…s]Gb|Ls[t g]t[TjÚ sf] hjfkm …o'lgkmfO8 sdf08Ú

/lj dfgGw/

…o'lgkmfO8 sdf08Ú sf] cjwf/0ff ;fj{hlgs ub}{ !* sflQssf] kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf k|d yfkf .

;/sf/sf kl5Nnf sbdx¿ !* c;f]h, )%( sf] k|ltufdL zfxL 3f]if0ffsf] /fhgLlts lg0f{onfO{ ;fË7lgs, ;}lgs / k|fljlws ¿kn] Jojl:yt Pj+ j}w t'NofP/ To;nfO{ alnof] kfg{ rflnPsf x'g\ . cyf{t\ ;/sf/sf] of] of]hgfsf] p2]Zo b]znfO{ gofF ;}lgs /0fgLltsf] cfwf/df k'gJo{jl:yt ug]{ b]lvG5 .

k'is/ uf}td

dfcf]jfbLn] rf/ jif{cufl8 3f]if0ff u/]sf] /fhgLlts / kmf}hL …s]Gb|Ls[t g]t[TjÚ ;DaGwL cjwf/0ffsf] k|To'Q/df ;/sf/n] xfn} cfP/ …o'lgkmfO8 sdf08Ú / …lghfdtL–;}lgs cleofgÚ gfdsf] ;}Go of]hgf ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] 5 . …lghfdtL–;}lgsÚ cleofg zfxL ;]gfsf] k|ToIf lgoGq0f / cfb]zdf hg;fwf/0f, sd{rf/L nufotsf ljleGg tx / tKsfsf dfG5]x¿nfO{ dfcf]jfbLlj?4 k|of]u ug{ NofOPsf] b]lvG5 . dfcf]jfbLn] klxnfb]lv g} …hgkl/rfngÚ sf] gfpFdf of] sfd ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ .

oxL l;nl;nfdf ;/sf/n] :yfgLo lgsfox¿df klg cfºgf dflg; dgf]gog u/]sf] 5 . zfxL ;]gfn] xfn;Dd ef]u]sf] Ifltsf] d'Vo sf/0f ;"rgfsf] cefjnfO{ dflgFb} cfPsf] 5 . o;cl3 :yfgLo lgsfox¿df Pdfn] / sfª\u|];sf] afx'No lyof] . zfxL ;]gfsf] cWoogdf uflj; tx dfcf]jfbLn] sAhf ug{ ;Sg'df Pdfn] / sfª\u|];sf] csd{0otf / e|i6frf/ dfq geP/ ltgn] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ ;xof]u / k|x/L jf zfxL ;]gfnfO{ c;xof]u u/]sfn] klg xf] eGg] a'‰fO zfxL ;]gfdf /x]sf] kfOG5 . clxn] lgo'lQm kfpg] clwsf+z dflg;x¿ k|ToIftM jt{dfg ;/sf/ glhs /x]sfÙ k"j{k~r cyjf cfºgf] kf6L{leq x}l;ot u'dfPsf cj;/jfbLx¿ 5g\ . logLx¿af6 dfcf]jfbL lqmofsnfksf] ;"rgf k|fKt ug]{ :ki6 ck]Iff ;/sf/ jf ;]gfn] /fv]sf] x'g;S5 .

…u|fdL0f txdf :jo+;]js ;d"x Pj+ zflGt ;'Joj:yf ;ldltÚ agfpg] ;/sf/sf] csf]{ of]hgfn] klg of] ;Defjgfsf] k'li6 u5{ . :yfgLo lgsfox¿df ;/sf/n] k"j{ / gjd08n]x¿nfO{ :yflkt ul/;s]kl5 dfcf]jfbLn] ltgLx¿sf] dgf]an a9fpg] u/L 3f]if0ff u/]sf] 5 …ca /fhgLlts sfo{stf{sf] xTof gug]{Ú .
:yfgLo lgsfosf] dgf]gog …o'lgkmfO8 sdf08Ú tyf …lghfdtL ;}lgs cleofgÚ s]jn zfxL ;]gfsf] nflu ;"rgf k|jfx u/fpg dfq eg] xf]Og . of] t zfxL ;]gfsf] ;lqmo g]t[Tjdf b]zdf cnUu} /fhgLlts df]rf{sf] lgdf{0f klg xf] . dflyaf6 k|ltudg ;+:yfut ug{ ufx|f] ePkl5 tnaf6 ;'b[9 kfb}{ n}hfg] u'?of]hgf cGtu{t oL sfdx¿ eO/x]sf 5g\ . k|wfgdGqLåf/f 3f]lift sfo{qmddf æzfxL ;]gfsf] cu|0fL e"ldsf /xg]5Æ eGg] jfSo k/]af6 oL ;a} sfd zfxL ;]gfsf] ;Nnfx / u'?of]hgf adf]lhd eO/x]sf] cg'dfg ug{ sl7g 5}g . ;du|dfÙ of] ;+/rgfsf] lgdf{0fÙ sfª\u|]; / Pdfn]nfO{ d"nwf/af6 lj:yflkt ug]{ lgof]lht if8oGq t x'Fb} xf]Ù b]zsf *) k|ltzt e"efu sAhf u/]sf] bfaL ug]{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ nfO{ klg r'gf}tL rflxF xf] .

