…===snf cfpFb}5 ÛÚ …===snf cfpFb}5 ÛÚ
Ps jif{cl3 ;8ssf bfofF–afofF / kqklqsfsf kfgfdf 5fPsf] Pp6f lj1fkgsf] gd"gf xf] of] . w]/} sf}t'xntf hufO;s]kl5 …===snfÚ …6f]snfÚ eP/ ahf/df b]vf k¥of] . s'g}a]nf /fd|f] Voflt sdfPsf] eP klg w]/} jif{;Dd ahf/df gcfPsf]n] lrofkf/vLx¿sf] ;+‰gfaf6 klg …6f]snfÚ x/fO;s]sf] lyof] . t/, …===snf cfpFb}5Ú egL ul/Psf] of] Pp6} lj1fkg–cleofgn] …6f]snfÚ nfO{ ahf/ / pkef]Qmfdf‰ k'g:yf{lkt ul/lbof] . pQm lj1fkgsf] lgdf{tf Pj+ cleofgstf{, lqsf]0f P8\e/6fOlhªsf] egfOcg';f/, …6f]snfÚ Psjif{leq} :jb]zdf pTkflbt lrofsf] $) k|ltzt ahf/ cf]u6\g ;kmn ePsf] 5 .

ls/0f g]kfn÷d's'n x'dfufOF

s]xL ;dootf 5fkf, /]l8of] / 6]lnlehg dfWoddf b]lvPsf lj1fkgn] g]kfnL lj1fkg Joj;fo ;[hgzLn, ;xh, 5f]6f]5l/tf] / lj1flkt j:t'nfO{ ahf/df 7fpF lbnfpg ;Sg] eO;s]sf] b]vfpF5 . Jofj;flos x'Fb} uPsf] of] If]qdf …skL /fOl6ªÚ -cfn]v_, …leh'cnfOlhªÚ, …Sofd]/f js{Ú, …u|flkms l8hfOlgªÚ h:tf kIfsf] /fd|f] ;+of]hg b]lvg yfn]sf] 5 . /, cfw'lgs ;dfh;Fu} 8f]l/g ;Ifd g]kfnL lj1fkg ljb]zL efiff / /xg;xgdf cfwfl/t geO{ +g]kfnLkgÚ / g]kfnL efiffsf] hudf lgdf{0f x'g yfn]sf 5g\ .

kfFr jif{cl3;Dd klg g]kfndf vkt x'g] clwsf+z j:t'sf 6]lnlehg lj1fkg k|foM lxGbL efiffdf ag]sf / g]kfnLdf …8aÚ -pNyf_ ul/Psf x'Gy] . lxGb':tfgL njhsf] g]kfnL / ef/tLo hghLjgsf] ‰ns af]s]sf To:tf lj1fkgdf …g]kfnLkgÚ / g]kfnL ;dfhsf] ‰‰Nsf] b]Vg, dx;"; ug{ ;lsFb}gYof] . t/, clxn] :jb]zL x'g\ jf ljb]zL, w]/} j:t'sf lj1fkg g]kfnL ;Gbe{ / g]kfnL hgzlQms} pkof]u u/]/ aGg yfn]sf 5g\ . ;~rf/ dfWodx¿sf] ljsf;, ltgdf …g]kfnLkgÚ vf]Hg] kf7s–>f]tf–bz{ssf] ?lr / g]kfnL efiffsf] nf]slk|otfsf] kl/0ffd xf] of] . lj1fkgdfkm{t\ g]kfnL efiffnfO{ nf]slk|o agfpg] sfddf /]l8of] g]kfnn] uxg e"ldsf v]n]sf] 5 . g]kfnsf klxnf] lj1fkg Joj;foL nId0f pkfWofo eG5g\, æ@)#) ;fnlt/ lxGbL uLtsf w'gdf ag]sf s]xL lj1fkgnfO{ /]l8of] g]kfnn] c:jLsf/ u/]sf]n] g]kfnLd} agfpg' k/]sf] lyof] .Æ

ef/tLo pkef]Qmfsf nflu agfOPsf …l6eL sdl;{onÚ nfO{ g]kfnL efiffdf 8a u/]/ b]vfpg]–;'gfpg] rng k"/} xl6;s]sf] t 5}g, t/ lj1fkgdf g]kfnLkg, ;+:s[lt / hghLjg ‰lNsg'kg]{ s'/fnfO{ eg] pTkfbs / lj1fkg Ph]G;L b'j}yl/n] :jLsfg{ yfln;s]sf 5g\ . g]kfn lne/n] nS; ;fa'gsf] lj1fkgdf sl/Zdf dfgGw/ / lg?tf l;+xnfO{ k|:t't ug'{sf] d'Vo sf/0f g]kfnL pkef]Qmf;Fu glhlsg vf]Hg' g} xf] . b]zJofkL ¿kdf v'n]sf PkmPd /]l8of] :6]zgn] ubf{ lj1fkgsf] ahf/ sf7df8f}Fdf dfq} ;Lldt g/xg] klg k|i6} 5 . ;d'bfo tx;Dd /]l8of] :6]zgx¿ k'Ug yfn]kl5 ljleGg /fli6«o efiffdf klg lj1fkg aGg yfn]sf 5g\ .

