a'4 hGd:yn
ljjfb
vfFrf] k|df0f x}g k|rf/sf]
czf]s:tDedf n]lvPsf s'/fsf] cflwsfl/s
JofVof / k|rf/ x'g;s] a'4sf] hGd:ynnfO{ lnP/ a]nfavt p7fOg] ljjfb
;w}FnfO{ /f]lsg ;S5 .
• ljdns'df/
zdf{
 czf]s:tDedf
a|fXdL lnlkdf s'FlbPsf] ljj/0fsf] k'/ftTj ljefun] u/]sf] cg'jfbM
æb]jtfsf lk|o /fhf -czf]s_ cfˆgf] /fHofleif]ssf]
aL;f}+ jif{df :jo+ o; 7fpFdf cfpFbf cJojl:yt cj:yfdf /x]sf]
zfSod'lg a'4sf] vf; hGd :yfg ;Í]ts lznfnfO{ Jojl:yt agfP .
lznf :tDe klg :yfkgf u/] . eujfg hGdg'ePsf] o; n'lDagL
ufpFnfO{ cf7 efusf] Ps efu dfq e"lds/ lt/] k'Ug] u/L cGo
;a} s/x¿af6 d'Qm u/] .Æ |
n'lDagLl:yt czf]s:tDedf
s'FlbPsf a|fXdL lnlksf () j6f cIf/sf cfwf/df ;g\ !*(^ df hg/n v8\u
zdz]/ / 8f= P=k'mx//n] a'4sf] hGd:yn n'lDagL ePsf] kQf nufPsf lyP .
kfFr x/kmsf] pQm clen]v kfnL efiffdf 5 . To;sf] ;o jif{kl5
;g\ !((^ df dfofb]jL dlGb/ pTvggsf] a]nf km]nf k/]sf] a'4sf] hGd:yndf
/flvPsf] k|tLs 9'Ëfn] a'4sf] hGd:yn n'lDagL xf] eGg] s'/fnfO{
yk k'li6 ug'{sf ;fy} clen]vdf plNnlvt …l;nflju8lerfÚ
zAbsf] cy{ klg ToxL 9'Ëfsf] ;+/If0f sfo{;Fu ;DalGwt /x]sf]
k|:6 kf/]sf] 5 .
t/, b]zljb]zsf cWo]tf / ko{6sx¿sf] klxnf] gh/
kg]{ n'lDagL ljsf; sf]if -n'ljsf]if_sf] ;"rgfkf6Ldf eg] n'lDagLsf]
dxŒjnfO{ c‰ dfly p7fpg] of] P]ltxfl;s k|df0f ;d]l6Psf]
5}g . clen]vdf plNnlvt clwsf+z zAbx¿sf] cy{ k|:6 eO;Sbf klg
g To;sf] cflwsfl/s cg'jfb ePsf] 5, g ;"rgfkf6Lsf] cldNbf] ljj/0f
g} km]l/Psf] 5 . a'4sf] hGd:yn;DaGwdf k|fKt yk P]ltxfl;s k|df0f
/ tYo ljj/0fx¿ o;/L cf]‰]ndf kl//xFbf ljjfb p7fpg vf]Hg]x¿nfO{
;lhnf] eO/x]sf] 5 .
;g\ !((* df k|yd ljZj af}4 lzv/ ;Dd]ngtfsf g} s]xL
ljåfg\x¿n] n'lDagLsf] ;"rgfkf6L ;Rofpg'kg]{ s'/f
p7fPsf lyP . sf]ifsf 5ljsf/ c/ljGb zfSonfO{ gofF ;"rgfkf6L
agfpg klg nufOof] . t/ k'/ftTj ljefusf tTsfnLg dxflgb]{zs -kl5
;+:s[lt ;lrj_ Cl4afaf k|wfgn] …oqf] sfd xfdLn] dfq sxfF ug{
;S5f}+F /Ú eg]kl5 Tof] k|of; To;} ;]nfof] . clxn] klg
kl/l:ylt ablnPsf] 5}g . k'/ftTj ljefu, n'ljsf]if nufot ;DalGwt
lj1x¿ czf]s:tDedf n]lvPsf s'/fsf] cflwsfl/s JofVof s;/L ug]{
eGg] ;DaGwdf dGyg ul//x]sf 5g\ .
oxL k|;Ëdf n'ljsf]ifn] $–% kmfu'g @)^)
df czf]s:tDedf /x]sf] clen]vnfO{ s;/L JofVof ug{] egL Pp6f /fli6«o
uf]i7L cfof]hgf u/]/ /fd|f] sfd u/]sf] 5 . t'n;L/fd j}B, k|]ds'df/
vqL, d's'Gb cof{n, s[i0faxfb'/ yfkf, sf]ifk|;fb cfrfo{, lbg]zrGb|
/]UdL, j;Gt ljF8f/L, v8\udfg >]i7, Zofd;'Gb/ /fhj+zL cflb Vofltk|fKt
Oltxf;sf/, ;+:s[ltljb\, k'/ftTjljb\ Pj+ lnlklj1x¿ ;xefuL
ePsf] ;f] uf]i7Ldf e'jgnfn k|wfg, ;Todf]xg hf]zL, x]d/fh zfSo k|e[ltsf
ljåfg\x¿ nufot g]kfn Oltxf; ;+3, g]kfn ;+:s[lt ;+3
tyf lqljsf ;DalGwt ljefux¿sf] ;+:yfut k|ltlglwTjsf] vfFrf]
eg] 68\sf/f] b]lvGYof] .
