;Qfsf] v]nsf kl5Nnf v]nf8Lx¿

/fHozlQm t/n ePsfn] ljb]zL rnv]ndf j[l4 x'g nfu]sf ;Í]tx¿ b]vf kb}{5g\ .
g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s dfldnfdf ;d]t ef/t cfˆgf] e"ldsfsf] vf]hL ul//x]sf]n] gofF lbNnLsf] …;d‰bf/LÚ a]u/ dfcf]jfbL ;d:ofsf] cGTo u/]/ d'n'sdf lbuf] zflGt :yfkgf ug]{ sfo{ r'gf}tLk"0f{ 5 .
b]zleqsf ;a} /fhgLlts zlQmx¿ Psh'6 x'g;S5g\ / tL Ps eP eg] ljb]zL x:tIf]ksf] 8/ :jtM ;dfKt x'G5 .
k'/fgf] 9/f{sf] /fhgLlts z}nLn] gofFvfn] /fhgLlts hl6ntfnfO{ ;N6fpg g;Sg] ePsf] x'Fbf /fli6«otf, k|hftGq / ;fdflhs Gofo cyf{t\ …hgtfÚ nfO{ ldnglaGb' agfP/ /fhf, /fhgLlts bnx¿, dfcf]jfbL tyf gful/s ;dfhsf aLr ;Djfbsf] jftfj/0f aGg h?/L 5 .

!* c;f]hsf] zfxL 3f]if0ffkl5 klg g]kfnsf] ;Dk|e'tf cyf{t\ ;fj{ef}d;Qfsf] k|of]u t x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 t/ Tof] sxfF cjl:yt 5 eGg] s;}nfO{ yfxf 5}g . To;}u/L d"nwf/sf /fhgLlts bnx¿n] g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg @)$& clxn] hLljt, d"l5{t jf d[t s'g cj:yfdf 5 eGg] lgSof}{n ug{ ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ . hLljt egf}F, l;Ëf] ;+ljwfgnfO{ wf/f !@& n] lgn]sf] cj:yf 5 . d"l5{t eGg ;lsFb}g, lsgeg] /fHosf u[xb]lv k//fi6«;Ddsf ;a} sfdsfhx¿ To;} ;+ljwfgsf] gfpFdf eO/x]sf 5g\ . km]l/ bnx¿n] ;+ljwfgnfO{ d[t t eGg} ldNb}g, lsgeg] To;kl5 k|ltlglw;efsf] k'g:yf{kgf jf ;j{bnLo ;/sf/sf] u7g h:tf dfux¿ :jtM ck|f;lËs aGg k'U5g\ . jt{dfg /fhgLlts kl/l:yltdf hgtfåf/f lgjf{lrt k|ltlglwx¿ ;fj{ef}ldstfsf jfxs 5}gg\, To;}n] ;Dk|e'tf c‰} hgtfdf g} cGt/lglxt 5 eGg ;Sg] cj:yf klg 5}g .

d'n'ssf] …gofF ;QfÚ xfdL g} xf}F eg]/ bfaL ug]{ dfcf]jfbLx¿sf] bDesf] klg s'g} tfls{s cfwf/ 5}g . k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] vf]hLdf gf/fo0flx6L / l;+xb/af/b]lv 6]s', aNv', dflnufpF / eQmk'/;Dd ef}Ftfl//x]sf sd/]8 k|r08sf k|ltlglwx¿nfO{ yfxf eO;s]sf] x'g'kb{5, ;xL /fhgLlts zlQm casf] hdfgfdf aGb'ssf] gfnaf6 dfq lgl:sFb}g . dfcf]jfbLx¿ /fhgLlts zlQmsf] ¿kdf :yflkt x'g] k|lqmofdf /x] klg clxn];Dd g]kfnL ;Dk|'etfsf k|tLs tL sbflk xf]Ogg\ .

