;ª\If]k
/fHoljxLg ;Ldf gfsf
ltAat;Fu hf]l8Psf] bfr'{nfsf] clGtd gfsf lt+s/ . |
g]kfn–ef/t–rLg
lqb]zLo ;Ldf gfsf, bfr'{nfsf] lt+s/ / 5fË?–l;tfk'ndf
clxn] g]kfnL /fHo;+oGq pkl:yt 5}g . j}zfvb]lv d+l;/;Dd ToxfF
a;]/ lxpFb nfu]kl5 ;b/d'sfd vnËf ‰g]{ sd{rf/L / ;'/IffsdL{x¿
@)%* dª\l;/b]lv kms]{/ uPsf 5}gg\ . ‰08} c9fO jif{b]lv
lt+s/ / l;tfk'ndf ltAatL / ef/tLo k|zf;gsf] babaf 5 .
Aof; uflj;sf] 5fË?df /x]sf] ;Ldf k|zf;g sfof{no
/ lt+s/ tyf l;tfk'nsf ;Ldf k|x/L rf}sL cfpg] j}zfvdf klg v'Ng] 5fF6sfF6
5}g . bfr'{nfsf k|lhc s]zjk|;fb k'8f;}gL eG5g\, æd'n'ssf]
;'/Iffl:ylt ;'b[9 geP;Dd ToxfF k|x/L / k|zf;g k'g:yf{lkt ug{ ;lsg]
cj:yf 5}g .Æ lhNnf k|x/L sfof{nosf k|x/L gfoa pk/LIfs
df]xDdb hfj]b cVt/ ut ebf}df u:tLdf uPsf rf/ k|x/Lsf] xTof ePsf]
b[i6fGt lbFb} tTsfn lt+s/ / l;tfk'ndf k|x/L /fVg g;lsg] atfpF5g\ .
dfcf]jfbLsf] k|efj gePsf] dflgg] Aof;df of;f{u'Daf ;Íngstf{x¿;Fu
…s/Ú p7fpg uPsf dfcf]jfbLn] of] xTof u/]sf lyP .
lhNnf ;b/d'sfd vnËfb]lv dfly dxfsfnL lsgf/sf
5fk/L, a|Dxb]j, lkknrf}/L, x'tL, wf}nfsf]6, ;'g;]/f, /fKnf / Aof;
uflj;df c9fO{ jif{b]lv /fHosf] pkl:ylt 5}g . ptf ef/tn] dxfsfnLkfl/
wfr'{nfb]lv tfjf3f6, kfËnf, lhK6L, dfNkf, a'wL, uAof{Ë,
u'GhL, s'6L / sfnfkfgL;Dd ;]gf, :k];n ;lj{; Ao"/f], ef/t–ltAat
;Ldf ;'/Iffan / pQ/f~rn k'ln;sf !) j6f af]8{/ cfp6kf]i6 tyf SofDkx¿sf]
:yfkgf / !)–!) lsnf]ld6/sf] km/sdf ;Ldf ;'/Iffan t}gfy u/]sf]
5 . lt+s/af6 @! lsdL 6f9f tfSnfsf]6df ltAatL ;'/Iffan klg t}gfy
5 .
ef/ttkm{ ;'/Iffan / k|zf;gsf] ;zQm pkl:ylt ePsf]
cj:yfdf vnËf–lt+s/ v08df g]kfnn] klg ;]gf g} /fVg'kg]{
wf/0ff ;'/Iff clwsf/Lx¿sf] 5 . ut ebf}df ;'b"/klZrdf~rn
If]qLo k|zf;s;Fu} ef/tsf] af6f] dfg;/f]j/ ofqfdf uPsf k|lhc k'8f;}gLn]
vnËf–lt+s/ af6f]df ;'/Iffsf] lhDd]jf/L ;]gfnfO{ lbg'kg]{
cgf}krfl/s k|:tfj s]Gb|df k7fO;s]sf 5g\ . æTo; af6f]df
;]gf /fv]/ ;'/Iffsf ;fy} af6f] k'glg{df{0f u/] ;'/Iffl:ylt klg dha"t
x'g] / wfld{s, ko{6sLo tyf ;fdl/s dxŒjsf] klg ;+/If0f x'g]
lyof],Æ pgsf] syg 5 .
c9fO{ jif{b]lv ;b/d'sfd vnËfdf /x]sf] ;Ldf k|zf;g
sfof{no, Aof; . |
k"j{ lhlj; ;b:o gfu]Gb| lt+s/Ln] ;fdl/s dxŒjsf]
Aof;df k|x/L–k|zf;g gx'Fbf ef/tLo ;'/IffsdL{x¿af6 k|tfl8t
/ ckdflgt x'g' k/]sf] cg'ej u/]sf 5g\ . ;Ldf k|zf;g / ;'/Iff
lgsfosf] cefjdf eG;f/ / cfoft–lgof{t /fh:j c;'nL x'g;s]sf]
5}g . oL 7fpFaf6 s/f]8f}Fsf] of;f{u'Daf, jGohGt'sf 5fnf / sf7
rf]/Llgsf;L x'g] ub{5 .æk|x/L–k|zf;g 5Fbf t lgoGq0f
ug{ g;lsPsf] rf]/Llgsf;L clxn] ‰g\ a9]sf] ;'lgPsf] 5,Æ
vnËfdf a;]/ sfd ul//x]sf] ;Ldf k|zf;g sfof{no, Aof;sf k|d'v
kmls/l;+x wfdL atfpF5g\ .