hLjgz}nLd} kl/jt{g
g]kfnL pkef]QmfnfO{ nIo u/]/ agfOPsf lj1fkgn] j:t'sf] laqmL k|a4{gdf slt ;xof]u k'¥ofpF5g\ eGg] s'/fsf] pbfx/0f ;'hn km'8\;, kf]v/fsf] …rf]sf]kmg rsn]6 j]km/Ú n] k|:t't u/]sf] 5 . rf]sf]kmgn] jif{lbgd} dxËf / :t/Lo ef/tLo rsn]6n] el/Psf] g]kfnL ahf/df cfkm"nfO{ alnof];Fu pEofPsf] 5 . o;sf] ;kmntfn] o:t} c¿ rsn]6 klg ahf/df cfpg] t/v/df 5g\ .

g]kfnL rfprfpsf] ahf/ lj1fkgn] g} agfPsf] xf] . rfprfp cfpg'cl3 la:s'6sf] ahf/ lyof] . lj1fkgsf] k|efjn] dflg;sf] vfgkfg / hLjgz}nLdf ;d]t kl/jt{g cfPsf] 5 . Plzog yfO{km'8\;sf] 6' kLPd n] rfprfpsf lj1fkgdf‰ a]Un} klxrfg agfPsf] 5 . Pp6f o'jf hf]8Ln] Pp6} efF8f]af6 rfprfp vfPsf] of] lj1fkgsf] …l6lksnÚ b[Zon] cfw'lgs zx/L kl/jf/nfO{ nf]Eofpg vf]h]sf] k|:6 x'G5 .

pTkfbs sDkgLs} cfOl8ofsf] cfwf/df lgld{t 6' kLPd sf] l6eL sdl;{onsf lgdf{tf e'if0f bfxfn eG5g\, æue{jtL dlxnf, klxnf] aRrf kfpg nfu]sf] cfw'lgs kl/jf/, >Ldfg\n] rfprfp agfP/ Nofpg] / b'j}n] ;Fu} vfg] Kn6sf] cfwf/df l:qmK6 tof/ eof] . o'jf t/ 6]lnlehgdf vf;} gb]lvPsf cfd g]kfnL cg'xf/;Fu ldNg] kfqx¿sf] 5gf}6 eof] . /, 8]9 lbgsf] z'l6ª;lxt s/La @) lbgdf tof/ ePsf] xf] of] sdl;{on .Æ 6' kLPd sf] 5fkf lj1fkg agfpg] DofS; k|f] sDkgLsf gljgnfn hf]zL eG5g\, ærfprfpsf] Ps} lsl;dsf lj1fkg cfO/x]sf] a]nf xfdL cln leGg x'g vf]h]sf xf}F .Æ ue{jtL dlxnfsf nflu o:tf] vfhfsf] pko'Qmtf dfly 5nkmn x'g ;S5, t/ 6' kLPd n] rfp rfpsf] lj1fkg ug{] k/Dk/fut z}nLnfO{ eg] abn]sf] 5 .

k|]d pkfWofon] dlgiff sf]O/fnfnfO{ lnP/ agfPsf] d]3f pn sf] l6eL sdl;{onnfO{ g} g]kfnsf] klxnf] :t/Lo 6]lnlehg lj1fkg dflgG5 . d]3f pgsf kl/wfg nufP/ dlgiff bf}l8Fb} u/]sf] b[Zo hlt cfsif{s lyof] Tolt g} …a|f08Ú s]lGb|t klg . To:t} 8nL u'?ªsf] df]8lnªdf ag]sf] jfO{jfO{ rfprfpsf] 6]lnlehg lj1fkgn] jfO{jfO{ sf] …a|f08 Od]hÚ nfO{ :yflkt u¥of] . ;'t]sf] kf]hdf 8nLn] Ps–Ps TofGb|f] u/L rfprfp vfPsf] b[Zon]] jfO{jfO{nfO{ nf]slk|o agfpg /fd|} of]ubfg u/]sf] 5 . ljho kf08]n] agfPsf] g]sf]g Po/sf] lj1fkgdf bf}l8/x]sL xgL /f}lgof/nfO{ xjfO{hxfhsf] l;6df nu]/ a;fPsf] clg kl/rfl/sfn] aRrfsf] d'v k'l5lbPsf] b[Zon] y'k|} ofq'nfO{ xjfO{ofqfsf nflu g]sf]g g} 5fGg k|]l/t u/]sf] x'g'k5{ . an/fd s]s, s[i0f kfp/f]6L / sGsfO{ a;sf] lj1fkg s'g} a]nf /]l8of]df ah]sf rlr{t lj1fkgx¿ x'g\ .

b'O{ ca{sf] sf/f]af/
g]kfnL lj1fkgsf] ahf/ sqf] 5 eGg] cflwsfl/s tYofÍ s;};Fu 5}g . g]kfn lj1fkg Ph]G;L ;+3 -cfg_ sf cg';f/ lj1fkgsf] ahf/ jflif{s !% k|ltztn] al9/x]sf] 5 . ;~rf/dfWodn] lj1fkgsf nflu 5'6\ofpFb} cfPsf :yfg / ;do tyf :jo+ ;~rf/dfWodx¿sf] ;ª\Vofdf ePsf] pNn]Vo j[l4n] kl5Nnf jif{x¿df o;sf] ahf/, nufgL, jflif{s sf/f]af/ ;a} a9]sf] b]lvG5 . Joj;foLx¿sf] cg'dfgdf 5fkf, /]l8of], 6]lnlehg / ljleGg xf]l8ª af]8{, t'n, krf{ kf]:6/ h:tf …cfp68f]/Ú dfWodx¿df u/]/ jflif{s b'O{ ca{ hltsf] lj1fkg sf/f]af/ x'g] u/]sf] 5 .

