ahf/÷rsn]6
:jfbsf] axf/
g]kfndf cg'dflgt jflif{s ?=@=%) ca{ a/fa/sf]
sGkm]S;g/L laqmL x'g] u5{ . o;df :jb]zL pTkfbgsf] lx:;f ?=!
ca{ &% s/f]8 5 eg] ef/t / t];|f] d'n'saf6 ?=&% s/f]8sf]
cfoft x'G5 .
•
d's'n x'dfufOF
tl:j/x¿ dLg ah|frfo{ |
b'O{ dlxgfcl3 ‰08}‰08}
Ps} ;dodf b'O{ gofF sGkm]S;g/L sDkgL / ltgsf pTkfbgx¿ g]kfnL
ahf/df cfP– eujtL sGkm]S;g/L / n8{ lzj km'8\; P08 sGkm]S;g/L .
To;sf] Ps dlxgfcl3 NofS6f]kmg, DofËf] 6f6{ Sof08Lsf pTkfbs
hof sGkm]S;g/L k|f=ln=n] qm]e a|f08sf] lk|ldod Sof08L ahf/df Nofof] .
6kmL / Sof08Ldf /dfpg]x¿sf nflu of] v'zLsf] s'/f lyof] g},
o;n] g]kfnL sGkm]S;g/L ahf/ ultzLn /x]sf] ;d]t ;Í]t u¥of] .
…uf]nf] ld7fO{Úb]lv cTofw'lgs k|ljlw
/ Knf06af6 agfOPsf rsn]6;Ddsf] $) jif{sf] ofqfdf g]kfnL sGkm]S;g/L
pBf]un] nfdf] b"/L to u/]sf] 5 . Ps}kN6 la:s'6 / sGkm]S;g/L
pBf]udf xft xfn]/ pTkfbg z'¿ ug]{ g]]lasf] k|flnsf sGkm]S;g/Lx¿n]
ahf/df /fd|} :jfut kfPsf x'g\ . t/ kl5Nnf] bz jif{df sGkm]S;g/L
sDkgLx¿sf] j[l4;Fu} ltgsf] pTkfbgdf klg ljljwtf cfof] .
clg sGkm]S;g/Lsf :jfbx¿ ylkP, ¥ofk/-vf]n_x¿ cfsif{s
x'g yfn], lj1fkgx¿ klg b]Vg÷;'Gg yflnof] . clxn]
ltgLx¿aLrsf] Jofj;flos k|lt:kwf{ /f]rs b]lvPsf] 5 .
pkef]Qmfsf] qmozlQm cg';f/ y/Ly/Lsf sGkm]S;g/Lx¿
g]kfnL ahf/df pknAw 5g\ . :jb]zL pTkfbgsf ;fy} ef/t, aËnfb]z
/ t];|f] d'n'ssf sGkm]S;g/Lx¿ ;xh} lsGg ;lsG5 . sf7df8f}Fsf]
ahf/df a]nfot, hd{gL, xNof08, a|flhn, ch]{lG6gf, a]lNhoddf ag]sf
sGkm]S;g/L kfOG5g\ . g]kfnL pTkfbgx¿ eGbf dxFuf eP klg
cfoftLt sGkm]S;g/Lsf pkef]Qmfx¿ zx/L If]qdf sd 5}gg\ .
Sof08L, 6kmL clg j]km/
sGkm]S;g/L cyf{t\ g]kfnL ;Gbe{df …rsn]6Ú eGg] lalQs}
u'lnof] :jfbsf] ;D‰gf x'G5 . afnaflnsfn] cToGt dg k/fpg]
…kfkfÚsf] ¿kdf klg o;nfO{ lrlgG5 . t/ g]kfnL
sGkm]S;g/L clxn] Ps} :jfbdf dfq} ;Lldt 5}gg\ . z'?–z'?df
;Lldt :jfbsf Sof08L / 6kmL agfpg] g]kfnL sDkgLsf pTkfbgdf cfhef]ln
ljljwtf cfPsf] 5 . ahf/df ljljw :jfbsf bh{gf}F a|f08sf sGkm]S;g/Lx¿
5g\ . g]kfnL sDkgLx¿n] ;d]t cfFk, ;'Gtnf h:tf kmnkm"nsf
:jfb /fv]/ agfOPsf, b"wsf] :jfb jf cldnf] / kL/f] :jfb lbg]
Sof08L / 6kmLx¿ pTkfbg ul//x]sf 5g\ . ;'hn km'8\; k|f=ln=sf
k|aGw lgb]{zs cGhg >]i7sf cg';f/ g]kfndf ag]sf sGkm]S;g/Lx¿nfO{
tLg >]0fLdf afF8\g ;lsG5, k|'m6 a]:8, ldNs a]:8 / sf]sf a]:8 .
