;L=s]= nfn
cfunfuLaf6 Dofªn'ª ahf/sf
clwsf+z 3/ Wj:t ePkl5 :yfgLo afl;Gbf;Fu} dfcf]jfbL
qf;n] ubf{ ufpF3/lt/ a:g g;s]/ ;b/d'sfd ;/]sfx¿
;d]t ljrNnLdf k/]sf 5g\ . b]zdf bnx¿sf]
;/sf/ eOlbPsf] eP ;+;bdf u[xdGqLsf] /flhgfdf dfluGYof]
xf]nf, /fhwfgLsf ;8sdf h'n'; lgl:sGy] xf]nfg\ /
5fkfsf d'vk[i7x¿df …ljz]if ;DkfbsLoÚ
n]lvg ;Sy] . t/, clxn] d'n'sdf /fhfsf] k|ToIf
zf;g 5, To;}n] dGqLHo"x¿nfO{ xfO;~rf]
5 . pkk|wfgdGqL nufot tLg–tLg hgf jl/i7
dGqLx¿ !( k';df lj/f6gu/df x'gnfu]sf] clegGbg
;df/f]x eJo kfg{df Jo:t 5g\ . /fhgLlts bnx¿
cf–cfˆg} cl:tTj hf]ufpg ;ª\3if{/t
5g\ . sf]xL ;+j]bgzLn 5}gg\, s;}df klg pQ/bfloTjaf]w
b]lvFb}g / ;a} kl/l:yltsf bf; ePsf 5g\ . of]
8/nfUbf] ultxLgtfn] stf k'¥ofpg] xf] /fi6«nfO{ <
lsg st}af6 s'g} ;'?cft ;d]t eO/x]sf] 5}g <
zfob o:t} k|Zgx¿sf] pQ/ vf]Hg blIf0f Pl;of
dfldnf ;DaGwL cd]l/sL ;xfos ljb]zdGqL lqml:6gf /f]Ssf
rf/–rf/ lbg;Dd sf7df8f}Fdf a:g afWo eOg\ .
an /fhfs} sf]6{df 5
;;{tL{ x]bf{ Dofªn'ª ahf/sf] cfunfuL cfsl:ds
b'3{6gf h:tf] dfq b]lvG5– cfuf], kfgL / /fhfsf]
sf]k s;n] kf] /f]s]/ /f]lsG5 / Û t/ xf]Og,
dfcf]jfbL cftÍsf sf/0f ;D;fF‰} sˆo"{
gnfUg] eP xtf/xtf/df O:qLsf] tf/ 5'6fpg la;]{/ 3/
l5g{ afWo ePsf ;"rLsf/ aQL lgefP/} hfg EofpFy]
ls < cfuf] nfu]sf] yfxf kfPkl5 l;/sn] d'v
5f]k]/ ;'Tg'sf] ;§f l5d]sLx¿ tTsfn}
lgefpg 3/ aflx/ lg:sGy] ls < ;ft jif{b]lv
cfTd3ftL …hgo'4Ú df clN‰Psf] s]Gb|
;/sf/n] a]n}df Dofªn'ªdf kof{Kt kfgL /
bdsn k'¥ofO;s]sf] kf] x'GYof] ls Û
clxn] o:tf k|Zgx¿ lg/y{s klg nfUg ;S5g\,
t/ oyfy{ s] xf] eg] c;xh kl/l:ylt aGg nfUbf lgliqmo
eP/ a:g]x¿ ;d]t kl/j]zsf] k|efjaf6 k"0f{tM
d'Qm /xg ;Sb}gg\ . /fi6«df a9\b} uPsf]
/fhgLlts ;ª\qmd0fsf] a]n}df pkrf/ x'g ;s]g
eg] c8\sn ug{ klg cK7\of/f] nfUg] cgk]lIft / w]/}
b'bf{Gt l:ylt pTkGg x'g] kSsf 5 . To:tf] l:yltdf
jt{dfg ult/f]wsf sf/stTjx¿dWo] sf]xL klg
afFsL /xg] 5}gg\ .
