ax'bnjfbdf cfwfl/t k|hftflGqs k|0ffnLnfO{
lbuf] agfpg /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿;Fu} Gofokflnsf,
;+;b, dxfn]vf k/LIfs, k|];, sd{rf/LtGq / gful/s
;dfh:tf lgsfox¿sf] ;+:yfut ljsf; x'g' h?/L
x'G5 . k|hftGqnfO{ ;+:yfut u/fpg] s'/fdf Pp6f
gful/ssf] ;lqmo ;xeflutfsf] ;d]t 7"nf] e"ldsf
/xG5 . k|hftGq ;+:yfut eO;s]sf ;dfh jf /fi6«df
s'g} JolQmsf] xTof, anfTsf/ eof] eg] kl/jf/sf ;b:ox¿
xfdLsxfF h:tf] k'k'{/f]nfO{ bf]if lbP/ r"k
nfu]/ a:b}gg\ . a?, bf]ifLnfO{ sfg"gsf]
s73/fdf k'¥ofP/ b08 lbnfpg ltgLx¿ lhGbuLe/
k|lta4 eP/ nfU5g\ . sfg"gdf q'l6 jf sdhf]/L
eP To;nfO{ ;'wfg{ cg';Gwfgstf{, ljZjljBfno, k|];,
sfg"g–lgdf{tf / ;/sf/nfO{ ;d]t 3R3RofO{
bf]ifLn] b08 kfP/} 5f8\g] cj:yf l;h{gf u/]/ lj>fd
lnG5g\ . o;af6 eljiodf To:tf] l:ylt gbf]xf]l/gsf
nflu oy]i6 hgdt / cfwf/ ;[hgf x'G5 .
æ;/sf/ hlt zlQmzfnL /Xof] Tolt ljsf; ug{ ;Dej
x'G5Ù dflg;x¿ ;a} ;dfg x'G5g\Ù
;/sf/x¿ lg:jfyL{ / lgikIf x'G5g\Æ eGg]h:tf
q'l6k"0f{ jfdkGyL ;f]rfOn] ubf{ Psflt/ g]kfnh:tf
lk5l8Psf b]zsf ;/sf/ a9L zlQm;DkGg x'Fb} uP eg]
csf]{lt/ o:tf ;/sf/af6 ;Dej g} gx'g] txsf] lgikIftfsf]
ck]Iff ug{ yflnof] . t/, s'g} klg JolQm lg/k]If
¿kdf lg:jfy{ / lgikIf /xg ;Sb}g . cyf{t\
JolQm hGdFb} :jfyL{ xf] eGg s;}n] nfh dfGg'kb}{g .
To;}n] JolQmx¿ ;+nUg ePsf] ;/sf/ klg lgikIf
/ lg:jfyL{ x'G5 eg]/ ;f]Rg' sdhf]/L dfq xf] .
;/sf/nfO{ hlt;Sof] a9L lg:jfyL{ / lgikIf /fVg t
dfly pNn]v ePsf ;+:yf Pj+ x/]s gful/ssf] /fHok|0ffnLdf
;lqmo ;xeflutf cfjZos x'G5 . xf]Ù lat]sf]
!@ jif{df g]kfnsf /fhgLlt1x¿ ;Qfnf]n'k, :jfyL{
/ e|i6 t eP, t/ ltgnfO{ lg:jfyL{ / lgikIf /fVg ;dfhsf
cGo ;+:yf Pj+ JolQmx¿ s;}n] klg k|efjsf/L
e"ldsf v]n]gg\ . k|hftGqnfO{ ;+:yfut u/fpg
;lqmo e"ldsf v]Ng'kg]{ ;+:yfx¿n] kf6L{
/ /fhgLltsdL{x¿dfly æs'v'/f rf]/Æ
sf] cf/f]k t nufP, t/ ltgn] klg cfkm"nfO{ æs'v'/f
rf]g]{Æ sfdaf6 6f9f /fVg ;s]gg\ jf rfx]gg\ .
