|
lsg
lau|]sf] <
lxdfn va/klqsf -!–!% / !^–#! j}zfv @)%(_ sf b'j}
cÍsf] 5kfO{ ;Gtf]ifhgs 5}g . s] va/klqsfsf] 5kfO{
klxn]h:t} /fd|f] agfpg ;lsFb}g / <
;Ëd
cof{n
s'df/Lkf6L, nlntk'/
nIdL vltj8f
s'k08f]n, nlntk'/
tkfO{Fx¿n] ;Í]t
u/]sf s'/fk|lt xfdL klg ;r]t 5f}F . lxdfn va/klqsf k|lt
kf7sx¿n] b]vfPsf] df]x / ddtfsf sf/0f o;sf] dfu lbg
k|ltlbg a9\b} uO/x]sf] 5 . a9\bf] dfu cg'?k ;a} kf7sx¿nfO{
;dod} :t/Lo 5kfO{ ;lxtsf] klqsf k'¥ofpg] p2]ion] gjjif{
@)%( b]lv lxdfnsf cÍx¿ gofF k|];df 5flkg yfn]sf
5g\ . ljutsf b'O{ cÍdf oxL sf/0f s]xL q'l6 b]vf
k/]sf x'g\ . t/, cfufdL cÍx¿df ;a} sdL
sdhf]/L ;RofOg]5 / tkfO{Fx¿n] k"j{jt :t/Lo Pj+
q'l6/lxt klqsf k|fKt ug'{x'g]5 . lxdfnk|lt rf;f] /fvL
sdhf]/L cf}FNofOlbg'ePsf]df wGojfb Û –;+=
5'6]sf
s'/f
…v} s] ug]{ <Ú -!^–#! j}zfv @)%(_
df k[i7 #% sf] P3f/f}F x/kmdf æclxn] k9\g'sf] p2]Zo===Æ
b]lv æ===Tof] xf] hflu/sf] vf]hL .Æ ;Dd cIf/;M
bf]xf]l/Psf] kfPF . o:tf] q'l6 gbf]xf]l/of];\ eGg] cfu|x
5 .
dx]z
l3ld/]
g]kfnu~h–!&, afa'ky, afFs]
c;fjwfgLjz bf]xf]l/Psf] dfq geO{
Kof/fu|fkm klg 5'6\g uPsf]n] k|:t't 5 5'6]sf] c+z . ;+=
===ægf} jif{cl3 P;Pn;Ldf af]8{km:6 ePsL ul/df /f0ffn]
lj1fgsf] ;f6f] sfg"g k9\g yfNbf w]/} dfG5] 5Ss k/]sf
lyP . pgL cfO{Pn\ / aLPn\df klg ;jf]{Ts[i6 eOg\ / clxn]
sfg"g Joj;fodf l5g\ . pgsf] wf/0ff 5, æh;nfO{
h'g ljifodf ?lr 5 ToxL k9\g' k5{, clg dfq ;kmn eOG5 .Æ
x'g klg clxn] k|yd >]0fLdf P;Pn;L kf; ug]{x¿sf]
7"n} kª\lQm cf6{\;–sd;{–n cflb ljifodf
egf{ x'g yfn]sf] 5 . k9fOkl5sf] hLjgdf klg Ifdtfjfg o'jfx¿n]
;/sf/L ;]jf ?rfpg 5f8]sf 5g\ . ltgsf] klxnf] k|fyldstf
;'ljwf / cj;/ b'j} b[li6n] cfsif{s lghL If]q x'g yfn]sf] 5 .
Ifdtf / of]Uotf ePsf ;Lldt o'jfsf lglDt xfnsf] k|lts"n
kl/l:ylt ;d]t Tolt cj/f]w ag]sf] 5}g . ;d:ofsf] ;fdgf
t ;/sf/L :s"ndf k9]sf cf};t ljBfyL{x¿n] ug'{ kl//x]sf]
5 . ælsgeg] xfd|f] lzIff k|0ffnL /f]huf/d"ns
ePgÆ, ;dfhzf:qL zdf{ eG5g\ . k|hftGqsf] k'g:yf{kgfkl5
u|fdL0f If]qdf ;d]t lzIffsf] pNn]vgLo lj:tf/ t ePsf] 5, t/
;Lkd"ns lzIffsf] cefjdf To;n] a]/f]huf/LnfO{ g} a9fpg]
sfd u/]sf] 5 . 8fO/]S6/ bLlIftsf] egfOdf, æzx/–ufpF
;a}lt/sf] z}lIfs k|0ffnL rs P08 6sdf cfwfl/t 5 . To;df
;'wf/ geP;Dd l;h{gzLn ljBfyL{ pTkfbg x'Fb}gg\ .Æ
u|fdL0f If]qdf dfWolds lzIff g} >d ahf/df k|j]z ug]{ k|df0fkq
ag]sf] 5 . hLjgofkgsf] sl7gfOn] ubf{ x'g;S5, ToxfF P;Pn;L
lbPkl5 g} hflu/sf] vf]hL z'? x'G5 . xfn b]zel/df P;Pn;L
dfq pQL0f{ u/]sf] hdft gf} nfveGbf a9L 5 .