* h]7df k|ltlglw;efsf] if8\oGqk"0f{
lj36g u/]/ z]/axfb'/ b]pjfn] b/af/ k'¥ofPsf]
/fhgLlts zlQmsf] es'08f] !* c;f]hb]lv /fhfsf] v'§fdf
clN‰Psf] clN‰o} 5 . To;kl5 /fhf Pj+
d"nwf/sf /fhgLlts bnsf g]tfx¿sf aLr
y'k|} k6s e]63f6 eP, t/ an eg] hxfFsf] ToxLF 5–
/fhfs} sf]6{df . /fli6«o /fhgLltsf j}wflgs
v]nf8Lx¿n] hlt ljGtLefp u/] klg /fhf cfˆgf
ef/bf/x¿df‰ g} /dfPsf h:tf b]lvG5g\ .
t/, o:tf] lg/k]If cj:yf w]/} gl6Sg] s'/fdf s;}n]
zÍf gu/] x'G5 .
/fh;+:yfdfly nf~5gf gnufpg r]tfjgL
lbG5g\ dGqL ab|Lgf/fo0f a:g]t . /fhgLlts bnx¿nfO{
dof{lbt eP/ a:g'kg]{ clt{ lbG5g\ bnLo dof{bf;Fu
s'g} ;fOgf] gePsf dGqL /d]zgfy kf08] . t/,
ltgnfO{ s;n] a'‰fOb]cf];\Ù !* c;f]hkl5
;j{;fwf/0f hgtfn] h]h:tf] efiffdf /fhfsf s'/f sf6\b}5g\,
To;sf] t'ngfdf /fhgLltsdL{x¿sf rsf{ efif0fx¿
;d]t k'ikjiff{ ;/x nfUb5g\ . ef/bf/x¿n]
;'g]sf 5g\ ls 5}gg\Ù ufpF3/lt/sf slt k'/]tn]
t o1df /fhfnfO{ ck{0f ul/g] …ç e"kt]
:jfxfÚ sf] efu ;d]t r9fpg 5fl8;s] .
uPsf] bz}Fdf y'k|} u[x:yx¿n] gf]6df 5flkPsf]
/fhfsf] tl:a/df cIftf gr9fOsg} 6Lsf nufP .
/fhfsf] zlQmsf] d"n ;|f]t g} wd{ / k/Dk/f xf] .
ToxfF ;d]t o;/L g}/fZo jf cltjfb xfjL x'gyfn] kl5Ù
g]kfnL sfª\u|]; Pj+ g]skf -Pdfn]_ h:tf ;+;bLo
zlQmx¿n] rfx]/ klg ;+j}wflgs /fhtGqsf] /Iff
ug{ ;Sg] 5}gg\ .
;'/Iff kmf}hsf] dgf]an pRr /fVg]
Ps;"qLo cleofgsf] e/df kbdf l6ls/fVg ;kmn z]/axfb'/
b]pjfn] dfgj clwsf/ xgg\ Pj+ k|]; :jtGqtf lgoGq0fdf
ljZjJofkL …sLlt{dfgÚ sfod ubf{ ;d]t
s;}n] gf/fo0flx6Llt/ cf}Fnf] p7fpg] lxDdt u/]sf
lyPgg\ . t/, ca eg] afn'jf6f/nfO{ b]vfP/ plDsg]
cj:yf s;}sf] klg 5}g . :ki6 5, a8f] hf]lvdk"0f{
5 of] PSn} lxF8\g] /x/ . /, r'gf}tLx¿
lbgfg'lbg 36\g'sf] ;f6f] a9\b} uO/x]sf 5g\ .
abfd vfP/ v'Nnfd~r cufl8 dª\l;/ dlxgfsf] kfl/nf]
3fd tfKg] ef8fsf] eL8n] cjsfz k|fKt s0f]{n gf/fo0f
l;+x k'gsf] cxd\nfO{ t'li6 b]nf, t/ To;sf] /fhgLlts
dxŒj eg] hgdf]rf{sf] dzfn af]Sg] b'O{ rf/ sfo{stf{
hlt klg 5}g eGg] s'/f pgnfO{ /fd|/L yfxf 5 .