/fhgLlt1nfO{ bf]if nufpg kfPsf] sf/0f cfkm"
rf]/L sfo{df ;+nUg ePsf] s'/f hgtfn] yfxf kfPsf
5}gg\ eGg] e|ddf ltgLx¿ clxn] klg kl//x]sf
5g\ .
bafasf] jxfgf
o;f] eGg'sf] cf;o lat]sf !@ jif{df pTkGg ;d:of /
q'l6–sdhf]/Lsf lglDt kf6L{ / ltgsf g]tfx¿tkm{
Psf]xf]l/Psf] cfnf]rgf Pj+ cfIf]knfO{ ;fdGoLs/0f
u/L ;a}sf] yfKnf]df xfNg' xf]Og . k|hftGqnfO{
;+:yfut t'Nofpg x/]s ;+:yf, ju{, Joj;foL / gful/s
;d"xx¿n] o; cjlwdf cfkm"n] lgjf{x
u/]sf] e"ldsfnfO{ kms]{/ x]g'{k5{ dfq eGg vf]lhPsf]
xf] . d cfkm" rflxF Ps sd{rf/L /x]sf sf/0f
c¿ k]zf jf ;+:yfx¿sf] e"ldsfsf]
n]vfhf]vf ug'{eGbf sd{rf/LtGqs} af/]df cfˆgf
cg'ejx¿ JoQm ug'{ plrt nfu]sf] 5 .
sd{rf/LtGqsf] pRr / lhDd]jf/ cf]xf]bfdf a;]sfx¿n]
hflu/af6 x6]kl5 cfkm"dfkm{t\ ePsf cjfl~5t sfdsfaf{xLnfO{
æ/fhgLlts bafadf k/]/ u/]sf]Æ atfpg]
u/]sf 5g\ . t/, lat]sf !@ jif{dWo]sf gf} jif{
>L % sf] ;/sf/sf] ;x;lrj, ;lrj / ljB't\ k|flws/0fsf]
k|d'v sfo{sf/L kbdf latfPsf] d]/f] cg'ejn], To:tf]
egfOnfO{ u}/lhDd]jf/ afx]s s]xL 7fGb}g . d]/f]
cg'ejdf, k|wfgdGqL, dGqL jf /fhgLlts JolQmx¿n]
lbg] bafa d"ntM tLg k|sf/sf x'G5g\ . klxnf]Ù
cfˆgf] /fhgLlts jf r'gfjIf]qdf ljsf;sf gofF
sfo{qmd / yk ah]6sf] Joj:yf ul/lbg], bf];|f]Ù
ltgsf cfkmGt jf kf6L{;Fu ;Da4 JolQmx¿nfO{
…/fd|f]Ú 7fpFdf ;?jf of lgo'lQm ug{
nufpg] / t];|f]Ù cfkm" jf cfkmGtnfO{
lghL kmfObf k'Ug] u}/sfg"gL sfd ug{ nufpg] .
oL tLgdWo] klxnf] / bf];|f] k|s[ltsf bafanfO{ ;fdfGo
k|zf;sLo ;Lkaf6 ;lhn} Joj:yfkg ug{ ;lsG5 .
t];|f] cyf{t\ lghL nfesf lglDt bafa cfpFbf Pp6f
;/sf/L sd{rf/Lsf ;fd' tLg lsl;dsf ;Lwf ljsNk jf
pkfo pknAw x'G5g\ . klxnf], dGqLn] h] eGof]
ToxL ul/lbg', bf];|f], ;+oGq leqsf dflyNnf kbflwsf/Lx¿
-d'Vo–;lrj, k|wfgdGqL cflb_ sf] ;xof]u lng'
/ t];|f], dGqLn] eg]sf] sfd ug{ lsg ldNb}g eGg]
sf/0f cflb ;d]t v'nfO{ :ki6tM ældNb}gÆ
egL kmfOndf n]v]/ To;kl5sf] kl/0ffd ef]Ug cfkm"nfO{
tof/ kfg{' . o; afx]s gfgfyl/sf bafanfO{ ltgsf]
k|s[lt cg'?k Joj:yfkg ug{ sd{rf/Ln] cfˆgf]
;Lk / of]Uotfsf] k|of]u ug}{ kg]{ x'G5 .
cfkm"eGbf dflysf kbflwsf/Lx¿sf cg'lrt
bafanfO{ ;f]‰} æx'Fb}gÆ gegL kG5fpg
;lsg] y'k|} tl/sf x'g ;Sb5g\ . o:tf pkfo k|of]u
u/L gfhfoh sfd ug{ jf x'g lbgaf6 aFlrPsf s]xL jf:tljs
36gfnfO{ oxfF pbfx/0fsf] ¿kdf k|:t't ul/Psf]
5 .