k|zf;g / ;'/Iffn] dfq xf]Og, ef}uf]lns b[li6n] klg
of] If]q PlSnPsf] 5 . *$ lsdL nfdf] vnËf–lt+s/ k}bn
af6f] jiff{ofddf 7fpF–7fpFdf elTsPsf]n] clxn] g]kfn eP/ Aof;
hfg ;lsFb}g, ef/tsf] af6f] hfg'kb{5 . ef/ttkm{ wfr'{nfaf6 3§]au/;Dd
^) ls=dL=;Dd df]6/ rNg] ;8s 5 . g]kfntkm{ eg] 3f]8]6f] af6f]
k'glg{df{0f / dd{t ug{ ;/sf/n] @) jif{b]lv ljlgof]hg ub}{ cfPsf]
jflif{s ?=!) nfv klg @)$( ;fnb]lv s6f}tLdf k/]sf] 5 . To;otf
lhlj;sf] vr{df dd{t x'Fb} cfPsf] of] af6f] b'O{jif{b]lv a]jfl/;]
cj:yfdf 5 .
j}zfvdf dfl:t/ plSng] tof/L ul//x]sf Jof;af;Lx¿
ef/tsf] af6f] ;D‰]/ bf]wf/df 5g\ . eLd uAof{n eG5g\,
æ;a} ;fdfg pt} -ef/t_ af6 nfg'k5{, ;'/IffsdL{sf] ‰G‰6
vKg'k5{, v} o;kfln t Aof; plSnPnf h:tf] 5}g .Æ ef/tn]
vnËfsf] ;dfgfGt/ wfr'{nfaf6 $) lsdL 6f9f 5\ofn]sdflysf] If]qnfO{
…lgolGqt If]qÚ 3f]if0ff u/]/ g]kfnaf6 hfg] ofq'x¿n]
g]kfnL k|zf;gsf] l;kmfl/;df ef/tLo k|zf;gaf6 k|j]z kf; lng'kg]{
Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . t/ ef/tn] ut j}zfvb]lv ebf};Dd Jof;af;L ;f}sfx¿nfO{
afx]s c¿ s;}nfO{ dfly plSng glbPsf], dfg;/f]j/ hfg] tLg ;oeGbf
a9L ko{6s / Ps ;oeGbf a9L Jofkf/L wfr'{nfaf6} kms]{sf bfr'{nf pBf]uafl0fHo
;+3sf cWoIf cDafbQ kGt atfpF5g\ . ltAataf6 e]8f, Rofª\u|f,
h'Qf, Hofs]6 nufotsf ;fdfg Nofpg] / bfr'{nfaf6 u'8, ld>L, ;"tL{,
skmL tfSnfsf]6 n}hfg] u}/Aof;L Jofkf/Lx¿n] o; jif{ ;fdfg
cf];f/k;f/ ug{ kfPgg\ .
ef/tLo kIfn] dfcf]jfbL ultljlw a9]sf]n] u}/Aof;LnfO{
k|j]z glbPsf] atfPsf] 5 . t/ bfr'{nfsf Aofkf/Lx¿ eg]
ef/tn] ;Lldt g]kfnLnfO{ dfq Totf hfg lbP/ To; If]qsf] ;fdl/s dxŒjdfly
lgoGq0f ug{ vf]h]sf] cf/f]k nufpF5g\ . ef/tLo k|zf;gn] 5\ofn]sb]lv
dflysf] If]qdf :yfgLoafx]s c¿ ef/tLonfO{ klg k|j]z kf;sf]
Joj:yf u/]sf] 5, t/ o; jif{ dfg;/f]j/ ofqfdf hfg] ef/tLo ko{6sx¿nfO{
p;n] lgjf{w cg'dlt lbPsf] / g]kfnL ko{6sx¿nfO{ wfr'{nfaf6}
kmsf{Psf] bfr'{nf lhlj;sf k"j{ pk;efklt aL/axfb'/ 7s'Ggf atfpF5g\ .
• s0f{
af]x/f
;dlk{t lzIff;]jLsf] cj;fg
kmfb/
jfl6«g
-;g\ !(@!–@))$_ |
|
g]kfnsf] lzIffIf]qdf
pNn]Vo of]ubfg k'¥ofpg] kmfb/ o'lhg Pn jfl6«gsf] cj;fgkl5
pgLåf/f k|lzlIft Pp6f 7"n} ;d"xn] …k|]/0ff
;|f]tÚ u'dfPsf] 5 . !& kmfu'gdf *# jif{sf] pd]/df
nlntk'/sf] aL P08 aL c:ktfndf pgsf] lgwg ePsf] lyof] .