ax'/fli6«o lj1fkg Ph]G;Lx¿sf] g]kfn k|j]zn] t Pp6f xnrn g} NofOlbPsf] 5 o; If]qdf . ljut Ps–8]9 bzsotf lxGb':tfg yD;g\ Pzf]l;o6, ln+6f;, Dofsfg Pl/S:fg h:tf ef/tLo ax'/fli6«o Ph]G;Lx¿n] cfˆgf lnofhf] clkm;dfkm{t\ :yfgLo Ph]G;Lx¿;Fu ldn]/ 7"N7"nf sDkgLsf] lj1fkg tfGg yfn]kl5 g]kfnL Ph]G;Lx¿ klg ;]jf lj:tf/ ug{ / Jofj;flostftkm{ pGd'v x'g afWo ePsf x'g\ . To;kl5 ;~rf/dfWodn] lbg] sldzgaf6 lj1fkg bftfnfO ;d]t 5'6 lbP/ sf/f]af/ ug]{ l/lnlhª Ph]G6x¿ 5fFl6b} uP eg] Jofj;flos x'g] k|lqmofdf nfu]sfx¿ hDb} uP . lk|Hdf P8e/6fOlhËsf /lGht cfrfo{ eG5g\, æklxnf lj1fkg Jofkf/sf] 7"nf] lx:;f l/lnlhª Ph]06x¿sxfF s]lGb|t lyof] eg] clxn] of] sfd ;Ifd / Joj;flos Ph]G;Lsf xftdf cfPsf] 5 .Æ lahg]; P8efG6]hsf ;'a' >]i7sf] ljrf/ klg o:t} 5, æklxn] sldzgsf] cfwf/df sfd ug]{ Ph]G;Lx¿ x'Gy], clxn] cfkm}F lj1fkg agfP/ sfd ug]{ Ph]G;Lx¿ 5g\ .Æ

lj1fkgsf] ahf/ / bfo/f km/flsnf] x'Fb} hfg'df lj1fkgstf{sf ;f]rfOdf cfPsf] kl/jt{gn] klg dxŒjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]n]sf] 5 . pTkfbgsf] ahf/ la:tf/ / ahf/df /fd|f] pkl:yltdf lj1fkgsf] e"ldsf k|efjsf/L x'g] s'/f g]kfnL pTkfbsx¿n] a'´g yfn]sf 5g\ . klxn] lj1fkgnfO{ vr{sf] ¿kdf x]g]{x¿ w]/} lyP eg] clxn] nufgLsf] ¿kdf x]g]{x¿ a9L 5g\ . t/, Ph]G;Ldfkm{t\ ldl8ofdf hfg] lj1fkgsf] lx:;f c‰} klg w]/} a9]sf] eg] 5}g . ;/sf/L / lghL If]qsf y'k|} ;fgf tyf d‰f}nf lj1fkgbftfx¿ cfkm}F ;~rf/dfWod jf cfp68f]/ dfWoddf uP/ lj1fkgsf] sf/f]af/ u5{g\ . cfrfo{sf] egfOdf s'n lj1fkg ahf/sf] $) k|ltzt sf/f]jf/ dfq Ph]G;Lx¿dfkm{t\ x'G5 .

rf/ jif{cl3sf] t'ngfdf lj1fkg Ph]G;Lx¿sf] ;ª\Vof 36]sf] 5 . cfgdf @#$ j6f Ph]G;Lx¿ btf{ eP klg o;sf cWoIf efis/ /fhsl0f{sf/sf] cg'dfgdf To:t} !!% j6f hlt rfn' xfntdf xf]nfg\ . oLdWo] lj1fkgsf ;Dk"0f{ jf clwstd ;]jf lbg] Ph]G;Lx¿ t @)–@% j6f dfq} 5g\ . Go'g k"jf{wf/, hgzlQm / nufgLdf rn]sf Ph]G;Lx¿ aGb x'Fb}5g\ eg] Jofj;flos Ph]G;Lx¿ rflxF :yflkt x'Fb} uPsf 5g\ . cfrfo{ eG5g\, ælj1fkgstf{x¿ klg ;Dk"0f{ ;]jf lbg;Sg] Ph]G;Lx¿d} hfg yfn]sf 5g\ .Æ

/fhsl0f{sf/sf] cg'dfgdf clxn] klg s/La $%–%) j6f Ph]G;Lx¿ Ps JolQmåf/f ;~rflnt …;'6s]z Ph]G;LÚ dfq 5g\ . jflif{s ?=!) b]lv %) nfv;Ddsf] sf/f]af/ ug]{ oL Ph]G;Ln] lrg]hfg]sf ;+:yf / sDkgLx¿sf] lj1fkg xft kf5{{g\, h;sf] 7"nf] lx:;f 5fkf dfWoddf hfG5 . bf];|f] >]0fLsf s/La @)–@% j6f lj1fkg Ph]G;L w]/} lk|G6 / /]l8of] tyf s]xL l6eL sdl;{on u/]/ ?=%) b]lv *) nfv;Ddsf] Jofkf/ u5{g\ . k"0f{ Jofj;flos ;]jf lbg g;Sg] s/La @%–#) j6f Ph]G;Ln] rflxF ?=! b]lv @ s/f]8;Ddsf] Jofkf/ ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ . k"0f{ Jofj;flos Ph]G;Lx¿ Psbd} yf]/}, !) j6f hlt dfq}, 5g\ . 7"nf] nufgL, ;Dk"0f{ ;]jf tyf ;[hgzLntfdf hf]8 lbg] oL Ph]G;Lx¿sf] jflif{s sf/f]af/ ?=@ b]lv !* s/f]8;Ddsf] x'g] ub{5 .