lj/f6 sf]z]nLM g]kfnsf] lr¶f–P]g Tolt
pbf/ 5}g . cGoq h:tf] oxfF lr¶f Joj;fo
w]/} gkm:6fpg'sf] sf/0f oxL cg'bf/ P]g xf] .
o;} k[i7e"lddf cfly{s jif{ @)%!÷%@ df,
g]skf Pdfn]sf] ;/sf/ ag]kl5 lr¶f gfd g/fvL
t/ lr¶fs} sf/f]af/ ug]{ p2]Zo ePsf] …lj/f6
sf]z]nLÚ gfdsf] sDkgL btf{sf nflu sDkgL /lhi6f/sf]
sfof{nodf lgj]bg k¥of] . Tof], sDkgL btf{
ul/lbg] ;DaGwdf cfwf–cfwf 306fdf dGqLsxfFaf6
;lrjnfO{ cfu|x x'g yfNof] . dGqLsf] tfs]tf
cfO/x]kl5 kmfOn cufl8 a9fOof] . lr¶f–P]g
u[x dGqfnosf] sfo{If]qdf kg]{ x'Fbf ;f] dGqfnosf]
/fo lng'kg]{ egL lg0f{o ul/of] . o;f] ubf{
bafa wfGg s]xL ;do kfpg ;lsG5 eGg] nfu]sf] lyof] .
t/, pBf]u dGqfnoaf6 o:tf] /fo dfUg] lg0f{o ePsf]
$% ldg]6leq} æk|of]usf] ¿kdf of] Pp6f
…lj/f6 sf]z]nLÚ nfO{ btf{ ul/lbg l;kmfl/;
ul/Psf]Æ eGg] u[xdGqfnosf] kq pBf]u dGqfnodf
cfOk'Uof] . Tof] kq af]s]/ dGqLsf kLP cfkm}F
;lrjsxfF wgf{ lbg k'u] .
ca, gfhfoh sfd ug{af6 aFRg ;lrj;fd' w]/} ljsNk afFsL
lyPgg\ . To;}n] pgL g]kfn h:tf] u/La d'n'sdf
…sf]z]nLÚ sf] gfpFdf lr¶fsf] sf/f]af/
ug]{ sDkgL btf{ ug{ gldNg] /fo kmfOndf n]vL 3/lt/
nfu] / ef]lnkN6 labf lnP . kl;{kN6 dGqfno k'Ugf;fy
dGqLn] ;lrjnfO{ cfˆgf] sfo{sIfdf af]nfO{ ToxL
kmfOnsf af/]df k|Zg u/] . ;lrjn], æd}n]
t btf{ ug{ ldNb}g egL :ki6 n]v]sf] 5' t/ tkfO{Fn]
btf{ ul/lbg] egL kmfOndf n]Vg'x'G5 eg] o:tf] lg0f{o
sfof{Gjog ul/lbG5'Æ eg] . b'O{ 306fkl5
ækl5 vf]h]sf avt kmfOn k]z ug]{ u/L clxn]nfO{
tfd]nLdf /fVg]Æ eGg] dGqLsf] tf]s nfu]/ ;f]
kmfOn ;lrjsxfF kmls{of] . Tof] jf To:tf] sDkgL
To;kl5 klg g]kfndf btf{ ePsf] yfxf kfOPsf] 5}g .
cf}Bf]lus / ljb]zL nufgL ;DaGwL gLltM @)$* ;fnsf]
cfd lgjf{rgkl5 u7g ePsf] g]kfnL sfª\u|];sf]
;/sf/ pBf]u If]qdf v'Nnf Pjd\ pbf/ gLlt lng] s'/fdf
z'?b]lv g} :ki6 lyof] . o;}sf/0f lghL If]q;Fu
;d]t Jofks 5nkmn u/LÙ cf}Bf]lus gLlt / ljb]zL
nufgL tyf k|ljlw x:tfGt/0f ;DaGwL gLltsf d:of}bf
@)$* ;fn c;f]h–sflQsleq} tof/ eO;s]sf lyP .
