bf]xf]/f] zf;g slxn];Dd <
æzx/df zflGt ufpFdf ;f:tLÆ -!–!% c;f/_ k9\bf klZrd g]kfnsf dfcf]jfbL clt k|efljt If]qsf ;j{;fwf/0f g]kfnL hgtfk|lt /fHo / dfcf]jfbL b'j}af6 HofbtL ePsf] nfUof] . hgtfsf] d'lQmsf nflu n8]sf] eGg] jxfgfdf hgtfnfO{ g} ;'ljwfaf6 jl~rt u/fpg' / b'Mv lbg' slt;Dd Gofof]lrt x'G5, dfcf]jfbLx¿n] uDeL/ eP/ ;f]Rg' cfjZos 5 . hgtfsf] dg bdgn] xf]Og ;xof]u / ;b\efjn] lhTg ;lsG5 eGg] dfcf]jfbL / ;'/IffsdL{x¿n] dgg\ ug'{k5{ . ToxfFsf hgtfn] bf]xf]/f] zf;gsf] rk]6faf6 l5§} d'lQm kfpg\ .

s'nbLk If]qL
a'lnª6f/–@, gjnk/f;L

u'0f:t/ / ;]jfz'Nsdf Wofg
æ;]jf :t/Lo eP z'Nsdf u'gf;f] x'Fb}gÆ -!–!% c;f/_ k9]kl5 :jf:Yo If]qsf sdL sdhf]/Lx¿ yfxf kfPF . :jf:Yo ;]jfdf x'g'kg]{ u'0f:t/ / ;]jfz'Nssf af/] n]vsn] eg]‰}F Wofg lbg] xf] eg] clwsf+z 8fS6/x¿ lj/fdL / ltgsf kl/jf/af6 cf/f]lkt x'gaf6 hf]lug] 5g\ .

uf]kfn a/fn
a/fxIf]q–$, ;'g;/L

nfb]g ls x';]g <
ækfFrf}F jif{df cfO{O{;LÆ -!–!% c;f/ @)^)_ df Ps hgf g]kfnL r]nLsf] klx/g b]v]/ crDd nfUof] . O/fs o'4sf b'O{ gfOs] hh{ a'; / 6f]gL An]o/sf 3fF6Ldf ‰'l08g] /+uLlj/+uL 6fO{ lvk]/ xfd|L r]nLn] hfdf kf] nufOl5g\ Û Tolt dfq xf] / < xftdf / v'§fdf klg 6fO afFw]sL Û of] t klZrdL ;Eotfsf] …cledfgÚ 6fOsf] b'?kof]u ePg / < st} o:fvfn] klx/gsf l8hfOg/ nfb]g of x';]g t xf]Ogg\ <

b]jgf/fo0f sfˆn]
cof]Wofk'/L, df8L, lrtjg

u/f}F cg'udg
slt n'l6g] oL kxf8x¿ < -;]/f]km]/f] !^–#! h]7_ df elgPsf] ;To s'/f sltnfO{ gkRg ;S5 . ljb]zaf6 cfoft u/L g]kfndf ag]sf] 6fFrf nufO{ ef/t k7fpg] sfd s;n] ub}{5 eGg] s'/f cjZo klg cg'udgsf] ljifo xf] .

;'af]w If]qL
nfxfg–!, l;/fxf

slt ;kgf b]Vg] <
æqmflGtsf gfos / ;kgfsf] Jofkf/Æ
-!^–#! h]7_ oyfy{k/s, ljZn]if0ffTds / dggLo 5 . hgtf;Fu ;DalGwt cg]sf}F k|ZgnfO{ n]vs -8f= ;/f]h lwtfn_ n] ;/n ¿kdf k|:t't ug'{ePsf] 5 . To;}n] s;sf nflu qmflGt ug]{ eGg] s'/f xfdLn] ;f]Rg'k5{ . ;Lldt af7fx¿nfO{ ;Qfdf k'¥ofpg xfdLn] slxn];Dd alnbfg lbg] < @))&, )!&, )$^ ;fndf hgtfnfO{ dL7f] ;kgf b]vfpg]n] s] u/] < s] hgtfsf] ;kgf k"/f eof] < dnfO{ /fHo b]pm d …/fd/fHoÚ lbG5' eGb} c‰} qmflGt jf cfGbf]ngdf hgtfnfO{ plqg pS;fpg] h'g;'s} jfbsf] ceLi6 ;Qf xf] eGg] s'/f k|dfl0ft eO;Sof] . xf]Og eg] lsg slxNo} klg d'n'sdf ljsf; x'g ;s]g <