cd]l/sfsf] cf]xfof]df hlGdPsf kmfb/ jfl6«g
;g\ !(%% df uf]bfj/L :s"nsf] efO;–lk|lG;kn eP/ g]kfn
cfPsf lyP . To;kl5 g]kfnnfO{ g} cfˆgf] sd{e"ld agfPsf
jfl6«gn] ;]G6 h]leo;{ :s"nsf] lk|lG;kn / ;]G6 h]leo;{
sn]hsf] ;+:yfkssf ¿kdf d[To'ko{Gt g]kfnsf] lzIff ljsf;df
6]jf k'¥ofP . pgn] ljBfno lzIff k"/f u/]sf cfˆgf
r]nfr]nLx¿nfO{ ;Ël7t u/]/ ;dfh;]jfdf nufpg] p2]Zon]
uf]bfj/L cn'DgfO{ Pzf]l;Pzg :yfkgf ug'{sf ;fy} To;dfkm{t\ sf7df8f}F,
uf]Ëa"df ljBfno, :jf:Yorf}sL cflb agfpg] sfddf klg cfkm"nfO{
;dlk{t u/]sf lyP . ;dfh;]jf pgsf] JolQmTjsf] pNn]Vo kf6f] lyof]
eg] v]ns'b ?lrsf] If]q . pgL ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ klg cfkm"h:t}
ax'd'vL, ax'k|ltefo'Qm / x/]s b[li6n] ;Ifd gful/s aGg k|f]T;flxt
uy]{ .
cd]l/sL Sofyf]lns ;Dk|bfosf] k[i7e"ld af]s]
klg kmfb/ jfl6«gn] cfkm"nfO{ k"0f{tM g]kfnL ;D‰g
yfn]sf lyP . :jf:Yok|lt cToGt} ;r]t, ;w}F ;fOsndf ofqf ug{
?rfpg] oL lzIff;]jLn] g]kfnL 6f]kL nufpg slxNo} 5f]8]gg\ .
…d/]kl5 dnfO{ guf8\g", lxGb" ;+:sf/cg';f/ afUdtL
lsgf/df hnfpg"Ú eGg] pgsf] cfu|xaf6} pgsf] g]kfnk|]d
cg'dfg ug{ ;lsGYof] . ToxL OR5fcg';f/ 6]s"3f6df ePsf]
cGTo]li6df pgLåf/f bLlIft tyf k|]l/t g]kfnLx¿sf] 7"nf]
pkl:ylt lyof] .
t/ b'Mvsf] s'/f, cfkm"nfO{ k"0f{tM g]kfnL
;D‰g] / hLjge/ g]kfns} ;]jf ug]{ kmfb/ jfl6«gnfO{ ;/sf/n]
gful/stf;d]t lbPg . 5 dlxgfcl3 uf]/vf blIf0fafx' t];|f]åf/f
;Ddflgt x'g'afx]s pgn] ;/sf/L :t/af6 cf}krfl/s xf};nf / k|f]T;fxg
slxNo} kfPgg\ . t/, pgn] nufPsf] u'g g]kfn / g]kfnLsf nflu
;bf :d/0fof]Uo 5 . pgsf] of]ubfgnfO{ lr/:yfoL agfpg] p2]Zon]
z'e]R5'sx¿n] …kmfb/ jfl6«g :sn/zLk O08f]d]G6
km08Ú :yfkgf u/]sf 5g\ .
dw]zLjfbsf] jsfnt
hgsk'/df @
kmfu'gdf cfof]lht dw]zL /fli6«o ;Dd]ngsf] tof/L;DaGwL Pp6f
cGt/lqmof sfo{qmdsf s]xL ;xefuLn] ljBfyL{x¿n] rnfPsf] u0ftGqsf]
cfGbf]ngdf dw]zLx¿n] klg an k'¥ofpg'kg]{ s'/f p7fP eg]
s]xLn] …ho dw]z, ho g/]zÚsf] gf/f nufP . t/ b'j}yl/n]
h'g;'s} kf6L{df eP klg cfˆgf] cl:tTj /Iff, hftLo tyf eflifs
:jtGqtf / ;f+:s[lts ljsf;sf] nflu Psh'6 x'g dw]zLx¿nfO{ cfXjfg
u/]sf 5g\ .
w]/}h;f] d"nwf/sf /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿df g]t[Tjdf
7fpF gkfP/ lgliqmo /x]sf dw]zL g]tf, sfo{stf{x¿ hDdf ePsf
;f] e]nfdf k"j{dGqL tyf k|hftflGqs sfª\u|];sf hok|sfz
u'Ktf, Pdfn] g]tf ;LtfgGbg /fo, lht]Gb| b]j, k"j{ c~rnfwLz
tyf /fk|kf g]tf g/]Gb| rf}w/L, /fk|kf yfkf kIfsf /fdrGb| /fosf]
;lqmotf b]lvGYof] . /fo dw]zLsf ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ sf7df8f}Fdf
ul7t !)! ;b:oLo …dw]zL /fli6«o ;Dd]ng d"n tof/L
;ldltÚsf ;+of]hs x'g\ eg] cd/]zgf/fo0f ‰f ;lrj .