lg/fz k':tfsf] aLrdf ;kmntfsf] syf af]s]sf pT;fxL o'jfx¿
klg 5g\ . lalhg]z P8efG6]h gfds lj1fkg Ph]G;Lsf 8fO/]S6/
;'j' >]i7nfO{ o;sf] pbfx/0f dfGg ;lsG5 . sf7df8f}F
o'lgel;{6Laf6 PdaLP l;WofPkl5 pgn] cfˆgf ;fyL bLk]Gb|
608g;Fu ldn]/ ?= $)÷%) xhf/af6 sfd yfn]sf lyP .
æz'?df t s;}n] kTofPg . w]/} 7fpFdf k|kf]hn lbGYof}F,
t/ ;a}n] cg'ej vf]Hy] . /fd|f] sfd b]vfpFb} hfFbf dfG5]n]
ljZjf; ub}{ uPÆ, rf/ jif{d} 7"N7"nf Jofkfl/s
;d"xx¿ cfˆgf] …SnfO06Ú ag]sf]df
@* jifL{o >]i7 uj{ u5{g\ .
;'j' >]i7 h:tf y'k|} o'jf pBdLx¿ cf]/fnf] nfu]sf]
cy{tGq Pp6f ljGb'df k'u]kl5 ;k|g] s'/fdf cfzfjfbL eP/ lqmofzLn
5g\ .Æ===
/fd|f]
sbd
ætGg]/L k':tfÆ :tDe z'? ug]{ of]hgf ;/fxgLo 5 .
gofF k':tfnfO{ o;af6 ;xL dfu{ lgb]{zg ldnf];\ . o'jfx¿nfO{
…b]zsf] s0f{wf/Ú eg]/ efif0f dfq 5fF6\g' eGbf
;a}n] cf–cfˆgf] d~raf6 ;sf/fTds kxn lng' /fd|f]
s'/f xf] .
;'a|t
:jf/, ;'oz :jf/
kf]=a=g+= %)#, sf7df8f}F
/fd|f]
sbd
æof] tf]8kmf]8 s;sf nflu <Æ -!–!%
j}zfv @)%(_ df ul/Psf] ts{ ;l6s 5 . cfzf / k|tLIffsf
kn nlDaFb} hfFbf b]z Wj:t x'Fb} uO/x]sf] 5 . /, dfcf]jfbLsf]
lx+;f / ljWj+;n] ef/tLo :jfy{nfO{ g} an k'¥ofO/x]5 .
%–& hgf 3fOt] dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{ g]kfnnfO{ ;'DkFb}df
ef/tn] dfcf]jfbL ;d:of ;dfwfg ul/lbg] ef]Ú eg]/ /dfpg'
/ g]tfx¿n] …olt lbgdf dfcf]jfbLx¿ ;kmfr6Ú
eg]/ 7f]s]sf] efif0f kTofpg' p:t} p:t} xf] .
tf]ofgfy
adf{
dfbL, ;+v'jf;ef
rfxgf cfGtl/s
;f}Gbo{sf]
ærfxgf ;f}Gbo{sf]Æ -!–!% j}zfv @)%(_ ;ª\u|xof]Uo
nfUof] . x'g klg ;f}Gbo{af6 ljd'v x'g sf] kf] rfxnf / <
t/, afXo ;f}Gbo{eGbf JolQmsf] leqL ;f}Gbo{sf] cfˆg} dxŒj
x'G5 . ha;Dd xfdL xfd|f] b[li6sf]0f / cfr/0fnfO{ ;'Gb/
agfpg ;Sb}gf}F ta;Dd xfdL ;Dk"0f{ ?kdf ;'Gb/ x'g ;Sb}gf}F .
k|efs/
ld>
u|fdL0f ljsf; AofÍ g]kfnu~h
axfn
xf];\ zflGt
uPsf] jif{el/ dfcf]jfbL ;d:of, ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg / sfª\u|];
kf6L{leqsf] åGå h:tf s'/f dfq} g]kfnL k|];df kfOGYof] .