g]kfndf clxn];Dd rf/ j6f ax'/fli6«o Ph]G;Lx¿ sfo{/t 5g\ eg] csf]{ Pp6f ylkg] t/v/df 5 . g]kfnL Ph]G;L ldl8ofDofg / ljZj k|l;4 h]= jfN6/ yD;g\sf] ;+o'Qm nufgLdf ;~rflnt yD;g\ g]kfn :yfgLo ahf/df ;a}eGbf a9L sf/f]af/ ePsf] Ph]G;L xf] . o:t} ef/tLo ax'/fli6«o Ph]G;L qm]oG; / g]kfnL Ph]G;L On]S6«f P8e6f{Olhª\sf] ;+o'Qm nufgLsf] qm]oG; On]S6«f klg g]kfndf sfd ug]{ k"0f{sfnLg ax'/fli6«o lj1fkg Ph]G;Lsf] ¿kdf /x]sf] 5 . lnofhf] clkm;dfkm{t\ sfd ug]{ Dofsfg Pl/S;gn] Ph]G;Ln] ug]{ ;Dk"0f{ sfd u/] klg ldl8ofdf l/lnh ug{ :yfgLo Ph]G;Lx¿sf] ;xof]u lnG5 . cluNeL P08 d]y/ -cf] P08 Pd_ sf] Pzf]l;o6 Ph]G;L xf] lk|Hdf P8e6f{Olhª\ . Osf] P8e/6fOlhª\ ef/tsf] rlr{t lj1fkg Ph]G;L lnG6f; -gofF gfd nf]_ ;Fu cfa4 x'g nfu]sf] a'l‰Psf] 5 . oL kfFr j6} ax'/fli6«o Ph]G;L eP klg yD;g\afx]s c¿ ;a} ltgsf ef/tl:yt sfof{no;Fu cfa4 5g\ . ax'/fli6«o Ph]G;Lsf] a9]sf] rf;f] g]kfndf lj1fkg Joj;fosf] eljio pHHjn ePsf] ;Í]t dfGg ;lsG5 .

lj1fkg Joj;fodf 7"nf Ph]G;Lsf …lqmol6e l8kf6{d]G6Ú df rflxF ef/tLo jf kfls:tfgL l8hfOg/x¿ cTolws 5g\ . e'if0f eG5g\, æl;h{gzLn JolQmx¿sf] sdL 5}g, ltgnfO{ /fd|f] k};f lbg ;Sg]sf] sdL 5 .Æ DofS; k|f] / ljhg]z P8efG6]h h:tf Ph]G;Lx¿n] 5f]6f] ;dod} :jb]zL hgzlQmsf] pkof]u u/]/ :t/Lo lj1fkg lgdf{0fsf ;fy ax'/fli6«o Ph]G;Ls} ;/xdf Jofj;flos aGg k'u]sf 5g\ . DofS; k|f]sf gljgnfn hf]zL eG5g\, æz'?df xfd|f] Wofg ;fdflhs lj1fkgx¿df lyof] . kl5Nnf] ^–* dlxgf otf dfq Jofj;flos lj1fkgdf xft xfn]sf xf}F .Æ /fhsl0f{sf/ eG5g\, æg]kfnL lj1fkg k|f]km]zgnx¿nfO{ SnfO06n] kTofpg] xf] eg] ljb]zLx¿sf] cfjZostf g} 5}g .Æ t/ o;sf nflu g]kfnL lj1fkg Joj;foLx¿n] klg cfkm"nfO{ ;Ifd / ;[hgzLn agfP/ ljb]zL Ph]G;L;Fu k|lt:kwf{ ug{ ;Ifd x'g plQs} h?/L 5 .

s;/L agfOG5 lj1fkg <
s'g} gofF pTkfbgsf] nflu ahf/sf] vf]hL, gfdfs/0f, …Kofs]lhªÚ, ;Gb]zsf] kl/sNkgf clg lj1fkg lgdf{0f– Ph]G;Lx¿n] ug]{ k|d'v sfdx¿ x'g\ . To;kl5 lj1fkg s:tf] aGof] / slt k|efjsf/L 5 egL yfxf kfpg nlIft ;d"xdf k"j{ k/LIf0f -lk|–6]i6_ ul/G5 . clg z'? x'G5– …SofDk]gÚ, h;cGtu{t Ph]G;Lx¿n] …ldl8of KnflgªÚ, …dfs]{6 lkm8AofsÚ ;Íngh:tf sfdx¿ ug'{kb{5 . Ph]G;Lx¿df s'g ;~rf/dfWoddf slt lj1fkg lbg] egL …KnflgªÚ ug]{ rng lgs} a9] klg cWoog, cg';Gwfg ug]{ rng eg] c‰} klg sd 5 .

