…o:tf] a]nf g]kfnsf] ;fy 5f]8\b}gf}FÚ – 8]le8 j'8

hfkfgkl5sf] bf];|f] 7"nf] bftf d'n's a]nfotn] g]kfnnfO{ lbFb} cfPsf] cg'bfg cfufdL tLg jif{df bf]Aa/ t'Nofpg] sfo{qmd agfPsf] 5 . a]nfot ;/sf/sf] cGt/f{li6«o ljsf; ljefu -8LPkmcfO{8L cyf{t\ …l8lkm8Ú_ n] g]kfndf xfn jflif{s ;fF9] b'O{ s/f]8 kfp08 -s/La ?= # ca{ $) s/f]8_ vr{ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . ;g\ @))& df of] /sd $ s/f]8 &) nfv kfp08 -s/La ?= ^ ca{ %) s/f]8_ k'Ug]5 . gfd}n] ljsf;;Fu ;DalGwt sfd ug]{ …l8lkm8Ú c;'/Iff / /fhgLlts cGof}nu|:t g]kfndf clxn] s] ul//x]sf] 5 < Toqf] ljsf; ah]6 sxfF s;/L vr{ ul//x]sf] 5 < zflGt;'/Iffsf] cefj / /fhgLlts cl:y/tfsf sf/0f sfd ug{ sl7g ePsf] egL y'k|} bftfx¿ v'lDrg yfn]sf] a]nfdf …l8lkm8Ún] g]kfnnfO{ lbg] ;xof]u ‰g\‰g\ lsg a9fpg vf]Hb}5 < Tolt dfq xf]Og, a]nfotsf] /Iff dGqfnodfkm{t\ ef}lts / g}lts ;xof]u Pj+ ;dy{g kfPsf g]kfnsf ;'/Iff lgsfosf sltko clwsf/Lx¿ …l8lkm8Úk|lt c;Gt'li6 k|s6 u5{g\, lsg < k|:t't 5Ù oL / o:t} k|Zgx¿df …l8lkm8Úsf g]kfn k|d'v 8]le8 j'8 ;Fu ul/Psf] nfdf] s'/fsfgLsf] ;+lIfKt ljj/0fM

/fhgLlts cl:y/tfn] u|:t clxn]sf] cj:yfdf g]kfndf …l8lkm8Ú s] ul//x]sf] 5 <
xfdL oxfF dflg;x¿sf] hLjgdf ;'wf/ Nofpg sfd ul//x]sf 5f}F . xfd|f tLg j6f k|d'v sfo{qmd 5g\ . klxnf]Ù ;/sf/sf] sfo{z}nLdf ;'wf/ Nofpg] sfo{qmd xf] . o;cGtu{t u/LaL Go"gLs/0f /0fgLlt, ;fj{hlgs cfly{s ;'wf/, c;kmn ;/sf/L ;+:yfgx¿sf] lghLs/0f cflb kb{5g\ . csf]{ sfo{qmddfkm{t\ xfdL åGå k|efljt If]qsf dflg;x¿nfO{ cfwf/e"t ;]jfx¿ k|bfg ub{5f}F . of] sfo{qmd k|foM kxf8L If]qdf nfu" ul/P klg t/fO{sf s]xL 7fpFdf klg sfof{Gjog ul/Psf] 5 . uPsf s]xL jif{x¿df xfdLn] %)) lsld nfdf] u|fdL0f ;8s agfO;s]sf 5f}F . xfdLn] gjhft lzz' Pj+ dft[:ofxf/sf nflu gf} j6f lhNnfx¿df cfsl:ds ;]jfx¿ ;~rfng u/]sf 5f}F . To:t} uPsf b'O{ jif{df xfdLn] $)) j6f ;fd'bflos k'n agfPsf 5f}F . xfdLn] krf; xhf/ dflg;x¿sf nflu k|f}9 lzIffsf] sfo{qmd ;~rfng u/]sf 5f}F . oL sfdx¿d} xfd|f] ;a}eGbf a9L ah]6 vr{ ePsf] 5 . xfd|f] sfo{qmdsf] t];|f] efu zflGt :yfkgf;Fu ;DalGwt 5 . o; cGtu{t xfdLn] g]kfnLx¿nfO{ cGt/f{li6«o hutdf ePsf åGå lgjf/0f ;DaGwL cg'ej / hfgsf/L pknAw u/fpF5f}F . xfdLn] dflg;x¿nfO{ To;} qmddf >LnÍf, pQ/L cfo/Nof08 nu]sf 5f}F . xfdL dfgjclwsf/sf] If]qdf klg sfo{/t 5f}F .

