/fhwfgLsf] o'jf
dg
sf7df8f}Fsf o'jfx¿sf] nIo dxŒjfsf+IfL
5, t/ Tof] s;/L xfl;n ug]{ eGg] s'/fdf pgLx¿ cGof}ndf
5g\ .
/fhwfgLsf tGg]/Lx¿ s] ;f]R5g\– s] u5{g\–
s] rfxG5g\ < oL / o:t} k|Zgx¿ lnP/ sf7df8f}F ljZjljBfnocGtu{t
sf7df8f}F sn]h ckm Dofg]hd]G6sf ljBfyL{åo gd|tf >]i7
/ g/]z cu|jfn n] lxdfn sf nflu ^ ;ftf nfdf] cWoog u/]sf lyP .
To; qmddf !% b]lv @% jif{ pd]/ ;d"xsf hDdf #)( hgf ljBfyL{df‰
;j]{If0f ul/Psf] lyof], h;df !^@ s]6f / !$& s]6L k/]sf
lyP . ;xefuLx¿sf] 5gf}6 d'VotM :s"n, sn]h,
ljZjljBfno, sf]lrª ;]G6/, sDKo'6/ OlGi6Ro'6 cflbaf6 ul/Psf]
lyof] / g]kfnL kqklqsf gk9\g] ju{nfO{ To;df ;fd]n ul/Psf]
lyPg .
km';{bdf
s] u5{g\ <
sNkgf ug'{;\ t, sf7df8f}Fsf clwsf+z tGg]/Lx¿ km';{b
ldNgf;fy s] u5{g\ < l6eL x]5{g\, 3'Dg hfG5g\, ukm xfFs]/
a:5g\, ;'t]/ latfpF5g\ . cxF, ldn]g . pgLx¿n]
t ;do kfpgf;fy lstfa jf kqklqsf kf] k9\bf /x]5g\ .
æb}lgs km';{bsf] ;do s;/L latfpg'x'G5 <Æ
eg]/ k|Zg ubf{ ^$ k|ltzt o'jfx¿n] atfP, æk9]/Æ .
nfu]g t crDd Û k9\g] afgL 36\of] eGb} lrGtf ul/xfNg'kg]{
a]nf ePsf] /x]g5 .
k9\g] hdftkl5 dfq kbf{ /x]5g\, l6eL x]g]{x¿ .
s/La $% k|ltztn] rflxF km';{bsf] ;do l6eL x]/]/ latfpFbf
/x]5g\ . ;fyLx¿;Fu a;]/ ;do s6fpg] / OG6/g]6
;lkm{ª ug]{x¿sf] ;ª\Vof To;kl5 cfpFbf]
/x]5 .
s] k9\5g\
<
ætkfO{Fn] k9\g] g]kfnL Dofu]lhg s'g xf] <Æ
;j]{If0fsf qmddf ;f]lwPsf] csf]{ Pp6f k|Zgsf] hjfkm lxdfn
va/klqsf cfkm}F ePsf] 5 . /fhwfgLsf %% k|ltzt o'jfx¿n]
lxdfn nfO{ dg k/fPsf 5g\ . g]kfn kflIfs bf];|f] gDa/df
k/]sf] 5 eg] #$ k|ltztsf] /f]hfO o'jfd~r ePsf] 5 .
To;kl5 qmdzM sfdgf, ;jf]{Qd, dw'ks{, d"NofÍg
/ ljdf]rg k/]sf 5g\ .
g]kfnL efiffsf b}lgs cvaf/x¿df rflxF klxnf] gDa/df
sflGtk'/ k/]sf] 5 eg] uf]/vfkq, g]kfn ;dfrf/kq, :k];6fOd
/ /fhwfgL nfO{ o'jf k':tfn] xf/fxf/Ld} /fv]sf] 5 .
a|f]8l;6 afx]s ;fgf] cfsf/sf ;GWofsfnLg, dxfgu/ / sdf08/
klg pNn]v u/]sf 5g\, pgLx¿n] .