b'O{ jif{cl3 cGt/f{li6«o >d ;Ë7g -cfOPncf]_ n] /fd|f] tl:a/ / ;fh;Hhfdf 5kfPsf] afn>d;DaGwL Pp6f lj1fkg lgs} vNnf] /Xof] . sf/0f lyof], cª\u|]hL efiff . oltv]/ kqklqsfdf g]kfn nfOkm OG:of]/]G; sDkgLsf] Pp6f kl/jf/sf] tl:a/;lxt lj1fkg cfpF5, h;df 5f]/f / 5f]/Lsf] hLjg aLdfaf6 cfpg] /sd 5f]/fnfO{ 8fS6/ agfpg / 5f]/Lsf] lax] ug{ vr{ ug]{ elgPsf] 5 . o;df 5f]/f / 5f]/Lsf] eljiok|lt afa'cfdfsf] kIfkft tyf lax]nfO{ cf8Da/L / t8se8sk"0f{ agfpg] ;f]rfO ‰lNsG5 . nlIft ;d"x ;'xfpFbf], /fd|f] / ;xL ;Gb]z ePsf] lj1fkg 5 eg] klg To;sf] sfof{Gjog /fd|f];Fu ePg eg] klg s'g} cy{ /xFb}g . :6\ofG88{ rf6{8{ AofÍsf] …xf]d nf]g l:sdÚ sf] lj1fkg …SofDk]gÚ lgs} /fd|f] lyof] / AofÍn] /]:kf]G; klg /fd|} kfof] . t/, C0f ljt/0f k|lqmofsf] hl6ntfn] ubf{ of] l:sdsf] sfof{Gjog Tolt k|efjsf/L x'g ;s]g .

lk|G6 / /]l8of]sf] t'ngfdf 6]lnlehg lj1fkgsf] nfut tyf lgdf{0f k|lqmof hl6n x'G5 . uxg vf]h, w]/} JolQmsf] ;+nUgtf, kfq tyf nf]s];g 5gf}6, hl6n k|ljlw h:tf s'/fn] ubf{ o:tf] ePsf] xf] . lk|G6 / /]l8of] lj1fkgdf klg x'g] …sG;]K6 l8hfOlgªÚ, …a|f08 kf]lh;lgªÚ h:tf s'/fx¿ t l6eLdf klg cfjZos x'G5g\ h;sf nflu 7"n} cfly{s ;|f]tsf] cfjZos k5{ . t/, g]kfndf clxn] klg @) xhf/ b]lv $ nfv ;Dd ah]6df l6eL sdl;{on agfpg'kg]{ jfWotfn] oL ;j} k|s[of k'/f x'g g;Sg' :jefljs} ePsf] ;Da4 JolQmx¿ atfpF5g\ . ;o j6feGbf a9L 6]lnlehg lj1fkg agfO;s]sf e'if0f eG5g\, ævr{sf sf/0f xfdLn] c‰} klg cGt/f{li6«o :t/sf lj1fkg agfpg ;s]sf 5}gf}F .Æ cGt/f{li6«o dfkb08 cg';f/ 6]lnlehg lj1fkg aGg g;Sg'sf] d'Vo sf/0f vr{sf] cefj x'g;S5, t/ g]kfnL Joj;foLx¿sf] Joj;flos :t/ / ;[hgzLntf klg o;lglDt plQs} lhDd]jf/ dfGg ;lsG5 .

;':t Oltxf;
lj=;+= !(!( df sf7df8f}F, 7lxF6Lsf] g]kfn dgf]/~hg k|];n] 5fk]sf] s[i0f lu/Lsf] …df]Ifl;l4Ú k':tssf] cfj/0fdf ul/Psf] k|sflzt / k|sfzf]Gd'v s]xL k':tssf] lj1fkg g} g]kfnL efiffsf] klxnf] k|fdfl0fs lj1fkg dflgPsf] 5 . To;kl5 lj=;+=!($% / !(%^ df qmdzM uf]/vf ef/t hLjg / ;'wf;fu/ klqsfsf lj1fkg 5flkPsf lyP . @$ j}zfv lj=;+= !(%* b]lv k|sflzt x'gyfn]sf] uf]/vfkq n] cfˆgf] klxnf] cÍd} lj1fkgsf] b/ 5fk]sf] lyof] . To;kl5 ;gb\, pbL{, ;"rgf, Ol:txf/sf gfpFdf uf]/vfkq df a/f]a/ lj1fkgx¿ b]vf kg{ yfn] .

ebf} lj=;+= !(*$ df sf7df8f}F j6' lgjf;L e]6gf/fo0fn] uf]/vfkq df 5kfPsf æk]6«f]n k]6«f]n k]6«f]n, >L # dxf/fhsf] ho dgfO{ rf]vf] lskmfotL k]6«f]nsf] gofF b'sfg v'Nof]Æ eGg] ;"rgfnfO{ g]kfnsf] klxnf] Jofj;flos lj1fkg dflgG5 . j}zfv lj=;+= !(*% df …lb lxdfnog df]6/ 6«]l8ª\ sDkgLÚ sf] gfdaf6 5flkPsf] csf]{ Jofj;flos lj1fkg klg pg}n] lbPsf lyP -x]=aS;_ . o; cjlwdf sf7df8f}Fsf c¿ klg w]/} Jofkf/Lx¿n] lj1fkg lbP/ ljleGg Joj;fo ug{ yfn]sf b]lvG5 .