/fHosf ;'/Iff;DaGwL ;Dk"0f{ zlQmx¿nfO{ s]Gb|Ls[t jf PsLs[t sdf08 cyjf g]t[Tjdf kl/rfng ug'{ …o'lgkmfO8 sdf08Ú sf] ;fdfGo kl/efiff xf] . cfh;Dd zfxL g]kfnL ;]gf, hgky k|x/L, ;z:q k|x/L, u'Ktr/ ;+:yfx¿ tyf /fhgLlts–k|zf;lgs–sfg"g lg0f{ostf{x¿ ->L % sf] ;/sf/, If]qLo k|zf;s, k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L cflb_ aLr ;+:yfut / cf}krfl/s Pstf lyPg . pbfx/0fsf] nflu, ;]gfn] ug]{ lu/ºtf/LnfO{ s;/L j}wflgs ?k lbg] eGg] k|fljlws ;d:of lyof] .

of] 3f]if0ffkl5 To:tf] ;d:of jf cGof}nsf] cGTo ePsf] 5 . t/ ;/sf/n] o; ;Fu;Fu} æ;'/Iff rf}sL tyf s]Gb|x¿;DaGwL jt{dfg Joj:yfnfO{ k'glj{rf/ u/L ;'/Iff tyf ;fdl/s b[li6sf]0f cg'?k gofF 9Ëaf6 Jojl:yt ul/g]Æ klg eg]sf] 5 . o;af6 ;/sf/n] ;fgfltgf k|fljlws / k|zf;lgs ;d:ofnfO{ xn ug{ dfq oL ;}lgs of]hgfx¿ cl3;f/]sf] eGg] a'´g ldNb}g . ;/sf/sf] of]hgf t b]znfO{ gofF ;}lgs /0fgLltsf] cfwf/df k'gJo{jl:yt g} ug]{ b]lvG5 . aflx/ h] eg] klg …o'lgkmfO8 sdf08Ú sf] bL3{sfnLg dxŒj x'G5 / x'g'k5{ eGg] s'/fdf ;Qfwf/Lx¿df s'g} låljwf b]lvFb}g . oL ;a} tYo / kIfx¿sf] ljZn]if0f ubf{, ;/sf/sf kl5Nnf sbdx¿ !* c;f]h, )%( sf] k|ltufdL zfxL 3f]if0ffsf] /fhgLlts lg0f{onfO{ ;fË7lgs, ;}lgs, k|fljlws ¿kn] Jojl:yt / j}wtf lbP/ alnof] kfg{ rflnPsf x'g\ eGg] lgisif{ lg:sG5 .

t/ of] ;/sf/L u'?of]hgfsf] /fhgLlts 3]/f eg] clt g} ;fF3'/f] 5 . b/af/;Fu glhs /x]sf] :jo+ k|wfgdGqL ;"o{axfb'/ yfkfs} bn /fk|kfsf] klg k"/} zlQm o; cleofgdf ;fd]n b]lvFb}g . kfFr /fhgLlts bn t ;/sf/sf jfka}/L h:t} 5g\ . k|wfgdGqL yfkfsf] æPSn} eP klg cufl8 a9\g]Æ eGg] xfn;fn}sf] 3f]if0ffn] of] b"/L ‰g\ a9fPsf] 5 . b]zsf /fhgLlts zlQmx¿s} …o'lgkmfO8 sdf08Ú gx'Gh]n;Dd b]zsf] ;d:of eg] xn x'g;Sb}gÙ h'g tTsfn ;Dej b]lvFb}g .

