gjf}F ;fkm
v]nsa'b
w]/} ck]Iff 5}g
;':t tof/L, sdhf]/ k|lzIf0f / a;÷/]n–ofqfsf]
k6\of/nfUbf] cg'ej ;Fufn]/ gjf}F ;fkmdf ;xefuL x'g O:nfdfjfb k'u]sf
g]kfnL v]nf8Lx¿af6 cf7f}F ;fkmsf] h:t} k|bz{gsf] ck]Iff ug'{
plrt gxf]nf .
• d's'n
x'dfufOF
bz/y /Ëzfnfdf cEof;/t t]SjfGbf] v]nf8Lx¿ . |
ljZj v]ns'bdf vf;} dxŒj gkfPsf]
blIf0f PlzofnL v]ns'b -;fkm v]ns'b_sf] ;fs{ d'n'sx¿df ljz]if
dxŒj 5 . g]kfnL v]nf8Lx¿sf nflu of] ‰g} dxŒjk"0f{
5, lsgls cGo cGt/f{li6«o k|ltof]lutfx¿sf] t'ngfdf ;fkm
v]ns'bdf pgLx¿n] kbs a6'Ng] a9L ;Defjgf /xG5 . t/ g]kfnL
v]nf8Lx¿sf] b'ef{Uo, gjf}F ;fkmsf] k"j{–;GWofdf
g]kfnL v]nkbflwsf/Lx¿ Totflt/ uDeL/ b]lvPgg\ . g t tof/Ldf
uDeL/tf b]vfOof] g v]nf8Lx¿nfO{ ;'ljwfhgs tl/sfn] O:nfdfjfb
k'¥ofOof] .
/fli6«o v]ns'b kl/ifb -/fv]k_
/ g]kfn cf]nlDks sld6L -Pgcf];L_ sf] ljjfbn] g/fd|/L k|efljt kf/]sf]
gjf}F ;fkmsf] tof/LnfO{ x]bf{ s;}n] klg g]kfnaf6 :t/Lo k|bz{gsf]
ck]Iff /fv]sf 5}gg\ . Ps dlxgf cl3;Dd v]nf8Lx¿ ;fkmdf
efu lng kfOg]÷gkfOg] bf]wf/df lyP . kmfu'gsf] t];|f]
;ftf ;/sf/n] ;fkmdf g]kfnL ;xeflutfsf lglDt Pgcf];LnfO{ cf}krfl/s
dfGotf lbPkl5 dfq ;fkmsf] tof/Ln] jf:tljs ult lnPsf] lyof] clg @&
kmfu'gdf dfq} v]nf8Lx¿sf] gfd k7fpg] sfd ul/of] .
bl/b| tof/L
g]kfnn] cf7f}F ;fkmdf kfPsf] ;kmntfsf k5fl8 s/La ^ dlxgf nfdf] tof/L
/ k|lzIf0fsf] pNn]Vo e"ldsf lyof] . t/, gjf}F ;fkmsf nflu
w]/} v]nsf aGb k|lzIf0f x'g ;s]gg\, h] hlt eP, ‰f/f 6fg]{
tl/sfn] dfq eP . g]kfnn] k|lt:kwf{ ug]{ clwsf+z v]nsf nflu
v]nf8Lx¿sf] 5gf]6 Ps dlxgfcl3 cyf{t\ kmfu'gdf dfq eof] .
kmfu'gdf /fli6«o k|ltof]lutfsf] cfof]hgf u/L
gjf}F ;fkmsf nflu ;ft hgf s':tL v]nf8Lx¿sf] 5gf}6 ul/of] .
;'l6ª\sf v]nf8Lx¿n] !) jif{ k'/fgf] aGb'ssf] e/df gjf}F
;fkmsf] tof/L ug'{ k¥of] . k|ltof]lutfk"j{sf] s/La
!%–@) lbg s]xL v]nsf v]nf8Lx¿n] ef/tsf] kl6ofnfdf cEof;
ug{ kfP . s':tLsf v]nf8Lx¿n] klg kl6ofnfdf tLgxKt] k|lzIf0fsf]
;f}efUo kfP . o;cl3 kf}8Lsf] k|lzIf0f ( k';b]lv dfq} z'? ul/Psf]
lyof] . t/ hf8f] ;dodf …lxl6ª l;:6dÚsf] k'n
/fv]k;Fu gx'Fbf v]nf8Lx¿n] s'08lngL x]Ny Snadf ;Lldt ¿kdf
k|lzIf0f u/L lrQ a'‰fpg' k¥of] .
v]nf8LnfO{ a;, kbflwsf/LnfO{ hxfh Û
;fkm v]ns'b xf];\ of PlzofnL v]ns'b, g]kfnL v]n kbflwsf/Lx¿sf
nflu o:tf k|ltof]lutfx¿ …l;Q}Fsf] ljb]z zo/Ú
sf ¿kdf /xg] u/]sf 5g\ . cfjZostfeGbf a9L kbflwsf/L
hfg] rng k'/fg} xf] . gjf}F ;fkmsf] syf klg nueu To:t} 5 .