lj1fkgaf/] ;/sf/L :t/df ;j{k|yd af]Ng] sfd rflxF GofofwLz s[i0fk|;fb rfkfufOFsf] cWoIftfdf ul7t k|]; sldzgn] #! h]7 @)!% ;fndf lbPsf] ;'‰fjn] u/]sf] 5, h;df ækqklqsfx¿nfO{ ;/sf/L ;lrjfno, ljefu / c8\8fvfgfx¿sf] lj1fkg lbg'kb{5Æ elgPsf] 5 . @)!^ ;fndf g]kfnsf] klxnf] lj1fkg Ph]G;L …g]kfn P8e6f{Oh;{Ú v'Nof] . Tolta]nf cd]l/sLx¿åf/f ;~rflnt g]kfn cf}Bf]lus ljsf; lgudsf ;fy} lj/f6gu/ h'6 ldn / g]kfn AofÍ lnld6]8n] klqsfsf sl6ªx¿ vf]Hg yfn]kl5 nId0f pkfWofon] pBf]u ljefudf ljlwjt\ btf{ u/]/ pQm Ph]G;L vf]n]sf x'g\ . t/, w]/} jif{;Dd klg lj1fkg Ph]G;Lsf] sfd u|fxsn] eg] cg';f/sf] ;xof]u ug{] ?kdf dfq /xof] . pkfWofo eG5g\, æu|fxsn] h] ;fdu|L h;/L pknAw u/fpFYof], ljgf s'g} l8hfOg TolQs} 5kfpg] rng lyof] .Æ

jL/u~h lrgL, hgsk'/ r'/f]6 / afF;jf/L 5fnf h'Qf sf/vfgfsf] :yfkgfkl5 lj1fkg Joj;fo klg a9\b} uof] . sDkgLsf nf]uf] xfNg], cIf/ ;fgf]–7"nf] kfg]{ h:tf l8hfOg klg x'g yfn] . g]kfndf sdl;{on cfl6{i6x¿ gePsfn] k6gf / snsQf k7fP/ l8hfOg / Tolta]nfsf] 5kfO{ k|ljlw cg';f/ lhÍ Ansx¿ agfpg' kb{Yof] . pkfWofosf cg';f/ zfxL g]kfn jfo';]jf lgudaf6 Pc/ 8s'd]06 u/]/ ef/tdf l8hfOgsf] …c8{/Ú k7fOGYof] / ptfaf6 ;a} agfP/ cfpFYof] .

@)@) sf] bzssf] k|d'v lj1fkgstf{ lyof] g]kfn AofÍ lnld6]8 . /fhf/fgLsf] hGdf]T;jdf tl:a/;lxtsf] z'esfdgf lbP/ …l8:Kn] lj1fkgÚ z'? ug]{ >]o klg g]kfn AofÍnfO{ g} hfG5 . To;kl5 uf]/vfkqsf tTsfnLg ;Dkfbs /fd/fh kf}8]nn] o:tf lj1fkgx¿ lbg c¿ u|fxsnfO{ klg k|f]T;flxt u/] . AofÍsf tTsfnLg 8fO/]S6/ sdndl0f bLlIft o:tf l;h{gzLn sfddf lgSs} cufl8 lyP . yf]/} zAb, ;/n g]kfnL / lrq;lxtsf] cjwf/0ffdf pgn] agfPsf lj1fkgx¿df j:t'nfO{ eGbf To;sf] …Od]hÚ nfO{ dxŒj lbPsf] kfOG5 . pkfWofo eG5g\, æof] Joj;fosf] k|f/lDes lbgx¿nfO{ ;D‰g] xf] eg] eGg} k5{, g]kfndf of] Joj;fo Jojl:yt x'g'df sdndl0f / g]kfn AofÍsf] 7"nf] of]ubfg 5 .Æ

pTkfbgsf] …Od]h xfOnfO6Ú u/]/ lj1fkg ug]{ sfd ;f‰f oftfoft / g]kfn a|'c/Ln] z'? u/]sf x'g\ . g]kfn a|'c/Lsf] :6f/ lao/ / cGo xNsf k]osf lj1fkgn] ;j{k|yd a|f08 Od]h agfpg z'? u/] . /fli6«o afl0fHo AofÍsf] :yfkgfkl5 d'n'sdf sfo{/t b'j} AofÍn] ns/sf] ;'ljwf, sd k};fdf vftf vf]Ng] h:tf cf–cfˆgf] ;]jfnfO{ dxŒj lbP/ lj1fkg ug{ yfn] . uf]/vfkq df 5flkPsf] g]kfn AofÍsf] …Aofhsf] k};f a9]/ w/x/f ePsf]Ú tyf …s]/fsf] af]6df klg cfFk kmNg ;S5Ú -x]g'{;\ afofF_ eGg] lj1fkg ;]jf k|rf/sf] gd"gf lj1fkg lyP .

lj1fkg 5fKg NofPjfkt ;~rf/dfWodn] Ph]G;LnfO{ lbg] !% k|ltzt sldzgsf] Joj:yf @)!^ ;fnb]lv g} nfu' lyof] . z'?–z'?df uf]/vfkq n] zAbsf] lx;fan] z'Ns lnGYof] eg] …l8:Kn] lj1fkgÚ z'? ePkl5 cfsf/sf] lx;fadf /]6 tf]lsof]– k|ltsnd O~r ?=@=%) . lghL If]qsf kqklqsfsf nflu Tolta]nfsf] k|d'v lj1fkgbftf g]kfn AofÍn] tf]s]sf] b/ /]6 g} w]/} jif{;Dd sfod /Xof] . c¿ lj1fkgsf] t'ngfdf ;dj]bgf lj1fkgsf] b/ rflxF cfw} sd x'GYof] .