k|foM ;a} sDkgLsf sGkm]S;g/Lx¿ log} >]0fLdf k5{g\ .
sGkm]S;g/L pBf]udf k|lt:kwf{;Fu} pTkfbg / ahf/ Joj:yfkgdf
gofFgofF k|of]u klg x'g yfn]sf] 5 . …Sof08LÚ /
…6kmLÚ pTkfbgdf dfq} ;Lldt g]kfnL sDkgLx¿ Ps
sbd cl3 a9]/ …j]km/Ú pTkfbg ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . rf/
jif{ cufl8 ;'hn km'8\; k|f=ln=n] rf]sf]kmg gfds …j]km/Ú
ahf/df NofP/ gofF …6«]08Ú leœofof] .
…rsn]6 Og/f]A8 j]km/Ú g]kfnL ahf/df Nofpg] ;'hn km'8\;
klxnf] sDkgL lyof] . ljb]zL j]km/x¿ eGbf ;:tf] d"No
ePsf sf/0f rf]sf]kmg g]kfnL pkef]Stfdf‰ l5§} g} nf]slk|o
aGof] . clxn] ;'hn km'8\;sf] ;jf{lws laSg] pTkfbg ag]sf] 5,
rf]sf]kmg . ;'hn km'8\;sf k|aGw lgb]{zs >]i7 eG5g\, æs'n
laqmLsf] #) k|ltzt c+z cf]u6]sf] 5 o;n] .Æ rf]sf]kmg
sf] ;kmntfkl5 clxn] Sjfln6L la:s'6 P08 sGkm]S;g/L / n8{ lzj km'8\;
P08 sGkm]S;g/Ln] klg j]km/ pTkfbg ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ .
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casf] nIo rsn]6
:jb]zL pTkfbsx¿n] gofF …ˆn]j/Úsf sGkm]S;g/L
pTkfbg ug{ yfn] klg pgLx¿ Sof08L, 6kmL / j]km/sf] ;Ldf gf3]/
cGo pTkfbglt/ hfg c‰} ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ . g]kfndf jf:tljs
rsn]6sf] pTkfbg c‰} x'g;s]sf] 5}g . k|foM ;a} sDkgLx¿
@% k};fb]lv ?= % ;Ddsf Sof08L, 6kmL / j]km/ g} pTkfbg ul//x]sf 5g\ .
pTkfbsx?n] rsn]6 pTkfbglt/ xft a9fpg lxlRsrfpg'sf] d"n sf/0f
o;sf] ahf/ xf] . ahf/df ?=@ ;Ddsf Sof08L / 6kmLx¿ g}
a9L laSg] u5{g\ . ‰08} tLg bzs k'/fgf] c/]Gh an clxn]
klg plQs} nf]slk|o 5 .
g]kfndf $)–%) j6f sGkm]S;g/L sDkgL eP klg b]zel/
pkl:ylt ePsf / :t/Lo pTkfbssf] kl/ro agfPsf sDkgLx¿df ;'hn
km'8\;, Sjfln6L sGkm]S;g/L, hof sGkm]S;g/L, hodfF nIdL sGkm]S;g/L
cu|0fL dflgG5g\ . ahf/sf] 7"nf] lx:;f klg log} sDkgLsf]
ks8df 5 . eujtL sGkm]S;g/L / n8{ lzj km'8\; P08 sGkm]S;g/Lsf]
cfudgn] ahf/df k|lt:kwf{ a9fpg] ljZjf; lnOPsf] 5 . s/La b'O{
dlxgfcl3 dfq pTkfbg z'? u/]sf oL sDkgLx¿ cfˆgf pTkfbgn]
/fd|} ahf/ kfpg] s'/fdf cfzfjfbL 5g\ . n8{ lzj km'8\; P08 sGkm]S;g/Lsf
ahf/ dxfk|aGws P;kL 9sfn eG5g\, æ/fd|f] / :t/Lo pTkfbg lbg;s]
ahf/ lng s'g} ;d:of gxf]nf .Æ
eujtL sGkm]S;g/Ln] sf7df8f}F aflx/af6 ;]n]i6L, jfON8,
ldNs dd, ld 6' / kfOn6 cflb ;ft a|f08sf Sof08L / 6kmLx¿sf]
laqmLljt/0f z'? u/]sf] 5 . eujtL sGkm]S;g/Lsf cWoIf ;'ldt cu|jfn
eG5g\, æsf7df8f}Fsf] ahf/df xfdL l5§} cfˆgf pTkfbgx?
