xl/ /f]sf
5 dlxgfleq lgjf{rg u/fP/ gofF ;+;b
u7g ug]{ jfrf ;lxt * h]7, @)%( df tTsfnLg ;+;b eË
ul/Psf] lyof] . To]f jrg k"/f ug'{kg]{
;+j}wflgs Dofb * dª\l;/df u'lh|of], t/ ;+;bsf]
r'gfj tf]lsPsf] ltly leq gePsf] dfq xf]Og, ca slxn]
x'G5 of x'Fb}g eGg] k|Zgdf clN‰Psf] 5 .
r'gfjsf] 3f]if0ff u/fP/ tf]lsPsf] ldltdf r'gfj u/fpg
;lsgFÙ Dofb a9fO kfpFm eg]/ chL{ xfNg b/af/
uPsf] ;/sf/nfO{ …c;IfdÚ sf] ljNnf le/fO{
unxTofOof] / ;Dk"0f{ /fhsLo sfo{sf/L clwsf/
/fhfåf/f cfˆgf] xftdf lnOof] . To;f]
u/]sf] klg b'O{ dlxgf gfl3;Sof] . t/, g t lgjf{rgsf]
3f]if0ff ePsf] 5, g s'g} /fhsLo …;IfdtfÚ
g} k|bz{g x'g;s]sf] 5 . o;/LÙ ;fljssf]
;+;b eË ePsf] ^ dlxgfleq lgjf{rgdfkm{t\ gofF
;+;b u7g gePsf] sf/0f g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg, @)$&
d[t ePsf] 5 . t}klg lxhf]sf] ;+ljwfgnfO{ l;/fgL
xfNg] sfdsf] k"0f{lj/fd ePsf] 5}g . c‰}
lhpFbf] 5 eg]/ cf–cfkm"nfO{ lxt ug]{ k|fSsyg
/ wf/fx¿sf] JofVof ;a} kIfaf6 eO/x]5 .
/fhfsf] gLltM km'6fpg]
ljeflht zlQmnfO{ …c‰ h'wfpm / kmfObf n]pmÚ–
g]kfn b/af/sf] k'/fgf] /0fgLlts rng xf] . To;}
cg'?k, cfh klg b/af/n] hËnsf dfcf]jfbL, kbsf]
k'gj{xfnL rfxg] k|hftflGqs sfª\u|];, ;+;bsf]
k'gj{xfnL rfxg] g]kfnL sfª\u|]; tyf cfˆgf]
g]t[Tjdf wf/f !@* cGtu{t wf/f !!$ sf] JofVof cg'?k
;j{bnLo ;/sf/ rfxg] Pdfn]nfO{ dHhfn] xNnfO{ /x]sf]
5 . cfkm"åf/f ;+ljwfgsf] cIf/zM
kfngf ePsf] bfaL ul//x]sf] b/af/n], cfˆgf]
zlQm;~rosf nflu /fhgLlts cfTdxTof ug{ rfxg]x¿
/ /fhgLlts ;d:ofsf] k|fljlws ;dfwfg vf]Hg] …JolQmÚ
x¿sf] ;d"xnfO{ ;/sf/sf] ku/L u'tfOlbPsf]
5 . ;]gfsf] andf cfkm"x?nfO{ /fhgLlt /
;Qfaf6 k[ys\ ug]{ v]ndf /fhf ;d]t /x]sf] s'/f kf6L{sf
g]tfx¿n] w]/} k6s bf]xf]¥ofO{ ;s]sf 5g\ .