/]l8of]df klg z'?–z'?df ;dosf] geO{ zAbsf] cfwf/df k};f lnP/ lj1fkg ahfOGYof] . k|foM u/]/ af]nLrfnLsf] efiffdf /]s8{ ePsf ;"rgfx¿ aHby] . @)@&÷@* ;fnlt/ dfq ;ËLt /fv]/ Jofkfl/s ;Gb]z cyf{t …lhËnÚ lbg yflnof] . ToxL tfsf kmf]6f] sG;g{n] :6'l8of] agfPkl5 ToxfF lj1fkg /]s8{ ug]{ / 6]k /]l8of]df nu]/ ahfpg] ug{ yflnof] .

lj1fkg Joj;fosf] Oltxf; nfdf] ;do;Dd ;':t ultdf cl3 a9]sf] ePtf klg k||hftGq k'g:yf{kgfkl5sf !$ jif{df eg] g]kfnL lj1fkg Joj;fon] /fd|} km8\sf] df/]sf] 5 . pbf/ gLltn] kmi6fPsf] ahf/ / cGt/f{li6«o ;Dks{n] lj1fkgsf] bfo/fnfO{ klg km/flsnf] kf/]sf] 5 . To:t} csf]{ sf/0f xf], k|];sf] ljZj;gLotf clg kf7s / ;~rf/dfWodx¿df ePsf] ckf/ j[l4 .

k|fyldstfsf ldl8of
clxn] 5fkf, /]l8of] / 6]lnlehg ltg} ljwfsf lj1fkgdf 7"nf] kl/jt{g cfPsf] 5 . kqklqsfsf lj1fkgx¿ /fd|f] ;fh;Hhf / cfsif{0fsf ;fy cfpg yfn]sf 5g\ eg] 6]lnlehgdf cfpg] lj1fkgx¿df /fd|} syfj:t', k|fljlws bIftf / eJotf b]Vg ;lsG5 . To:t}, ;ËLt, ljleGg Wjlg;fdu|L / ljz]if Okm]S6\; k|of]u ul/Psf /]l8of] lj1fkg klg sd cfsif{s 5}gg\ .

Jofj;flos x'g\ jf ;fdflhs, x/]s lj1fkgnfO{ b]ze/L k'¥ofpg] ;jf]{Qd dfWod c‰} klg /]l8of] g} xf] . g]kfndf hlt /]l8of]sf] ljsf; / k|efj blIf0f Pl;ofsf c¿ s'g} b]zdf 5}g . lghL PkmPd :6];gx¿n] t /]l8of] lj1fkgsf] If]q, bfo/f / sf/f]af/nfO{ w]/} dfly k'¥ofPsf 5g\ . lalhg]; P8efG6]hsf ;'a' >]i7sf] 5gf}6df, ækx'Frsf] lx;fan] /]l8of] pko'St dfWod xf] eg] k|efjsfl/tfsf] lx;fan] 6]lnlehg .Æ

t/, g]kfndf ;a}eGbf a9L lj1fkg rflxF lk|G6df x'G5 . kqklqsf x]g]{, k9\g] afgL / nfdf] ;do;Dd /xg] ltgsf] ljz]iftfn] ubf{ zx/L / k|foM oftfoft ;'ljwf k'u]sf If]qdf lk|G6 lj1fkgsf] k|efjsfl/tf /fd|} kfOPsf] 5 . 5fkf lj1fkgsf] csf]{ ljlzi6 kIf xf], ;dfrf/, n]vx¿ x]b}{, k9\b} hfFbf kf7sn] lj1fkgdf klg cfFvf 8'nfpg} kg{] l:ylt . l6eL sdl;{on cfpFbf Rofgn kl/jt{g u/]h:tf] ug{ ;lsFb}g kqklqsfdf . /, Pp6f k|efjsf/L lj1fkgn] ;]s]G8e/d} kf7ssf] Wofg tfGg;S5 . ca cfP/ sf7df8f}F aflx/ PkmPd :6];gx¿ v'Ng yfn]kl5 sltko sDkgLx¿n] kfn}kfnf] ljleGg zx/df jf cfˆgf] pTkfbg laqmL ljt/0f ug]{ zx/df dfq lj1fkg k|;f/0f ug]{ gLlt klg lng yfn]sf 5g\, h;n] ubf{ s]xL xb;Dd /]l8of] g]kfnn] /fli6«o k|;f/0fdf kfpg] lj1fkg k|efljt x'gyfn]sf] 5 .

af]8{ ls k|flws/0f <
g]kfn lj1fkg Ph]G;L ;+3 k|hftGqsf] k'g:yf{kgfkl5 btf{ ePsf ;+:yfx¿dWo]df kb{5 . o;/L lj1fkg Joj;fonfO{ ;+:yfut af6f]df n}hfg] >]o o'jf Joj;foL ldq;]g bfxfnnfO{ hfG5 . t/, xfn g]kfnL lj1fkg;Fu k|ToIf ¿kdf cfa4 g/x]sf bfxfn Ph]G;Lsf] ljsf; tyf cfgsf] sfo{z}nL;Fu ;Gt'i6 5}gg\ . lj1fkgdf b]lvPsf] Jofj;flostfk|lt nIo ub}{ pgL eG5g\, ægofF JolQmx¿ cfPkl5 pgLx¿n] k'/fgfn] eGbf leGg} tl/sfn] lj1fkgnfO{ k|:t't u/]sf dfq x'g\, Jofj;flos lj1fkgsf ;Dk"0f{ snfnfO{ k|of]udf Nofpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ .Æ

