u'?sf]
ljGtL ;'lgof];\ Û
8f=
tLy{axfb'/ >]i7
k'/f0fldTo]j
g ;fw' ;j{ g rflk sfJo+ gjldTojBd\ .
;GtM kl/IffGot/b\ ehGt] d"9 k/k|Toog]o a'l4 . .
-k'/fgf
eGb}df ;a} sfJo c;n x'g] / gofF eGb}df ;a} sfJo
v/fa x'g] xf]Og . ;Hhgx¿ k/LIf0f u/]/
c;n rflxF lnG5g\ . d"v{x¿ rflxF
c¿sf] nx}nx}df nfU5g\ ._
sflnbf;
g]kfn /fhsLo k|1fk|lti7fg
-g]/fk|k|_ sf] /hthoGtL k|sfzg dfnfsf @% u|GydWo]sf]
k|frLg ul0ft / gjLg ul0ftsf] t'ngf sf] k|:tfjgf
k|f1 go/fh kGtn] pk/f]Qm Znf]saf6 k|f/De ug'{ePsf]
5 . jf:tjdf pxfFn] k"/f hLjg g} k/LIf0fÙ
k|df0f ;Íng / ;Toc;Tosf] l5gf]kmfgf]
ug{df latfpg'eof] . vf]h, cWoog / cg';Gwfgdf
cfgf]] () jif{sf] cfo' ;dk{0f ug{'ePsf k|f1
go/fh kGt !* sflQs, @)%( ;fnsf] ;fF lbjËt
x'g'eof] . nIdLk"hfsf] ndNn aQLn]
;h]sf] ;fF, e}nf] u'~h]sf] cfFug / ltgdfly
km}lnPsf] cf}+;Lsf] cfsf;af6 g]kfnsf] Pp6f rlDsnf]
tf/f ;bfsf nflu lanfof] . kGtsf] cj;fgn] g]kfnsf]
k|fl1s gIfqdf slt l/Qmtf k}bf xf]nf / To;sf] k"lt{
s;/L xf]nf eGg] s'/f eljion] g} atfpg]5 .
ut @^ ;fpg k|1fk'?if go/fh kGtsf] () cf}F
z'ehGdf]T;jsf pknIodf z]if/fh lzjfsf]6Lsf] cfu|xdf
æk|f1 go/fh kGt / k|hftGqsf] df];f]Æ
zLif{sdf Pp6f 5f]6f] n]v n]v]F . 1fgu'gsf s'/f
sf] efu ^(, cÍ & df Tof] k|sflzt klg
eof] . pQm bL3f{o' sfdgfsf] %% lbgkl5 !* sflQs
laxfg /]l8of] ;u/dfyf dfkm{t\ pxfFsf k'q lbg]z/fh
kGtåf/f kz'klt cfo{3f6sf] ;]jf s]Gb|df pxfFsf]
pkrf/ eO/x]sf] hfgsf/L k|fKt eof] . laxfg (
ah] g} cfo{3f6 k'u]F . u'?sf b'j} gfl;sfdf
clS;hg jfo'sf] s[lqd k|jfx, knªsf] 5]pdf 'l08Psf]
Knfli6ssf gnL / lk;fa hDdf ug]{ y}nL, aGb cfFvf,
lgZrn z/L/ / Psf]xf]/f] Zjf; k|Zjf;sf] k|lqmof rNb}lyof] .
5]pdfÙ x/]s 7fpFdf lktfnfO{ cf8, c8]; / e/f];f
lbFb} lxF8\g]lxF8fpg] 5f]/f lbg]z/fh plePsf
lyP . k|1fk|lti7fgsf] k|jrg sIfb]lv cg]sf}F
af}l4s jfbljjfbdf lktfsf] ef}lts / af}l4s ;'/Iffy{
kvf{n}F pleg] lbg]zn] s] od'gfn] h:t} od/fhnfO{
6fg{ ;Snfg\ eGg] s'/f dgdf v]nfpFb} aflx/ lg:s]F .
Tof] ;fF d]/f] lgjf; If]qel/ lah'nL an]g .