lsg
k9\5g\ <
;j]{If0fsf qmddf yfxf nfUof], /fhwfgLsf o'jfx¿n]
cf};tdf dfl;s tLg j6f Dofu]lhg lsGbf /x]5g\ . lsg Dofu]lhg
lsg]sf] eGg] lh1f;f /fVbf () k|ltzteGbf a9Lsf] egfO lyof],
To;df ljljw lsl;dsf ;"rgf / ;fdu|Lx¿ kfOG5g\ .
afFsL c¿x¿n] rflxF dgf]/~hgsf lgldQ, a'l4
ltvfg{, efiff /fd|f] kfg{ / ;do u'hfg{ klqsf k9\g] u/]sf]
atfP . ;"rgfd"ns ;dfrf/ k9\g rfxg] o'jf kf7sx¿sf]
klxnf] /f]hfO{ …b}lgs tyf ;d;fdlos 36gfÚ x'Fbf]/x]5 .
To;kl5 w]/} -$^ k|ltzt_ sf] lj1fg tyf k|ljlw;DaGwL ;dfrf/df
?lr b]lvof] . clg z}lIfs, :jf:Yo, sl/c/;DaGwL, k':ts÷;ËLt÷l;g]dfsf]
;dLIff, Jofkf/÷cy{ Joj:yf, /fhgLlt, ;fdflhs ljifoj:t'
/ ck/fw;DaGwL ;"rgfd"ns ;dfrf/ k|fyldstfdf k/]sf
cGo ljifo lyP .
dgf]/~hgsf nflu klqsf k9\g] o'jf hdftn] rflxF klxnf] gDa/df
xf:oJoª\UonfO{ /fv]sf] 5 . To;kl5 ltgn] qmdzM
syf÷;flxTo÷sljtf, ;fdfGo 1fg÷sf]7]kb,
;ËLt;DaGwL, /flzkmn, l;g]df;DaGwL, km];g;DaGwL / 8]l6ª,
kqldqtf;DaGwL ;fdu|L dg k/fpg] u/]sf] atfP . ;xefuL
o'jfx¿dWo] ^& k|ltztn] lxdfn df xfn 5flkFb} u/]sf
l/kf]6{ / cfn]vx¿k|lt ;Gt'li6 k|s6 u/]sf lyP .
;fOj/
;~hfn
;fOj/ ;~hfndf /dfpg] tGg]/Lx¿sf] ;ª\Vof sf7df8f}Fdf
a9]sf] s'/fnfO{ lxdfn sf] ;j]{If0fn] klg ;xL ;fljt u/]sf]
5 . pQ/bftfdWo] ^# k|ltztn] cfkm"n] lgoldt ¿kdf
OG6/g]6 ;km{ ug]{ u/]sf] atfP . tLdWo] $& k|ltztn]
;fOj/ Sofkm]df uP/ g]6 x]bf{ /x]5g\ eg] c¿n] rflxF
qmdzM 3/, clkm;÷:s"n÷sn]h / cGo 7fpFdf .
g]kfnL
g} Kof/f]
pku|x 6]lnlehg / ljb]zL uLt–;ËLtsf] cf]O/f] nfu]
klg g]kfnL o'jfx¿sf] klxnf] /f]hfOdf …g]kfnLÚ
g} k/]sf] 5 . h:tf] ls, ætkfO{F s:tf] k|sf/sf]
uLt–;ËLt ;'Gg'x'G5Æ eg]/ k|Zg /fVbf $$ k|ltztn]
hjfkm lbPM æg]kfnL kkÆ . To;kl5 ‰08}
$) k|ltztn] nf]suLt dg k/fpg] atfP . clg dfq kfnf]
cfof], gofF lxGbL lkmNdsf uLtx¿sf], hf] #% k|ltztsf]
5gf}6df k/]sf] lyof] . uLtdf ‰}+ l6eL Rofgndf
klg cfZro{hgs 9Ën] g]kfn 6]lnlehg ;jf{lws nf]slk|o
b]lvPsf] 5 . ;aeGbf w]/} x]g]{ tLg j6f l6eL Rofgnsf]
gfd ;f]Wbf s/La ^) k|ltzt o'jfx¿n] Pg\l6eL /f]h]sf
lyP . To;kl5 qmdzM :6f/ Kn;, g];gn Hof]u|flkms, ;f]gL,
Pd\l6eL, aLaL;L, l8:se/L, Rofgn g]kfn, :6f/ Go'h / ;LPgPgnfO{
rog u/]sf 5g\ pgLx¿n] . ;j]{If0fsf qmddf e]l6Psf
o'jfx¿dWo] #@ k|ltztn] lkmNd x]g]{ u/]sf] atfP, h;dWo]
clwsf+z -%) k|ltzteGbf a9L_ n] lxGbL lkmNd dg k/fpFbf /x]5g\ .
clg dfq g]kfnL / cª\u|]hL l;g]df /f]hfOdf kg]{ u/]sf]
tYoaf6 yfxf eof] .
