u'lnof] pv'M tLtf] åGå

pv' ls;fg / lrgL ldnjfnfx¿n] pTkfbsTj a[l4, Joj:yfkgdf ;'wf/ ug]{ / pTkfbgsf] nfutnfO{ cfwf/ dfgL d"No tf]Sg] kl/kf6L ga;];Dd oL b'O{aLr åGå bf]xf]l/O{ g} /xg]5 .

t'n;L uf}td

pv' pTkfbs ls;fg / lrgL ldnx¿sf] kf]xf]/sf] syf km]l/ bf]xf]l/Psf] 5 . ls;fgx¿ pv'sf] plrt d"No gkfPsf] u'gf;f] af]s]/ ;ª\3if{df pq]sf 5g\ eg] lrgL ldnx¿n] pv'sf] d"No cl3Nnf] jif{sf] eGbf klg tn ‰f/]sf 5g\ . lrgL pTkfbs dxf;+3n] ldnx¿;Fu kf]xf]/s} lrgL :6sdf /x]sf] / ef/taf6 ;:tf] lrgL cfO/x]sf]n] ut jif{sf] b/df pv' v/Lb ug{ g;Sg] hgfPsf] 5 . sltko ls;fgn] d"No ga9fpg] xf] eg] v]tdf ePsf] pv' klg ga]Rg] / cab]lv pv' gnufpg] wDsL lbPsf 5g\ .

s] pv' ls;fgx¿n] plrt bfd gkfPs} x'g\ < ldnx¿sf] zf]if0f xf] ls afWotf xf] of] < lrgL sf/vfgfx¿ cfkm}Fdf slt cK7\of/f]df k/]sf x'g\ < ahf/sf] n]vfhf]vf u/]/ x]/f}F .

tLg ca{sf] pTkfbg
s[lif tyf ;xsf/L dGqfnosf] cg'dflgt tYofÍ cg';f/ ut jif{ -cf=j= @)%(–^)_ ^) xhf/ x]S6/ hldgdf ul/Psf] v]tLaf6 @# nfv $# xhf/ 6g pv' pTkfbg ePsf] lyof] . of] jif{ s/La @$ nfv $@ xhf/ 6g pv' pTkfbg x'g] cg'dfg 5 . ldnjfnfx¿n] tf]s]sf] k|lt SjL06n ?=!@$ sf] b/df lx;fa ubf{ of] jif{ ?=# ca{ # s/f]8sf] pv' pTkfbg x'g] b]lvG5 . g]kfnsf] (& k|ltzt pv' v]tL t/fO{df x'G5 .

b]zdf pTkflbt s/La &) k|ltzt pv' !) j6f 7"nf lrgL ldnn], @* k|ltzt vfF8;f/L ldnx¿n] / afFsL :yfgLo sf]nx¿n] pkof]u ub{5g\ .

t/ s]xL jif{b]lv lrgL ldnn] cfˆgf] Ifdtfsf] $) k|ltzt dfq pTkfbg ul//x]sf 5g\, h;n] ubf{ pgLx¿sf] pTkfbg nfut a9]sf] 5 . cf=j= @)%)–%! df lrgL ldnx¿n] Ifdtfsf] (* k|ltzt;Dd pTkfbg u/]sf lyP . g]kfn pBf]u afl0fHo dxf;+3sf] cg'dfgdf g]kfndf kfFr jif{cl3 ^* xhf/ 6g lrgL pTkfbg ePsf] lyof] eg] ut jif{ (@ xhf/ 6g eof] . clxn]sf] yf]s d"NoÙ k|ltlsnf] ?=@$ n] lx;fa ubf{ cl3Nnf] jif{ b]zdf ‰08} ?=@ ca{ @! s/f]8sf] lrgL pTkfbg ePsf] b]lvG5 .

