKtsf] nflu g]kfnsf] g]t[Tj ju{ tYout
ljZn]if0f u/L rgfvf] jsfnt / s"6gLlt ug{ tof/ 5 of 5}g <
olb ljb]zLsf] x:tIf]kaf6 b]znfO{ cnu /fVg' 5 eg] cfˆgf] cx+,
:jfledfg, b]z rnfpg ;Sg] Ifdtf / rfx]sf] v08df ljb]zLnfO{ k/} /fVg
;Sg] s"6gLlts r':ttf h:tf d'Vo phf{ g]kfnLs} xftdf x'g'k5{,
g]kfnLn] cfˆgf] xftdf lng ;Sg'k5{ .
km]l/, g]kfndf ljb]zLsf] rf;f]nfO{
Psbd} :jfutof]Uo s'/f klg dfGg ;lsG5 . lsgeg] ztflAbof}F;Dd
5fofFdf k/]sf g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ %) jif{otf PSsf;L ;+;f/;fd' pleg ;Sg]
agfpg] Ps k|d'v sf/s t ljb]zL cfjfudg / ;xfotf g} xf] . s;}sf]
…x:tIf]kÚn] g]kfndf k|hftGq cfpg of hf]ufpg 6]jf lbG5
eg] Tof] klg ;sf/fTds g} dfGg' k¥of], h:tf] @))& ;fndf ePsf]
lyof] . k|]; :jtGqtf, dfgjclwsf/, jfs\, wd{ / ;Ë7g cflb
df}lns xssf] nflu ljb]zLn] g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ ;xof]u lbG5g\ eg] ljb]zL
s"6gLlt1 jf bft[;+:yfsf] kxn xf];\ of PDg]i6L OG6/g]zgnsf]
lj1lKt, s'g} ;Qf;Lg ;/sf/ of zf;gk4ltsf] lvnfkmdf uPklg hgtfsf]
b"/ufdL lxtsf] nflu x'g] ePsf]n] tL :jfutof]Uo g} 7xl/G5g\ .
o;/L x]bf{ sltko cj:yfdf ljb]zL rf;f] ;/sf/ jf ;+:yfkg kIfsf] nflu
…x:tIf]kÚ / hgtfsf] nflu Ps …:jfutof]Uo ;xeflutfÚ
klg x'g;S5 .
g]kfnLdf ljb]zL rf;f] jf pkl:yltsf]
Pp6f csf]{ ljz]iftf 5M rf;f] /fVg] d'n'sx¿sf] ;ª\Vof
w]/} 5 / ltgsf ck]Iff ljljw vfnsf 5g\ . w]/} d'n'sx¿n]
g]kfndf cfFvf nufPsf x'gfn] s'g} Pp6fn] Psnf}6L lx;fan] cfˆgf]
:jfy{ lgw{Ss;Fu t]:of{pg ;Sg] cj:yf 5}g . h:t} dfgjclwsf/ /
;fdl/s ;xof]us} s'/fdf klg cd]l/sL, o'/f]k]nL, a]nfotL / ef/tLox¿
aLr ljrf/df leGgtf kfOG5 . ljleGg kIfsf leGbfleGb} k|fyldstfn]
ubf{ gsf/fTds cy{df x:tIf]k ug{ ;a}nfO{ ufx|f] kg{ ;S5 .
ptf, h;n] cg'bfg / ;xfotf lbG5, tL
b]zx¿af6 ævfnL k};f b]cf], afFsL s]xL g;f]wÆ
eGg ;Sg] cj:yf g]kfnsf] 5}g . hgtfnfO{ d2t ug{ cfPsf ljb]zL
lgof]u / sfof{no–x¿nfO{ ltg} hgtf df/df k/]sf] b]Vbf
s]xL eGg] clwsf/ klg t x'G5 . ljb]zL x:tIf]kn] s'g} Pp6f ;Ldf
ggf3]sf] s'/f rflxF xfn;Dd hgtfnfO{ c¿ sf]xL eGbf a9L k|ltlglwTj
ug]{ d'Vo kf6L{x¿sf] df}gtfn] bzf{pF5 . km]l/ g]kfnsf
/fhgLlts kIfx¿ cfkm}F d"ne"t s'/fx¿df ljeflht
ePsf x'Fbf s]nfO{ x:tIf]k eGg]Ù s]nfO{ hfoh lqmofsnfk eGg]
s'/} k|:6 eGg ufx|f] kb{5 . ;]gfsf clkm;/nfO{ s]xL s'/f …x:tIf]kÚ
nfUb5 eg] dfgjclwsf/ cfof]usf kbflwsf/LnfO{ ToxL s'/f :jfutof]Uo
of]ubfg x'g;S5 . ha;Dd g]kfnL kIf g} df}lns /fhgLlts ljifodf
ljeflht 5g\ ;Qfdf /x]sf JolQmsf] wf/0ff of c¿ s;}sf] egfOsf
e/df ;a} ljb]zL lqmofsnfk ;/f;/ a]7Ls x'g\ eGg klg ldNb}g .
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