nGr ub}{5f}F .Æ To:t} n8{ lzj km'8\;n] tLg a|f08sf j]km/,
Sof08L / 6kmLsf] laqmLljt/0f z'? u/]sf] 5 . o;n] g]kfnL ahf/sf
nflu lgtfGt gf}nf] dflgg] SoflDkgf] xf8{ gfds j]km/ klg ahf/df NofPsf]
5 .
g]kfnL pTkfbsx¿n] rsn]6 gagfP klg To;sf] sdL
ef/t / :jL6\h/Nof08, a]nfot cflb t];|f] d'n'saf6 cfoftLt rsn]6n]
k"/f u/]sf 5g\ . df;{, :gLs/, 6\jLS;, af]G6L, 6an/]g,
Soflne/ h:tf cGt/f{li6«o a|f08x¿b]lv ef/tdf ag]sf Sof8a/L,
ls6Sof6, 8]/L ldNs h:tf rsn]6sf u|fxsx¿ klg k|z:t} 5g\ .
vf;u/L …lk|ldodÚ >]0fLsf sGkm]S;g/Ldf ef/t / t];|f]
d'n'ssf pTkfbgx¿sf] ks8 alnof] 5 . xËsË, blIf0f
sf]l/of, tfOjfg, rLg, cd]l/sf, 6sL{, O08f]g]lzof / aËnfb]zdf
ag]sf sGkm]S;g/Lx¿ klg ahf/df 5\ofK5\ofKtL 5g\ . To:t},
sf7df8f}Fsf] ahf/df blIf0f cd]l/sL d'n's ch]{lG6gfdf ag]sf] cfs{/
Sof08L / :k]gdf ag]sf] r'Kkfr'k nnLkk klg kfOG5 .
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l8kf6{d]G6 :6f]/sf] j[l4sf sf/0f z'?df sf7df8f}F,
ljzfnahf/df dfq kfOg] ljb]zL rsn]6, Sof08L, j]km/x¿ clxn]
;j{q pknAw 5g\ . xs a|f08sf sGkm]S;g/Lx¿ aËnfb]zaf6
cfoft ug]{ P;P; ODk]S;sf /fdls;g ;f]dfgLsf cg';f/ ljb]zL rsn]6,
Sof08Lx¿ *) k|ltzt l8kf6{d]G6 :6f]/af6} laqmL x'G5 .
Jofkf/ k|j4{g s]Gb|sf] …g]kfn cf]e/l;h 6«]8 :6\ofl6l:6S;
@))@–@))#Úsf cg';f/ cfj @)%(÷^) df ef/tafx]s
t];|f] d'n'saf6 ?= ( s/f]8 eGbf a9Lsf] sGkm]S;g/L g]kfn cfoft ul/Psf]
lyof] .
df;{, :gLs/, 6\jLS;, af]G6L, 6an/]g, Soflne/ h:tf
cGt/f{li6«o a|f08x¿ g]kfnL pTkfbg eGbf dxFuf 5g\ /
logsf k|d'v pkef]Qmf ljb]zL ko{6s tyf pRr–dWod ju{sf pkef]Qmf
x'g\ . cfoftLt sGkm]S;g/L sf7df8f}F afx]s ko{6sLo :yn / 6«]lsË
?6x¿df a9L laqmL x'g] Jofkf/Lx¿sf] cg'ej 5 .
xËsËsf] uf8]{g a|f08sf la:s'6 / j]km/sf clws[t laqm]tf
clvn 6«]l8Ë k|flnsf clvn rfkfufO{ t];|f] d'n'saf6 cfoftLt
sGkm]S;g/Lsf] ahf/ k|To]s jif{ al9/x]sf] / g]kfndf jif]{gL tLg–rf/
j6f gofF a|f08 cfpg] u/]sf] atfpF5g\ . t/ tLdWo] yf]/} dfq
ahf/df l6S5g\ .