…An8n]; s"Ú sf] kfls:tfgL, d';/{km
k/Dk/fnfO{ lhTg xfn} 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] …gful/s
clegGbgÚ cleofgnfO{ 7"nf] åGå
glgDTofOsg lj:tf/} zlQmzfnL aGg] /fhfsf] Pp6f …/fhgLlts
l/x;{nÚ sf] ¿kdf lng ;lsG5 .
dfcf]jfbLM p:t} Jojxf/
lg0ff{os o'4 jf jt{dfg /fhgLlts hl6ntfsf] l5gf]kmfgf]sf
nflu zlQmsf] w|'jLs/0f -dfcf]jfbL of /fhfjfbLsf]_
xf];\ eGg] rfx]sf dfcf]jfbLx¿nfO{ !* c;f]hsf]
zfxL 3f]if0ff ;xof]uL x'g ;SYof] xf]nf . t/,
jftf{dfkm{t\ cfˆgf tLg j6f /fhgLlts zt{ k"/f
ug{ cGttM ;a} zlQmx¿ Ps}7fpFdf pleg} k5{
eGg] cg'dfg / rfxgfÙ glhs x'g;Sg] zlQmx¿dfly
p;sf] cfˆg}vfn] Jojxf/ / /fhgLltdf b]lvPsf]
cljZjf;sf] ljzfn v8]/Ln] ubf{ /fhgLlts ¿kdf
dfcf]jfbLx? cf]‰]ndf kb}{ uO/x]sf 5g\ .
dxf;Í6leq k/]kl5 g]kfnL hgtf d'lQmsf] dfu{tkm{
cfkmF} cu|;/ x'G5g\ / dfcf]jfbL g]t[TjnfO{ cFufN5g\
eGg] dfcf]jfbL cfu|xn] hgtfnfO{ ljb]z knfog jf c¿
;+;bLo zlQmx¿sf] z/0fdf kg{ ljjz kf/]sf]
5 . ;+;bLo /fhgLlts bnx¿sf] ;efdf b]lvPsf]
ckf/ pkl:yltn] klg kl5Nnf] oyfy{sf] k'li6 u5{ .
tyflk, !* c;f]hsf] 36gfkl5 /fhfaf6 6fl9Psf zlQmx¿nfO{
cfkm" cg's"n kfg{ dfcf]jfbLn] cfˆgf]
lx+;fTds ultljlwnfO{ yk lg/Gt/tf k|bfg u/]sf] 5 .
b'O{ sfª\u|];M b'O{ dfu
s]xL dlxgf c‰ a9L ;Qfdf a:g] nf]en] bn ljefhg
tyf ;+;b / :yfgLo lgsfo eË u/]/ /fhfnfO{ zlQmzfnL
aGg ;a} lx;fan] ;xof]u ug]{ …k|hftflGqs sfª\u|];Ú
cfˆg} ;/sf/sf] k'gj{xfnL rflx/x]sf] 5 .
t/, o;nfO{ b]zsf s'g} klg zlQmn] ?rfO/x]sf 5}gg\ /
p;sf] dfu k"/f x'g ;Dej klg 5}g .
* dª\l;/d} Dofb ;lsOPsf] / eË ePsf] ;+;bsf]
k'gj{xfnL rfxG5 g]kfnL sfª\u|]; . o;f]
u/]/ k|hftGqsf] …h/f]Ú aFrfpg rfxG5
sfª\u|]; . t/, k'g:yf{kgfkl5 s] < To;s}
lg/Gt/tf < s] Tof] lg/Gt/tfn] zlQm, cdgr}g
/ cfly{s, ;fdflhs, /fhgLlts / ;f+:s[lts If]qdf hgtfn]
rfx]sf] h:tf] Joj:yf :yfkgf ug{ ;S5 < sfª\u|];sf]
tkm{af6 o;df clxn];Dd s'g} cflwsfl/s JofVof cfPsf]
5}g . pm ck|hftflGqs, c;+j}wflgs 36gfx¿sf]
lg/Gt/ lj/f]w u/]/, ljutsf cfˆgf /fhgLlts uNtLx¿af6
d'Qm x'g vf]lh/x]sf] 5 . To;} eP/ pm /fhfnfO{
cfˆgf] uNtL ;Rofpg af/Daf/ cfu|x ub}{5 .
t/, o:tf] cEof;n] dfq p;nfO{ /fhgLltsf] dflyNnf]
l;F9Ldf psfNg g;Sg] :ki6 5 . Pp6f kf6L{ csf{sf
q'l6 dfq cf}FNofP/, cfˆgf] tkm{af6 s'g} ;d:of
jf r'gf}tLsf] :ki6 ;dfwfg glbO{ w]/} lbg l6Sg ;Dej
x'Fb}g . cflv/ hgtfn] t kl/0ffd g} vf]Hg] x'g\ .