;ft dlxgf nfdf] o'4lj/fd / jftf{Ù yk o'4 tof/Lsf] nflu lyof] eg]/ dfcf]jfbLn] clxn] :jLsf/]sf] 5 . p;sf] kmf}hL tof/L / hgo'4 cjt/0f u/fpg] dfWodsf ¿kdf cl3 ;fl/Psf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg aLr s'g} /fhgLlts tfbfTDotf b]lvFb}g . oxfFg]/ /0fgLlts cfqmd0f / ;+ljwfg;efaLrsf] ldnglaGb' ge]l6g] dfq xf]Og oL b'O{dWo] Pp6fn] csf]{nfO{ lgif]w ub{5g\ . /0fgLlts k|Tofqmd0f ug]{ wDsLn] …k'/fgf] ;QfÚnfO{ ;+ljwfg;efdf Nofpg ;lsG5 ls eGg] dfcf]jfbLsf] cfzo x'g;S5 . o;} sf/0fn] ubf{ lg0ff{os cfqmd0fsf] kmf}hL / /fhgLlts :j?ksf] JofVof pgLx¿n] xfn;Dd ;fj{hlgs u/]sf 5}gg\ . km]l/Ù pgLx¿n] k6sk6s eGb} klg cfPsf 5g\, æxfd|f] clGtd ljho g]kfnsf] e"/fhgLlts cj:yfdf tTsfn ;Dej 5}g .Æ

of] lj/f]wfef;n] kfFr /fhgLlts bnx¿n] eGb} cfPsf] …dfcf]jfbLk|lt ljZjf;sf] cfwf/ 5}gÚ eGg] egfO ;xL 7xg{ hfG5 . /0fgLlts af6f]Ù qmflGtsf/L hgo'4 / k|fKt ug]{ rLh rflxF …ax'bnLo k|hftGqsf] k"0f{tfÚ Û dfcf]jfbLdf oxL lj/f]wfef; /x]sf]n] jl/i7 jfd g]tf df]xgljqmd l;+xn] eg]‰}F ltgsf] hgo'4n] k|ltudgsf] ;]jf afx]s c¿ u/]sf] 5}g eGbf cK7]/f] dfGg'kb}{g .

ækxf8L ufpFdf :yfoL cfwf/ Onfsf / t/fO{sf ufpFdf c:yfoL cfwf/ Onfsf agfpg]Æ dfcf]jfbLsf] clxn]sf] sfo{gLlt xf] . To;} cg'?k ltgsf] kmf}hL cfqmd0f clxn] ;fk]lIft s]Gb|Ls/0fsf] l;4fGt cg';f/ t/fO{ / dx]Gb| /fhdfu{sf] ;]/f]km]/f]df k"j{b]lv klZrd;Dd s]lGb|t 5 . s';'d cfqmd0f ToxL >[ª\vnfsf] pkNnf] s8L xf] . pgLx¿ clxn] d'Vo s]Gb|Ls[t cfqmd0fsf] tof/Ldf 5g\ . t/fO{sf ;dtn e"efudf /x]sf k|x/L / cfdL{sf Aof/]sx¿ gi6 ug'{ clGtd ljb|f]xsf] k"j{ tof/Lsf] lgldQ xf] eGg] s'/f dfcf]jfbL ;flxTon] atfpF5 . t/fO{sf] pBf]u wGbf, aGb Jofkf/nfO{ dfcf]jfbLx¿ k|ToIf lgoGq0f ug{ rfxG5g\ .