bftfx¿sf clwsf+z ;xof]u sf7df8f}F pkTosfd} ;Lldt ePsf] b]lvPsf] 5 . l8lkm8sf] rflxF slt /sd aflx/ lhNnfdf k'Ug;s]sf] 5 <
xfd|f] ah]6sf] s/La ;Q/L k|ltzt aflx/ lhNnfx¿df vr{ x'g] u/]sf] 5 .

l8lkm8n] sfd ug]{ s'g} lglZrt ef}uf]lns If]q 5 <
xfd|f sfdx¿ a9L dWoklZrd / ;'b"/klZrd If]qdf s]lGb|t 5g\ .

dfcf]jfbLx¿n] tkfOFx¿sf sfddf s'g} afwf k'¥ofPsf 5}gg\ <
s}of}F 36gfx¿ ePsf 5g\, h;df xfd|f sfo{qmdx¿ dfcf]jfbL ljb|f]xLåf/f k|efljt 5g\ . b}n]vdf To:tf] 36gf ePs} sf/0f xfdLn] ToxfFsf] sfo{qmd /2 ug'{ k¥of] . t/ To:tf 7fpFaf6 sfo{qmd x6fpg xfdLnfO{ ;fx|} ufx|f] x'G5 . lsgeg] xfdLnfO{ yfxf 5 xfd|f sfo{qmd :yfgLo afl;Gbfx¿sf nflu slt pkof]uL x'G5g\ eGg] s'/f . xfdL s'g} klg /fhgLlts bnnfO{ cfly{s ;xof]u lbFb}gf}F . xfdL xfd|f uf8Lx¿df s'g} klg kIfsf] o'lgkmd{ nufPsf dflg;x¿nfO{ r9fpFb}gf}F . xfdLn] cfˆgf sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ lglZrt dfu{bz{gx¿ tof/ kf/]sf 5f}F .

kfFr jif{cl3 z'? u/]sf sfo{qmdx¿n] s]xL pknlAw lbg] a]nf t eof] lg Û
xfd|f] sfo{qmdaf6 s}of}F dxŒjk"0f{ pknlAw k|fKt eO;s]sf 5g\ . :yfgLo afl;Gbfsf nflu pknAw u/fOPsf ef}lts k"jf{wf/ Pj+ ;]jfx¿sf af/] t d}n] dfly g} atfO;s]F . ;'wf/tkm{, ;/sf/;Fu ldn]/ tof/ kfl/Psf] u/LaL Go"gLs/0f /0fgLlt lgs} 7"nf] pknlAw xf] . To:t} ;/sf/n] nfu" u/]sf] dWod cjlwsf] ah]6 vr{ sfo{qmd klg l8lkm8n] cl3;f/]sf] ljrf/ lyof] .

jt{dfg hl6n cj:yfdf oL sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog ug{ slQsf] ;lhnf] 5 <
;g\ !((^ kl5sf] g]kfnnfO{ rflxg] ljsf; df]8n To;cl3sf] eGbf km/s x'g'k5{ . () sf] bzslt/ clwsf+z ljsf;sf ultljlwx¿ sf7df8f}F / cGo 7"nf zx/x¿df s]lGb|t lyP . g]kfndf Toltv]/ cfly{s j[l4b/ w]/} /fd|f] lyof] t/ Tolt g} v]/ wgL / u/LaaLrsf] b"/L klg lgs} a9\b} uO/x]sf] lyof], h'g Hofb} g} vt/gfs lyof] . Tolta]nf a9\bf] c;dfgtfdfly Tolt Wofg lbOPsf] b]lvPg . gt ljsf;df nfu]sf ;+:yfx¿n] To;tkm{ Wofg lbPsf kfOof] . xf], /fhdfu{, ljZjljBfno, sn]hx¿ Toltv]/ ag] t/ c;dfgtf eg] a9\b} uof] . To;} sf/0fn] g]kfnnfO{ clxn] Pp6f gofF ljsf; df]8n rflxPsf] xf] . Tof] df]8n eg]sf] ;xof]usf sfo{qmx¿nfO{ u|dL0f If]qd} k'¥ofP/ ;fdflhs Gofo ug'{ / e]befj h:tf s'/fx¿ 36fpg' xf] . xfdL clxn] To;} lbzftkm{ nfu]sf 5f}F .

