afª\b]nsf] dgsf] dw'/f] cfr

s'g o:tf] df]x lyof], h;n] bfhL{lnªsf] g]kfnL kl/jf/df hGd]sf / g]kfn b]Vt} gb]v]sf n}gl;+x afª\b]nnfO{ z'?b]lv g} ;a} b[li6n] ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnL agfof] < s'g k|]/0ffn] pgnfO{ ;flxTo / snftkm{ cfsli{ft u¥of], pgsf dgdf pkNnf]sf]l6sf] pTs[i6tfsf] rfxgf hufof] / ;fwgfdf tNnLg agfof] < s'g cfuf] lyof] h;n] pgnfO{ g]kfnL snfsf] hu]gf{sf nflu To:t/L hufof] <
afª\b]nsf dgsf] Tof] cfuf] 5fDgsf nflu s'/f ubf{ jftf{sf/nfO{ nfUof], ToxfF To:tf] rsf]{ /fk / tfk ePsf] cfuf] xf]Og afnfkgb]lvs} klxrfgsf] vf]hL / cfTd ;r]ttfsf] lbuf], dw'/f] / zfGt cfFr dfq lyof] . pRrtf, pTs[i6tf, zflGt, ;/ntf / zLtntf pgn] s~rgh‹faf6 kfPsf] k|]/0ff lyof] .

  • d bfhL{lnªsf] 6se/ sdfgdf hlGdPsf] x'F . cfdf t d !) dlxgfsf] 5Fb} laTg'ePsf] xf] . To;f]x'Fbf d xh'/cfdfs} sfvdf x'ls{PF . pxfFnfO{ d kl5;Dd cfdf g} eGy]F . xh'/cfdf hlxn] klg g]kfn–g]kfn–g]kfn elg/xg'x'GYof], hlxn] klg g]kfnsf] af/]df syf ;'gfO/xg'x'GYof] / dnfO{ g]kfn s:tf] xf]nf h:tf] nfUYof] . pt} hGd]sfn] / g]kfn guPsf]n] d]/f] g]kfn;Fu lnÍ ePg, t/ d g]kfnsf] af/]df ljleGg s'/f ;f]Ry]F . ToxL sNkgfaf6 d}n] …d'n's aflx/Ú n]v]F . snsQf k9\g uPsf a]nf klg g]kfnk|ltsf] Tof] efjgfdf sdL cfPg . d]/f] snfdf g]kfnLkg cfpg'sf] sf/0f klg ToxL g} xf] .
    n d Ps}rf]l6 Snf; ;]e]gdf :s"n egf{ ePsf] x'F . ;fgfdf k|fOd/L :s"n k9\b} ubf{ afn] …bfOn] kl9;s]kl5 k9\\\g"Ú eg]/ 5'6fOlbg'eof] . 3/df bfOn] g} clncln k9fpg'x'GYof] . clg d lbgel/ 5f8f uf]? h:tf] 3'ld/xGy]F . Tof] a]nf dnfO{ s~rghª\3fn] ;fx|} cfslif{t ub{Yof] . hlta]nf klg d s~rghª\3fnfO{ g} x]l//xGy]F . laxfg ToxfFsf] ;"of]{bo x]l//xGy]F . a]n'sf ;"of{:t klg To;/L g} PSn} a;]/ x]l//xGy]F . Psf]xf]/f] x]bf{x]b}{ d lxdfnsf] lrq klg sf]y]{F clg sljtf klg n]Vy]F . o;/L d]/f] snf / ;flxTotkm{ a/fa/ ‰'sfj /xg uof] .

;f]r, ;+j]bgzLntf / ;fx;