dft[sf kf}8]n
6lÍl;gjf/L–!, df]/Ë

ljr/f tf/f
…Ps cfGbf]ngsf/Lsf] JoyfÚ -!^–#! h]7_ n] @)$^ ;fndf ePsf] hgcfGbf]ng km]l/ ;D‰fof] . cfGbf]ngsf] gfddf s}of}Fn] Hofgsf] cfx"lt lbP eg] slt hgf tf/f v8\sf h:t} cnkq k/]sf xf]nfg\ . hgtfsf] kl;gfaf6 el/Psf] b]zsf] 9's'6LnfO{ l/Tofpg] …g]tfÚ x¿n] tf/f h:tf o'jfx¿sf] C0f slxn] r'sfpnfg\ <

pQd e§/fO{
kf]=a=g+= *!*, n}grf}/, sf7df8f}F

aGbgfnfO{ ;fGTjgf
æ;]gsf] dlxdf / aGbgfsf] ;':s]/fÆ -!^–#! h]7, vu]Gb| ;ª\u|f}nf_ k9]kl5 cToGt b'Mv nfUof] . ;ft jif{ nfdf] ;ª\3if{ / pynk'yndf ;]gh:tf s}of}Fn] cfˆgf] hLjg pT;u{ u/]sf 5g\ . b]zn] k"0f{ zflGt / lgsf; kfPkl5 aGbgfh:tf a];xf/f / 6'x'/fx¿n] /fxt, ;xof]u / zxLbx¿n] cjZo ;Ddfg / sb/ kfpg] 5g\ eGg] ljZjf; u/f}F .

g]d/fh 3n] …lg/fzÚ
af/kfs–(, uf]/vf

sxfF 5g\ a'4 <
æsxfF 5g\ ufGwLÆ -!^–#! h]7_ zLif{ssf] …kf]i6/Ú l;h{gfTds t nfUof] t/ To;df ;+of]lht lrqn] lbg vf]h]sf] s'/f] :ki6 nfu]g . kf]i6/df :joDe"sf b'O{ cfFvfsf] k[i7e"lddf ufGwL plePsf 5g\ . zflGtsf] efjgf hfUg] ljlQs} xfd|f] dgdf uf}td a'4sf] ;D‰gf cfpF5 . …zflGtsf k|tLsÚ a'4eGbf k/lt/ s;sf] gfd lng'knf{ / < a'4 / ufGwL b'j} cfˆgf 7fpFdf :t'To 5g\ . t/ cfˆgf] /fli6«o ;Gbe{ / k[i7e"ldnfO{ klg dgg ug'{ h?/L x'G5 h:tf] dnfO{ nfU5 . xfdL xfd|f a'4 ufGwLeGbf cufl8 plePsf] x]g{ rfxG5f}F .

ho/fh e§/fO{
sf7df8f}F 8f]g a:sf] sn]h
gofF afg]Zj/, sf7df8f}F

ækl/jt{gsf Ph]08fÆ -!^–#! h]7_ n] k9\g]nfO{ leq}b]lv 3r3RofPsf] 5 . sgs bLlIftsf] ætYo / ts{sf] vfFrf]Æ n] /x:o / e|dsf] v]tL ug]{x¿nfO{ rf]l6nf] k|xf/ u/]sf] 5 .