:yfgLo lgsfox¿ gePsf / dfcf]jfbL ;d:of a9]sf] xfnsf] cj:yfdf ufpFdf sfd ubf{ klxn]sf] eGbf s] km/s kfpg'eof] <
:yfgLo lgsfox¿sf] ;dofjlw ga9fOPsf]df xfdLn] Tolta]nf g} lj/f]w u/]sf lyof}F . tL lgsfo gePsf] cj:yfdf :yfgLo ;/sf/sf] k|ltlglwsf] cefj v8\lsG5 g} . tL gePsf] x'gfn] ljsf; of]hgf agfpg jf ljsf;sf sfdx¿df ;+of]hg ug{ ToxfF xfdLnfO{ ;xof]u ug]{ sf]xL klg 5}g . To:t} b'u{d 7fpFsf dflg;nfO{ cfwf/e"t ;]jf k'¥ofpg] xfd|f] k|of;df ;3fpg] klg sf]xL 5}gg\ . To;n] ubf{ xfdLnfO{ vf; u/Lax¿;Dd k'Ug yk ufx|f] ePsf] 5 . t/ åGå/t If]qdf ljsf;sf leGb} lsl;dsf sfdx¿ ug{ ;lsG5 . dfcf]jfbL k|efljt If]qdf clxn] dflg;x¿n] k|ToIf ¿kdf b]Vg / cg'ej ug{ ;Sg] vfnsf ljsf;sf sfdx¿ ug{ ;lsG5 . :s"nsf] 5t, kmlg{r/, cf}iflw h:tf cfjZos s'/fx¿ ;f]‰} ;d'bfox¿nfO{ lbg ;lsG5 . t/ ;fdflhs kl/rfng ug{ lgs} ufx|f] 5, lsgeg] ;f] sfd dfcf]jfbL kIfn] xfn cfkm}Fn] ul//x]sf] 5 . /, pgLx¿ pQm sfd pgLx¿s} xf] egL 7fG5g\ .

s]xL bft[ ;+:yfx¿ ljsf; sfo{df dfcf]jfbL ljb|f]xLx¿nfO{ klg ;dfj]z u/fpg] kIfdf b]lvG5g\ lg <
t/ d}n] To:tf] ;'g]sf] 5}g . xf], sfo{qmddf kf/blz{tf kSs} rflxG5 . sfd–sfo{qmdx¿ h; s;}af6 klg hfFrsf nflu v'Nnf x'g'k5{ . gq eg] sfd ug{ ;lsGg . d]/f] ljrf/df To:tf 7fpFx¿df sfd ubf{ dfcf]jfbL kIfsf] ;xdlt kSs} rflxG5 .

tkfO{Fn] g]kfnsf] clxn]sf] ;du| l:yltnfO{ s;/L x]l//xg'ePsf] 5 <
lrGtf lgs} a9]sf] 5 . To;sf] sf/0fÙ hf/L /x]sf] åGå, v:sFb} uPsf] cfly{s l:ylt, dflg;x¿sf] afWotfjz ef/t k|j]z / a9\bf] u/LaL x'g\ .