3'Dg ghfg]
csf]{ k|Zg lyof], tkfO{F dlxgfdf slt k6s 3'Dg hfg'x'G5,
l;g]df, /]:6'/fF, kfs{ jf cGo st} < ljbfsf lbgx¿df
gu/sf]6, uf]bfj/L, ssgL h:tf pkTosf jl/kl/sf uGtJox¿df
eL8ef8 b]lvP klg, dxfgu/sf /]:6'/]G6 / l;g]df xnx¿df
3'FOrf] eP klg hjfkm rflxF cln km/s cfPsf] 5 . #$ k|ltzt
o'jfx¿n] dfl;s !÷@ k6s dfq 3'Dg hfg] u/]sf]
atfP eg] @( k|ltztn] t …Psbd} yf]/}Ú dfq lg:sg]
u/]sf] hgfP . @@ k|ltztn] #–% k6s, & k|ltztn]
%–!) k6s / * k|ltztn] !) eGbf a9L k6s 3'Dg] u/]sf]
pNn]v u/]sf 5g\ .
låljwfu|:t
k':tf
/fhwfgLsf o'jfx¿n] cfˆgf] …sl/c/Ú
;DaGwL ;d:ofdf c¿af6 ;xof]u / ;Nnfxsf] ck]Iff /fVbf
/x]5g\, cfkm}F lg0f{o ug{ ;Sg] Ifdtf yf]/}df dfq /x]5 .
:jf:Yo;DaGwL dfldnfdf klg w]/}n] c¿af6 ;'‰fj
lng] u/]sf] atfP . jt{dfg k':tf cGof}n / låljwfdf
/x]5 eGg] s'/f æcfheGbf tLg jif{kl5 tkfO{F s] ul//x]sf]
x'g'x'g]5 <Æ eGg] k|Zg ubf{ yfxf eof] . ;aeGbf
a9L #& k|ltztn] To;j]nf;Dd kl9/x]sf] x'g] atfP eg] ##
k|ltztn] s'g} …sfdÚ df Jo:t /xg] pNn]v u/] .
k9\g] jf sfd ug]{, b'j} yl/df cfsf+Iff rflxF pRr b]lvPsf]
lyof], t/ Tof] nIodf s;/L k'Ug] eGg] s'/fdf rflxF a/fa/L
cGof}n e]l6of] .
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gd|tf
>]i7
æ;j]{If0fsf qmddf vf;u/L b'O{ lsl;dsf o'jfx¿
km]nf k/] . Psyl/n] lsg o:tf] b'Mv ul//x]sf], cfkm}F
kmd{ e/]/ ;j]{sf] l/hN6 lgsfNbf klg eOxfNof] lg ;d]t
eg] . csf]{ hdftrflxF Psbd} ;r]t b]lvof] / xfd|f] sfdnfO{
/fd|/L ;3fof] klg . o;afx]s aLrsf o'jfx¿rflxF
vf;} km]nf k/]gg\ .Æ
g/]z
cu|jfn
æxfdLn] e]6]sf w]/} o'jfx¿ dxŒjfsf+IfL
b]lvP . pgLx¿n] cfˆgf] lnleª :6f088{
a9fpg] / hLjgdf ;kmn x'g] nIo t lnPsf 5g\, t/ Tof]
s;/L xfl;n ug]{ eGg] s'/fdf Psbd} cGof}nu|:t b]lvPsf
5g\ . h:tf] ls xfdLn] tLg jif{kl5 s] ug]{ eg]/ ;f]Wbf
w]/}hgfn] sGˆo'H8 pQ/ lbP .Æ
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