cGt/lqmofdf af]Nb} lht]Gb| b]jn] ax'bnLo Joj:yfsf
!@ jif{df /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿n] dw]zLsf ;d:ofdfly Wofg glbPsf]
/ dw]zLsf] xslxtdf af]Ng] ;b\efjgf kf6L{ 6'lqmPsf]n] gofF d~r cfjZos
ePsf] atfP . dw]zsf] ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] nflu dw]zLn] g} cfjfh
p7fpg'kg]{, dw]zLjfb g} rflxg] w]/}sf] /fo lyof] . sfo{qmddf
o:t} cGt/lqmof lj/f6gu/, /fhlj/fh, jL/u~h, g]kfnu~h / wgu9Ldf klg
u/]/ /fli6«o ;Dd]ng ug]{ / dw]zLsf ;d:ofaf/] Zj]tkq hf/L ug]{
atfOPsf] 5 .
g]kfnL sfª\u|];sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o 8f= /fdj/0f ofbjn]
o;nfO{ k|hftGq vf]:g] /fhfsf] sbdsf] ;j{q lj/f]w eO/x]sf] a]nf dw]zL
cfGbf]ng rsf{P/ k|ltudg lj/f]wL cfGbf]ng layf]Ng] k|of; eg]sf 5g\ .
æpgLx¿ b/af/sf cb[Zo zlQm x'g\ . )!& ;fndf
k|hftGq layf]Ng klg o;}u/L t/fO{ sfª\u|]; hGdfOPsf] lyof] .
dw]zLsf] xsclwsf/ k|hftGqdf dfq ;'/lIft /xG5Æ, pgL eG5g\ .
•
sdn ;fx
…bf]/Daf HofbtLÚ
sf] cw{:jLsf/f]lQm
l9n} eP klg ;sf/fTds
kftf s;]/ uf]nLM
bf]/Dafdf zfxL ;]gfsf] uf]nLaf6 dfl/Psf dfcf]jfbLsf /fd]5fk
hg;/sf/ k|d'v afa'/fd nfdfsf] zj . |
;ft dlxgfkl5 cfP/,
h]g]efdf ;o'Qm /fi6«;+3Lo dfgjclwsf/ cfof]usf] a}7s a:g] s]xL
lbgcl3 bf]/Daf 36gfsf af/] zfxL ;]gfn] cfˆgf] q'l6 :jLsf/ u/]sf]
5 . ;xfos /yL aLP s'df/ zdf{n] @* kmfu'gsf] kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf
eg] æs]xL le8Gtdf dfl/Psf x'g\, s]xLnfO{ ;'/IffsdL{n] lgoGq0fdf
lnPkl5 xTof u/]sf] kfOof], To;/L lgoGq0fdf cfPsf JolQm dfl/g' x'Fb}gYof] .Æ
…#@ ;fpg @)^) df bf]/Daf ufpF glhssf] 8fF8fs6]/L
eGg] kfvfdf !( hgf lgxTyf JolQmnfO{ glhsaf6 uf]nL rnfO{ df/]sf]Ú
lgisif{ /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]uåf/f v6fOPsf] cg';Gwfg
6f]nL -h;df k+lQmsf/ klg ;fd]n lyof]_ n] pltv]/} lgsfn]sf] lyof] .
;jf]{Rr cbfntsf k"j{ GofofwLz s[i0fhË /fodf‰Lsf]
g]t[Tjdf uPsf] ;f] 6f]nLn] k|ltj]bgdf n]v]sf] lyof], æ8fF8fs6]/Ldf
dfl/Psf d[tsx¿ /fhgLlts a}7ssf] ;Gbe{df kqmfp k/]sf] / b'O{xft
k5fl8 afFwL lxF8fP/ nfFb} ubf{ uf]/]6f]df nfOg nufO{ dfl/Psf] kfOof] .Æ
k"0f{ ¿kdf sAhfdf lnOPsf aGbLx¿sf]
o:tf] xTof cGt/f{li6«o dfgjLo sfg"g, g]kfn clw/fHosf]
;+ljwfg, ;}lgs P]g / k|x/L P]g ;d]t]sf] k|lts"n x'g uPsf] cg';Gwfg
;ldltsf] 7x/ lyof] . t/ ;]gfn] z'?b]lv g} pQm d/0f b'O{ 5'§f5'§}
le8Gtsf qmddf ePsf] bfaL u/]/ cg';Gwfg ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bgsf] ljZj;gLotf
dfly k|ZglrXg nufpFb} cfPsf] lyof] .