oL d:of}bf dlGqkl/ifb\df k7fpg] a]nfdf gofF /fHodGqL
pBf]u dGqfnosf] sfo{ef/ ;DxfNg cfOk'u] . d:of}bf
gLltx¿ dlGqkl/ifb\df k]z ug]{ ;DaGwdf lh1f;f
/fVbf tL /fHodGqLn] æsd{rf/Ln] tof/ kf/]sf]
gLlt d nfu" u5'{ <Æ egL kmfOn 6]a'naf6
kmflnlbP . klxn]sf dGqL w]/} /fhgLlts lyP .
pgn] cfkm"nfO{ yfxf gePsf] s'/fdf æb]znfO{
;'xfpFbf] gLlt Nofpg'xf];\ d cfFvf lrDn]/ ;xL ul/lbG5'Æ
eg]/ ;a} ljZjf; sd{rf/Ldfly g} 5f]l8lbPsf lyP .
t/, gofF /fHodGqL Jofkf/ / pBf]u If]qsf s'/f a'´g]
vfnsf k/]5g\ . pgnfO{ pBf]usf nfO;]G; v'Nnf
u/]/, sRrf kbfy{x¿ cfoft ug{ ;f]‰} afl0fHo
AofÍx¿n] PN;L vf]Ng lbg] ePkl5 pBf]u
dGqL /xg'sf] s] cy{ /xG5 / eGg] nfu]5 . To;}n]
pgL pbf/ gLltsf] ljkIfdf pleg k'u] . t/, s/La
! dlxgfkZrft\ oL pBf]u /fHodGqLhL sfof{no gcfPsf]
df}sf kf/L ;lrjn] b'j} gLlt dGqLaf6 kl5 ;dy{g u/fpg]
u/L :jLs[ltsf nflu dlGqkl/ifb\df k]z u/fP .
dlGqkl/ifb\n] oyf?kd} tL gLlt kf; ul/lbof] .
ljr/f /fHodGqL x]/]sf] x]¥o} eP .
dxfk|aGwssf] lgo'lQmM @)%$ ;fn sflQs–dª\l;/lt/sf]
s'/f xf]Ù ;"o{axfb'/ yfkfsf] k|wfgdlGqTjdf
u7g ePsf] ;/sf/df g]kfnL sfª\u|];sf dGqLx¿
;+nUg eO;s]sf lyPgg\ / s]xL ;dosf nflu /fk|kfsf
pBf]u dGqL lyP . o;}a]nf s'g} Ps JolQmnfO{
n'lDagL lrgL sf/vfgfsf] dxfk|aGwsdf lgo'lQm lbgsf
nflu bafa cfof] . Tolta]nf s'g} klg ;+:yfgsf]
cWoIf / dxfk|aGwssf] lgo'lQm dlGqkl/ifbn] / ;~rfns
;ldltsf ;b:ox¿sf] lgo'lQm ;DalGwt dGqLn]
ug]{ eGg] dlGqkl/ifbsf] :ki6 kl/kq lyof] .
o;} cg'?k dGqLn] eg]sf JolQmnfO{ dxfk|aGws kbdf
lgo'lQmsf nflu dlGqkl/ifbdf k|:tfj k]z ug{ tof/
kfl/of] . t/, tL dGqLn] ælghnfO{ n'lDagL
lrgL sf/vfgfsf] dxfk|aGws kbdf t'?Gt lgo'lQm lbO{
;dy{gsf nflu dlGqkl/ifbdf k|:tfj k]z ug]{ u/L :jLs[tÆ
egL kmfOndf tf]s nufP . lgo'lQm lng vf]h]sf
JolQm s'zn, lgisnÍ 5ljsf ePsf eP ;lrjn] dxfk|aGws
kbdf lgo'lQm lbg' Tolt 7"nf] s'/f lyPg, t/
tL JolQm To:tf lyPgg\ . To;}n] dGqLn] …t'?Gt
lgo'lQm lbg'Ú eg]s} kmfOndf dlGqkl/ifbsf]
kl/kqsf] kmf]6f]skL ;lxt …o:tf] lgo'lQm dlGqkl/ifbsf]
lg0f{o lagf x'gg;Sg] x'Fbf lghsf] lgo'lQmsf nflu
dlGqkl/ifb\d} k|:tfj k]z ug]{Ú egL kmfOn
k'gM dGqLsxfF k7fOof] . o;k6s dGqL;Fu yk lh2L
ug]{ pmhf{ afFsL lyPg . pgn] To;df …;b/Ú
egL kmfOn kmsf{P . dGqLaf6 lg0f{o ePsf] &
lbgleq dlGqkl/ifb\df k|:tfj k]z ul/g'kYof]{ .