!* c;f]hsf] zfxL 3f]if0ffdf k|of]u ePsf] æxfdLaf6 k|of]u eOcfPsf] /fhsLo ;QfÆ eGg] cleJolQmsf] cfwf/ /fhfsf] ljz]ifflwsf/ -/f]on k|]/f]u]l6e_ jf ;+ljwfgsf] cjlzi6 clwsf/ -/]l;8\o"n kfj/_ dWo] s'g rflxF xf] eGg] s'/f ljlwj]Qfx¿n] c‰} 7Dofpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . t/ /fhfåf/f ljljw If]qdf cfˆgf] pkl:ylt b[9tfk"j{s bzf{OP tfklg /fHosf] ;Dk|e'tf cfkm}Fdf ;lGglxt /x]sf] cfzo ‰Nsfpg] zAbfjnL s'g} klg zfxL 3f]if0ffdf k|of]u ePsf] 5}g . a? ax'bnLo k|hftGqk|lt /fhfsf] k|lta4tf k6s k6s ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5 .
o;/L tLg}yl/n] g} bfjL u/] tfklg lhDd]jf/L lng sf]xL cl3 g;/]sf sf/0f g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}ldstf clxn] 5l/Psf] -l8ˆo"H8_ cj:yfdf 5 . …lqsf]0ffTds zlQm ;Gt'ngÚ eGg] aLkL sf]O/fnfn] @)#$ ;fnlt/ k|of]u u/]sf] njh clxn] rNtLdf 5 . t/ zlQm–;ª\3if{sf] of] JofVofn] zLto'4 kl5sf] blIf0f Pl;ofsf] e"/fhgLlts kl/j]z / hgcfGbf]ng Pj+ hgo'4 kl5 d'n'sleq ljsl;t /fhgLlts kl/l:yltnfO{ ;du| ¿kdf ;d]6\g ;Sb}g . sf7df8f}Fsf ;Qfsf v]nx¿df ef/tsf] …/]k|mLÚsf] e"ldsfsf] Oltxf; lgs} k'/fgf] xf] . t/ ca gofF lbNnL :jo+ v]nf8L eP/ g]kfn k:g] xf] ls eGg] eo pTkGg ePsf] 5 .

gofF ;dLs/0f
;fDojfbsf] lj:tf/ / ;f]leot ;+3sf] k|efj lgoGq0fsf nflu zLto'4tfsf klZrdf d'n'sx¿ bx|f];Fu /fhb/af/sf k5fl8 pleg] uy]{ . t/ ;]K6]Da/ !!, @))! kl5 ef/t cd]l/sfsf] ;xof]uL aGg k'u]sf] 5 . gofF lbNnLnfO{ kfRo gx'g] ultljlwdf ;se/ gnfUg] gLlt cËLsf/ ug'{ sf7df8f}Fl:yt klZrdf d'n'ssf k|ltlglwx¿sf] kl/l:ylthGo afWotf ag]sf] 5 .

To:t} /fhb/af/sf nflu Pstfsf lgs} pkof]uL 7xl/Psf] …rfOlgh sf8{Ú nfO{ a9\bf] ef/t–rLg Jofkf/n] lgik|efjL t'Nofpg yfn]sf] 5 . nueu % ca{ 8n/sf] ef/t–rLg Jofkf/ ef/tsf] k|mfG;;Fusf] sf/f]af/ eGbf bf]Aa/ / ¿;–ef/t Jofkf/eGbf tLg u'0ff a9L 5 . cfpFbf lbgx¿df Ps ca{ hg;ª\Vof ePsf] ef/t ;:tf] lrlgofF ;]jf / pTkfbgsf nflu c‰ dxŒjk"0f{ ahf/ ;fljt x'g] ;Defjgfn] ubf{ a]Olhª ;s];Dd gofF lbNnLnfO{ l/‰fP/} /fVg rfxG5 . a]Olhª / gofF lbNnLaLr ;f]‰f] ;Dks{ sfod ePkl5 sf7df8f}Fsf] v]Ng] 7fpF ;fF3'l/Psf] oyfy{ g]kfndf hf];'s}n] dx;"; ug{ ;S5 .