Pdfn]sf] xfjfdxn
ljutsf jif{x¿df …¥ofl8sn 8]df]qm\ofl6s
k|f]u|fdÚ lnP/ hgtfsf df‰ hfg'sf] ;§f,
sfª\u|];n] dfcf]jfbL tx nufpg vf]Hbf sfª\u|];
/ dfcf]jfbL b'j} sdhf]/ eO{ cfˆgf] l:ylt dha"t
x'g]5 eGg] xjfO{sNkgfnfO{ g} sfo{gLlt agfP/ a;]sf]
lyof] Pdfn] . t/, To;n] Pdfn]nfO{ xf]Og /fhf
/ dfcf]jfbLnfO{ rflxF alnof] agfOlbof] . To;}u/L
!* c;f]h kl5 /fhf / dfcf]jfbL cfdg];fdg] eP .
oxfF klg oL b'O{dWo] Pp6f dfl;G5Ù csf]{ v'OlnG5 eGg]
7fg]/ Pdfn]n] …g ;dk{0f g åGåÚ
sf] gLlt clVtof/ u/]sf] 5 . oxL cfwf/df Pdfn]n]
/fhf;Fu wf/f !@* sf] dd{ cg'?ksf] ;j{bnLo ;/sf/
u7gsf] dfu ul//x]sf] 5 .
ljutdf sfª\u|];n] u/]sf] uNtL / p;sf] ljefhg,
dfcf]jfbLsf] lx+;fTds / p208 Jojxf/, b/af/sf] lg/ª\s'ztftkm{sf]
‰'sfj6 tyf csf]{ e/kbf]{ zlQm v8f geO;s]sf]
cj:yfn] ubf{ Pdfn]k|lt clxn] klg hgtfsf] 7"nf]
cf; 5 . p;sf ;efdf pkl:yltsf] hgnx/ c¿sf]
t'ngfdf a9L b]lvg'sf] a:t'ut sf/0f klg oxL xf] .
t/ Pdfn] Û /fhfn] @( dª\l;/sf] /flt
!@ ah];Dd gofF 3f]if0ff ul/lbP x'GYof] eg]/ 6'Fl8v]n,
v'nfd~rd} cf; k|s6 u5{ . dfcf]jfbLnfO{ clnslt
ufnL u/]/Ù sfª\u|];sf] dfu k"/f
x'g g;Sg] atfP/Ù b]pjf sfª\u|];nfO{
luHofP/, /fhfnfO{ cfwf kmsfpg] / cfwf t;f{pg] u/]/
tyf hgtfsf] ;dy{gnfO{ …jfu]{lgª lrK;Ú
sf ¿kdf pkof]u u/]/ cfkm" ;Qfdf k'Ug]
;kgf b]lv/x]sf] 5 of] kf6L{ . t/, Pdfn]n] s]
a'‰]sf] b]lvFb}g eg] …s'Ú ;lhnf];Fu
zlQm lkmtf{ ug{ jf ;Rofpgsf nflu x'g] ub}{g .