n'ljsf]ifsf k'/ftTjljb z'qm;fu/ >]i7n] uf]i7Ldf
@)%% ;fndf k'/ftTj ljefun] x'nfs l6s6sf] lgldQ tof/ kf/]sf], t/
l9nf] ePsf]n] l6s6df 5flkg g;s]sf] cflwsfl/s cg'jfb ;fj{hlgs ug'{ePsf]
5 -x]= bfofF_ . k'/ftTj ljefusf dxflgb]{zs sf]ifk|;fb cfrfo{n]
g]kfnL ljåfg\x¿ Psdt x'g;s] ;f]xL cg'jfbnfO{ cflwsfl/s
dfg]/ k|rf/–k|;f/ ug]{ >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] wf/0ff /x]sf]
hgfp lbg'ePsf] 5 . oBlk uf]i7Lsf] cflwsfl/s lgisif{ cfpg afFsL
g} 5 / uf]i7Ln] ug]{ JofVof klg clGtd gx'g ;Sg], cWoog–cg';Gwfgsf]
qmddf To;df kl/dfh{g ug{ ;lsg] ;Defjgf t 5Fb}5 .
;os8f}F ljåfg\x¿n] cf–cfˆgf]
lsl;dn] czf]s:tDedf n]lvPsf s'/fsf] JofVof ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ .
n'lDagLsf] clen]v /flvPsf] ;ft–cf7 ;o jif{kl5, kfFrf}F–;ftf}F
ztfAbLsf] aLrdf cfPsf lrlgofF ofq'x¿n] cfkm"n] k9\g
g;s]/ c¿n] eg]sf e/df czf]s:tDeaf/] n]v] . efiff / lnlkdf
cfPsf] qmlds kl/jt{gn] ubf{ To;kl5 klg tTsfnLg n]vf]6 k9\g / a'´g
b'is/ aGb} uof] . o;n] ubf{ a'4sf] hGd:ynsf] kl/ro af]s]sf]
n'lDagLsf] czf]s:tDe ToxLF /x]/ klg nfdf] ;do;Dd x/fP ‰}F
ePsf] lyof] .
!( cf}F ztfAbLsf] dWo;Dddf ef/tdf klg czf]ssf clen]vx¿
kQf nfu] . ef/tsf lnlklj1 h]D; lk|G;]kn] a|fXdL lnlksf tL cIf/x¿nfO{
k9\g] jf k'ghL{jg lbg] sfd u/] . xfn ef/t, kfls:tfg, ckmuflg:tfg
/ g]kfndf czf]ssf $@ j6f lznfn]v, :tDen]v, u'kmfn]v 5g\ . a|fXdL,
c/d}s v/f]i6L / u|Ls c/d}s lnlkdf n]lvPsf tL clen]vdWo] s]xL hxfFsf
txLF 5g\ eg] s]xL cGt ;fl/Psf / ;ª\u|xfnosf] zf]ef ag]sf 5g\ .
n'lDagLsf] / o:t} cGo clen]vx¿sf cfwf/df @% ;o jif{ klxn]sf]
Oltxf;sf kfgfx¿ v'Ng yfn]sf x'g\ .
czf]s:tDedf n]lvPsf s'/f n'lDagL ljsf; sf]ifsf] ;"rgfkf6Ldf
. |
g]kfndf /x]sf czf]ssf tLg lznf:tDedWo] n'lDagLsf]
clen]v ;a}eGbf b'?:t / ;'/lIft dflgPsf] 5 . slknj:t', lglUnxjfsf]
b'O{6'qm] :tDesf s]xL cIf/ vl08t eP klg ;f/ k|:6 a'l‰G5 .
t/ slknj:t's} uf]l6xjfsf] :tDesf] eg] dflyNnf] efu 6'lqmPsf] / x/fPsf]
x'Fbf To;df n]lvPsf] s'/f yfxf x'g;s]sf] 5}g . $–% kmfu'gsf]
uf]i7Ldf z'qm;fu/ >]i7n] @)%& ;fndf rf]l/P/ ljb]z n}hfg nfluPsf]
lznfn]v / 9'Ëfdf s'FlbPsf lrqx¿df lglUnxjfsf] :tDe;Fu
7\ofSs} ldNg] lznfn]v kfOPsf] hfgsf/L lbFbf w]/} ;xefuL /f]dfl~rt
Pj+ cfZro{rlst ePsf lyP . >]i7sf] ljrf/df ;f] lznfn]v /
lrq n'lDagL jl/kl/af6} sf7df8f}F cfOk'u]sf] x'g'k5{ .