zlQm ;dLs/0fsf] cfGtl/s kIf eg] ef/tLo k|efj lj:tf/nfO{ lgoGq0f ug]{ lsl;dsf] 5 . hgtf / /fhfnfO{ Pscsf{sf lj?4 pEofP/ rfx] h:tf] u/fpg cEo:t ef/tLo s"6gLltsf/x¿ @)$& ;fnsf] ;+ljwfgn] oL b'O{yl/ /fli6«o zlQmnfO{ Ps} 7fpFdf NofOlbPkl5 ls+st{Joljd"9 ePsf lyP . dfcf]jfbsf] pbonfO{ gofF lbNnLsf] Pp6f v]dfn] ;DejtM cfˆgf] s"6gLlts hLtsf] ¿kdf lnof] . t/ dfcf]jfbLx¿ hlt hlt zlQmzfnL aGb} uP, ltgsf] /fhgLlts k|efj To;} cg'?k 36\b} uof] . cGttM dfcf]jfbLx¿nfO{ cftÍsf/L 3f]if0ff ug{ ef/tsf] s]Gb|Lo ;/sf/ afWo eof] . To;kl5 /fhf Pj+ /fhgLlts bnx¿nfO{ km]l/ ljZjf;df lng'kg]{ r'gf}tL ef/t;fd' k}bf ePsf] 5 .

clxn] aflx/L ?k sdhf]/ b]lvP klg d"nwf/sf /fhgLlts bnx¿ g]kfnsf] jf:tljs zlQmsf] ¿kdf :yflkt x'gk'u]sf 5g\ . /fhf, ef/t / rLg Pj+ cd]l/sfh:tf e"/fhgLlts zlQmx¿dWo] s;}n] klg g]kfnsf :yflkt /fhgLlts bnx¿nfO{ a]jf:tf u/]/ cfˆgf] e"ldsf lj:tf/ ug{ ;Sb}gg\ . g]kfndf ;fdl/s ?lr /fVg]x¿sf] /0fgLltdf /fhgLlts bnx¿sf] 7fpF g dfcf]jfbLn] cf]u6\g ;S5g\, gt /fhfn] g} . To;}n] ;a} vfn] v]nf8Lx¿n] ca d"nwf/sf /fhgLlts bnx¿dfly Wofg s]lGb|t ug]{ kSsf 5 .

…g]kfnsf] l;lSsdLs/0f ug]{ ef/tLo rfnÚ, …rLgnfO{ 3]g]{ cd]l/sfsf] bL3{sfnLg gLltÚ, …k|hftGq df:g] b/af/sf] Uo|f08 l8hfOgÚ h:tf /fhgLlts gf/fx¿ / d'n'sssf] jf:tljstf aLr s'g} ;DaGw 5}g . clxn]sf] e"/fhgLlts kl/l:yltdf l;lSsdLs/0f jf ltAatLs/0fsf] k|of; cltqmd0fsf/L /fi6«s} ljv08gsf] aLp aGg ;S5 . To:t} rLgnfO{ 3]g]{ cleofgdf sf7df8f}Fsf] s'g} klg zlQm ;xof]uL aGg ;Sb}g . uPsf] cfwf ztfAbLdf g]kfn–rLg ldqtf oltlj£g ulx/f] aGg k'u]sf] 5 ls rLglj/f]wL ultljlw g]kfnL e"ldaf6 ;~rfng x'g;Sg] ;Defjgf ;fx|} sd 5 . clg k|hftGq df;] /fhtGq /xFb}g eGg] s'/f b/af/nfO{ g]tfx¿n] l;sfO/fVg'kg]{ h?/t 5}g .

