stf
8f]¥ofpg] lzIffnfO{ <
Iff xfd|f] b]zsf] ;aeGbf sdhf]/ If]q
xf] . hg;ª\Vofsf] 7"nf] / slnnf] ;d"xl;t ;DalGwt
ePsfn] ;+j]bgzLn klg 5 . nfvf}F cfdfafa'sf] ;kgf / b]zsf] eljiol;t
;f]‰} ;/f]sf/ ePsf] z}lIfs If]q s]xL ;do otf w]/} ljjfb /
;Í6df kb}{ cfPsf] 5 . t/ s] xfdL cleefjs, lzIfs / ;/sf/L
;+oGqdf /x]sf JolQmx¿n] o; If]qdf /x]sf r'gf}tL / ;Í6
;dfwfg ug]{ lbuf] / Odfgbf/ k|oTg u/]sf 5f}F <
g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf] ljBfyL{ ;d"xn]
nfdf] ;dob]lv lghL ljBfnox¿nfO{ tf/f] agfpFb} cfPsf] 5 .
lzIffdf …lghLs/0fÚ / …Jofkf/Ls/0fÚ sf]
lj/f]wLsf ¿kdf cfk"mnfO{ lrgfpFb} cfPsf] of] ;d"x
d"ntM …sf7df8f}Fsf dxFuf :s"nx¿Ú k|lt
cfqmfds /x]sf] eP tfklg cfˆgf] ;fdYo{n] Eofpg] ;a} 7fpFsf ;a}
:t/sf :s"n aGb u/fpg] sfddf nfu]sf] 5 . o;af6 of] ;d"x
dWodjuL{o hgtfdf‰ nf]slk|o x'g] nf]edf ;r]t ¿kdf g}
b]zdf tof/ ePsf] z}lIfs Joj:yfsf] k"jf{wf/ eTsfpg tNnLg b]lvG5 .
cWoog, d"NofÍg lagf ;a} ljBfnox¿df Ps} lsl;dn]
al;{g] dfcf]jfbL ljBfyL{x¿sf] nf7Ln] …To:tfÚ
ljBfnox¿nfO{ eGbf klg b]zsf] Pp6f k':tfnfO{ g} cfxt ul//x]sf]
5 . t/, dfcf]jfbLx¿sf] …Ph]G8fÚ g t pgLx¿n]
n'sfPsf 5g\, g t ;r]t JolQmx¿af6 g} l5k]sf] 5 . cfZro{
t To;a]nf nfU5, h'ga]nf ax'njfb / v'nfkgsf Ph]G8f lnPsf k|hftflGqs
kf6L{sf ljBfyL{ ;d"xx¿ klg ;:tf] nf]slk|otfsf] nf]edf
…efO dfcf]jfbLÚ ag]/ aNnaNn tof/ ePsf] ;+/rgfd} k|xf/
ug{ yfN5g\ . clg lzIffsf] k;n aGb xf]nf eGg] 8/n] …KofA;gÚ
/ …Pg\–KofA;gÚ h:tf ;+:yf dfcf]jfbL / …efO
dfcf]jfbLÚ x¿;Fu xtf/xtf/ ;D‰f}tf ug{ k'U5g\ .
dfu /fVg] / dfu k'/f ug]{ afrf ug]{
oL b'j}y/L ljBfyL{ / …KofA;gÚ l;t ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] s'g}
of]hgf b]lvFb}g . olb To:tf] x'GYof] eg] dfu /fVg] ljBfyL{x¿
c¿ s'g} s'/fdf Wofg glbO{ z'Nss} s'/f dfq p7fpFb}gy] .