xfn;Dd ljåfg\x¿n] n'lDagL :tDesf] lznfn]vdf
/x]sf] …l;nflju8lerfÚ zAbsf] cy{ …;"o{sf]
rqmÚ, …3f]8fÚ, …xfQLÚ, …k|l;l4
k|fKtÚ cflb nufpFb} cfPsf lyP . t/ dfofb]jL dlGb/ pTvgg\df
k|tLs 9'Ëf k|fKt ePkl5 pQm zAbsf] …k|l;4 9'Ëfsf]
;+/If0fsf] nflu lgdf{0f ul/Psf]Ú eGg] cy{ nufPsf 5g\ .
of] cy{df n'lDagL uf]i7L klg Psdt /Xof] . dlGb/ pTvgg\sf] a]nfb]lv
g} af/Daf/ 5nkmndf h'6\b} cfPsf b]zljb]zsf Vofltk|fKt ljåfg\x¿n]
pTvgg\df k|fKt lznfnfO{ l;4fy{ uf}tdn] k[YjLdf klxnf] kN6 kfOnf
/fv]sf] 7fpFsf] k|tLs 9'Ëfsf] ¿kdf :jLsf/ ul/;s]sf 5g\
eg] >L % sf] ;/sf/sf] tk{maf6 tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjfn]
klg ;f] s'/fsf] cf}krfl/s 3f]if0ff ul/;Sg'ePsf] 5 .
lznfn]vdf /x]sf …pjlns]s6]Ú zAbsf] cy{
…s/d'Qm ul/Psf]Ú xf] jf …alnd'Qm ul/Psf]Ú
eGg]df / …c7efluorÚsf] cy{ …cf7efusf] Ps efu
-s/_Ú xf] jf …cfi6flËs dfu{df ;xefuL x'g'Ú
eGg]df /xFb} cfPsf] dtleGgtf c‰} sfod} 5 . ‰08}
b'O{ bzscl3 s]z/axfb'/ s];Ln] n]Vg'ePsf] / leIf' ;'bz{g Pj+ lqlj,
Oltxf; s]Gb|Lo ljefusf k"j{ k|d'v k|f= 8f= t'n;L/fd j}Bn] ;xdlt
hgfpg'ePsf] alnd'lQm / cfi6flËs dfu{sf] JofVofdf lqlj, g]kfnL
Oltxf;, ;+:s[lt tyf k'/ftTj ljefu k|d'v k|f= 8f= d's'Gb cof{nsf]
ljdltn] clxn]sf] uf]i7Ldf klg rrf{ kfPsf] lyof] . /fhf czf]s
cfP/ dfq n'lDagL If]qsf] ljsf; ePsf] eGg] sltko klZrdf / clwsf+z
ef/tLo ljåfg\x¿sf] egfOsf] v08g ub}{ To;eGbf w]/} klxn]b]lv
o; If]qdf ;Eotfsf] ljsf; ePsf] tYo k|sfzdf cfO;s]sf] 5 . o;
;Gbe{df k|f= j}Bn] uf]i7Ldf eGg'eof], æk'/ftflTjs pTvgg\ Pj+
g]kfnL Oltxf; n]vgdf g]kfnL ljåfg\x¿ cf}klgj]lzs ;f]reGbf
dfly p7]/ cfP dfq ;TotYo aflx/ cfpg]5 .Æ
sltko ljåfg\x¿n] n'lDagLsf ;DaGwdf unt
s'/fx¿ p7fO/x]sf 5g\ . vf;u/L ef/tLo ljåfg\x¿n]
a'4sf] hGd ef/ts} cd's :yfgx¿df ePsf] eGg] s'/f :yflkt ug{
cg]sf}F k|of; ul//x]sf] b]lvG5 . t/ To:tf ljrf/x¿nfO{
bdg u/]/ jf ljrf/ k|jfx x'g] ;"rgfsf ;|f]tx¿nfO{ /f]s]/
xf]Og, k|df0f k'¥ofO{ hjfkm lbP/ dfq pgLx¿sf d'v :yfoL
lsl;daf6 aGb ug{ ;lsG5 . n'ljsf]ifn] dfofb]jL dlGb/ pTvgg\sf]
k|ltj]bg / To; qmddf k|fKt k'/ftflTjs k|df0fx¿nfO{ l56f]
eGbf l56f] k|rf/–k|;f/ ug{ ;s] pl8;fnufot ;a}lt/sf ljåfg\x¿sf]
lrQ a'´g]5 . czf]s:tDesf] clen]vsf] cflwsfl/s ljj/0f
sf]ifsf] ;"rgfkf6Ldf cljnDa /fVg' o; lbzfsf] klxnf] sbd x'g'kb{5 .
gq …af]Ng]sf] kL7f] laS5, gaf]Ng]sf] rfdn klg laSb}gÚ
eg]h:t} n'lDagLaf/] cgfwf/ ljjfbn] 7fpF kfO/xg] 5g\ .
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