cd]l/sfnufot klZrdf d'n'sx¿sf] d'Vo 8/ g]kfn c;kmn /fi6« aGg] xf] ls eGg] xf] . ;+;f/sf] PsltxfO{ hg;ª\Vofsf] aLrdf cjl:yt of] ;fdl/s /fi6« c;kmn eof] eg] cGt/f{li6«o cfk/flws ;d"xx¿n] sf7df8f}FnfO{ s]Gb|ljGb' agfpg ;S5g\ . tflnjfgn] sfa'n sAhf u/]‰}F ah/Ë bn h:tf ljWj+;s hTyfx¿n] sf7df8f}Fdf c8\8f hdfpg kfP eg] ;+;f/sf ax';ª\Vos d';ndfgx¿sf] a;f]af; /x]sf] blIf0f Pl;ofsf] cj:yf s:tf] xf]nf < To:tf] sNkgfn] cflQP/ klZrdf /fi6«x¿ g]kfndf /fHoan -:6]6 cyl/6L_ ;+:yfut xf];\ eGg] rfxG5g\ . a]nfotn] xfn;fn} g}/f]jLdf cfˆgf] pRrfo'Qm -/fhb"t_ /lx;s]sf jl/i7 s"6gLlt1 ;/ h]km/L h]D;nfO{ g]kfnsf nflu ljz]if b"t lgo'Qm ug'{ klZrdf /fi6«x¿sf] ToxL lrGtfsf] kl/rfos xf] . g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s /fhgLltdf ljZjsf ;a}h;f] zlQm /fi6«x¿sf] cle?lr lgs} a9]sf] 5 . t/ k|hftGq df;]/ /fh;Qf alnof] x'G5 eGg] e|d obfsbf cd]l/sLx¿df eP klg o'/f]k]nL /fi6«x¿ hgflwsf/nfO{ aln r9fP/ /fhflwsf/ a9fpg] s'/fdf ;xdt x'g] ;Defjgf ;fx|} sd 5 .

lrlgofFx¿sf] ?lr g]kfndf :yfloTj xf];\ eGg] s'/fdf ;Lldt 5 . /, afx| jif{sf] cEof;kl5 g]kfnsf] k|hftGqnfO{ ca st} s}b ug{ ;Dej 5}g eGg] s'/f a]Olhªsf lbUuh /0fgLltsf/x¿nfO{ /fd|/L yfxf 5 . To;}n] g]kfnsf] /fhgLltdf s'g} Pp6f dfq kIfsf] jr{:j ltgnfO{ :jLsf/ gx'g] c8\sn sf6\g ufx|f] 5}g . g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s dfldnfdf x:tIf]k gug]{ lrlgofF gLlt t6:ytf dfq xf]Og, ljBdfg zlQm ;Gt'ngnfO{ a]Olhªn] cg'df]bg u/]sf] ;Gb]z klg xf] .

b/afl/ofx¿n] /fhfsf] e"ldsf lj:tfl/t ug{ vf]h] klg /fhf :jo+ To:tf sbdsf cGt/lglxt hf]lvdx¿;Fu cjut 5}gg\ xf]nf eg]/ cg'dfg ug{ ldNb}g . d"nwf/sf /fhgLlts bnx¿ Pj+ /fhfaLr pTkGg c;d‰bf/Lsf] tfls{s lgsf; ge]l6P;Dd d'n'ssf ;a} r'gf}tLx¿ oyfjt\ /xg] x'Fbf /fh;+:yfsf] bL3{sfnLg lxtsf nflu g} eP klg /fhfn] hgtfsf] gf;f] hgk|ltlglwx¿nfO{ gkmsf{O{ ;'v} 5}g . /Xof] k|lqmofsf] s'/f], Tof] klg 7"nf] afws x'g] 5}g . oxL ljZjf; eP/ g} g]kfnL sfª\u|]; Pj+ Pdfn] ;+o'Qm hgkl/rfng ug]{ 6'Ëf]df k'u]sf x'g'kb{5 .