g]kfndf sGkm]S;g/L pBf]usf] jflif{s sf/f]af/ v'6\ofpg]
cflwsfl/s tYofÍ st} geP klg pTkfbsx¿ g]kfndf jflif{s
?= @ ca{ %) s/f]8 a/fa/sf] sGkm]S;g/L laqmL x'g] atfpF5g\ .
o;df :jb]zL pTkfbgsf] lx:;f ?=! ca{ &% s/f]8 5 eg] ef/t / t];|f]
d'n'ssf pTkfbgsf] lx::f ?=&% s/f]8sf] 5 . g]kfnL sGkm]S;g/L
ahf/df jflif{s j[l4 ;fdfGo b]lvP klg Tof] ;Gtf]ifhgs g/x]sf] g]kfnL
pTkfbsx¿sf] cg'ej 5 . sGkm]S;g/L sDkgLsf] ;ª\VofTds
j[l4;Fu} o;sf] k|ljlw / Knf06df klg cfw'lgstf lelqPsf] 5 .
;a} sDkgLx¿ :jrflnt Knf06 k|of]u u5{g\ . t/, clxn] lrgL
afx]s Un'sf]h, sf]sf, ldNs kfp8/ h:tf sRrf kbfy{ ef/t / t];|f] d'n'saf6
cfoft ul/G5 .
pTkfbsx¿ aLr c:j:y k|lt:kwf{ klg a9]sf] 5 .
vf;u/L p:t}p:t} gfd, ¥ofk/sf] gSsn ug]{ k|j[lQ a9]sf] 5 .
Dof+uf] 6f6{ h:t} Dofuf] 6]i6, ldNsL afO6 h:t} ldNs /Lr h:tf gfd
/fv]/ gofF Sof08Lx¿ ahf/df cfPsf 5g\ . ldNg] gfd /fv]/
gofF k|f]8S6 cfOlbFbf a|f08 ;+/If0fsf] ;d:of ePsf] atfpFb} ;'hn
km'8\;sf cGhg >]i7 eG5g\, æu|fxs ‰'Sofpg] :t/sf]
o:tf] gSsnaf6 aRg, arfpg 6«]8dfs{ P]g, @)@@ nfO{ ;do ;fk]If
kl/jt{g ug{' h?/L 5 . h:t}, P]gdf hl/jfgfsf] Joj:yf 5 t/ Tof]
Jofjxfl/s 5}g .Æ
sGkm]S;g/L cGtu{t rsn]6df ef/tLo / t];|f] d'n'ssf
pTkfbgx¿sf] ks8 alnof] 5 . g]kfnL pTkfbsx¿ :jb]zd}
rsn]6 pTkfbg gx'g'df To;df nfUg] vr{ k|d'v sf/0f /x]sf] atfpF5g\ .
P;kL 9sfn eG5g\, ærsn]6sf nflu 7"nf] nufgL cfjZos x'G5,
g]kfnL ahf/ Toqf] nufgLsf nflu c‰} tof/ 5}g .Æ
b'O{ gofF sDkgLsf] cfudgn] g]kfnL sGkm]S;g/L pBf]udf
rxnkxn ylkPsf] 5 . d"No, u'0f:t/, KoflsË x/If]qdf
yk k|lt:kwf{sf ;Í]tx¿ b]lvPsf 5g\ . of] k[i7e"lddf
:t/Lo pTkfbg / pTkfbgdf ljljwtf g} casf] af6f] xf] eG5g\, sGkm]S;g/L
pTkfbsx¿ . cGhg >]i7sf] syg 5, æcasf] nIo lk|ldod
a|f08sf sGkm]S;g/Lsf] pTkfbg g} xf] . gofFgofF ˆn]j/sf
sGkm]S;g/L Nofpg'k5{ / …rsn]6Ú pTkfbg klg gu/L ;'v
5}g .Æ
pTkfbsx?sf] cfTdljZjf; x]bf{, g]kfndf ;fFlRrs} rsn]6
pTkfbg x'g] lbg klg w]/} 6f9f gePsf] cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 . pknAw
sGkm]S;g/Lx¿sf] a9\bf] ahf/n] ;Í]t u/]sf] csf]{ tYo
s] klg xf] of] pBf]usf] jt{dfg g]kfnL la:s'6sf] h:tf] r'gf}tLk"0f{
5}}g . zfob eljio klg u'lnof], :jflbnf] g} xf]nf .
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