ædfcf], ufGwL / lbJof]kb]zÆ n] e|ldt kfg{ vf]lhPsf] dx;"; eof] . ljb]zL afFb/x¿sf] cfFvf lrDn]/ cg';/0f ug{ vf]Hg] g]kfnL ;dfhsf] :jefjnfO{ To;df Psflt/ lj/f]w ul/Psf] 5 eg] csf]{lt/ ef/taf6 …ufGwLjfbÚ leœofpg'kg]{ s'/fsf] jsfnt klg 5 . ufGwLsf] …/fd/fHoÚ klg oyfy{df Pp6f sfNklgs Joj:yf dfq xf] .

vu]Gb| lu/L …sf]lknfÚ
dx]Gb|gu/, s~rgk'/

hghflt k5fl8
…tYo / ts{sf] vfFrf]Ú -!^–^! h]7_ n] cfˆgf] ;'ljwf / :jfy{k"lt{sf] nflu ;TonfO{ aª\UofP/ k|:t't ug]{ ;+:sf/ ePsf xfd|f g]tf / a'l4hLjLx¿sf] cr]tg dgnfO{ cjZo ‰S‰SofPsf] x'g'k5{ . ;f]xL cÍsf] æk|ltlglwTjsf] nflu cf/If0fÆ df afx'g÷If]qLsf] /fli6«o k~rfot ;b:o ;ª\Vof @)#& ;fndf %) k|ltzt /x]sf]df @)%^ ;fndf ^# k|ltzt k'u]sf] Pj+ ;/sf/L hflu/df afx'g÷If]qLsf] pkl:ylt @)$)÷$@ ;fnsf] ^( k|ltzt a9]/ @)%& ;fndf (* k|ltzt k'u]sf] b]Vbf lk5l8Psf] hghfltsf] cj:yfdf k|hftGqn] ;'wf/ Nofpg g;s]sf] :ki6 eof] . s] o;tkm{ s;}sf] Wofg hfnf <

sdn ;'Aaf, s[i0f u'?ª
xfnM ;+o'Qm c/a cld/ft\

;g\ !(%) sf] ;lGw vf/]h ubf{ ljb]zL jf g]kfnL s;nfO{ dsf{ k5{ eGg] tkm{ s;}n] klg Wofg k'¥ofPsf] b]lvFb}g . h;df hgtfnfO{ n8\g k7fpg] clg cfkm"nfO{ jL/ g]kfnL eg]/ k'sfg]{ afgL Tofu]/ cGw/fi6«jfbsf] kl5 nfUg 5f8f}F . To;n] s;}sf] klg lxt ub}{g .

cf/= :jf/
wgu9L gu/kflnsf, s}nfnL

lsg o:tf] cGof]n <
æsf]l/ofsf] nfOgÆ -!–!% h]7_ k9]kl5 j}b]lzs /f]huf/df cfslif{t g]kfnL o'jfx¿sf] hdftnfO{ :jb]zd} /f]huf/sf] Joj:yf u/L /fi6« lgdf{0fsf] sfddf ;l/s u/fpg'sf] abnf /fi6«nfO{ /fhgLlts cGof]nsf] e'd/Ldf slt~h]n hfls/xg] eGg] nfUof] .

df]xgrGb| bfxfn
xfnM kmfs'Daf–!, tfKn]h'ª

b]zdf ;'zf;g sfod u/L e|i6frf/, 3';vf]/L / sldzgtGqdf k"0f{ aGb]h nufO{ :jl0f{d g]kfnsf] lgdf{0f u/f}F . ljleGg sf/0fn] b]z 5f]8]/ ljb]lzPsf xfdLh:tf s}of}F g]kfnL o'jfx¿nfO{ :jb]zdf g} plrt /f]huf/ lbO{ ljb]zL bnfnsf xftaf6 d'Qm u/fpg'xf];\ oxL 5 ;Dk"0f{ b]zaf;Lx¿nfO{ xfdL k|jf;Lx¿sf] gofF jif{sf] z'esfdgf;Fu} cg'/f]w .