s[lif dGqfno cGtu{tsf] ahf/ ljsf; lgb]{zgfnon] xfn} u/fPsf] cWoog cg';f/ g]kfndf lrgLsf] dfu jflif{s ! nfv $) xhf/ 6gsf] xf/fxf/Ldf k'u]sf] 5 . o; lx;fan] g]kfnn] s'n dfusf] s/La #^ k|ltzt cyf{t\ jif]{gL s/La %) xhf/ 6g lrgL cfoft ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . t/ oxfF ut jif{s} @% xhf/ 6g lrgL df}Hbft /x]sf] / ef/taf6 cfofltt ;:tf] lrgL;Fu k|lt:kwf{ ug'{ k/]sf]n] pv'sf] ut jif{sf] d"No k|ltSjLG6n ?=!$! af6 of] jif{ ?=!@$ df ‰fg{ afWo x'g'k/]sf] lrgL pTkfbsx¿sf] egfO 5 . ptf pv'sf] jt{dfg v/Lb d"Noaf6 pTkfbg nfut klg gp7\g] ls;fgx¿sf] u'gf;f] 5 . To;dflyÙ sltko ldnx¿n] rf/ jif{ cl3sf] pv'sf] k};f klg ls;fgnfO{ lt/]sf 5}gg\ . o:t} cj:yfn] ubf{ sltko ls;fgn] lrgL ldnnfO{ pv' ga]Rg] / cfOGbf pv' v]tL gug]{ dgl:ylt agfPsf 5g\ . csf]{lt/, oxL df}sf 5f]k]/ C0fdf 8'a]sf ;fgf ls;fgx¿sf] sdhf]/L yfxf kfPsf vfF8;f/L lrgL ldnx¿n] pgLx¿nfO{ k|ltSjL06n ?=&) b]lv *) ;Dddf pv' a]Rg afWo kf/]sf 5g\ .

pv'sf] pTkfbg nfut
slt 5 t pv'sf] pTkfbg vr{ < pv'Ù Ps k6s /f]k]kl5 b'O{–tLg jif{;Dd pTkfbg lbg] k|s[ltsf] afnL xf] . pTkfbg b/ 36\b} uP klg jif]{lg nufpg' gkg]{ x'gfn] kl5Nnf jif{x¿df pv' v]tLsf] nflu vf;} vr{ nfUb}g . pv'sf] nfut / k|ltkmnsf] cj:yf yfxf kfpgsf] nflu s[lif ljsf; sfof{no, gjnk/f;Ln] ls;fgx¿af6 xfn} dfq tT;DaGwL ljj/0f ;Íng u/]sf] 5 .

klxnf] jif{ hUufsf] tof/L / pv'sf] aLp -Ps lj3fsf] nflu $% SjLG6nsf b/n]_ v/Lb ug'{kg]{ x'gfn] Ps lj3fdf pv' v]tL ug{ ?=#@ xhf/eGbf a9L vr{ nfUb5 . t/ bf];|f] jif{ ToxL v'6Laf6 k'gM pTkfbg x'g] x'gfn] To;sf] cfwfeGbf sd, ?=!$ xhf/ hlt dfq vr{ x'G5 . o; cg';f/ Ps lj3f pv' v]tLsf] jflif{s ;fnfvfnf vr{ ?=@# xhf/ kg]{ b]lvG5 . pv'sf] pTkfbg rflxF klxnf] jif{ k|ltlj3f #%) SjLG6n, bf];|f] jif{ @%) SjLG6n / t];|f] jif{ c‰} sd x'G5 . o; cfwf/df klxnf] jif{sf] k|ltSjLG6n nfut ?=(@=%#, bf];|f] jif{sf] ?=%&=%& / cf};t jflif{s ?=&&=(^ kg{ cfpF5 . o; lx;fan] ljBdfg v/Lb b/df pv' a]Rbf ls;fgn] jflif{s ;/b/ k|ltlj3f s/La ?=#& xhf/ cfDbfgL ug]{ / vr{ s6fP/ ?=!$ xhf/ gfkmf lng ;Sg] b]lvG5 . of] gfkmf k|ltSjLG6n ?=%) sf] xf/fxf/Ldf x'G5 . o;afx]s ls;fgn] pv'sf] 6'Kkf ufO{a:t'nfO{ v'jfP/ / aLpsf] ¿kdf k|of]u u/]/ jf a]r]/ s]xL yk kmfObf klg lng ;S5g\ .