/]l8of] klg ;'Gg kfOgF . ef]lnkN6 laxfgLkv
d]/L hxfgsf] d'vaf6 pxfF cl3Nnf] ;fFd} laTg'ePsf]
va/ ;'Gg k'u]F .
gofF jif{sf] z'esfdgf æGx' b+of leGt'gfÆ
cfbfgk|bfg ub}{ g]kfn ;Djt !!@# sf] :jfutdf ;a}
Jo:t lyP . d eg] go/fh u'?nfO{ g} ;DFb}
a;]F . s/La @) jif{ klxn] u'?n] of] lbg -sflQs
s[i0f k|ltkbf_sf] /fli6«o dxjaf/] s]xL
eGg'ePsf] lyof] . c+z'jdf{x¿n] Jojxf/
u/]sf] ;Djt sflQsflb ePsf]n] k~rfË lgdf{0fsf]
cWoogdf of] lbgn] ljz]if dxj /fVg] s'/f pxfFn]
atfpg'ePsf] lyof] . g]kfndf a'4hoGtL klg oxL
lbg dgfpg] k/Dk/f /x]sf] P]ltxfl;s tYo / k|df0f
g]kfnLn] s'g} lbg e]§fpnfg\ eGg] pxfFsf] dfGotf
lyof] . c¿sf] nx}nx}df j}zfv k"l0f{dfsf
lbg a'4hoGtL dgfOG5, o;sf] k/LIff ul/g'k5{ eGg'x'GYof] .
nx}nx}sf] csf]{ s'/f klg pxfFn] ;'gfpg'ePsf] lyof] .
go/fh u'?sf cg';f/ g]kfnn] cª\u|]h;Fu % j6f
n8fOF n8]sf] lyof] . rf/ j6fdf cª\u|]hx¿sf]
xf/ eof] . ToxfF n8\g] jL/ g]kfnLsf] st} gfd
5}g, t/ cª\u|]h;Fu xf/]sf] n8fOFsf of]4fnfO{
dfq xfdL jL/ eGb}5f}F . lsgeg] cª\u|]hn]
To:tf] n]lvlbP / k|rf/ ul/lbP . cWoog, cg';Gwfg
/ vf]hsf] sdL ePdf bf; k|j[lQ hGdG5 eGg] s'/f u'?
x/bd bf]xf]¥ofpg'x'GYof] .
go/fh kGtn] k"jL{o ljåfgx¿sf]
oyfof]Uo sb/ x'g g;s]sf]df ;w}F lrGtf JoQm ug'{eof] .
otfsf cWo]tfx¿n] klxn] g} kQf nufPsf s'/f
cfkm"n] kQf nufPsf] eGg] klZrdfx¿sf]
bfaLsf] pxfF k|dfl0fs ¿kdf k|ltsf/ u/L k"jL{o
ljBfsf] /Iff ug'{x'GYof] . lqlj ;f+:s[lts kl/ifbsf]
@)@@ ;fnsf] k|sfzg æg]kfnÆ df lnR5ljsfnsf]
Oltxf; / lznfn]v zLif{ssf] n]vdf O6fnLsf cg';Gwftf
/]lgO/gf]nLn] %# j6f lznfn]vdWo] g]kfnLn] kQf nufPsf
!# j6f klg cfkm}Fn] k9]sf] >]o lng u/]sf] b'ik|of;nfO{
u'?n] pbfË kfl/lbg'ePsf] 5 . ul0ftsf g]kfnL
ljåfg uf]kfn kfF8] / pgsf] 3gd"n (Cube-root)
lgsfNg] /Llt ;lj:tf/ s]nfP/ pxfFn] 3gd"ndf
klg q}/flzs nfU5 eGg] uf]kfn kfF8]sf] l;4fGtnfO{
;fsf/ ug'{eof] . klZrdL ul0ft k|0ffnLdf of]
;Dej dflgPsf] lyPg . g]/fk|kaf6 k|sflzt pQm
k':tssf] k'gM k/LIff ug{ u'?n] dnfO{ /fli6«o
sDKo'6/ s]Gb|df nlulbg cfu|x ug'{eof] . xfdL
sDKo'6/ s]Gb|df ;do lnP/ uof}F, t/ k'/fgf ul0ftsf
s'/f / ;+:s[t efiffsf] ;Gbe{ eg]/ ToxfFsf ;a} gjo'jsx¿
klG5P . s;}af6 ;xof]u ePg . t}klg u'?
cfgf] sfo{df lg/Gt/ nflu/xg'eof] . k|frLg
/ gjLg ul0ftsf] t'ngf eGg] k':ts k|sflzt ug'{eof] .