To;}u/L KofA;g, Pg\–KofA;g / lghL ljBfnox¿n] klg cleefjsx¿sf
cfly{s / z}lIfs dfu, cfjZostf / rfxgfnfO{ a]jf:tf ug]{ ljBfnonfO{
lgoGq0f u/]/ l:ylt lalu|g glbg k|of; ug]{ lyP . o;/L ha ;a}lt/sf]
k|xf/af6 lbg–k|ltlbg l:ylt sdhf]/ x'gk'U5 clg b]zsf] gLltlgdf{0fs}
lhDdf lnP/ a;]sf dflg;x¿ ;d]t 5f]/f5f]/L lnP/ lbNnL, d;'/L,
b]x/fb'g / bfhL{lnªlt/ nfU5g\ . o;f] u/]/ ltgn] cfˆgf
5f]/f5f]/Lsf nflu …;'/lIft z}lIfs jftfj/0fÚ t h'6fpF5g\,
t/ o;;Fu;Fu} s]6fs]6Lb]lv g} b]zsf] bf?0f cj:yfl;t efUg klg l;sfpF5g\ .
b]zsf] g;{/Ldf clxn] k9\g] df}s} gkfPsf / kfPsf] df}sf vf]l;Psf
lg?kfo /fi6«jfbL / cj;/ kfPsf ;'lzlIft knfogjfbL u/]/ b'O{y/L
gful/sx¿ tof/ eO/x]sf 5g\ / xfdL cv08 df}ga|tdf 5f}F .
jf:tjdf z}lIfs If]qdf JofKt clgZro
/ cGof}nsf] jftfj/0f g} of] ;d:ofsf] d"n h/f] xf] . ;/sf/n]
Psk6s lg0f{o u/]kl5 ;w}Fsf nflu nfu' x'g]u/L ljBfnox¿nfO{
;fd'bflos ljBfno, ;fdflhs ;+:yfsf ¿kdf sfo{ ug]{ lghL ljBfno
/ d'gfkmf sdfpg] lghL ljBfnosf ¿kdf juL{s/0f u/]df ;a} ljBfnox¿sf]
x}l;ot :ki6 x'G5 / of] ;d:of ;w}Fsf nflu ;dfwfg x'g;S5 . xfn
b]zdf /x]sf ljBfnox¿ klg oxL juL{s/0fdf c6fpF5g\ . t/,
clxn] u}/;/sf/L If]qsf ;a} ljBfno Ps} lsl;dn] cfFvL ePsf 5g\ .
logLx¿ cj}w xf]Ogg\ t/ b]zdf logsf] s'g j}wflgs x}l;ot 5
eGg] s'/f klg :ki6 b]lvFb}g . To;}n] dfcf]jfbLb]lv ;/sf/;Dd
;a}n] lognfO{ lgoGq0f ug'{df g} cfˆgf] axfb'/L 7fGg] u/]sf
5g\ . olb lghL ljBfnox¿nfO{ aGb ul/Pdf s] ;/sf/n] b]zsf
;a} gful/sx¿nfO{ lzIffsf] cj;/ pknAw u/fpg ;S5 <
;f] ug{sf nflu ;/sf/sf] cfly{s÷k|fljlws Ifdtf 5 <
o; af/]df s;}n] ;f]r]sf] jf ;f]w]sf] b]lvFb}g .
To;}n] clxn]sf] klxnf] k|Zg xf] b]zdf lghL ljBfnox¿ cl:tTjdf
/xg'kb{5 ls kb}{g eGg] . olb cfjZostf 5 eg] d"Nofª\sgsf
pko'Qm cfwf/x¿ klg lgdf{0f ug'{ kg]{5 . To:tf cfwf/x¿
ljBfnonfO{ d"Nofª\sg ug{sf nflu dfq} geP/ ltgnfO{ ;'wf/
ug{ / k|hftGqnfO{ alnof] agfpg] ljBfyL{x¿ tof/ kfg{ d2t k'¥ofpg]
lsl;dsf klg x'g'k5{ .
ljBfnox¿sf] d"Nofª\sg
Pp6f hl6n sfo{ xf] . Pp6f ljBfnosf ef}lts / cef}lts b'j} kIf
x'G5g\ . k|ToIf b]lvg] / gb]lvg] kIfx¿ klg x'G5g\ .
cleefjsx¿sf ljljw / km/skm/s cfjZostfx¿ kl/k"lt{
ug{sf nflu b]zdf ljleGg lsl;dsf ljBfnox¿ cl:tTjdf cfPsf 5g\ .