o'j/fh lg/f}nf
kf]=a=g+= ^((@, o'PO{, b'aO{

d'n'ssf] phf{zLn zlQm o;/L knfog x'g' s'g} klg /fi6«sf nflu z'e ;Í]t xf]Og . o;sf] d"No g]kfnL ;dfh / /fi6«n] sfnfGt/df r'sfpg' t kg]{5 . j}b]lzs /f]huf/af6 sfdbf/sf kl/jf/ cf+lzs ¿kdf nfeflGjt t xf]nfg\ t/ ljb]zdf sfd ug]{x¿ qf;sf] jftfj/0fdf afFr]sf x'G5g\ . lsgeg] s'g} klg a]nf ;dfltP/ g]kfn kmls{g'kg]{ eo x'G5 pgLx¿nfO{ .

nf]s u'?ª
xfnM a]nfot

;]gf a9fpg' d"v{tf x'G5
æ;}lgs j[l4 jf s6f}tL <Æ -!–!% h]7_ df kf7s k|ltlqmofx¿ lgs} /f]rs lyP . h;dWo] …df; ;]gfÚ u7g -Oh/fon, :jL6\h/Nof08 o;sf pbfx/0f x'g\_ u/]/ zfxL Pj+ hg;]gfnfO{ …ljsf;] ;]gfÚ agfpFb} n}hfg] ;DaGwdf ;f]Rg'k5{ eGg] ljrf/ lgs} lrQa'´bf] / k|efjsf/L nfUof] . æ=== jftf{ ;kmn eP t ;]gfsf] ;ª\Vof s6f}tL ug}{k5{, t/ eË ePdf ga9fO{ ;'v} 5}g,Æ lgZrn …yf]kfÚ sf] of] ljrf/ eg] dfGg ;lsPg . lsgeg], ljutdf klg ;Í6sfn nufP/ ;]gf kl/rfng ul/Ps} xf] . t/, dfcf]jfbL ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg x'g ;s]g . vfnL lgbf]{if dfG5] dfg]{ / ;d:ofsf] cfuf]df £o" yKg] sfd eof] . To;}n] ;}lgs ;ª\Vof j[l4 u/L, hgtf df/]/ dfq dfcf]jfbL ;d:of ;dfwfg x'G5 eGg] ;f]rfO d"v{tf l;jfo s]xL xf]Og . ;ftjif]{ hgo'4nfO{ dgg\ ubf{, d'n'sdf bL3{sfnLg zflGt;'Joj:yf sfod ug{, ;Qfsf bfj]bf/x¿n] hgtfsf] kIfdf Tofu ug'{kg]{ pko'Qm ;do cfOk'u]sf] a'l‰G5 .

v's'/Ln] af6fdf nufOPsf sfF9fx¿ sfl6P t /fd|} xf] t/ au}Frfsf sf]lknfx¿ 7'GSofOPdf /fd|f] x'Fb}g . cGttM …ax;Ú df s[i0f xf5]y'åf/f p7fOPsf s'/fx¿nfO{ ax;sf] ljifo agfO{ lgisif{df k'Ug'kg]{ b]lvG5 .