6ndL / efis/ eGg] n]v k|sflzt u/]/ pxfFn] u|Ls ljBf
/ k"jL{o ljBfsf] t'ngfTds ljj]rgf klg ug'{eof] .
ljz]iftM ljb]zLsf] cGwfg's/0f k|lt g]kfnLnfO{ ;r]t
u/fpg] sfo{df u'?n] nufPsf] u'g cd"No 5 .
go/fh kGt;Fu d]/f] ;Dks{ ;+hf]u} ;+hf]usf] oyfy{
xf] . ;aeGbf 7"nf] ;+of]u t dxfaf}4 6f]nsf]
d hlGdPs} sf]7fdf deGbf @$ jif{ @ dlxgf klxn] pxfF
hGdg'ePsf] /x]5 . kl5 pxfF ;f]xL Onfsfsf] ;jnjxfndf
a:g'x'GYof] / d dxfaf}4df . k|To]s lbg pxfF
d]/f] 3/5]paf6 dxfaf}4sf] r}To x'Fb} df;+uNnLl:yt
wgjh| ah|frfo{sf] 3/df cfkm"n] rnfPsf] kf7zfnf
hfg'x'GYof] . Tolta]nf d]/f a'afn] ;+:s[tsf
kl08t, ljåfg\ go/fh kGt pxfF g} xf] egL b]vfpg'x'GYof] .
af6f]df lxF8\bf go/fh c¿eGbf cnUu} b]lvg'x'GYof] .
b'j} xft k5fl8 afFw]/ j/k/ s]xL gx]/L n;sn;s lxF8\g'x'GYof] .
cfFvf ;w}F cfsfzlt/ / lz/ 7f8f] x'GYof] . @))(
;fndf ;+:s[t ljifodf kf; x'g g;sL d P;Pn;Ldf km]n
ePsf] jif{ lyof] . a'afn] dnfO{ Pslbg u'?sf]
3/df nuL ;+:s[t k9fOdfUg] hdsf]{ ug'{eof] .
t/, u'?af6 o;/L OGsf/ eof] ls To;nfO{ d}n] slxNo}
la;{g ;lsgF . To;kl5sf lbgx¿df d}n]
yfxf kfpFb} uPFÙ go/fh kGtsf] cWoog / cWofkg
k4lt d}n] klxNofPsf] af6f]eGbf w]/} leGg 5 / d To;
gfpdf ofqf ug{ of]Uo 5'OgF . pxfFn] n]v]sf]
lj>flGt k':tssf] k|:tfjgfaf6 of] c :ki6
x'G5 . To;sf] pbfx/0f o;k|sf/ 5 .
æxfd|f] otf jt{dfgsfndf k|rlnt lzIffk4lt lg?2]Zo
5, o:tf] lsl;dsf] lzIffn] dflg;x¿nfO{ csd{0o
dfq agfpF5, ljåfg\ agfpg ;Sb}g eGg] s'/f dgdf
b[9 eO{ hd]sf] 5 . d]/f] o:tf] ljrf/ xfd|f]
otfsf dflg;sf nflu ?lrs/ x'g;s]sf] 5}g . o;
sf/0f d]/f] cWofkgk4lt;Fu c;xdlt /fVg] dflg; k|;:t
5g\ . d}n] d]/f b'O{ j6} 5f]/f dx]z tyf lbg]znfO{
cfg} cWofkgk4ltdf x'sf{PF . h]7f] 5f]/f
dx]znfO{ t d}n] g} of] k4ltdf nufPsf] x'F, k/Gt'
lj:tf/} d]/f] sfd nf]ssf] ?lrs/ x'Fbf] /x]g5 eGg]
cg'ej x'Fb} uPkl5 hf] kfof] p;}nfO{ cfgf]
cWofkg k4ltdf nufpg] sfd 5f8]F tyf of] k4ltsf] kf7\oqmd
/ of] k9fO :jLsf/ ug]{x¿n] kfngf ug'{kg]{
lgod agfPF . sfG5f] 5f]/f] lbg]zn] pgsf] !)
jif{sf] pd]/df -@)!^ ;fn_ df d}n] agfPsf] lgod Ps
k|lt cfkm}Fn] ;f/L, ;f] :jLsf/ ;d]t u/L k|j]z u/] .