s]xL ljBfnox¿ hfgfhfg yf]/} ljBfyL{x¿ lnP/ vf]lnPsf
5g\ . s]xL xhf/f}Fsf] ;ª\Vofdf ljBfyL{x¿ egf{ ub{5g\ .
oL b'O{y/Ln] lbg] lzIffsf] u'0f:t/df cGt/ xf]nf, t/ lagf s'g} ;/sf/L
cg'bfg / ;xof]u logLx¿n] ;/sf/L ljBfnox¿n] lbg g;s]sf]
lzIff lbPsf 5g\ / cleefjssf cfjZostfx¿nfO{ kl/k"lt{
ul//x]sf 5g\ .
s'g} ljBfnon] lbg] lzIffsf] u'0f:t/
s;/L gfKg] eGg] :ki6 dfkb08af/] cfh;Dd ;/sf/L–u}/;/sf/L s'g}
If]qdf ax; / 5nkmn ePsf] kfOPsf] 5}g . t/ …5}gÚ
eg]/ ;w}F r'k nfu]/ a:g klg ldNb}g . ljBfno lzIffsf ;d:of /
lj;Ëlt s]nfpg ;/sf/n] xfn;fn} u7g u/]sf] ;'‰fj ;ldlt
nufot lzIffsf af/]df lrlGtt / lrGtgzLn cleefjs, lzIfs / ljBfno ;~rfnsx¿sf]
;d]t Wofg cfslif{t ug{ oxfF s]xL 7f]; cfwf/x¿ k|:tfj ul/Psf]
5 .
ef}lts ;'ljwf
n k|To]s ljBfyL{sf nflu oy]i6 7fpF / k|sfz ePsf sIffsf]7f, n kof{Kt
;ª\Vofdf s]6f / s]6Lx¿sf nflu 5'§f5'§} ;kmf
rkL{x¿, n v]nsf] d}bfg / ljBfyL{x¿n] zf/Ll/s ljsf;sf
cj;/x¿ kfpg ;Sg] lsl;dsf v]nsf ;/;fdfgx¿, n ljBfyL{
;ª\Vof cg'?k v'nf 7fpF,
n lzIfsx¿sf nflu e]63f6÷a}7s ug]{, kf7of]hgf agfpg],
cfˆgf JolQmut ;/;fdfg / ljBfyL{x¿sf kmfOnx¿
/fVg] kof{Kt 7fpF, tyf- Jojxfl/s lzIf0fsf nflu cfjZos ;'ljwfx¿ .
ljBfyL{ ;ª\Vof
- sIffsf]7fsf] ef}lts cfsf/ / ljBfyL{af6
p7fOPsf] z'Ns cg'?k lgwf{l/t lglZrt ljBfyL{ ;ª\Vof / k|To]s
sIffdf slt j6f ;]S;g /fVg] eGg] s'/fsf] lglZrt of]hgf . ljBfyL{x¿
cfP eGb}df ;ª\Vof a9fpg'x'Fb}g . ljBfyL{ ;ª\Vof
k"j{lgwf{l/t ePdf lzIfsx¿n] sIffsf] sfo{–tflnsf,
7fpFsf] Joj:yfkg / cGo ;'ljwfx¿nfO{ Jojl:yt ug]{ u/L of]hgf
agfpg ;S5g\ .
- cfˆgf] kl/;/leq slt ljBfyL{
/fVg] eGg] s'/fsf] :ki6 lg0f{o . olb ljBfyL{ ;ª\Vof
a9fpg] of]hgf ePdf Tof] bL3{sfnLg x'g'k5{ / ljBfyL{ ;ª\Vof
a9fpg' cufj} ;a} ;'ljwfx¿ tof/ x'g'k5{ .
ljBfnosf] nIo / l;4fGt
- ljBfnodf zf/Ll/s÷dfgl;s
b08 lbg] k|j[lQ 5 ls 5}g < afndgf]lj1fg k|lts"n o:tf]
cEof; u}/sfg'gL klg xf] eGg] Wofgdf /fVg' k5{ .