/fhgLlts bnx¿ oyfl:yltnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbg nfluk/]sfn] g} !* c;f]hsf] sf08 ;Dej ePsf] xf] . ca cu|ufdL lgsf;sf] g]t[Tj k'gM Psk6s bnx¿s} sfFwdf cfOkg]{ lglZrt 5 . t/ s] bnx¿sf] tof/L gofF ljsl;t kl/l:ylt cg's"n 5 < o;af/] d"nwf/sf ;a} bnx¿n] OdfGbf/ cfTd;dLIff ug'{ h?/L 5 .
t/ cfTdfnf]rgfsf] ;aeGbf a9L vfFrf] ;'/lIft /fhgLlts cjt/0fsf nflu nfnflot dfcf]jfbLx¿nfO{ 5 . ‰08} *))) g]kfnLx¿sf] csfn d[To', xhf/f}F c¿x¿sf] rf]6k6s, nfvf}Fsf] lj:yfkg, s/f]8f}Fsf] ;fj{hlgs ;DklQsf] Iflt, caf}{F ?k}ofF a/fa/sf] sf/f]af/ :yug / d"No cfsng ;d]t ug{ g;lsg] d'n'ssf] cGt/f{li6«o 5ljdfly k/]sf] cf3ftsf] pknlAw s] < hgflwsf/sf] lgnDag, k|hftGqsf] rL/x/0f / ljb]zLx¿sf] rnv]ndf j[l4 jf ;dfhsf] tLj| ;}GoLs/0f < ;Qf ;f‰]bf/Lsf nflu o:tf] dxFuf] e¥ofËsf] pkof]lutfaf/] kSs} klg dfcf]jfbL sd/]8x¿ 5nkmn ub}{ xf]nfg\, t/ ltgsf efjL of]hgfx¿ clxn]nfO{ ef/tLo ?lrn] ubf{ cf]‰]ndf kg{ k'u]sf 5g\ . /fhf, dfcf]jfbL / d"nwf/sf /fhgLlts bnx¿sf ;fy} cGo ;fdl/s zlQmx¿nfO{ ;d]t ;dfg v]nf8Lsf] :t/df ‰f/]/ gofF lbNnL ca …/]k|mLÚ aGg tD;]sf] cfef; kfpg yflnPsf] 5 .

ef/tLo cfsfª\Iff
g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s /fhgLltdf ef/tsf] lg0ff{os e"ldsfsf] cfwf/ ;g\ !(%) sf] ;lGw h:tf] b]lvP tfklg To;sf] aLhf/f]k0f ;'uf}nL ;lGwaf6 eP/ /f0ffx¿sf] !)$ jif{sf] ;lqmo ;dk{0fn] g} To;nfO{ ;+:yfut ul/;s]sf] lyof] . )!% ;fnsf] cfd r'gfjkl5 g]kfnsf] :jtGq klxrfg :yflkt ug]{ pTs[i6 rfxgf k|hftGqsf] e|'0fxTofsf] Pp6f k|d'v sf/0f ePsf] s'/f /fhf dx]Gb|n] cfwf ;u/dfyf rLgnfO{ / ‰08} k"/} sfnfkfgL ef/tnfO{ ;nfdL r9fPsf k|;Ëx¿af6 lj:tf/} ;fj{hlgs x'Fb}5g\ . c‰} klg ef/tLo ;'/Iff cjwf/0ffnfO{ lgMzt{ cg'df]bg ug]{ xf] eg] g]kfnsf nflu kl/0ffd ljWj+;s 7xl/g ;S5 . t/ To;f] gugf{sf hf]lvdx¿ klg sd 8/nfUbf 5}gg\ . )$% ;fnsf] cfly{s gfsfaGbL, g]kfn u]dKnfgsf] k|fof]lht k|sfzgkl5 ko{6g pBf]usf] dGbL tyf g]kfnL lgof{tdf u}/ ;Ldfz'Ns aGb]hx¿sf] j[l4af6 cf}Bf]lus nufgLdf cfPsf] sdLsf sf/0f Pj+ c;/x¿ a'‰]kl5 ef/tLo cfsf+IffnfO{ g]kfnn] a]jf:tf ug'{ cfTd3ftL 7xl/g] s'/f :jtMl;4 5 .