To;kl5 d]/f] k9fO k9\g sf]xL klg cfPsf] 5}g .
x'g t d}n] of] k4ltsf] k|f/De lj=;+= !((& df
u/]sf] x'F . o; k4ltsf] klxnf] ljBfyL{ d]/f
dfdfsf h]7f 5f]/f rGb|gfy -lj=;+= !(*&@))#_
x'g\ . pgsf] k9fOsf] ljrf/ u/]/ g} d]/f s]xL
Oi6ldqn] cfgf dfG5]x¿nfO{ d]/f] cWofkgk4ltdf
k|j]z u/fPsf x'g\ .Æ
go/fh;Fu d]/f] bf];|f] ;fIffTsf/ @& jif{kl5Ù
@)#^ ;fnsf] j}zfv dlxgfdf d klg pxfF;Fu} g]kfn /fhsLo
k|1fk|lti7fgsf] ;b:odf lgo'Qm ePkl5 eof] .
To; lgo'lQmdf kg]{ ( hgfdWo] slj e"lk z]/rg,
snfsf/ cd/ lrqsf/, Oltxf;sf/ 9'l08/fh e08f/L, gf6ssf/
ljhoaxfb'/ dNn, snfsf/ n}gl;+x afª\b]n /
go/fh ;d]t ^ hgf cfh lbjËt eO;s]sf 5g\ .
k|1fk|lti7fgdf ePsf] lgo'lQmn] xfdL ljleGg
ljwfsf ofqLx¿nfO{ Pp6} rf}tf/Ldf pEofOlbof] .
ToxfF dnfO{ klxnf] k6s cg'ej eof]Ù efiff,
snf, ;flxTo, ;+:s[lt / 1fglj1fg k[ys\ ljwf
xf]Ogg\, Ps} kj{tsf ljleGg df]xf]8f dfq x'g\ / r'nL
Pp6} xf] . oL ljwfsf ljleGg kf6f]df go/fh kGtsf]
kf6f] ;a}eGbf kfsf] / alnof] lyof] . kGtsf]
vf]h / cg';Gwfgsf] ljifoj:t' Oltxf; / ;}4flGts Hof]ltif
lyP / pxfFsf] sfo{k4lt j}1flgs lyof] . go/fh
kGtnfO{ k|lti7fgdf ;a}n]
u'?Ú egL ;Daf]wg
ub{y] . pxfF zf/Ll/s b[li6n] lg/f]uL eP tfklg
cfFvf / sfgsf] sdhf]/Ln] ubf{ k7gkf7g ug{ ;xfosx¿sf]
e/ kg'{x'GYof] . To;}n] a]nfdf}sf ldnfP/ d
pxfFsxfF hfg] cj;/ lnGy]F . sf]7fleq k:gf;fy
sf] cfof], lsg cfof] egL t'?Gt} rgfvf] x'g] pxfFsf]
clt /fd|f] afgL lyof] .
æd :jefjtM Psf]xf]/f] k|j[lQsf] dflg; x'FÆ
eGg] go/fhsf] rfl/lqs cleJolQm Jojxf/df klg k|:6
lNs/xG5 . o; ;Gbe{df 1fgu'gsf s'/f df
d}n] atfO;s]sf] s'/f] km]l/ bf]xf]¥ofpmM 36gf
s] eof] eg] u'?n] hËaxfb'/sf] /fhelQm ljifos
cfgf] k|jrgnfO{ cfwf/ agfP/ kBfTds ¿kdf
u/]sf] Oltxf;sf] j0f{g g]/fk|k|sf] k|1f klqsfdf
5flkg k'Uof]Ù t/ ljt/0f afFsL lyof] .