/fhgLlts bnx¿ klg ltQmtfsf] dgl:yltaf6 cljnDa
d'Qm x'g lgtfGt h?/L 5 . /fhfnfO{ dfGg' g]kfnLx¿sf]
/x/ jf afWotf b'j} xf]Og, clxn]sf] e"/fhgLlts
Pj+ ;f+:s[lts kl/j]zdf ;+j}wflgs /fhtGq g]kfnsf
nflu kl/l:ylthGo cfjZostf xf] . of] tYonfO{
:jLsf/ ul/;s]kl5 /fhfnfO{ ljjfbdf /flv/fVg sbflk
plrt x'Fb}g . ;;{tL{ x]bf{ /fhf :jo+ blIf0fkGyLx¿sf]
3]/faf6 pDsg pT;'s b]lvG5g\ . /fh;+:yfnfO{
/fli6«o klxrfgsf] k|tLssf ¿kdf ;;Ddfg
sfod /fVg /fhgLlts bnx¿n] cf–cfˆgf
:jtGq e"ldsfsf] vf]hL ug]{ sfo{ tTsfnnfO{ yftL
/fv]/ ;+;bLo zlQmx¿sf] ;+o'Qm df]rf{ agfpg]
sfo{ z'? ug'{ kb{5 . ;+;b k'g:yf{kgfsf] g]kfnL
sfª\u|];sf] Psf]xf]/f] cnfk, ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg
;/sf/ agfpg] g]skf -Pdfn]_ sf] Psa'Fb] w'g / ck]Iffs[t
pbf/ kz'klt zdz]/nfO{ cWoIf kbdf r'g]sf] /fli6«o
k|hftGq kf6L{sf] cGodg:stf x]bf{ nfU5 d'n'ssf] d"n
r'gf}tL– dfcf]jfbLx¿sf] ;z:q ljb|f]x–
c‰} klg ;a} /fhgLlts zlQmx¿sf] ;f‰f
lrGtf / nIo aGg ;s]sf] 5}g .
;+qmd0fsf] 3gTjnfO{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] g} klg
/fd|/L cfsng ug{ ;s]sf] b]lvFb}g . d"nwf/sf
/fhgLlts bnx¿nfO{ cy{xLg t'NofP/ ;g\ !(##
df gfhLjfbsf] pbo ePkl5 …ca x'g] juL{o zq';Fusf]
;f]‰f] ;+3if{ a? a];Ú eg]/ /dfpg] o'/f]k]nL
sDo'lgi6x¿sf] eoÍ/ e"naf6 g]kfnsf
dfcf]jfbLx¿n] kf7 gl;Sg] xf] eg] g]kfnsf]
nueu k"/} dWod ju{nfO{ blIf0fkGyL agfpg] bf]if
sd/]8 k|r08 / 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{sf] yfKnfdf
hfg] kSsf 5 . …ls cj;/jfbL ls dfcf]jfbLÚ
sf] gf/f 3lGsg yfn]kl5 e"ldut x'g grfxg]x¿sf]
5gf}6 s] x'G5 eGg] s'/f Pstfsfsf c~rnfwLz Pj+ jt{dfg
u[xdGqL wd{axfb'/ yfkfnfO{ /fd|/L yfxf 5 eGg] s'/f
s] dfcf]jfbL sdf08/ /fdaxfb'/ yfkfnfO{ yfxf 5}g
xf]nf / <
;Defljt lgsf;
csd{0o t'NofOPsf /fhgLlts bnx¿ zlQm ;+rodf
nfu]sf b]lvG5g\ . jiff}{Fkl5 if8oGqx¿sf]
kmf]xf]/L v]naf6 pDs]/ g]skf -Pdfn]_ sf g]tfx¿
;Qf dfq xf]Og hgtfsf] /fhgLlt ug{ klg d}bfgdf plqPsf
5g\ . cfGtl/s åGå lg?k0fdf cToGt}
sdhf]/ g]kfnL sfª\u|];sf g]tfx¿sf] r]t
c‰} v'Ng g;s]sf] eP tfklg To; bnsf sfo{stf{x¿
eg] …ls jf/ ls kf/Ú sf] ;ª\3if{sf
nflu tof/ x'gnfu]sf] cfef; kfOG5 . ;DejtM /fhf
klg ;j{:jLsfo{ lgsf;sf] vf]hLdf g} 5g\ . 8f=
afa'/fd e§/fO{sf] @( dª\l;/df ;fj{hlgs
ePsf] cGtjf{tf{sf] efj klg ;d‰bf/Lsf] vf]hL
ug]{ k|sf/s} 5, oBlk pgn] cfˆgf c8fgx¿
bf]xf]¥ofpg eg] 5f8]sf /x]g5g\ . To;}n]
;Defljt lgsf;sf cj;/x¿ klxNofpg ca c¿
ljnDa sbflk plrt 5}g .