g]kfndf ef/tsf] ?lr ;fdl/s, Jofkfl/s, s"6gLlts Pj+ ;fdflhs If]qnfO{ ;d]6\g] lsl;dsf] ax'cfoflds 5 . ;fdl/s b[li6sf]0fn] hn;|f]t nufot g]kfnsf] k|fs[lts ;DkbfnfO{ ef/t cfˆgf] lxt cg's"n pkof]u ug{ rfxG5 . ef/tsf] Jofkfl/s p2]Zo g]kfnnfO{ ;lhn} cg'udg ug{ ;lsg] ahf/sf] ¿kdf sfod /fVg' xf], lsgeg] cglws[t Jofkf/sf lx;fan] b'aO{ jf SjfnfnDk'/ eGbf gofF lbNnLsf nflu sf7df8f}F s}of}F u'0ff vt/gfs 7xl/g ;S5 . s"6gLlts ¿kdf …;fpy AnsÚ kfls:tfgnfO{ PSNofpg lztnlgjf; ;xof]uL agf];\ eGg] rfxG5 . p;sf] ;fdflhs rfxgf t/fO{df km}lnFb} uPsf] eGg] ul/Psf] db/;fx¿sf] b'ik|rf/leq n's]sf] 5 . o:tf] k|rf/sf] nIo g]kfnsf] …lxGb" /fi6«Ú sf] 5ljnfO{ w'ldn kf/]/ ef/tLo hgtfdf /x]sf] g]kfnk|ltsf] cf:yf / ;xfg'e"lt 36fpg' x'g;S5 . hgtfdf gsf/fTds 5fk kfl/;s]kl5 t zf;sx¿ :jtGq x'G5g\, l5d]sL dfly cfkm"n] rfx]sf] Jojxf/ nfb\g .

If]qLo cflwkTo :yflkt ug]{ OlGb/f ufGwLsf] of]hgf e/ft cfkm}Fn] cd]l/sfsf] zlQmnfO{ :jLsf/ ul/;s]kl5 xfnnfO{ uf}0f aGg k'u]sf] 5 . t/ ckmuflg:tfg, >LnÍf, aËnfb]z / adf{nfO{ cfkm" …7'NbfOÚ aGg ;Sg] gd"gf k|:t't ug{ …e'6fg k|f?kÚ cg'ko'Qm b]lvg] x'Fbf gofF lbNnLsf s"6gLlts of]hgfsf/x¿ g]kfn–ef/t ;DaGwsf] efjL :j?ksf] /]vf kf] sf]b{}5g\ ls < ;Lldt cflwkTonfO{ :jLsf/ ug'{ 7"nf d'n'ssf ;fgf l5d]sLx¿sf] lgolt g} x'Fbf]/x]5, To;}n] xf]nf d]lS;sf]df eGg] ul/Psf], æljr/f d]lS;sf], O{Zj/eGbf slt 6f9f, cd]l/sfsf] slt glhs ÛÆ t/, ;':s]/f xfn]/ ufOg] ljnfksf uLt cyjf cGwf] eP/ 3GsfOg] ef/tlj/f]wL gf/f b'j}yl/ g]kfnsf nflu k|To'Tkfbs x'g] kSsf 5 . ef/tLo rfxgfx¿nfO{ g]kfn / ef/tsf] låkIfLo lxtdf ?kfGt/0f ug}{ kg]{ afWotf lxhf] klg lyof]Ù cfh klg 5 / eljiodf klg /xg]5 . lsgeg] ldq abNg ;lsG5, l5d]sL ;f6\g ;lsFb}g .