!%# v]nf8L., @* k|lzIfs÷Joj:yfks;lxt @#* hgfsf] g]kfnL 6f]nL
O:nfdfjfb k'u]sf] 5 . To;df /fv]ksf rf/ ;b:o / !@ sd{rf/L O:nfdfjfb
hfg] 6f]nLdf k/]sf 5g\ .
 |
;a}eGbf b'MvnfUbf] s'/f, g]kfnL v]n kbflwsf/Lx¿n]
v]nf8Lx¿nfO{ …bf];|f] bhf{sf gful/sÚ ;/xsf]
Jojxf/ ub}{ :yndfu{af6 O:nfdfjfb k7fP . g]kfnL v]nf8Lx¿n]
of] h:tf] ckdfg ;fob} ef]Ug' k/]sf] lyof] . sf7df8f}Faf6 e}/xjf
xF'b} ef/tsf] uf]/vk'/;Dd a;df clg ToxfFaf6 lbNnL, cd[t;/;Dd /]nsf]
ofqf ub}{ g]kfnL v]nf8Lx¿ kfls:tfg k'u]sf lyP . !@ r}tdf
e}/xjfaf6 tLg 306fsf] a;ofqfkl5 uf]/vk'/ k'u]sf kf}8L, elnan / t]SjfGbf]
v]nf8Lx¿sf] ;f]xL lbg a]n'sf &M#) ah]sf] zxLb PS;k|];
6«]gaf6 jf3f x'Fb} nfxf]/ k|:yfg ug]{ sfo{qmd lyof] .
t/ /]n ;dodf gcfOlbFbf pgLx¿n] /fte/ /]Nj] :6];gdf ef}tfl/Fb}
/ft sf6\g' k¥of] .
t/ /fv]ksf ;b:o;lrj, pkfWoIf, sf]iffWoIf, rf/ ;b:o
/ Pgcf];Lsf kbflwsf/Lx¿ eg] xjfO{hxfhaf6} O:nfdfjfb k'u]sf
5g\ . /fi6«sf] k|ltlglwTj ug]{ v]nf8Lx¿nfO{ a;
/ /]ndf sf]r]/ k7fOg'n] /fv]k / Pgcf];L v]nf8Lx¿k|lt slt
;+j]bgzLn 5g\, k|:6} b]vfPsf] 5 . v]n kbflwsf/Lx¿n]
6f]nLsf] ;ª\Vof 36fP/ klg v]nf8Lx¿nfO{ hxfhaf6 p8fpg
;Sy] t/ To;sf] rf;f] s;}n] lnPg . /fv]k / Pgcf];LaLr tfnd]n
gldNbf !) r}tdf laxfg} O:nfdfjfb k|:yfg ug]{ ;'l6ªsf v]nf8Lx¿
Plqml8P;g sf8{sf] kvf{Odf ( r}tsf] /flt;Dd /fv]k kl/;/df 3'ld/x]sf
e]l6Psf lyP .
cfzf t]SjfGbf] / s/fFt]df
gjf}F ;fkmdf g]kfnn] :j0f{ kbssf] ck]Iff /fv]sf v]nx¿ x'g\,
sF/ft] / t]SjfGbf] . oL v]ndf g]kfnsf] bjbjf / cf7f}F ;fkmdf
oL v]ndf @* :j0f{ kfPsf] cg'ejn] klg g]kfnL v]nkbflwsf/Lx¿df
Tof] cfzf hufOlbPsf] xf] . t/ cl3Nnf] ;fkmdf h:tf] k|bz{g bf]xf]¥ofpg
o;kN6 ;lhnf] 5}g . oL v]nsf dlxnftkm{sf s]xL :kwf{x¿
cfof]hsx¿n] s6f}tL u/]sfn] klg g]kfnnfO{ 3f6f k/]sf] 5 .
oxL k';df /fli6«o t]SjfGbf] k|ltof]lutfdfkm{t\
* k'?if tyf # dlxnf u/L hDdf !! t]SjfGbf] v]nf8L ;fkmsf nflu 5gf}6
ul/Psf] lyof] . t/ /fv]kn] tL v]nf8Lx¿nfO{ aGb k|lzIf0f
lbg ;s]g, v]nf8Lx¿n] cfˆg} kxndf tof/L u/]sf lyP .
gjf}F ;fkmdf ut ;fkmsf :j0f{ kbs ljh]tfx¿ bLks lai6, ;ËLgf
j}B, /]g'sf du/ k'gM ;xeflutf hgfpb}5g\ . cg'ejL v]nf8Låo
;ËLgf / bLksaf6 :j0f{sf] cfzf ug{ ;lsG5 . s/fFt]df g]kfnnfO{
kfls:tfgn] s8f r'gf}tL lbg] ljZjf; ul/Psf] 5 . kfls:tfgn] cfˆgf
v]nf8Lx¿nfO{ O/fgL k|lzIfsåf/f k|lzIf0f lbPsf] 5 .