sgs bLlIft

w]/}sf nflu n}gl;+x afª\b]n snfsf/ / syfsf/sf] ¿kdf lrlgG5g\ eg] pgsf] af}l4s klxrfg eg] g]kfnsf] d"lt{snfsf] cg';Gwfgstf{sf ¿kdf xf], h;n] ;g\ !(^) s} bzsdf …b ;]S/]8 cf6{ ckm g]kfnÚ n]v]/ ljZjdf g]kfnL d"lt{snfsf] lrgf/L lbPsf lyP . lbjËt x'g'cl3 pgL d"lt{snfsf af/]df uxlsnf] lstfa 5kfO{df k7fpg] tof/Ldf lyP, ;fy} cª\u|]hL efiffdf Pp6f o'ufGtsf/L ljZn]if0f ;lxtsf] lstfa klg tof/ kfb}{lyP . oL s[ltx¿ kf7s;fd' Nofpg] cleef/f ca pgsL >LdtL dg' tyf 5f]/L bLgfsf] xftdf 5 .
d"lt{snfsf] ljz]if1 dfq geO{ afª\b]n Ps ;fxl;s tyf ;+j]bgzLn JolQmTj klg lyP, h;n] ;g\ !(&)–*) sf bzsdf sf7df8f}Fsf] k|frLg d"lt{ rf]l/P/ ljb]lzPsf] b]Vbf c;Xo eP/ To;sf lglDt s]xL ug]{ c7f]6 u/] . o;/L pTk|]l/t eP/ k~rfotsfndf g]kfn /fhsLo k|1f–k|lti7fgsf] pks'nklt 5Fbf5Fb} pgn] rf]/L ePsf d"lt{x¿sf] ;"rL tof/ kfg{ dfq} yfn]gg\, Sofd]/f af]sL 7fpF 7fpFdf k'u]/ tl:a/ klg lvr] .
rf]/L x'g'cl3 / rf]/L eO;s]kl5 d"lt{ cjl:yt ynf]sf] tl:a/ ;Fu;Fu} /fvL ;g\ !(*( df …:6f]ng Od]h];\ ckm g]kfnÚ eGg] pgsf] s[lt 5flkof], h;f] ug{ tTsfnLg cj:yfdf lgSs} ;fx; rflxGYof], lsgeg] k~rfotsfnsf] cGTolt/ g]kfndf d"lt{ rf]/Lsf] laulauL lyof] . pQm s[lt w]/} g} nug nufP/, ;dfhzf:qLo ;f]r;lxt lgsflnPsf] x'gfn] cfpFbf] w]/} bzs;Dd o;n] g]kfnL ;dfhsf] pTyfgsf] nflu sfd u/L g} /xg]5 . lsgeg] s'g} g s'g} a]nf xfd|f] ;dfhsf] …;f+:s[lts ;f]rÚ cl3 a9\nf, / Tolta]nf rf]/L ePsf d"lt{ g]kfn lkmtf{ Nofpg lqmofzLn JolQmx¿ klg hGd]nfg\ . Tolta]nf afªb]ns} s[lt / pxfFn] lvr]sf tl:a/x¿ ltgsf nflu ;|f]t ;fdu|L x'g]5g\ . s]xL xb;Dd of] clxn] klg eO;Sof] . pbfx/0fsf nflu kf6g, kmlk{ª, sf7df8f}F / kgf}tLaf6 rf]/L ePsf d"lt{ cd]l/sfaf6 ;g\ !((( df lkmtf{ cfP . h;nfO{ lkmtf{ Nofpg k|df0f rflxPsf] lyof], / tL k|df0f afª\b]nn] ;g\ !(*( df k|sflzt k':tsaf6 h'6\g uof] . pQm lstfasf sf/0f Tof] d"lt{ sxfFsf] lyof] eGg] k|Zg} p7]g .
oL d"lt{ lkmtf{ x'Fbf d"lt{ ;lxt afª\b]ns} klg /yofqf x'g'kg]{lyof] . t/, cfw'lgssfndf ;f+:s[lts ;f]rsf] x|f; ePsf] xfd|f] b]zdf o;f] ePg . cfzf /fvf}F, k|a'4 dflgg] afª\b]nsf] hlts} ;f+:s[lts ;+j]bgzLntf / ;f]r s'g} lbg g]kfnsf] ;dfhdf klg cfpg]5 .

  • d}n] P;Pn;L ul/;s]kl5 afn] …ca s] k9\5;\ <Ú eGg'eof] . d}n] …snsQfdf snf k9\g hfG5'Ú eg]F . …snf k9]/ s] u5{;\ <Ú eGg' ef]Ú . …Tof] t yfÚ 5}g eg]F . …snf k9]/ s] sfd kfpF5 <Ú eg]/ ;f]Wg'eof] . cfk"mnfO{ Tof] klg yf 5}g . snf k9\g 5 jif{ nfU5 eGg] yfxf kfPkl5 eg] …5 jif{df t Pd\P kf; u/]/ k|f]k]m;/ ls 8S6/ x'g' kYof]{Ú eGg'eof] . t/, d}n] snf g} k9\5' eg]/ lhb u/]kl5 pxfFn] dnfO{ snf k9fpg] x'g'eof] .

    w'lnv]naf6 rf]l/Psf] pdf dx]Zj/sf] d"lt{ aln{gsf] æs'G:6 Do"lhodÆ af6 lkmtf{ x'g afª\b]ns} cg';Gwfg / …b :6f]ng Od]h];\ ckm g]kfnÚ n] sfd u/]sf] lyof] .