If]qLo cy{–/fhgLltsf afWotfsf cltl/Qm g]kfnsf] e"kl/j]li7t ef}uf]lnstf / ef/t lglb{i6 ;f+:s[lts kl/j]zn] ubf{ klg ef/tlj/f]wL gLlt jf ultljlw g]kfnsf] bL3{sfnLg lxtdf gx'g] s'/f :ki6 5 . t/ o:tf] ;xh jf:tljstfnfO{ :jLsf/ ug{ g;Sbf g]kfn–ef/t ;DaGwdf k6s k6s s6'tf pTkGg x'g] u/]sf] 5 . k~rfotsfnLg ;+j}wflgs ;j{;Qfjfbsf] 5q5fofFdf x's]{sf] cGw/fi6«jfbdf, ef/tsf] lj/f]w ug{ s'g} cfwf/ vf]lh/xg'kb}{g . t/ To:tf] lj/f]wn] e"/fhgLlts bnbnaf6 plDsg g]kfnnfO{ clnslt klg ;3fp k'¥ofpFb}g . clxn] oftfoft jf ;'k'b{uL ;lGwsf ljjfbf:kb k|fjwfgx¿ sf7df8f}F / gofF lbNnL aLr a9\b} uPsf] s"6gLlts b'/Lsf ;"rsx¿ dfq x'g\ . d"n d'2f t b'j}tkm{sf jftf{sf/x¿n] Pscsf{sf] vf]6 g cf}FNofpFbf;Dd cf–cfˆgf d'n'sdf ltgsf] k|fdfl0fstf g} ;fljt x'g g;Sg] cj:yf ljBdfg x'g' xf] .

o:tf] ljifd kl/l:yltdf s"6gLltsf] j}slNks uf]/]6f] -6«Øfs 6" Olgl;Pl6e_ sf] dxŒj ;fx|} 7"nf] x'g] ub{5 . t/ lj8Dagf g} dfGg'k5{, ljZj lxGb" dxf;+3h:tf ljt08fjfbL ;+:yfx¿ afx]s g]kfn–ef/tsf aLr ;+jfb :yflkt ug]{ ;Ël7t k|of;x¿ sd} ePsf 5g\ . g]kfndf ef/tsf] k|z+;f ubf{ …k|f]–Ol08ogÚ sxlng] 8/ / ef/tdf uP/ g]kfnsf] kIfdf af]Nbf ef/tLo kIfaf6 …cGw /fi6«jfbLÚsf] jft nfUg] ;Defjgfsf sf/0f g]kfnsf a'l4hLjLx¿ ;d]t g]kfn–ef/t ;DaGwsf af/]df rrf{ ubf{ lha|f] rkfP/ g} af]Ng] ub{5g\ . sf/0f o:t} x'g;S5g\Ù ef/tLo a'l4hLjLx¿ klg g]kfn–ef/t ;DaGwdf :ki6 b[li6sf]0f k|s6 ug{ ;fdfGotM pBt x'Fb}gg\ . To;}n] g]kfn–ef/t ;DaGwaf/] w]/}h;f] 5nkmnx¿ jf;L dfGotfx¿ bf]xf]¥ofP/} 6'lËg] ub{5g\ . o; cy{df xfn;fn} gofF lbNnLdf ;DkGg g]kfn af/]sf] v'nf 5nkmnnfO{ ;fy{s g} dfGg'k5{ .

g]kfndf ljsl;t gofF /fhgLlts kl/l:yltdf gofF lbNnLsf] ?v 7Dofpg h?/L 5, t/ e/kbf]{ ;"rgfsf] cefjdf To;f] x'g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . g]kfnsf] jt{dfg o'4lj/fdnfO{ ef/tn] s;/L x]l//x]sf] 5 t < of] a'´gnfO{ ef/tLo ljb]z ;lrjsf …lghLÚ t/ …cf}krfl/sÚ kl5Nnf ljrf/x¿ ;xfos x'g ;Sb5g\ .