To;f] t g]kfnL v]nf8Lx¿n] klg O/fgL k|lzIfsaf6} k|lzIf0f
lnPsf lyP . s/fFt] / t]SjfGbf]sf k|lzIfsx¿n] k|To]s
v]naf6 %÷% :j0f{sf] ck]Iff /fv]sf 5g\ .
k|lt:kwf{M t];|f] :yfgsf nflu
ef/f]Qf]ng, s':tL, ;'l6ª, Pyn]l6S;df g]kfnL v]nf8Laf6 :j0f{sf]
ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5}g . oL v]ndf g]kfnsf] k|lt:kwf{ t];|f] :yfgsf
nflu g} x'g]5 . Pyn]l6S;df :t/Lo k|bz{gsf] ck]Iff g t v]nf8LnfO{
5 g k|lzIfsnfO{ g} . k|lzIf0f cjlw Hofb} sd x'Fbf v]nf8Lsf]
…6fOldËÚdf ;'wf/ Nofpg ufx|f] ePsf] k|lzIfsx¿
atfpF5g\ . g]kfnn] %))) dL, #))) dL :6Lkn r]h / dlxnfsf] $
u'0ff !)) ld6/ l/n]df kbs kfpg] cfzf 5 . Pyn]l6S; k|lzIfs k'ik/fh
cf]‰f eG5g\, æ%))) dL /fh]Gb| e08f/L -x]= tl:a/_ sf]
…6fOldËÚ /fd|f] 5, xfdLn] o;df kbssf] ck]Iff u/]sf
5f}F .Æ
rf}yf] ;fkmb]lv s':tLdf k|lt:kwf{ u/]sf] g]kfnn] clxn];Dd
:j0f{ kbs lht]sf] 5}g . rf}yf] / ;ftf}F ;fkmdf wd{/fh ofbj
/ kf08j ofbjn] k|fKt u/]sf] /ht kbsx¿ g} of] v]ndf g]kfnsf]
pTs[i6 glthf xf] . kf}8Ldf g]kfnsf] k|bz{g slxNo} :t/Lo /x]g .
klxnf] ;fkmdf tLg sf:o kbs lht]sf] g]kfnn] cf7f}F ;fkm;Dd kv{g'
k¥of], csf]{ kbs lhTgnfO{ . o; k6s klg kbs lhTg] ;Defjgf
Go"g 5 . ef/f]Qf]ngdf /fs]z /l~ht / uf]kfnaxfb'/ >]i7
afx]s ;a} gofF cg'xf/ g} 5g\ .
v]nf8Lx¿nfO{ plrt k|lzIf0f / :t/Lo ofqfsf]
k|aGw ug{ g;Sg] g]kfnL v]nkbflwsf/Lx¿ cfZjf;g lbg eg] cufl8
b]lvP . s':tL ;+3n] gjf}F ;fkmdf :j0f{, /ht / sf:o kbs lht]df
qmdzM %, # / @ tf]nfsf] ;'gsf] l;qmL lbg] atfPsf] 5 eg] ;'l6ª
;+3n] ;'l6ªdf :j0f{ Nofpg]nfO{ ?=%) xhf/ gub k'/:sf/ lbg] 3f]if0ff
u/]sf] 5 . o:t} cfZjf;g afF8]sf] 5, elnan ;+3n] klg .
;'l6ª ;+3sf cWoIf lszf]/axfb'/ sfsL{n] v]nf8Lx¿sf] dgf]an
a9fpg o;f] ul/Psf] atfPsf 5g\ . …:j0f{ kbs lht]dfÚ
lbg] elgPsf o:tf k'/:sf/x¿ v]nf8Lx¿n] zfob} kfpnfg\ .
;'l6ª v]nf8Lsf nflu gofF aGb'ssf] Joj:yf ug{ g;Sg] ;+3n] ?=%)
xhf/ b]nf eg]/ cfzf ug'{ a9L g} xf]nf . To;f] t bz jif{ k'/fgf]
aGb'ssf e/df cEof; u/]sf ;'l6ª v]nf8Laf6 s;/L :j0f{sf] ck]Iff
/fVg ;lsPnf < To;sf] ;f6f] k|lzIf0f / tof/L :t/Lo agfOPsf] eP
glthf klg ToxL cg'?ksf] cfpg ;SYof] . v]nf8Lx¿n] klg
To:t} ck]Iff /fv]sf lyP .
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