olQs}df To; kBsf] of] c+zM
æxfd|f /fhf t/ª\uL sn'liftrl/tf /fhkTgL
x'gfn]
w]/}n] b'Mv kfP d'n's klg etfe'Ë aGbf] 5 P]n] .Æ
df lj/f]w / rrf{ z'? eof] . tL zAb km]g{ s'nkltnufot
;a}n] cg'/f]w u/], t/ u'?n] Tof] dfGg'ePg .
s'/f rs{Fbfrs{Fbf b/af/;Dd k'Uof] . cGttM
of] c+z 5flkPsf kfgf x6fP/ k|1f ljt/0f ul/of] .
u'?n] k|1f sf] ;Dkfbg d08naf6 tTsfn /flhgfdf lbg'eof] .
t/, ;+of]u xf] jf ;'lgof]lhtÙ ;f]xL jif{
@)#& ;fndf >L % jL/]Gb|af6 u'?nfO{ tSdf aS;
eof] .
w]/}n] ;+:s[tsf kl08tn] cª\u|]hL hfGb}gg\ eGg]
7fG5g\ . go/fhn] eg] cª\u|]hL dfq geO{
k|mfG;]nL efiffdf n]lvPsf k':tsx¿ klg k9\g'x'GYof] .
:jfWofogaf6} g]jf/ -/~hgf_ lnlk l;s]/ lznfkqx¿
k9\g ;dy{ ePsf] s'/f u'?n] lnR5lj ;Djtsf] lg0f{o
k':tsdf pNn]v ug'{ePsf] 5 . t/, To;d} æhd{g
efiff dnfO{ km'§L klg gcfpg]Æ eGg] u'?sf]
:jLsf/f]lQm klg k|sflzt 5 . cfgf] u'0fbf]if
/ sdhf]/L gn'sfOsg :ki6 af]Ng] pxfFsf] :jefj lyof] .
cfkm"nfO{ gcfpg], cfkm"n] ghfg]sf]df pxfF
;w}F :ki6 hjfkm lbg'x'GYof] . cfkm"n]
Oltxf; klxNofpg] qmddf xft xfn]sf] s'/f pxfF o;/L
JoQm ug'{x'G5 æo;eGbf w]/} cufl8b]lv
g} l;4fGt Hof]ltif ljifosf] ;f]kklQs ljBf k/Dk/f
rnfpg d ;dy{ x'Gg eGg] nflu;s]sf]n] d}n] cfgf]
hGde"ld g]kfnsf] k|fdfl0fs Oltxf; klxNofpg]
sfddf xft xfn]sf] x'F .Æ o;/L xft xfn]sf]
sfddWo] pxfFsf] s[lt lnR5lj ;Djtsf] lg0f{o nfO{
g]kfnL Oltxf;sf/x¿ ljz]if dxj lbG5g\ .
o;} k':tssf] lglDt pxfFnfO{ dbg k'/:sf/ klg k|fKt
eof] .
k|1fk|lti7fgn] pxfFnfO{ s]xL sfd ug]{ jftfj/0f
lbFb} cfPsf]df @)$^ ;fnsf] qmflGtn] s]xL bvn lbof] .
aflx/sf] ljb|f]x ;kmn x'Fb} uPkl5 :jefjtM k|1fk|lti7fgdf
klg sd{rf/L / snfsf/x¿ ljb|f]x ug{ yfn] .
s'nklt nufot ;a} k|f1;Fu /flhgfdf dfUg yfn] ltgn] .
d Tolta]nf ;b:o;lrj lyPF . s] ug]{ eg]/ ;a};Fu
;Nnfx ug]{ qmddf u'?;Fu s'/f ubf{ pxfFn] cfgf]
k'/fgf] egfO bf]xf]¥ofpg'eof]Ù æo'/f]kdf
klxn] ljBfsf] qmflGt cfof] / kl5af6 dfq /fhgLlts
qmflGt eof] . xfdLsxfF ljBfsf] qmflGt cfpg}
;s]g . To;}n] /fhgLlts qmflGt dfq cfO/xG5 .Æ
o:t}df kl/l:ylt lbgk/ lbg lau|g yfNof] . k|f1kl/ifbsf
( hgfdWo] * hgfn] /flhgfdf lbP, t/ go/fhaf6 /flhgfdf
cfPg . gf/fafhL x'Fb}lyof] . olQs}df s]xL
jl/i7 snfsf/ / s]xL pRr sd{rf/Laf6 u'?nfO{ æsfnf]
df];f]Æ bNg] ljrf/ k|s6 x'g yfNof] .