;+;f/e/ g} efp 36\b}5
pv'sf] v/Lb d"Nodf s6f}tL g]kfndf dfq ePsf] xf]Og . b'O{ jif{cl3 ef/tdf pv'sf] v/Lb d"No k|ltSjLG6n ef?=() /x]sf]df o; jif{sf] z'?df cf};t ef?=^( df ‰/]sf] lyof], h;sf] g]kfnL d"No ?=!!) hlt x'g cfpF5 . kmn:j?k ToxfFsf ls;fgx¿ klg cfGbf]lnt eP . afWo eP/ ef/t ;/sf/n] clxn] Go"gtd d"No ef? *) -?=!@*_ tf]s]sf] 5 . To;}sf] k|efj :j?k s}nfnLsf] jf;'lnË ;'u/ ldnn] ldnu]6df ?=!#) / ;Íng s]Gb|df ?=!@) df pv' lsGg yfn]sf] 5 . n'lDagL ;'u/ ldnn] klg ?=!#@ df pv' lslg/x]sf] 5 .
oxfF pv'sf] v/Lb d"No a9fpg] dfu eO/x]sf] cj:yfdf ljZj ahf/df eg] lrgLsf] d"No 36\b} uPsf] 5 . ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3Lo vfB tyf s[lif ;Ë7g -PkmPcf]_sf cg';f/, ljut tLg jif{df cGt/f{li6«o ahf/df lrgLsf] d"No lg/Gt/ 36\bf] qmddf 5 .

g]kfnsf] d"No l:ylt klg ‰g]{ qmdd} 5 . ut jif{;Dd k|ltlsnf] ?=@(–#) /x]sf] lrgLsf] yf]s d"No clxn] ?=@$ df ‰/]sf] 5 . To;dfly cGt/f{li6«o d"Nol:yltsf] sf/0f v'nf cfoft x'Fbf oxfFsf lrgL ldnx¿n] k|lt:kwf{ ug{ g;Sg] cj:yf l;h{gf ePsf] 5 . lrgL ldnx¿ 3f6fdf uP eg] To;sf] c;/ cGttM pkef]Qmf;Fu} pv' pTkfbs ls;fgx¿dfly klg k5{ .

pTkfbsTj j[l4 / nfut s6f}tL
pv'sf] pTkfbsTj a9fP/ dfq of] ;d:ofsf] lg/fs/0f ug{ ;lsG5 . ls;fgx¿n] pv'sf] hft / v]tLdf ;'wf/ ug]{ xf] eg] plQs} If]qkmn / nufgLdf a9L pTkfbg lng ;Sb5g\ . g]kfn s[lif cg';Gwfg kl/ifbn] u/]sf] cg';Gwfgaf6 t/fO{sf] cl;l~rt hUufdf …lhtk'/–@Ú hftsf] pv' nufpFbf k|ltx]S6/ () 6g -^)) SjLG6n÷lj3f_;Dd pTkfbg ePsf] b]lvPsf] 5 . k|ltlj3f ;/b/ #)) SjLG6n pTkfbg x'g] 7fpFdf $%) SjLG6n;Dd pTkfbg ug]{ xf] eg] klg ls;fgsf] nfut clxn]sf] eGbf w]/} 36\b5 .

ls;fgx¿n] cfˆgf] pTkfbgsf] a9L d"No vf]Hg' :jfefljs xf], t/ ;Fu;Fu} pgLx¿n] k|lt:kwL{ x'Fb} hfg / pTkfbsTj a9fpg klg cu|;/ x'g'kb{5 . pTkfbsTj j[l4 ug{ ;s]sf] v08df pTkfbg nfut sd x'g] / w]/} gfkmf lng ;lsg] x'Fbf ls;fgn] pGgt hftsf] pv' nufO{ a9L pTkfbg ug]{lt/ nfUg h?/L eO;s]sf] 5 . t/ pv' pTkfbssf cGo ;d:ofx¿ eg] pTkfbsTj a9\b}df ;dfwfg x'Fb}gg\ . 7"nf] kx'Fr ePsf ldnx¿n] lrgL a]r]/ u/]sf] cfDbfgLaf6 ;j{k|yd ls;fgnfO{ e'QmfgL ug'{kg]{ afWofTds Joj:yf ug'{ clt h?/L eO;s]sf] 5 . s}of}F lrgL ldnx¿n] gt ls;fgsf] pv'sf] d"No lt/]sf 5g\ g AofÍnfO{ ;fFjf–Aofh . pv' ls;fg h:t} lrgL ldnx¿sf] pTkfbsTj klg clt Go"g 5 . o; lx;fadf, pv' ls;fg / lrgL ldnx¿ b'j} kIfdf cTdd"NofÍg / ;'wf/sf] vfFrf] 68\sf/f] b]lvG5 .