  • d]/f] af 6se/ lrof sdfgdf x]8Sns{ x'g'x'GYof] . pxfFn] dnfO{ slxNo} Ps ‰fk6;Dd klg lxsf{pg'ePg . d]/f] s'/fnfO{ /fd|};Fu lng'x'GYof] . lax]sf] dfdnfdf klg …hlxn], h'g hftsf], hf];Fu, dg nfU5, To;};Fu u/] x'G5Ú eGg'x'GYof] . wd{sf ljifodf klg, O{Zj/l;t 8/ /fVg' k5{, t/ cfk"mnfO{ h'g eujfg dfGg dg nfU5, ToxL dfg] x'G5 eGg'x'GYof] . ;fx|} w]/} :jtGqtf lyof] dnfO{, hËnsf] hGt'sf] xb;Dd d 5f8f 5f]l8Psf] lyPF . 5f8f 5f]8\of] eg] lalu|G5 eG5g\, t/ Tof] :jtGqtfn] dnfO{ Ps lsl;dsf] cfTd;r]ttf lbPsf] lyof] .

  • snf k9\gsf nflu snsQf ToxfF uPkl5 dnfO{ cf6{;\ afx]s Olelgª sn]hdf c¿ ljifo k9\g] klg OR5f lyof], t/ d]/f] cf}sftn] lbPg . ToxfF c¿ g]kfnL s]6fx¿ klg lyP . t/, d cfk"mnfO{ pgLx¿ eGbf km/s kfpFy]F . d;Fu w]/} k};f x'Fb}gYof] . d hlxn] klg cfˆgf] l:ylt, ljrf/af/] ;f]Ry]F / cfk"mnfO{ ;DxfNy]F . c¿ ;fyLx¿ 3'Dg hfGy] . t/, d k9fOdf nfUy]F .
  • 5 jif{;Dd afn] vr{ k7fP/ dnfO{ k9fpg'eof] . d]/f] k9fO ;s]kl5 …ca alxgLnfO{ klg k9fpg' k5{Ú eGg'eof] / vr{ k7fpg 5f]8\g'eof] . k};f gcfPkl5 s]xL t ug{ k¥of] . To;}n] sdl;{on cf6{ l;Sg] ljrf/ u/]F . To;sf] kfFr jif{sf] sf];{ x'GYof] . Tof] r}F cf6{ t cf6{, t/ a]Un} lsl;dsf] cf6{ . Tof] l;Sbf d}n] w]/} xG8/ vfPF . To;sf] nfdf] syf 5 .

  • Tof] d 5f]6f]df eG5' . d}n] ljZj syf ;ª\u|x cg'jfb u/]sf] lyPF / To;sf] 5kfOsf nflu Pp6f k|];df hfGy]F . To;a]nf d @)÷@@ pd]/sf] lyPF . Toltv]/ dnfO{ ;fyL h;jL/ tfdfªn] kfNYof], ;xof]u uYof]{ . Tof] k|];sf] dflnsn] d]/f] snftk{msf] of]Uotf yfxf kfPkl5 dnfO{ ld= h}g eGg]sf] klAnl;6L clkm;df sfd nufOlbof] dlxgfsf] tLg ;o ?k}ofFdf . Tof] a]nf Tof] k};f w]/} x'GYof] . t/, sdl;{on cf6{;\ gk9]sfn] d}n] dnfO{ nufOPsf] :nfO8\;\ agfpg] sfd g} ug{ ;lsgF . dnfO{ cfpFb}gYof] . Tof] yfxf kfP/ p;n] dnfO{ agfO;s]sf] :nfO8\;\df /ª nufpg lbof] . d}n] Tof] klg laufl/lbP5' . clg p;n] æld:6/ afªb]n, ltd|f] ;l6{lkms]6 t oqf] 5, t/ ltdLn] t sfd ug{ ;s]gf}Æ eGof] / tLg lbgsf] tna lbP/ k7fOlbof] . kl5 d}n] csf]{ 7fpFdf nueu lagf k};f sfd u/]/ sdl;{on cf6{ l;Sg yfn]F . ToxfF sfd ubf{sf] cg'ej / lrghfgsf sf/0f d}n] Tof] a]nfsf] gfdL klAnl;6L clkm; 8Lh] lsd/df sfd kfPF .
    n d}n] clncln sdfpg yfn]kl5 3/df k};f k7fpg yfn]F . 3/df alxgL k9\b} lyOg\ . d cfˆgf] nflu eg]/ klg k};f hf]ufP/ /fVy]F . snsQfdf ePsf] Pp6f 7"nf] PlShlj;gdf ;ft j6f ljifodf km:6 ePkl5 d]/f] xf};nf c‰ a9\of] .