Tof] gub}{ dGqL / ;lrj ljb]z ofqfdf lgl:sP .
pgLx¿ kms]{/ cfpFbf pBf]u dGqfno cs}{ dGqLn]
;Dxfln;s]sf lyP .
plQs} bf]ifL
k"j{ ;/sf/L sd{rf/L ePsf sf/0fn] xf]nf ljleGg
k]zfsf ldqx¿ dnfO{ æof] b]z /fhgLlt1
Pjd\ ltdLx¿ h:tfn] l;Wofof}Æ eg]/ af/Daf/
Joª\Uo ul//xG5g\ . t/, clxn] cfP/ dnfO{
;f]Wg dg nfUg yfn]sf] 5M b]znfO{ aaf{b x'g glbg
pxfFx¿n] /fhgLlt1 Pjd\ sd{rf/LnfO{ s] s:tf
;Nnfx, ;'‰fj / bafa lbP/ b]znfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg'eof]
t < d]/f] ljrf/df /fhgLlt1 :jefj}n] km6fxf x'G5g\
/ sd{rf/Lx¿ cj;/jfbL . t/, oL /fhgLlt1nfO{
sd km6fxf t'Nofpg / sd{rf/LnfO{ sd cj;/jfbL agfpg
;dfhsf c¿ txaf6 s]–s:tf] of]ubfg eof]
t oL !@ jif{df < Û k|hftGqnfO{ ;+:yfut
u/fpg ;dfhsf ljleGg ;d"xx¿n] bafa lbO/xg'k5{
/ lgodg -/]u'n]6_ ug]{ ;+:yfx¿n] a9L ;hu
/ OdfGbf/ eO{ lgodg ug'{k5{ . t/ b'ef{Uojz,
lat]sf !@ jif{df /fhgLltsdL{x¿ ‰}F a'l4hLjL,
gful/s ;dfh, k|];, n]vfk/LIfs, jlsn, k|fWofks cflb
;a} g} k|hftGqsf] kIfdf cf–cfˆgf] of]ubfg
ug{af6 r's] .
g]kfndf clxn] bafa lbg] ;d"xnfO{ klg ;/sf/d}
hfg'k/]sf] 5 / hgtfn] ;Qfsf] va/bf/L ug]{ lhDd]jf/L
/ ljZjf; ;'lDkPsf ;+:yf, ju{ / JolQmx¿nfO{
klg sfo{sf/L clwsf/ dfq} rflxg] ePsf] 5 . kmntM
cfh lgodg ug'{kg]{ ;+;b, Gofokflnsf, n]vf k/LIf0fdf
;+nUg x'g]x¿, k|];, gful/s ;dfh cflb sf]xL
klg cfkm"nfO{ :jR5 ;fljt ug{ ;Sg] cj:yfdf 5}gg\ .
k|fWofks eP rf/ hgf sd{rf/Lsf] xflsd x'g] /fhb"t
aGg ?rfpg] / kqsf/ eP uf]/vfkq ;+:yfg, /f;;, 6]lnlehgsf]
xflsd aGg vf]Hg]x¿n] b]zsf nflu Tofu u/]sf]
st} kfOFb}g . s'g} klg b]zsf] ljsf; / k|hftGq
;+:yfut x'g] s'/f ;do–;dodf ljleGg If]qsf JolQmx¿n]
u/]sf] alnbfgsf] of]ukmn xf] . t/, k|hftGq
;Í6df kbf{ klg /fhgLlts bn / g]tfx¿nfO{
v'lRrª ug'{ v/sf] 5fgf ePsf] a:tLdf a;]/ l5d]sdf
nfu]sf] cfuf]sf] tdf;fdf /dfpg' / cfkm" ;'/lIft
ePsf] e|ddf afFRg' h:tf] dfq xf] .