/, x/]s ;dfrf/df lg/fzfsf] ‰Nsf] e]l6GYof] . t/,
…;'lbgsf ;Í]t ÛÚ -!–!% j}zfv
@)%(_ n] clnstf eP klg g]kfnLx¿df‰ cfzfsf] ls/0f
hufpg] k|of; u/]sf] 5 .
g]kfnL hgtf cfˆg} bfh'efOx¿sf] /utsf] vf]nf] x]g{af6
x/ xfntdf 5'6sf/f kfpg rfxG5g\ . ;u/dfyfsf] b]z, ;fF:s[lts
;Dkbf÷hn;|f]tsf] wgL b]z / zflGtIf]q eg]/ zflGt;fy
g]kfnLx¿n] afFRg kfpg'k5{, h;/L lxhf] afFRg] u/]sf
lyP .
dw';"bg
bjf8L, larf}/–#
ldnga:tL, ndh'ª
g]kfnL Oltxf;sf] ;a}eGbf sfnf] jif{sf] ¿kdf labf ul/Psf]
@)%* ;fnsf] ljifodf uxgtd ljZn]if0f / d"NofÍg
ul/Pnf eGg] cfzf ljk/Lt …rfxgf ;f}Gbo{sf]Ú -!–!%
j}zfv @)%(_ eg]/ ;f}Gbo{ ;DaGwL j0f{g kfpFbf cgf}7f] nfUof] .
b]z xTof, lx+;f / cftÍsf] Hjfnfdf hn]/ :jfxf x'g nfu]sf]
a]nf …;f}Gbo{Ú sf s'/fx¿n] xfdLh:tf cfd
kf7sx¿nfO{ k|efj kfb}{g . b]zdf bGs]sf] cftÍsf]
HjfnfnfO{ ;a}n] ;s'Gh]n cf–cfˆgf] 7fpFaf6 zfGt kfg{
kfgL vGofpg] k|oTg ug'{kg]{ cfjZostf 5 .
a? ;L=s]= nfnsf] …;'lbgsf ;Í]tÚ n] s]xL
xb;Dd cfzflGjt agfPsf] 5 . l9n} eP klg g]kfnsf ax'bnLo
Joj:yfsf lxdfotL kf6L{x¿ aLr dfcf]jfbL cftÍsf
lj?4 P]Soa4tf b]lvg' ;'lbgs} ;Í]t xf] . x'g t
@)$^ ;fnsf] P]ltxfl;s hgcfGbf]ngtfsf ‰}F ;lqmotf, k|lta4tf
/ ;dk{0f ax'bnjfbL kf6L{x¿df k'ghL{ljt x'g] 5fF6 t
5}g . t}klg dfcf]jfbL cftÍn] ax'bnLo Joj:yf dfq
xf]Og g]kfnsf] P]ltxfl;s k|jfxdfly yf]kl/Psf] ;Í6sf]
cfef; sd;]sd kf6L{ / g]tfx¿nfO{ t eP5 .
vu]Gb|
lu/L …sf]lknfÚ
g]kfnu~h–!, wDaf]‰L
…;'lbgsf ;Í]tÚ df km/s l;4fGt af]s]/ /fhgLlt
ug]{ JolQm ePs} cfwf/df dgf]gLt ;f+;bsf cfklQhgs ljrf/nfO{
…5f8f ljrf/Ú eGg n]vsnfO{ plrt nfUnf, t/ To;nfO{
dof{lbt 9Ën] k|of]u u/]sf] eGg gldNnf ls < o:tf
zAb k|of]u ubf{ n]vsnfO{ cfTdt'li6 t xf]nf, t/ k|hftGqdf lj/f]wLx¿sf]
ljrf/nfO{ klg ;Ddfg / :yfg lbg'k5{ eGg] s'/fnfO{ a]jf:tf u/]sf]
5 . k|hftflGqs ;+;bLo Joj:yfdf s;}sf] ljrf/df 6Lsfl6Kk0fL
ug'{ gfhfoh xf]Og, t/ To;f] ubf{ n]vs Pj+ a'l4hLjL ju{n] ;+oldt
efiff k|of]u ug'{ plrt x'G5 . To;f] ubf{ To;n] pgLx¿sf]
pFrfO dfq a9\b}g, k|hftGqk|ltsf] ;DdfgnfO{ klg cleJoQm ub{5 .