xf Û xf Û df xf Û xf Û ldnfpg
;a} tlD;P . æ7]nfdf /fv]/ h'Qfsf] dfnf
nufO{ 3'dfpF5'Æ eGg]x¿ klg b]lvg yfn]
cfg} snfsf/dWo]af6 . dnfO{
u'?sf]
3/ uP/ /flhgfdf dfluNofpgf];\Ú eGg]
df}lvs
cfb]zÚ klg lbP ltgn] . u'?sf] ;jnjxfnsf]
3/df km]l/ k'u]F . u'?sf k'q lbg]zn] ;a} s'/f
sfgdf 7"nf] 7"nf] :j/n] ;'gfOlbg'eof] .
To; 3/df ;+:s[t efiffdf s'/fsfgL ug]{ k/Dk/f sfod}
lyof] . Tof] lbg klg ;a} ;Gb]z ;+:s[tdf g}
k|jfx eof] . go/fh u'?n] ulx/f] cfjfhdf :ki6;Fu
eGg'eof], æ;'Gg';\ 8fS6/ ;fx]a, tkfO{F /flhgfdf
dfUg cfpg'eof], t/ d /fhL 5}g . /fhL geO{ s;/L
/flhgfdf n]Vg] < To;}n] tkfO{F kms]{/ hfg';\ .
c¿nfO{ klg elglbg';\ d /fhL 5}g / /flhgfdf
lbGgF .Æ s'/f rf/}lt/ km}lnof] .
rf}aL; 306fleq /flhgfdf glbPdf
df];f] bNg]Ú
OToflb s'/f kqklqsfdf klg 5flkof] . olQs}df
!! h]7 @)$& ;fndf cfgGbb]j e§n] kl/j]z
klqsfdf pxfF klg u'?;Fu /flhgfdf dfUg uPsf] s'/fnfO{
;lj:tf/ 5flklbg'eof] . pxfF k|hftGqsf] kIfw/
eP/ u'?sf] 3/df k'Ug'ePsf] /x]5 . To; n]vkl5
cfqmf]zsf] gf6sdf pq]sf snfsf/x¿ kbf{k5fl8
ljlng eP . To; n]vsf clGtd jfSox¿ o;
k|sf/ 5g\ . æ===t/ km]l/ klg u'?n] eGg'eof]
ltdL ltd|f] af6f] nfu . d d]/f] af6f] nfU5' .
ef]ln d Ps]8]dL hfG5' hfG5', sfnf] df];f] blndfUg'k/]
blndfU5', t/ Tof] df];f] k|hftGqs} df];f] x'g]5 .Æ
u'? k|1fk|lti7fgaf6 x6\g'ePg / @)%) ;fn;Dd
;b:o g} sfod /xg'eof] . To;kl5 cfhLjg ;b:osf
¿kdf /xg'ePsf g]kfns} k|lti7f cfh xfdLn]
u'dfPsf 5f}F . csf]{ zAbdf eGbf pxfFn] lj>fd
lng'ePsf] 5 . x'g t lj>fdsf ;dodf kBx¿
/rgf u/]/ ælj>flGtÆ k':ts k|sfzg
ug'{ePsf] lyof] / pQm k':tsdf
ljBfyL{Ú
gfds Ps kf7df o:tf] n]lvPsf] 5M
:ju{df eo g} x'Gg, g tf xh'/ -d[To'_ s} eo .
a'9\ofOFsf] g tf, ef]s Kof;b]lv s'g} eo ..
zf]s b'Mvflbn] xLg ;bf cd/ hLjg .
kfOG5 :ju{d} dfq, eGb5g\ oL ;a} hg ..
xh'/nfO{ x] d[To' Û Tof] :ju{ ;a ofb 5 .
Tof] :ju{ kfpg] o1 k9\g kfpF ls ljGtL 5 ..
:ju{ k|fKt ug]{ ljlw k9\g kfpg] u'? go/fh kGtsf]
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