/fHosf] cfDbfgLsf] d'Vo ;|f]t t/fO{ g} ePsf] sf/0f dfcf]jfbLx¿sf] cfFvf t/fO{df kg'{ cgf}7f] xf]Og . dfcf]jfbLsf] t/fO{ s]lGb|t cfqmd0f of]hgfn] g]kfnsf] s]Gb|Lo ;Qf / g]kfn–ef/t ;DaGwnfO{ Jofjxfl/s lx;fadf k|efj kfg]{5 . ;LkL uh'/]nnfO{ ef/tn] y'g]/ …y|]6Ú h:t} lbP klg dfcf]jfbL ef/tk|lt ‰g\‰g\ g/d efiff k|of]u ub}{ uO/x]sf] 5 . Pp6f s'/f s] :ki6 5 eg], …dfcf]jfbLsf] eljioÚdf ef/tsf] Jofjxfl/s sfo{gLltsf] lg0ff{os k|efj k5{ . oxL tYo a'‰]/ g} dfcf]jfbLn] æef/tLo lj:tf/jfbÆsf] lj/f]wnfO{ Jojxf/tM cfºgf b:tfj]haf6 x6fPsf x'g\ . cd]l/sfn] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ …cftÍsf/LÚsf] >]0fLdf /fVg pm;Fu ;DalGwt ;DklQ /f]Ssf u/] klg ef/t rflxF c‰} klg …kv{ / x]/Ú sf] /0fgLltdf b]lvG5 . ;'Vvf aGb/ufx ;~rfng / l3p lgof{tsf afwfc8\rg x6fpg ef/tn] b]vfPsf] tTk/tf cfkm}Fdf ;sf/fTds t xf] t/ g]kfndf dfcf]jfbL lgoGq0f ug{ p;sf] Tolt ;lqmotf dfq} kof{Kt x'Fb}g .

otf cfP/ dfcf]jfbLn] cfkm"nfO{ vf§L …nf]stflGqs zlQmÚ bfaL ug{ yfn]sf] 5 . ljb]zLnfO{ b]vfpgsf nflu p;n] o:tf] bfaL ug'{ k/]sf] x'g;S5 . b]zdf tLg /fhgLlts zlQm / b'O{ ;Qf ePsf] k"j{jtL{ wf/0ffnfO{ km]/]/ 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{n] …k|ltufdL zlQm / nf]stflGqsÚ zlQm dfq afFsL /x]sf / cfkm"nfO{ nf]stflGqs zlQmsf] g]t[TjbfoL ePsf] bfaL ug'{ePsf] 5 . 8f= e§/fO{sf] of] bfaLdf k|ToIftM kfFr /fhgLlts zlQmx¿sf] hldg / 5ljnfO{ cjd"Nog ug]{ jf To;df cfºgf] ar{:j sfod ug]{ / cfkm"nfO{ /fh;+:yf kl5sf] zlQmzfnL /fhgLlts ;+:yf ePsf] b]vfpg] rfxgf ‰Ns]sf] 5 .

dfcf]sf] kl/efiff cg';f/ /0fgLlts cfqmd0fsf] lglDt dfcf]jfbLx¿ /fhgLlts / kmf}hL b'j} b[li6n] >]i7 x'g' h?/L x'G5 . csf]{ zAbdf eGbf, g]kfnsf dfcf]jfbLx¿ /fhgLlts ¿kn] nf]slk|o, pRr g}ltstf / kmf}hL ¿kn] rflxF zfxL ;]gfeGbf w]/} bIf / e/kbf]{ zlQmsf] ¿kdf plePsf] x'g'k5{ . clGtd ljho s/La s/La lglZrt x'g'kg]{ l:ylt cfd hgdfg;n] cg'ej ug{ ;Sg'k5{ .

ca æxfd|f] /0fgLlts cfqmd0f -cufl8 a9fO_ / zq'sf] /0fgLlts kl5 x6fOsf] cj:yf x'G5Æ eg]/ dfcf]jfbLn] of] r/0fsf] kl/efiff t u/]sf 5g\ t/ Jojxf/df ltgsf] nf]slk|otf / ;}GozlQm dfcf]n] atfPeGbf ljk/Lt cj:yfdf 5 . dfcf]jfbLsf ljut b'O{ dlxgfsf sfjf{xL /fhgLlts ¿kn] ab\gfd / cftÍk"0f{ clg kmf}hL ¿kn] k"0f{tM c;kmn / cfTd;'/IffjfbL /x]sf 5g\ . ut jif{ jftf{df cfpFbf Pp6} jQmJon] b]zel/sf hgsf/jfxLx¿ /f]Sg ;s]sf k|r08 o;kfln To;f] ug{ c;kmn b]lvP . pgsf] kl5Nnf] cfu|xsf] s'g} kjf{x} gu/L pgsf 5fkfdf/x¿n] lgxTyf hgtfnfO{ dfl/ g} /x]sf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbLdf of] xb;Ddsf] c/fhstf o;eGbf cufl8 slxNo} cg'ej ul/Psf] lyPg .