sltko hgtfsf gh/df gfossf ¿kdf ;Ddflgt JolQmTj r] u'e]/fnfO{
cnsfobf h:tf cftÍsf/L ;Ë7gx¿sf] g]tfx¿
‰}F b]Vg' tyf cftÍsf/Lsf] k+lQm / >]0fLdf /fv]/
d"NofÍg ug'{ klg l6Kk0fLsf/sf] l6Kk0fLleq e]l6Psf]
csf]{ cfnf]rgfTds kIf xf] . r] u'ef/f / cf];fdf ljg nfb]g
Pp6} k+lQmdf pleg nfos x'g\ eg] cftÍ / qmflGt zAbsf]
zflAbs cy{df klg leGgtf gx'g'kg]{ xf] . x}g / <
pd]z
kf]v|]n
Og?jf gu/kflnsf–&, ;'g;/L
g]kfn
ef/t ;DaGw
lxdfn va/klqsf sf] !–!% j}zfv @)%( cÍ k9]kl5 g]kfn–ef/t
;DaGwaf/] s]xL n]Vg dg nfUof] .
g]kfnnfO{ ef/tn] cfˆgf] ;'/Iff 5ftfleq /fVg] k|of; ug'{
cgf}7f] xf]Og . of] oyfy{ g]kfnsf /fhgLlts kf6L{ / :jtGq
ljåtju{ ;d]tn] klg a'‰]sf 5g\ . pb]snfUbf]
s'/f] rflxF s] 5 eg] s;}n] klg :jtGq lx;fan] g]kfn / g]kfnLsf]
lxt x'g] / ef/t;Fu klg dw'/ ;DaGw klg sfod ug{ ;lsg] gLltdf
:ki6 wf/0ff /fv]sf] kfOFb}g . elgG5, ætkfO{F cfkm}F
lgx'l/g'ePsf] 5}g eg] s;}n] tkfO{Fsf] 8F8fnf]df 6]Sb}g .Æ
g]kfnsf gLlt lgdf{tf / /fhgLlts kf6L{sf] :ki6 c8fg gePsf]
/ :jo+ g]kfn lgx'l/Psf sf/0f ef/tn] g]kfnsf] 8F8fnf]df a]nfdf}sf
s'lNrg] k|oTg u/]sf] xf] . cfhsf] cj:yfdf s'g} klg d'n's
e"kl/j]li6t x'g' gx'g' of cGo sf/0fn] s;};Fu lgx'l/g'
kg]{ cj:yf 5}g . b]z;Fu dfq gLlt, To;sf] sfof{Gjog /
/fli6«o cg'zf;g rflxG5 . /, g]kfn–ef/t ;DaGw
;'gvfgL / tfdfvfgL cGj]if0f u/] h:tf] w'OF–w'OF vf]Hg]
s'/f] xf]Og . ;d:of xfdLd} 5 . xfd|f] gLltd} 5 .
xfd|f] ;f]rfO / xfd|f] tl/sfd} 5 . To;}n] klxn] cfˆgf]
6fpsfsf] h'd|f df/f}F, To;kl5 l5d]sLsf] af}nfxf s's'/ ;a}
ldn]/ df/f}Fnf .
kf08j/fh
sfsL{
cf]zfsf l;6L ljZjljBfno
klZrd hfkfg
s:tf]
xf]nf b]zsf] eljio
…lat]sf] jif{ x'g s] afFsL /Xof] / <Ú
-!–!% j}zfv @)%(_ k9]kl5 jf:tjd} To; jif{df x'g s]xL
afFsL /x]g5 eGg] nfUof] . t/, s;nfO{ yfxf 5 / s;n] eGg
;S5 o; jif{ klg s] s] x'G5 eg]/ <
ufGwL
uf}td æsËfnÆ
rGb|lgufxk'/, /f}tx6
pgsf]
l;sf] u/f}F
Ct'ljrf/ cGtu{t æef]6 s]zj :yflktnfO{Æ -!–!%
j}zfv @)%(_ ;Fu d]/f] klg ;xdlt 5 .
;DejtM sf7df8f}FnLx¿sf] dgdf s]zj :yflkt h:tf] JolQm
g} af/Daf/ oxfFsf] d]o/ x'g'k5{ eGg] nfu]sf] x'g'k5{ .
s;}n] u/]sf] /fd|f] sfdnfO{ g/fd|f] b]vfP/ v'§f tfGg
vf]Hg]x¿sf] s'/f leGb} xf] .