6f]nLsf] k|ltj]bgsf] cfwf/df pTkGg /fli6«o
/ cGt/f{li6«o bafa, zfxL ;]gf :jo+sf] 5lj wldlng] 8/ cflb
sf/0fn] ul/Psf] eP klg zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfn] clxn] cfP/ u/]sf] of]
:jLsf/f]lQmsf] eg] ;a}lt/ :jfut ePsf] 5 . t/ clxn];Dd k|fKt
hfgsf/L cg';f/ d]h/ /fddl0f kf]v/]nnfO{ dfq sfjf{xL ug]{ tof/L ePsf]
a'l‰Psf] 5, hals cg';Gwfgn] /fd]5fksf] ;'/Iff andf Ps jf PseGbf
a9L SofK6]g klg ePsf] / kfFr hgf hlt l;kfxLsf] aGb's k|xf/af6 tL
aGbLx¿ dfl/Psf] b]vfPsf] 5 . u7g ePsf] ;}lgs æsf]6{
ckm OGSjfO/LÆ slt kf/bzL{ x'G5 < cfb]z lbg] / cfb]z dfGg]
tx;Dd cg';Gwfg k'U5 k'Ub}g, x]g{ afFsL 5 . cGoq ‰}F cleo'QmnfO{
:jtGq ¿kdf k|ltjfbsf] df}sf lbOG5÷lbOFb}g < dfl/Psf
dWo] b'O{ u}/ dfcf]jfbL afa'5f]/f tyf afFsL dfcf]jfbLsf cfkmGtnfO{
Ifltk"lt{ lbOG5÷lbOFb}g, ca rf;f] /fVg'kg]{ ljifo ePsf]
5 .
/fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]un] kq k7fPsf bf]/Dafnufot
@) 7fpFsf o:tf 36gfdWo] zfxL ;]gfn] bf]/Daf / lr;fkfgL, vf]6fªsf
b'O{ j6f 36gfdf HofbtL ug{] ;}Go clwsf/Lx¿nfO{ dfq clxn];Dd
sf/afxL ug{] kxn u/]sf] 5 .
•
sgsdl0f bLlIft
b[li6xLgx¿sf] :s"n
;Í6df
;QfO; lhNnfsf
b[li6xLg afnaflnsfx¿ k9\g] w/fgl:yt k"jf{~rn 1fgrIf'
ljBfno cfly{s ;Í6df k/]sf] 5 . ;o hgfsf] Ifdtf eP klg
ah]6 / kf7\ok':tssf] cefjdf ljBfnon] &# eGbf a9L ljBfyL{ egf{
ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g .
lzIff kl/ifb\ / cGwfsNof0f ;+3n] lbFb} cfPsf ;xof]u
rf/ jif{b]lv aGb 5 . g]qxLg ;+3n] ;xof]u ug{ 5f]8]sf]n] ;a}
ljBfyL{nfO{ a|]nlnlk pknAw u/fpg ;lsPsf] 5}g . ;/sf/n] #% hgf
ljBfyL{sf] nflu dfq ah]6 lbg] u/]sf] 5 . ljleGg ;fdflhs ;+3;+:yf
/ Jofkf/Lx¿sf] ;xof]udf a8f] b'Mvn] ljBfno rnfpg' k/]sf]
k|wfgfWofks s]z/L yfkf atfpF5g\ .
*@ hgf a:g] cfjf;Lo ljBfnodf tLg j6f dfq wf/f 5g\ .
æcfFvf gb]Vg] ljBfyL{x¿ ;a} ‰'lDdFbf lgSs} ;d:of
k5{,Æ lzIfs xl/ zdf{ eG5g\ . lah'nLsf] xfnt klg To:t}
5 . æ;fF‰ kgf{;fy ef]N6]h 36\5, nfOg hfG5, h]g]/]6/–o'kLP;
s]xL 5}g,Æ k|wfgfWofks yfkf eG5g\ . ljBfnodf Ps uf]/vf
e"k" ;}lgssL >LdtLn] d]l8sn 6«i6 vf]lnlbPsL l5g\,
t/ To;n] dfq cf}iflw pkrf/ ;'ljwf k'u]]sf] 5}g .
lj=;+= @)#$ ;fndf :yfgLo ;dfh;]jL / Jofkf/Lx¿sf]
;xof]udf :yflkt o; ljBfnodf ‰fkfb]lv 8f]Nkf / afh'/f;Ddsf
b[li6xLg ljBfyL{x¿ k9\5g\ . afh'/fsf s]zj lai6 !) jif{b]lv
Psrf]l6 klg 3/ guOsg oxLF a;]/ k9\b}5g\ . pgLx¿ k9fOsf
cltl/Qm v]ns'b, x:tsnf ;fdu|L lgdf{0fdf klg ;+nUg /xG5g\ .
•
ch'{g pk|]tL
kfsf kqsf/sf] …af}nfxfÚ
of]hgf
g]kfn dfOqmf]Go"l6«P06 ;e{] !((* |
ænf}g xf],
x'Dnfdf aQL gafNg] <Æ, s;}nfO{ e]6\gf;fy kqsf/ e}/j
l/;fn eG5g\, æd;Fu Pp6f af}nfxf of]hgf 5, ;'Gg] xf] <Æ
kqsf/ l/;fn b'u{d / ljkGg lhNnf x'Dnfsf s/La ;ft xhf/
3/kl/jf/df tLg jif{leq ;f}o{ phf{df cfwfl/t lah'nL k'¥ofpg]
pbfx/0fLo cleofgdf nfu]sf 5g\ . pgL;Fu} of] cleofgdf ToxfFsf
lhlj; ;efklt hLjgaxfb'/ zfxL klg ;+nUg 5g\ .