- ljBfyL{sf z}lIfs cfjZostfsf ;fy;fy}
pgLx¿sf ;fdflhs, efjgfTds / zf/Ll/s cfjZostfx¿ kl/k"lt{
ug]{ of]hgf / Joj:yf .
n ljBfnosf] lglb{i6 nIosf] :ki6tf . ljBfnodf lnOg] k|To]s
lg0f{ox¿ lglb{i6 nIonfO{ clej[l4 ug]{ lbzflt/ a9]sf] x'g'k5{ .
o;n] JolQmut :jfy{eGbf ljBfno / ljBfyL{x¿sf] lxtdf lg0f{o
x'g] s'/fnfO{ ;'lglZrt ub{5 .
- ljBfnosf] sfo{tflnsf, lgoldt cleefjs–
lzIfs e]nf / cGt/lqmofdf cfwfl/t ljBfno / cleefjsx¿sf]
kf/:kl/stf . of] g} lzIffsf] nIo kl/k"lt{ ug{ ;lsg]
Ps dfWod xf] .
sd{rf/L÷lzIfsx¿sf]
j[lQ ljsf;
- sIffsf]7fleq k|To]s ljBfnon] pTs[i6
:t/sf] z}Ifl0fs lgb]{zg pknAw u/fpg'k5{ o;sf nflu lzIfs ljsf;sf
kof{Kt cj;/x¿sf] vfFrf] kb{5 . o:tf ljsf;sf cj;/x¿
ljBfnoleq jf aflx/ klg pknAw u/fpg ;lsG5 .
- lghL ljBfnox¿n] lzIfsnfO{
tflnd lbg} kb{5 . olb ljBfnodf lzIfsx¿nfO{ Wofg lbg]]
jftfj/0f ePdf lzIfsx¿n] ljBfno 5f8\b}gg\ . olb k|lzlIft
lzIfsn] s'g} Pp6f ljBfno 5f]8]/ cGt} k9fpg yfn] eg] klg sxLF g
sxLF g]kfnL afnaflnsfx¿n] /fd|f] lzIff kfO/x]sf 5g\ eg]/
pQm ljBfno k|zf;gn] /fd|f] cg'e"lt lng ;Sg'k5{ .
- ljBfnoleq lgoldt ¿kdf ljleGg
a}7sx¿ x'g' h?/L 5 . o:tf a}7sx¿ lzIfs÷sd{rf/Lsf]
ljsf;, k|zf;lgs p2]Zo / ljBfyL{sf] pGglt / ljsf;af/] 5nkmn ug]{
lsl;dsf] x'g'k5{ .
- lzIfsx¿n] oyf]lrt tna kfpg'k5{
/ pgLx¿nfO{ /fd|f] u/]sf] cfwf/df d"Nofª\sg /
k'/:s[t ul/g'k5{ .
;fdflhs / efjgfTds cfjZostf
kl/k"lt{
- ljBfnon] ljBfyL{x¿sf] ;fdflhs
/ efjgfTds cfjZostfx¿ k"/f ug}{ kb{5 . b'MvL
/ pk]lIft afnsn] k9\g ;Sb}g .
- ljBfnon] lzIfsx¿nfO{ tflnd
lbg'k5{ . sIffsf]7fleq o:tf] sfo{ k|lzlIft lzIfsx¿af6
/ sIffsf]7f aflx/ afnaflnsfx¿sf cfˆgf ¿lrx¿df
cEof; ug]{ df}sf lbg] vfnsf ;d"xut Snax¿af6 ug{ ;lsG5 .
- cleefjsx¿n] ljBfno cfP/
lzIfs cyjf k|zf;gsf dflg;x¿nfO{ e]6L cfˆgf lrGtf÷rf;f]x¿
eGg] df}sf kfpg'k5{ .