h] h:tf] afwf, c8\rg cfP tfklg lxDdtsf ;fy ;fdgf u/]/ sf7df8f}Fsf]
sfof g} kN6fpg vf]Hg] :yflktsf] l;sf] ;a}n] l;s] d'n'ss} sfofkn6
x'g s] a]/ <
nLnf
zdf{, sf7df8f}F
lxdfn nfO{ d}n] cGt/f{li6«o cª\u|]hL ;fKtflxs 6fOd
sf] :t/df /fv]sf] 5' . 6fOd n] ;g\ @))! sf] …k;{g
ckm lb Oo/Ú eg]/ Go"of]s{sf d]o/ ?8 lunfgLnfO{
5gf}6 u/]sf] 5 . lxdfn n] klg s]zj :yflktnfO{ To:tf]
JolQm 3f]if0ff u/]/ k'/:s[t ug{ ;Sb}g / <
k'?iff]Qd
sF8]n
k|x/L gfoj pk/LIfs
lhk|sf, 8f]6L
xfdL
xf]Ogf}F
æsf7 t:s/Ldf klg dfcf]jfbL g}Æ -!–!% j}zfv
@)%(_ df xfd|f] gfpF klg pNn]v /x]5 . t/, xfdLx¿
To;df ;+nUg 5}gf}F . s0f{axfb'/ yfkfnfO{ xfdL lrGbf klg
lrGb}gf}F . xfdL v]tL k]zfdf 5f}F / To;}df ;Gt'i6 5f}F .
t:s/Ldf ;+nUg elgPsf ls;g >]i7sf] d[To' !% ebf} @)$* d}
ePsf] klg hfgsf/L u/fpF5f}F .
efg'
/fO{, a/fxf If]q, ;'g;/L
uf]kfn /fO{, dl0f /fO{, dfgaxfb'/ /fO{, /fdk'/–! pbok'/
pgsf]
l;sf] u/f}F
ædg]{sf] ;flns afFRg]nfO{ ;f:tLÆ -!^–#! r}t
@)%*_ n] xfd|f] jf:tljs k|j[lQnfO{ k|:6 kf/]sf] 5 . t/,
o:tf] k|j[lQsf] cGTo x'g'k5{ . zxLbsf kl/jf/x¿
b]zsf cdfgt x'g\ .
Jof]d
ljho
kf]=a=g+= !@)*), sf7df8f}F
s]sf]
8fx <
…slt 9fF6\g ;s]sf ÛÚ -!^–#! r}t @)%*_
df s] s'/f] l;4 ug{ vf]lhPsf] xf] a'l‰Pg . ljb]zdf
g]kfnLx¿n] h] h;/L sdfP klg Tof] g]kfndf g} vlr{Psf
5g\ / Tof] /sdaf6 ltgsf kl/jf/sf ;b:o Pj+ afnaRrfx¿n]
;'ljwfhgs hLjg / :t/Lo lzIff kfPsf 5g\ . To;/L sdfOPsf]
cfDbfgLsf] 7"nf] c+z aRrfx¿sf] lzIffdf vr{ eO/x]sf]
5 . s] o;af6 eljiodf b]zn] ;'of]Uo gful/s kfpgdf d2t
k'Ub}g / <
b]zleq cdgr}g / /f]huf/sf /fd|f cj;/x¿ ePsf] eP kl/jf/,
;dfh 5f8]/ o;/L sf] ljb]lzg] lyof] xf]nf / < s;}nfO{
nfUg ;S5 z/0ffyL{sf] axfgfn] b]zsf] ab\gfdL ePsf] 5 .
t/, s'g} dxfzlQm /fi6«sf ljb]zdGqLn] xfd|f g]tfx¿sf
d'v]~hL s'zf;g / e|i6frf/sf s'/f p7fpFbf b]zsf] ab\gfdL eof]
ls ePg xf]nf < o:tf] vfnsf] l/kf]l6{ª u/]/ ljb]zdf
h]gt]g v'§f hdfpg rfxg]x¿sf] pNnLlaNnL gu/] x'GYof] .
7fs'/
If]qL, n08g
p7f}F
g ;fyL
3/df uf]nL hËndf uf]nL sfg"g vNtLdf hgtfnfO{ oxfF
‰'08\ofpg vf]H5g\ df5fs} aN5Ldf 6fpsfdf 6f]kL z/L/df
ef]6f] ufF; 5}g unfdf zf]if0f oxfF clt g} eof] b]z ‰'08\of]
efnfdf .cfsfz] dxn
5]j}df ‰'k|f] Sof /fd|f] ;dfhjfb lgd'vf hgtf df/]/ Nofpg]
cTo'Qd hgjfb k};fsf] v]n ;Qfsf] ‰]n cfbz{ ‰"7
dGq hgtfsf] nf;df s'Nr]/ Nofpg] s:tf] xf] u0ftGq <
o;}n] ;fyL p7f}F g ca lgGb|f
t clt ef] xfdL ;'Tgfn] b]z 8'Ag nfUof] cl:dtf ;tL uf] .
afns'df/
l3ld/] æjfs' bLgÆ
hgsk'/
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