;/sf/n] x'Dnfdf ljB'tLs/0fsf nflu nfu" u/]sf]
j}slNks phf{ sfo{qmdcGtu{t l;dLsf]6sf b'O{;o 3/kl/jf/n] ;f]nf/ Kofgnaf6
lah'nL afln;s] . pkef]Qmfn] cfˆgf] tkm{af6 ?=$ xhf/ xfNg]
xf] eg] ;f]nf/ Kofgn h8fg ug{ gk'u /sd ;/sf/n] pknJw u/fpF5 .
t/, clwsf+z x'DnL;Fu Ps}rf]l6 ?=$ xhf/ ltg]{ x}l;ot 5}g . kqsf/
l/;fnn] To:tf x'DnLx¿sf nflu bftfx¿af6 ;xof]u h'6fOlbg]
lhDdf lnP / of] cleofgsf] gfd h'/fP– …x'Dnfdf pHofnf]Ú .
pgsf] cleofgn] of] jif{ %), cfufdL jif{ kfFr ;o / ;g\ @))^ df kfFr
xhf/ x'DnL kl/jf/sf nflu ;f]nf/ Kofgnsf] Joj:yf ug]{ nIo /fv]sf]
5 . l/;fn eG5g\, æafFsL !$ ;o kl/jf/n] cfkm}F xfNg ;S5g\
eGg] xfd|f] cg'dfg 5 .Æ
kqsf/ l/;fn . |
oxL df3b]lv of] cleofgdf nfu]sf kqsf/ l/;fnn] ;xof]u
ug{ ;Sg] x}l;ot ePsf kl/lrtx¿nfO{ a}7seQf, ljb]z e|d0f, sfo{kqsf]
kfl/>lds h:tf cltl/Qm cfDbfgLaf6 ?=$ xhf/ 5'6\ofP/ ;xof]u ug{
cfu|x u/]sf / w]/}n] …uhasf] ljrf/Ú eGb} ;xof]u ug{
yfn]sf 5g\ . clxn];Dd ‰08} rf/ bh{g bftfx¿n] s/La
?=@ nfv h'6fOlbg] jrg lbO;s] . of] /sd x'Dnfsf %) 3/df ljh'nL
afNg kof{Kt x'G5 . s;}s;}n] cfˆgf] ;xof]udf aQL an]sf]
x'DnL 3/ b]vfpg 5f]/f5f]/LnfO{ lnP/ hfg] of]hgf klg agfpg yfln;s] .
l/;fnsf cg';f/, aQL an]sf] 3/df ;xof]uLsf] ;+lIfKt ljj/0f ;d]t /flvg]5 .
b'O{ dlxgfd} klxnf] jif{sf] nIo k"/f ul/;s]sf]
…x'Dnfdf pHofnf]Ú cleofgn] bf];|f] jif{sf] nflu ljb]zdf
a;]sf g]kfnLx¿af6 klg k|ltJolQm %* cd]l/sL 8n/ p7fpg] / t];|f]
jif{sf nflu JolQmut, ;+:yfut, :jb]zL, ljb]zL ;a} bftfx¿nfO{
cg'/f]w ug]{ of]hgf agfPsf] 5 .
eQmk'/df rGbfaf6} …a'xf/L 5fqj[lQÚ, …ljkGg
ljBfyL{nfO{ kf]zfsÚ h:tf ;fdflhs sfddf ;lqmo &^ jifL{o
kqsf/ e}/j l/;fn / pgsf ;xof]uLx¿sf] pHofnf] / pGgt x'Dnf
agfpg] cleofgdf ;xof]u ug{ rfxg]x¿sf nflu l/;fnsf] ;Dks{
kmf]gM )!–$@#@)%@ .
PsfPs lsg a9\b}5 d"No <
dLg ah|frfo{ |
g]skf dfcf]jfbLn]
/fhwfgL nufot clw/fHosf y'k|} lhNnf ;b/d'sfd / /fhdfu{x¿df
nufPsf] b'O{ ;ftf nfdf] gfsfaGbLsf] c;/ b]lvg afFsL 5Fb} vfB kbfy{
;d]t clwsf+z pkef]Uo a:t' / lgdf{0f ;fdu|Lx¿sf] ahf/ d"No
PsfPs cfsflzg yfn]sf] 5 . …a8{ ˆn"Ú
af6 g]kfndf Pp6} s'v'/f la/fdL gk/] klg ToxL lgxF'df /fhwfgLdf v;Lsf]
df;' k|lt s]hL ?= @%) sf] ;§f ?=#))–#%) df a]lrg yfn]sf]
5 . k'/fgf] lrgL :6sdf /x]sf] sf/0f b]vfP/ ldnx¿n] pv'sf]
d"No 36fPsf] b'O{ dlxgf glaTb} lrgLsf] efp ?=@^ af6 ?=#) k'u]sf]
5 . 8]9 b'O{ dlxgfcl3;Dd k|lt ln6/ ?=()–!)) df laSb}
cfPsf] tf]/Lsf] t]nsf] d"No ?=!#) ;Dd k'u]sf] 5 eg] e6df;sf]
t]n ?=&% af6 ?=() df plSnPsf] 5 . otf cfP/ ;a}eGbf rsf{]
d"Noj[l4 kmnfd] 58 nufotsf lgdf{0f ;fdu|Lx¿df ePsf]
5 . s]xL dlxgf cl3;Dd k|lt s]hL ?= #$ df kfOg] 58sf] d"No
clxn] ?=%% af6 psfnf] nfu]sf] 5, / of] d"Nodf klg ;xh} pknAw
5}g . To:t} ?=##) df kfOg] l;d]G6sf] d"No ?=#&) kg{
yfn]sf] 5 eg] pbok'/ / x]6f}F8f l;d]G6sf] cfk"lt{ l:y/ gePsf
sf/0f sfnf]ahf/df k|ltaf]/f ?=$#) ;Dd kg{ yfn]sf] 5 .