Pdfn]sf] o:tf] …l/x;{nÚ x]l//x]sf hgtfn]
p;nfO{ slt~h]n ;fy b]nfg\ <
/fHosf] c;kmntf
To;} klg s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg -hL8LkL_ eGbf hg;ª\Vof
j[l4b/ a9L eof] eg] b]zdf 7"nf7"nf b'3{6gf
lglDtg ;S5g\ . g]kfndf clxn] s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbg
ljutsf] t'ngfdf C0ffTds -dfOg;_ x'g k'u]sf] 5 .
o'4 vr{ a9\bf] 5 . k|To]s xKtf xhf/f}F g]kfnLx¿
ef/ttkm{ eflu/x]sf 5g\ . lzIffnox¿ aGb
x'Fb}5g\ . pBf]ux¿ k|foM aGb eO;s]sf
5g\ . s[lif If]q >dljxLg aGb}5 . jg,
:jf:Yo, vfg]kfgL, lah'nL h:tf cfly{s cfwf/ / ;fdflhs
;]jfx¿ w/f;foL x'Fb}5g\ . cyf{t\ l;Ëf]
b]z g} c;kmn x'Fb}5 . /fHosf] c;kmntfn] hftLo
/ If]qLo c;Gt'ng dfq xf]Og ljå]if / o'4nfO{
g} lgDTofpF5 . /fHo c;kmn x'Fbf afXo cltqmd0f
clgjfo{ aGb} hfG5 . /, To;sf lgldQ ;DejtM 7"nf]
;do kv{g'kg]{ cj:yf klg 5}g . t/, b]zsf zlQmx¿
c‰ klg lglZrt lbzftkm{ cu|;/ 5}gg\, vfln …l/x;{nÚ
dfq ul//x]sf 5g\ . /fhfsf] cfbz{ …d';/{kmjfbÚ
x'gk'u]sf] 5 . kfls:tfg / g]kfnsf] leGgtf s]
xf] eg], ToxfF Pp6f dfq ;]gf lyof] / d';/{km To;s}
Ps hg/n . t/, oxfF ;dfgfGt/ ;]gf 5 . dfcf]jfbL
cfkm" lg0ff{os o'4sf] l:yltdf k'u]sf] 7fG5,
To;}n] pm c¿ s;};Fu ;D‰f}tf ug{ tof/
5}g . To;n] p;nfO{ PSnf] agfO/x]sf] 5 .
To:t} ;+;bLo /fhgLlts bnx¿ s] ug]{ eg]/ cfkm}Fdf
:ki6 5}gg\, h;n] pgLx¿nfO{ zlQmljlxg aGg
d2t k'¥ofO/x]sf] 5 .
s] c‰ klg ;+;bLo /fhgLlts bnx¿Ù
vf;u/L Pdfn] / sfª\u|];n] lgDg s'/fdf
:ki6 x'g h?/L 5}g <
n dfcf]jfbLsf ;DaGwdf s] gLlt clVtof/ ug]{ <
ltgsf
dfuk|lt b]zn] s:tf] wf/0ff /fVg] < ;d:of
;dfwfgsf] lgsf; s] x'g] <
n /fhfsf] sbd ;+j}wflgs xf] jf xf]Og < olb
;+j}wflgs xf]Og eg] @)$& sf] ;+ljwfg ca d[t
eO;Sof] ls ;s]g < Psk6s dfl/O;s]sf] ;+ljwfgn]
gofF zlQm ;Gt'ngsf] k|ltlglwTj ug}{ ;Qm}g .
;Qm}g eGg] lgSof}{n lgsfNg] xf] eg] gofF ;+ljwfg
s;/L lgdf{0f ug]{ < To;sf] k|lqmof s] x'g] <
n /fhfsf] ;lqmo x'g] rfxgf Jojxf/df k|ltlalDat eO/x]sf]
5 ls 5}g < zlQm dfu]/ kfOG5 ls lng hfg'
/ hfGg'k5{ < hgtfsf] xs clwsf/ lkmtf{ Nofpg
PSn}n] ;lsGg eg] Go"gtd ljGb'df ;xsfo{ jf ;+o'Qm
hgcfGbf]ng ug{ kf6L{x¿ cf–cfˆgf]
7fpFaf6 tof/ x'g] ls gx'g] <
n b]znfO{ c;kmn x'g glbg s:tf] sfo{qmd cufl8 ;fg]{ <
To;lglDt cfly{s, ;fdflhs, /fhgLlts tyf ;f+:s[lts
sfo{qmd s] x'g] < s;/L ug]{ <