  • d]/f] ;Tolht /];Fu e]6 ePsf] ToxLF xf] . ;Tolht /] / d ;Fu} sfd uYof}{F Pp6f :6'l8of]df . dnfO{ paf6 w]/} s'/fdf w]/} k|efj k/]sf] 5 ,. Psk6s ;Tolhtn] pbo zÍ/sf] sNkgf eGg] lkmNd x]/]5 . Tof] x]/]/ pm rlst k/]5 . To;kl5 p;nfO{ klg lkmNd agfpg df]x hfu]sf] xf] . clg p;n] aflx/sf lkmNd klg x]g{ / lkmNdsf af/]df k9\g yfNof] . To;a]nf xfdLn] snsQf lkmNd ;f];fO6L vf]n]sf lyof}F . x/]s cfOtaf/ x]g{ gkfPsf, aflx/ …Aof08Ú ePsf lkmNdx¿ x]Yof}{F / 5nkmn ug]{ uYof}{F . cGTo;Dd} klg p;sf] xfdLl;t Hofb} /fd|f] ;DaGw lyof] .
    n aflx/ ef/tLo kf;kf]6{ lnP/ a;]sf] eP klg dnfO{ g]kfnL h:t} uYof]{ . d]/f] p7a;, ;f]rfO ;a} g]kfnL h:t} lyof] .

  • snsQfdf !@ jif{ a;]kl5 s]xL b]Vg' k5{, hfGg'k5{ / To;sf nflu o'/f]k hfg'k5{ eGg] nfu]sf]n] hxfh r9]F . hxfhaf6 n08g k'Ug #^ lbg nfUof] . &@ kfp08 ef8f nfUYof] . d ToxfF k'Ubf htftt} s'lx/f]n] 9flsPsf], hf8f] klg lyof] . d Pp6f Ol08ogsxfF a;]sf] lyPF . o;/L 3'Dbf cgf}7f cgf}7f 36gf x'G5g\ . d Pslbg lbge/ 3'd]/ kmls{Fbf a]n'sf cfk"m a;]sf] 3/ g} lrlggF . lxpF k/]sf] / Ps}gf;sf 3/x¿ ePsfn] d ;fx|} g/fd|/L cNdlnP/ al;/x]sf] lyPF, 5]psf] 3/df …vfs\ y"Ú u/]sf] ;'g]/ oxL xf] eGg] eof] / 3/ k'u]F . To;kl5 d k]l/; uPF / k9\g yfn]F .

  • k]l/;d} 5Fbf d]/f] x';]g;Fu e]6 ePsf] xf] . pm, cln klAnl;6L ?rfpg] dfG5] lyof] . klAnl;6Lsf nflu h'Qf gnufO{ lxF8\g], cfˆgf] sf/df ljleGg k]lG6ª ug]{ h:tf sfd uYof]{ . t/ pm OG6lnh]G6 / ;]Nkm d]8 dfG5] lyof] . pm ;g\ !(&% lt/ g]kfn klg cfPsf] lyof], k|bz{gL u/]sf] lyof] h;nfO{ d}n] g} pb\3f6g u/]sf] lyPF . p;n] $÷% j6f lrq t t oxLF agfof] klg .

  • snsQf k9\bf g} d]/f] aLkL;Fu e]6 ePsf] xf] . pxfFn] n sf] hfFr lbg' efÚYof] . aLkL Tof] a]nf g]tf x'g'ePsf] lyPg, t/ klg d pxfFaf6 v'a} k|efljt lyPF . pxfFsf] JolQmTj r'Das h:tf] lyof] . xfd|f] ;DaGw pxfFsf] d[To';Dd} /Xof] . pxfF dnfO{ g]kfn cfpg'k5{ eGg'x'GYof] . aLkL k|fOd ldlg:6/ eO;s]kl5 k]l/;df dsxfF cfpg'ePsf] lyof] . aLkLn] dnfO{ z'?b]lv g} tkfO{F g]kfn cfpg} k5{, Ps]8]dL v'n]sf] 5, d lsª;Fu klg s'/f u5'{ eGg'efÚYof] . s'/f ef] ls ePg yfÚ 5}g . t/, ;/sf/ k]l/; ;jf/L ePsf] a]nf x[ifLs]z zfxn] lrgfpFbf ;/sf/n] …d klxNo}b]lv lrG5'Ú elgaS:of] . To;cl3 t snsQfd} 5Fbf dfq e]6 ePsf] lyof] .

  • cflv/df /fhf dx]Gb|n] Ps k6s e]6 x'Fbf …ltd|f] k9fO ;lsPg, ca slxn] g]kfn cfpF5f} <Ú eg]kl5 …;/sf/ d}n] ToxfF lrg]sf sf]xL 5}gg\, k]6sf] ;jfn 5Ú eg]F . /fhf dx]Gb|n] …d}n] g} u/] x'Gg <Ú eg]kl5 d g]kfn cfPF / oxLF sfd ug{ yfn]F .

s]bf/ zdf{
-cl8of] 6]kaf6 ;fl/Psf]_