w]/} jif{kl5 o;/L pRr b/df d"No j[l4 ePsf] xf] .
vfg]t]n lgdf{0f ;fdu|L / cGo cfoftLt a:t'x¿sf] d"No
a9\g'sf] sf/0f ljZj ahf/df eO/x]sf] tL a:t'x¿sf] dfu, cfk"lt{
/ d"No ptf/–r9fjsf] c;/ xf] eg] t/sf/L nufotsf :yfgLo
pTkfbg dxFuf] x'g'df dfcf]jfbLsf] a9\bf] bafa / c;'/IffnfO{ lhDd]jf/
7flgPsf] 5 .
g]kfn £o", t]n pTkfbs ;+3sf k"j{ cWoIf
cfTdf/fd d'/f/sf klg, ljZj ahf/d} kfd cfon / ;f]oflag t]nsf] d"No
a9]sf sf/0f g]kfndf ltgsf] d"No a9]sf] atfpF5g\ . t/ yf]s
Jofkf/Lx¿ eg] ef/tn] g]kfnaf6 cfoft ug{] £o"sf]
sf]6fsf] ;dofjlw nDAofPkl5 £o"÷t]n b'j} pTkfbg
ug]{ ldnx¿n] t]n pTkfbg ug{ 5f]8]/ £o" dfq pTkfbg
ug{ yfn]sf sf/0f of] l:ylt cfPsf] atfpF5g\ . vfg] t]nsf pTkfbsx¿n]
…sf6]{lnªÚ u/L d"No j[l4 u/]sf] cf/f]k klg
yf]s laqm]tfx¿n] nufPsf 5g\ . gfd atfpg grfxg] Ps yf]s
Jofkf/Lsf cg';f/ kz'klt vfB, :jl:ts cfon, >L/fd l/kmfOg/L, cGgk"0f{
e]lh6]an tyf lzjzlQm £o" pBf]u ;+nUg …kf;f;Ú
gfds ;d"xn] …sf6]{lnªÚ ul//x]sf] 5 .
t/ d'/f/sf eg] kf;f; sRrf kbfy{ vl/bsf nflu dfq u7g ePsf] atfpF5g\ .
pgL eG5g\, æPp6} ldnn] % xhf/ d]l6«s 6g sRrf kbfy{ ;lxtsf]
l;Ë} hxfh dufpg g;Sg] x'gfn] ldn]/ sRrf kbfy{ cfoftsf nflu
dfq} kf;f;sf] u7g ul/Psf] xf] .Æ
•
ls/0f
kf]nkf]6 la;f{pg] aa{/tf
dfcf]jfbL ag]/
rf]/L, 8s}tL, anfTsf/ / ;'/fsL u/]sf], kf6L{sf g]tf–sfo{stf{sf]
xTof ug]{ of]hgf agfPsf] cflb cf/f]k nufP/ dfcf]jfbLn] cl3Nnf] Ps}
xKtfdf ;Kt/Ldf ;fthgfsf] aa{/ xTof u/]sf 5g\ . kf6L{ lhNnf
;Ë7g ;ldlt, ;Kt/Lsf ;lrj …;'efifÚn] Ps k|]; lj1lKtdfkm{t\
pgLx¿nfO{ !* kmfu'gdf a]NxL uflj;sf] a]N6L ufpFaf6 8s}tL
ul//x]sf] cj:yfdf ;dft]/ …cfjZos cg';GwfgÚ kl5 kmfF;Lsf]
;hfo lbPsf] atfPsf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbL aa{/tfsf] lzsf/ x'g]x¿df
a]NxLsf clnhfg, u'lbz / hld/ ldof, l6s'lnofsf dfo'lbg ldof, dNxlgofsf
/fdf ofbj / Oz/ ldof tyf jg/‰'nfsf dlhb ldof 5g\ . dfl/g]x¿
@) b]lv #% jif{;Ddsf 5g\ .