OGb|s'df/ >]i7
;/:jtL dflj, cf]vn9'Ëf

z'esfdgf÷;Nnfx
æg]kfnL kqsfl/tfdf lxdfn sf ;o cÍÆ -!^–#! h]7_ /fd|f] nfUof] . lxdfn df ;d;fdlos 36gfsf] ulx/fO;Dd k'u]/ ul/Psf] ljZn]if0f lgs} k7gLo x'G5 . pbfx/0fsf] ¿kdf /fhb/af/sf] xTofsf08 nuQ} lgl:sPsf cÍnfO{ lng ;lsG5 . lxdfn sf] n]vnfO{ g} clwsf+z klqsfn] bf]xf]¥ofP/ 5fk]sf lyP . ;Í6sfn k|f/De ePkl5 k|hftGqdfly vt/f 5 eGg] g} lxdfn lyof] .
t/, lxdfn sf] g/fd|f] kIf klg 5 . lxdfn n] cfj/0f k[i7sf] OG;]6 / leqL k]hdf o'jtLsf] kmf]6f] /fVg' To;sf] pbfx/0f xf] . lj1fkg a9L 5fKg' / l56\l56f] d"No j[l4 ug'{ klg /fd|f] kIf xf]Og .
;dLIffdf lxdfn nfO{ ;fKtflxs agfpg'kg]{ s'/f n]lvPsf] 5, t/ o; s'/f;Fu d ;xdt 5}g . ;fKtflxsdf 36gfsf] ljZn]if0f ulx/fO;Dd gx'g;S5 ls <

lgZrn æyf]kfÆ
gf/fo0fk'/–!, bfª

g]kfnL efifL kf7sx¿sfaLr nf]slk|o ag]sf] lxdfn va/klqsf n] Ps ;o cÍ k|j]z u/]sf]df v'zL nfUof] . xflb{s awfO{ Û eljiodf c‰ vf]hd"ns / uDeL/ ljifox¿df n]v / l/kf]6{x¿ k9\g kfOof];\ .

uËf/fd cof{n
s'df/Lkf6L–!(, nlntk'/
e'jg]Zj/ cof{n
>L UjfbL dflj, u'NdL
bLks sfsL{
/fd]5fk, w';fn

;o cÍ k|j]z u/]sf]df lxdfn va/klqsf nfO{ awfO{ Û cfOGbf lr7Lkq :tDedf k|sflzt x'g] pTs[i6 kf7s k|ltlqmofnfO{ tLgb]lv ^ dlxgf;Dd lxdfn lgMz'Ns pknAw u/fP s;f] xf]nf <

g]qs'df/ g]kfn
;Kt/L, xfnM a'6jn

lxdfn k};f sdfpg] dfWod dfq gagf];\ . e/df/ lj1fkg 5fKg'eGbf hgtfsf hNbfaNbf ;d:of 5flkpg\ .

Oz' z]kf{
w/fg–!!, ;'g;/L

sfod /xf];\ ;b\efj
o;kflnsf] k|]; kmf]6f] cGtu{t æzflGtsf] l;~rgÆ -!–!% h]7_ wfld{s ;lxi0f'tfsf] pTs[i6 gd"gf xf] . ax'hflt, ax'wfld{s tyf ax';f+:s[lts xfd|f] b]z g]kfn wfld{s :jtGqtfsf] nflu ljZje/ kl/lrt /xg' g} xfd|f nflu v';L / uf}/jsf] ljifo x'g]5 . s] Tof] tl:a/n] ;a}nfO{ oxL s'/f l;sfpg ;Snf <

lzj 9'Ëfgf >L l;4:yfg k|f=lj=, cf]vn9'Ëf

uhn
cfdf / hGde"ld Kof/f] x'Fbf] /}Ú5
afa'/fdsf] Úlg dgnfO{ dft[k|]dn] 5'Fbf] /}Ú5

afa'cfdf lnO{ ltdL tLy{ lxF8]5f} afa'
xfd|f t 5f]/f dfl/P To;}, cfF;' r'x'Fbf] /}Ú5

afWotf / cefjn] ;]gf, hg;]gf eP 5f]/f
le8Gtdf dfl/Pkl5 dft[ dg ?Fbf] /}Ú5

cGwljZjf;sf] lj/f]wL x'F eG5f} afa'/fd
t/, cf:yf, ljZjf; dfg{ ufx|f] x'Fbf] /}Ú5

h]h] efYof] ljutdf, Oltxf; agfOb]p
afFRg]sf] t dfof nfU5, ;do cfF;' w'Fbf] /}Ú5

-;a} g]kfnL a[4 af–cfdfsf tkm{af6_ k|sfz cf:yf, uf]:of{Ë–&, g'jfsf]6