;/sf/n] lj1fkgnfO{ pBf]usf] ¿kdf dfGotf glbPsf] / lj1fkgsf nflu /fHon] s]xL gu/]sf] u'gf;f] klg 5 Joj;foLx¿sf] . bfxfn eG5g\, æxfdLn] kfpg] !% k|ltzt sldzgsf] klg efuj08f ug'{kb{5 . kqklqsfx¿ slt 5flkG5g\ eGg] hfFr ug]{ cl86 Ao'/f] ckm ;s'{n];g -Pla;L_ t 5 t/ To;n] sfd ug}{ ;s]sf] 5}g .Æ pgsf] egfO{df Pla;Ln] kqklqsfsf] ;s'{n]zg ;fj{hlgs gu/]sf sf/0f Pp6f lj1fkg cd's ldl8ofdf o;sf/0fn] lbg'k5{ eg]/ s;}n] k'i6L ug{ ;Sb}g .

lj1fkg Joj;foLn] lbPsf s/La () k|ltzt ;'‰fjx¿ ;dfj]z u/]/ ut jif{ ;/sf/n] bL3{sfnLg lj1fkg gLlt NofPsf] 5 . t/, lgod sfg"gsf] cefjdf of] sfuhd} ;Lldt 5 . gLltdf lj1fkg ljsf; af]8{sf] :yfkgf ug]{ elgPsf]df xfn} lj1fkg k|flws/0f agfpg] s'/f u/]/ ;/sf/n] ‰g} cGof}n yk]sf] 5 . lj1fkgsf] dxŒj ;/sf/n] klg a'´g g;s]sf] / cfkm"x¿n] klg a'‰fpg ;s]sf] atfpFb} efis/ eG5g\, æk|flws/0f s] xf] / s] ug{ agfpg], a'´g ;lsPsf] 5}g . ;/sf/L lj1fkg afF8\g] ;+oGq dfq} xf] ls h:tf] nfu]sf] 5 .Æ

r'gf}tLx¿
Jofj;flos lj1fkg Ph]G;Lx¿ c‰} klg !% k|ltzt sldzgsf] rSs/af6 d'Qm 5}gg\ . u|fxsx¿ klg Ph]G;L;Fu ;f]‰} ldl8ofn] lbg] sld;gaf6 cfkm"n] slt 5'6 kfpg] eGg] s'/f /fV5g\ . o;jfx]s u|fxsn] nfdf] ;do;Dd afFsL /fVg] aSof}tfn] klg Ph]G;Lx¿nfO{ cfR5'–cfR5' kf/]sf] x'G5 . efis/ eG5g\, ældl8ofn] lbg] qm]l86 ˆofl;ln6L / u|fxsn] e'QmfgL /f]Sg] cjlw tyf /sdsf] cGt/ Hofb} 7"nf] x'G5 .Æ

s:tf] lj1fkg ug]{, s:tf] gug]{ eGg] :ki6 gLlt clxn] klg g]kfnL lj1fkg Joj;fodf 5}g . of] ljjfb z'?sf lbgx¿b]lv g} 5 . g]kfndf lj1fkg;DaGwL cWoog / tflnd ;'ljwf 5}g . kqsfl/tf / cfd;~rf/ ljifodf k|df0fkqb]lv :gftsf]Q/ tx;Dd k9fpg] lqe'jg ljZjljBfnon] lj1fkg ljifonfO{ k|fyldstf lbPsf] 5}g . sf7df8f}F ljZjljBfnon] PdaLPdf !)) cÍsf] dfq lj1fkg k]k/ k9fpF5 . ;'a' >]i7 eG5g\, æjiff}{F;Dd x]nf ul/Psf] k]zf /Xof] of] .Æ

s'g} t]n / rfprfpsf] lj1fkgdf 8fS6/nfO{ k|of]u ul/Psf], eLd;]gn] lao/ lkPsf] lrq0f ul/Psf lj1fkg cfpFbf cfrf/;+lxtfsf] s'/f klg p7\g] ub{5 . g]kfnL lj1fkgx¿sf nflu cflwsfl/s cfrf/;+lxtf ag]s} 5}g . To;}n] Pp6fn] 7Ls 7fGg] lj1fkg csf]{n] unt 7fGg;S5 . efis/ eG5g\, æ3f]lift–c3f]lift h] eg] klg xfdL cfkm}F cfˆgf] nflu cfrf/;+lxtfsf] k|of]u ul//x]sf 5f}F .Æ

lj1fkg Joj;fosf] nflu Jofjxfl/s gLltlgod / cfrf/;+lxtfsf] vfFrf] /x]sf] Joj;foLx¿ atfpF5g\ . 3/, hflu/, u/uxgf, ljb]zofqf, df]6/–df]6/;fOsn nufot ljleGg pkxf/ /flvPsf lj1fkgsf] afx'No 5 ahf/df . laqmL k|a4{g sfo{qmd cGtu{t cfPsf o:tf lj1fkgx¿sf] cg'udg ug]{ lgsfo oxfF 5}g .

;j{;fwf/0f ;r]t eP lj1fkgsf] u'0f:t/ klg ;k|G5 . clxn] cl3 a9g yfn]sf] k|lt:kwf{Tds jhf/ 5 / ljZj;gLo ;~rf/dfWodx¿ klg 5g\ . Ifl0fs ptf/–r9fjsf] s'/f gug]{ xf] eg] o;sf] cy{ lj1fkgsf] ahf/ /fd|} 5 eGg] x'G5 . o;n] b]vfp5, cfd;~rf/sf tLg} ljwf– lk|G6, /]l8of] / 6]lnlehgdf lj1fkgsf] :t/ c‰} a9\g]5 . lj1fkgdf ljlzi6Ls/0f / o;sf] bfo/f km/flsnf] eP/ If]qLo tyf ;fd'bflos :t/;Dd k'U5 . ha gofF Joj;foLx¿ cfpF5g\, l;h{gfTdstf a9\g]5 .