dfcf]jfbLn] oL dflg;x¿nfO{ !( b]lv @@ kmfu'gsf]
aLrdf kf]nkf]6sf] g/;+xf/ z}nL la;f{pg] u/L s'6]/, 3fF6L /]6]/ /
8f]/Ln] s;]/ df/]sf lyP . xTofkl5 /utn] nyky, rf]6k6sn] IftljIft
/ cfFvfdf k§L, 3fF6L / xftdf ;fª\nf] afFlwPsf aLeT; cj:yfsf
nf;x¿ -h;dWo] w]/} kmf]6f] 5fKg ;d]t g;lsg] vfnsf 5g\_ anfgvf]nf,
kftf] / kTy/uf9fdf vf]nf / gx/ 5]p5fp kmflnPsf lyP . ^ j6f
nf;x¿ t ‰08} Ps xKtf;Dd ufpFdf b'u{Gw km}nfpFb} ToxLF
kl8/x]sf lyPÙ g ufpFn]n] ltgnfO{ 5'g] lxDdt u/], g k|x/Ln]
g} p7fof] . 36gfaf/] ;f]Wbf q:t ufpFn]x¿ æyfxf
5}gÆ dfq elg/x]sf lyP eg] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{nosf P;kL /fdrGb|
vgfnn] ;d]t æyfxf gePsf]Æ atfP . lhk|sfsf] 6f]nL
@% kmfu'gdf dfq} nf; p7fpg uPsf] lyof], h'ga]nf;Dd anfgvf]nf / kftf]df
kmflnPsf nf;x¿ s'lxP/ sL/f kg{ yfln;s]sf lyP . ;a} nf;
x'nfsL dfu{sf] cf;kf;df kmflnPsfn] ;Kt/L / l;/fxfaLr w]/} cfjthfjt
x'g] Tof] af6f]df lxF8\8'n ;d]t 36]sf] lyof] .
dfcf]jfbLn] 8fFsfx¿ ;dfTg cfkm"nfO{ :yfgLo
hgtfn] ;xof]u u/]sf] bfaL u/]sf 5g\ . ;'/Iff lgsfox¿
;b/d'sfddf s]lGb|t ePsf / cfˆgf s6'jf, e?jf aGb'sb]lv ;;fgf
xltof/;Dd dfcf]jfbLn] vf];]sfn] n'6kf6 / 8s}tL a9]sf] a]nf 8fFsfx¿
;dfltg'nfO{ :yfgLo hgtfn] ;sf/fTds ¿kdf lnP klg dfcf]jfbLn]
cdfgjLo 9Ën] dfG5] df/]sf]df eg] lgGbf u/]sf 5g\ .
o;}aLr, @@ kmfu'gdf sbdfxf rf]sdf n'6kf6 u/L efUg
vf]Hg] b'O{ c1ft n'6]/fsf] k|ltsf/ ub}{ ufpFn]n] pgLx¿nfO{
df/]sf 5g\ . lhk|sf ;Kt/Ln] ltgLx¿nfO{ …dfcf]jfbLÚ
eg]sf] 5 eg] dfcf]jfbLn] pgLx¿ cfˆgf] dfG5] gePsf] atfPsf
5g\ .
•
dgf]h >]i7
lx+;fu|:t If]qdf zflGtsf l;kfxL
zflGt cfGbf]ng
;+of]hg ;ldltsf] cu|;/tfdf zflGt :jo+;]jsx¿sf] 6f]nLn] dfcf]jfbL
k|efljt /fKtL c~rnsf ljleGg lhNnfx¿sf] e|d0f u/]/ :yfgLo
hgtf, /fhgLlts–;fdflhs sfo{stf{ / dfcf]jfbL g]tf–sfo{stf{x¿;Fu
zflGt :yfkgfsf] cfjZostf / ;Defjgfaf/] 5nkmn u/]sf 5g\ . &
kmfu'gdf bfªsf] 3f]/fxLdf bLk k|Hjng;Fu} yfngL ul/Psf] zflGt
cfGbf]ngsf] klxnf] r/0fsf] sfo{qmd lhNnf e|d0f ;sL @! kmfu'gdf bfªdf
;dLIff 5nkmn u/]/ ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .
zflGt :jo+;]jsx¿ b'O{ 6f]nL agfP/ lhNnfx¿df
uPsf lyP . Ko'7fg / /f]Nkf hfg] 6f]nLsf] g]t[Tj g]kfn dfgjclwsf/
;Ë7gsf cWoIf ;'bLk kf7sn] tyf ;Nofg / ?s'd hfg] 6f]nLsf] g]t[Tj
;f]xL ;Ë7gsf dxf;lrj afa'/fd lu/Ln] u/]sf lyP . bf];|f]
6f]nLdf /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]usf ;b:o slkn >]i7 klg
;+nUg lyP . b'j} 6f]nLsf cGo ;b:ox¿df r/0fs'df/ k|;fO{,
ch'{gs'df/ k|;fO{, k|Nxfb l/hfn, /f]lxts'df/ >]i7, dLgf k'nfdL,
/Tgf >]i7, lbg]z sf]O/fnf, wgaxfb'/ s];L, df]xg kf]v/]n, g/]Gb|
s];L, ;'lbk uf}td, lszf]/rGb| uf}td, afns[i0f kf}8]n, u]x]Gb| bfxfn,
d'/f/Lb]jL zdf{, tLy{/fh ;Gtf]ifL, dfwj 9'Ë]n, kf]if/fh e08f/L
/ cflzs/fd sfsL{ ;xefuL lyP . |