- sIffsf]7fleq / aflx/ b'j} 7fpFdf
;a} afn–aflnsfx¿nfO{ ;Ddfgk"j{s Jojxf/ ul/g'k5{
/ pgLx¿nfO{ ;dfg cj;/x¿ lbOg'kb{5 . sltko ljBfnox¿n]
…/fd|fÚ ljBfyL{x¿k|lt dfq Wofg lbg] u/]sf]
b]lvG5 h;n] ubf{ cf};t ljBfyL{x¿ kl5 k/]sf] k¥o} x'ghfG5g\ .
cg's"n jftfj/0f
- ljBfnosf sd{rf/L, ljBfyL{ / cleefjsx¿n]
cfˆgf] efjgf JoQm ug{ kfOG5 / cfˆgf s'/fx¿sf]
;'g'jfO{ x'G5 eGg] efjgf /fv]sf] x'g'kb{5 .
- lzIfsx¿sf ;fdflhs / efjgfTds
cfjZostfnfO{ x]g'{kb{5 h;n] ubf{ pgLx¿n] afnaflnsfsf lxtdf
dg}b]lv sfd ug{ ;s"g\ .
- lzIfs / k|zf;gsf sd{rf/Lx¿aLr
Psfk;df afl‰g] kl/l:ylt x'g'x'Fb}g / :s"nsf] nIo kl/k"lt{
ug{sf nflu logLx¿n] ldn]/ sfd ug{'k5{ .
- ljBfnodf lzIfs÷sd{rf/Lx¿sf
nflu cgf}krfl/s ¿kdf e]63f6÷hd36 ug]{ / P]Soj4tfsf]
ljsf; ug]{ cj;/ x'g'kb{5 .
kf7Øqmd
- s'g} klg b]zsf] kf7Øqmdn]
lzIffsf nflu dfkb08 tf]s]sf] x'G5 . ;a} ljBfnox¿ kf7Øqmdl;t
kl/lrt x'g'kb{5 / tf]lsPsf] dfkb08 kl/k"lt{ ug{sf nflu ljBfnon]
sfd ul//x]sf] s'/f ;'lglZrt ug'{kb{5 .
- kf7Øqmd s'g} Pp6f lstfadf
¿kfGtl/t x'g g;Sg] eP tfklg kf7ØqmdnfO{ cfwf/ agfO{
afns]lGb|t tl/sfaf6 cfkm}Fn] k|efjsf/L lzIf0fsf ;|f]tx¿
ljsf; ug]{ u/L lzIfsx¿nfO{ k|lzlIft ug{ ;Sg'k5{ .
- kf7Øk':tsdf dfq} cfwfl/t–l;sfOn]
afn–aflnsfx¿sf] pGglt / ljsf;df afwf k'¥ofO/x]sf]
5 . afnaflnsfx¿n] 3f]s]sf] s'/fx¿nfO{ k/LIffdf
/fd|/L n]Vg ;S5g\, t/ To;af6 pgLx¿sf] ;Lksf] eg] ljsf;
x'Fb}g . ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ cg';Gwfg ug]{ / s'g} ljifosf]
af/]df c‰ a9L vf]hlag ug]{ df}sf lbPdf pgLx¿sf] 1fg÷a'‰fO
;d;fdlos tyf ;fGble{s x'g hfG5 / l;Sg'kg]{ s'/fx¿ w]/}
/x]5g\ egL pgLx¿ cWo]tf aGg k'Ub5g\ .
- xfdL ;"rgfsf] o'udf /x]sf
5f}F, ;f]xL o'u ;'xfpFbf] lzIff lbg' kb{5 . cf}Bf]lus o'usf]
lzIffn] xfd|f afnaflnsfx¿nfO{ clxn]sf] e"d08nLo cy{
Joj:yfdf afFRgsf nflu rflxg] ;Lkx¿ pknAw u/fpg ;lsFb}g
/ pgLx¿nfO{ k5fl8 kfb{5 .
- pTs[i6 lzIffsf nflu ;ª\3if{/t
ljBfnox¿n] ljZj:t/Lo lzIff lbg'kb{5 tfls afnaflnsfx¿
ljZjel/ /xg] cfˆgf ;dsfnLgx¿;Fu ;dfgfGt/ ¿kdf
cufl8 hfg ;s"g\ .
- ljBfnosf] d"Nofª\sg >L
% sf] s;/sf/af6 lgwf{l/t lzIffsf] nIonfO{ kl/k"lt{ ug]{ s'/fdf
cfwfl/t x'g'kb{5 .