k|efjsf/L ;+jfbsf nflu tuf/f] ag]sf] jt{dfg dlGqd08n
/fli6«o /fhgLltsf] cu|ufdL ultsf nflu ;d]t
afws 5 . bnx¿sf] t sfd} /fhgLlt xf],
t/ hgtfsf] ;fj{ef}ldstfnfO{ sfof{Gjog ug]{ hgpQ/bfoL
;/sf/sf] u7g k|lqmof g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg, @)$&
sf] /Iff ug{ k|lta4 /fhfn] g} z'? ug'{ kb{5 .
hlt;'s} cfIf]k nufP klg /fhgLlts bnx¿sf]
ckl/xfo{tfnfO{ g /fhfn] OGsf/ ug{ ;S5g\, g t dfcf]jfbLx¿n]
g} cjx]ngf . dfcf]jfbL ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu
;a} ;+;bLo zlQmx¿sf] ;f‰f d~rsf] l;h{gf
…r"k nfu]/ ga:g]Ú c7f]6 u/]sf /fhfn]
g} u/] klg x'G5, t/ Tof] ;j{:jLsfo{ eg] x'g'k5{ .
åGå Joj:yfkgsf b'O{ kIfx¿ -;+;bLo
zlQm Pj+ dfcf]jfbL_ :ki6 eO;s]kl5 kmnbfoL jftf{sf
nflu ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf] dWo:y k|:tfjnfO{
uDeL/tfk"j{s hfFr ug'{ pko'Qm x'g]5 .
c‰} klg /fi6«lgdf{0fs} k|lqmofdf /x]sf]
d'n'ssf nflu ;ft jif{ nfdf] ;ª\3if{ sd xf]Og
/ o;aLr Hofg u'dfPsf ;ft xhf/eGbf a9L g]kfnLx¿sf]
alnbfgnfO{ sb/ ug]{ xf] eg] lx+;f k|ltlx+;fsf] cGtxLg
>[ª\vnfnfO{ tTsfn /f]s]/ zflGtk"0f{
;dfwfgsf] af6f] vf]hL ug{ ;3fpg cGt/f{li6«o
dWo:ystf{sf] vf]hL ug]{ sfddf l9nfO ul/g'x'Gg .
;tx zfGt b]lvP klg afFwdfly kfgLsf] bafa eg] lj:tf/}
a9\b}5 . cfktsfnLg 9f]sfnfO{ ;d]t y'g]/ gf}sflaxf/
ul//x]sfx¿ ;do5Fb} r]t]gg\ eg] ca cfpg] af9Ln]
;ayf]s aufP/ nfg a]/ 5}g .
gbL cflv/ hlt;'s} aflËP klg p;sf] k|jfx hlxn]
klg cu|ult g} x'G5 . kl/l:yltsf] of] Pp6f dfq
afWotfnfO{ ;a} kIfn] a'l‰lbg] xf] eg] jt{dfg
/fhgLlts ult/f]wsf j}slNks lgsf;x¿ cfkm;]cfkm
k|s6 x'g yfNg]5g\– ;+;b k'g:yf{kgf, ;+j}wflgs
;/sf/, uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng, ;+ljwfgdf Jofks cu|ufdL ;'wf/
Pj+ ;+;bLo / :yfgLo r'gfj .