g]kfnsf] cj:yf hl6n aGb}5, t/ tkfOFx¿ oxfF ug]{ vr{ a9fpFb} x'g'x'G5, cfˆgf sfo{qmd s;/L sfof{Gjog u5'{ eGg] nfu]sf] 5 <
clxn];Dd sfd ug{ ;s]sfn] xfdLnfO{ xfd|f yk sfo{qmdx¿ klg sfof{Gjog ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] nfu]sf] xf] . d eljiojf0fL g} rflxF ug{ ;lQmgF . eljiodf xfd|f sfo{qmdnfO{ lbuf] ¿kdf nUg g;lsPnf klg . t/ clxn];Dd sfd ug{ ;Dej eO{ g} /x]sf] 5 . To;}n] xfdLn] xfd|f] ;xof]u sfo{qmd !((( sf] eGbf bf]Aa/ agfPsf 5f}F . xfdL cfkm"n] 5'6\ofPsf] ;a} /sd vr{ ug{ ;kmn ePsf 5f}F . g]kfn clxn] lgs} 7"nf] ;d:ofdf 5 . /, of] ;dodf ljsf; sfo{df nfu]sf ;+:yfx¿n] g]kfnsf] ;fy 5f]8\g'x'Fb}g . xfdLnfO{ xfd|f sfo{qmdx¿ 5f]8\g afWo t'NofOof] eg] dfq xfdL hfg]5f}F . gq xfdL u/Lax¿sf] pTyfgsf] lglDt sfd ul//xg]5f}F .

dfcf]jfbL ;d:ofn] l8lkm8sf sfo{qmdx¿nfO{ gsf/fTds c;/ kf/]s} 5}gg\ t <
xfdLn] sfd u/]sf k|foMh;f] lhNnfx¿df xfd|f sfo{qmdx¿ rlng} /x]sf 5g\ . t/ ufx|f] eg] kSs} x'Fb} uPsf] 5 . Pp6f lhNnfdf xfdLn] sfd /2 u¥of}F . /, slxn]sfxLF cGo lhNnfx¿df klg :yfgLo txdf sfd /2 ug'{kg]{ kl/l:ylt cfOk5{ .

…l8lkm8Ú dfcf]jfbLk|lt g/d 5 eGg] cf/f]k klg nfu]sf] 5 lg Û To;} eP/ tkfOFx¿nfO{ dfcf]jfbL k|efljt 7fpFdf klg sfd hf/L /fVg ;Dej ePsf] xf] ls <
l8lkm8n] w]/} b'u{d Pj+ åGåaf6 k|efljt lhNnfx¿df sfd ul//x]sf]n] s;}s;}nfO{ To:tf] zÍf nfu]sf] xf]nf . jf:tjdf, cGo s]xL ljsf; sfo{df nfu]sf ;+:yfx¿n] klg xfdLn] h:t} sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ . t/ d s] k|:6 kfg{ rfxG5' eg] l8lkm8sf] dfcf]jfbL kIf;Fu s'g} klg k|sf/sf] ;D‰f}tf jf ;d‰bf/L ePsf] 5}g . xfdLn] sfd ug{ ;s]sf] Pp6} sf/0fÙ xfd|f] kl/jlt{t z}nL xf] . xfdLdfly zÍfsf] csf]{ sf/0f xfd|f] k|hftGq, dfgjclwsf/ / ljsf;dflysf] ljZjf; klg x'g;S5 . s]xL dflg;x¿nfO{ dfgjclwsf/sf af/] c8fg lng] ;+:yfx¿ dg kb}{gg\ . /fhgLltdf w|'jLs/0f eO/x]sf] clxn]sf] l:yltdf l8lkm8h:tf] lgsfodfly kSs} klg zÍf p7\g ;Sb5 .

To:tf] cf/f]k k|foM ;'/Iff lgsfox¿af6 cfpg] u/]sf] b]lvG5 . l8lkm8k|lt lsg To:tf] wf/0ff ePsf] xf]nf ltgLx¿sf] <
xfd|f] ;'/Iff anx¿;Fu s'g} k|sf/sf] ;Dks{ geP/ klg To;f] ePsf] x'g ;S5 . xfdLn] ug]{ u/]sf sfdx¿sf af/] k"0f{ ¿kdf ga'l‰Psf] klg x'g ;S5 . t/ clxn]sf] cj:yfdf ljsf;sf] vfFrf] ;a}n] a'´g'kg]{ s'/f] xf] . of] åGå ;dfwfg ug]{ Pp6f pkfo xf] . l8lkm8dfly zÍf JoQm ul/Psf] af/] ls6fg;fy t d s]xL l6Kk0fL ug{ ;lQmgFÙ lsgeg] pgLx¿n] d;Fu To:tf] eg]sf 5}gg\ . d}n] To;af/] tkfO{+s} klqsfdf k9]sf] lyPF .