;'ljwfx¿
af}l4s ljsf;afx]s afnaflnsfx¿sf] ;fdflhs, efjgfTds, zf/Ll/s
/ eflifs Ifdtf clej[l4 ug{sf nflu u'0f:t/Lo ljBfnosf nflu lgDg cTofjZos
;'ljwfx¿ rflxG5g\ . s] ljBfnodf tn pNn]lvt ;'ljwfx¿
plrt / kof{Kt dfqfdf k|fKt x'g ;s]sf 5g\ <
- s] ljBfnodf cy{k"0f{÷pkof]uL
k':tsx¿ /flvPsf] k':tsfno 5 < s] afnaflnsfx¿n]
tL k':tsx¿nfO{ 3/ nu]/ k9\g kfpF5g\ <
- s] ljleGg ljifox¿ h:t},
lj1fg, sDKo'6/ lzIf0fsf nflu k|of]uzfnf /x]sf 5g\ <
- s] ljBfnodf gf6s d~rg / v]ns'bsf
;'ljwfx¿ /x]sf 5g\ <
- s] afnaflnsfx¿nfO{ kf7Øqmdsf]
ljifoj:t'leq cWoog ed|0fsf nflu ljBfnoaflx/ nUg] ul/G5 <
s] pgLx¿n] ub}{ l;Sg] df}sf kfpF5g\ <
- s] dflyNnf sIffsf ljBfyL{x¿nfO{
b]zsf] ef}uf]lns ljljwtfaf/] hfGgsf nflu pgLx¿nfO{ b]zsf]
ljleGg efux¿sf] e|d0fdf nUg] ul/G5 < s] pgLx¿n]
b]zsf] j:t'l:ylt a'´g] df}sf kfPsf 5g\ <
- s] lghL ljBfnosf ljBfyL{x¿n]
cfk"mnfO{ ;'ljwf;DkGg / ;a} ;'ljwfx¿nfO{ cfˆgf]
xs 7fg]sf 5g\ < cyjf cfk"mnfO{ ;'ljwf;DkGg ePsf]df
efUozfnL 7fg]/ cGo ;d'bfosf] ljsf; / pTyfg ug'{ cfˆgf] st{Jo
/ lhDd]jf/L 7fGg] u/]sf 5g\ <
cGttf]uTjf ljBfnosf] d"Nofª\sg p;n] pTkfbg ug]{ ljBfyL{x¿af6
x'g'k5{ . k/LIffdf /fd|f] cª\s Nofpg' dfq dxŒjk"0f{
x'Fb}g . ljBfyL{x¿ :jfledfgL gful/s eP/ cfˆgf] b]zsf]
k|hftflGqs d"NodfGotfnfO{ slQsf] 6]jf k'¥ofpg ;S5g\ Tof]
dxŒjk"0f{ x'G5 . logLx¿ g} eljiosf cu'jfx¿
x'g\ / logLx¿nfO{ g} xfdLn] sNkgf u/]sf] eljiosf] g]kfn
agfpg ;Sg] Ifdtf lbg'k5{ .
klZrdL d'n'sx¿df ul/Psf] cg';Gwfg cg';f/ ljBfyL{sf] /fd|f]
z}lIfs Ifdtfsf sf/0fx¿df 3/sf] jftfj/0f %( k|ltzt, lzIfssf]
of]Uotf $# k|ltzt / ljBfyL{ ;ª\Vof * k|ltzt -Pp6f sIffdf
#) hgfeGbf sd_ lhDd]jf/ /x]sf] 5 . of] cfFs8fdf b]vfOP cg';f/sf]
pknlAw xfl;n ug{sf lglDt ;a} ljBfnox¿n] 3/df afnaflnsfx¿sf
nflu ;xof]uL jftfj/0f pknAw u/fpg cleefjs;Fu glhlsP/ pgLx¿l;t
;~rf/ sfod /fVg], lzIf0f tflnd ug]{ / sIffsf]7fdf lglZrt ljBfyL{–;ª\Vof
dfq} /fVg cToGt} h?/L x'G5 .
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