l;Jjnsf] ;Gb]z
l/nfoG; ;d"xåf/f :yflkt b cAh/a/ kmfp08]zg ef/tLo k"FhLjfbnfO{ j}rfl/s 6]sf] lbg] Pp6f af}l4s d~r xf] . O/fgaf6 kfls:tfg x'Fb} ef/t;Dd kfOk nfOg cf]5\ofpg] dxŒjfsf+IfL of]hgfb]lv lnP/ blIf0f Pl;ofdf ;~rf/ ;~hfn km}nfpg] sfo{gLlt agfPsf] l/nfoG; ;d"x pmhf{ Pj+ ;~rf/sf] If]qdf ljZj:t/sf] v]nf8L aGg pBt 5 . /fi6«klt hh{ a'znfO{ O/fsdfly xdnf ug{ cu|;/ t'Nofpg] cd]l/sfsf t]n sDkgLx¿ h:t} ef/tsf] If]qLo / ljb]z gLltlgdf{0f k|lqmofdf s'g} lbg l/nfoG; lg0ff{os zlQmsf] ¿kdf :yflkt x'g k'Uof] eg] cfZro{ dfGg'kg]{ 5}g . g]kfnsf] ckf/ hn;Dkbfsf] Jofkfl/s ;Defjgf a'‰]sf] l/nfoG; ;d"xn] b cAhj{/ kmfp08]zgdf b'O{ hgf k"j{ ef/tLo /fhb"tx¿Ù dxf/fhs'df/ /;uf]qf / s]=eL= /fhgnfO{ /fVg' ;+of]u dfq gx'g klg ;S5 . t/ g]kfnaf/] hfgsf/ o:tf JolQmx¿åf/f ef/tsf] Pp6f k|efjzfnL af}l4s d~r ;~rfng x'g' g]kfnsf nflu r'gf}tL eGbf klg cj;/ aGg;Sg] ;Defjgf eg] 5 .
! / @ kmfu'g @)%( df gofF lbNnLdf cfof]lht pQm a}7s ef/tsf ljb]z ;lrj sFjn l;Jjnsf …lghLÚ ljrf/x¿n] ubf{ cln a9L g} rlr{t aGg k'u]sf] 5 . ;xefuLx¿sf cg';f/ ;lrj l;Jjnn] lagf l6kf]6 g} af]n]sf lyP, t/ pgsf l6Kk0fLx¿ !& l8;]Da/ @))@ df cfOPkmcf/cfO{ -k]l/;_ df lbOPsf] k|jrg eGbf w]/} km/s gePsf] x'Fbf pgn] k"j{ tof/L a]u/ g} cleJolQm lbPsf] eGg ldNb}g . ;lrj l;Jjnsf wf/0ffn] ef/t ;/sf/sf] gLltnfO{ k|ltlalDat u5{g\ eGbf cltzof]lQm x'Fb}g . ef/tLo cfzÍfnfO{ d'v/ ub}{ ;lrj l;Jjnn] g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df kfFr j6f d'2f p7fPsf 5g\ M
ef/t;Fusf] ;DaGwdf kf/blz{tf b]vfpg] cfk;L ljZjf; sfod geP;Dd gofF lbNnLsf] ;xof]u g]kfnnfO{ pknAw x'g] 5}g .
cGt/f{li6«o ;xof]uaf6 g]kfn lelqg] xftxltof/af/] g]kfn–ef/t ;+jfb h?/L 5 .
g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s dfldnfdf ef/tsf] cle?lr oyfjt\ /x] klg :jLsfo{ :t/eGbf a9L x:tIf]k ug]{ hf]lvd p7fpg gofF lbNnL tTk/ 5}g .
ef/tÙ g]kfnsf /fhgLlts bn / /fhfsf aLr ;';DaGw sfod xf];\ eGg] rfxG5 .
g]kfndf l:y/tf sfod xf];\ eGg] ef/tsf] rfxgf 5 .
af}l4sx¿n] ulx/f] cle?lrsf ;fy ;'g]sf pko'Qm kfFr a'Fbfx¿;Fu} ;lrj l;Jjnn] g]kfnL kIfaf6 cfkm"n] ;'Gg rfx]sf] pQ/ ;d]t n's]sf kfFr k"jf{u|xL k|Zgx¿ klg To; a}7sdf t]:of{Psf 5g\ M
s] g]kfn lelqg] xftxltof/x¿sf] ;+xf/s Ifdtfdf lgoGq0f h?/L 5 <
s] ef/tsf] ;lqmo ;xeflutfåf/f g]kfnsf ;d:ofx¿sf] ;dfwfg ;Dej 5 <
s] g]kfn ef/tsf] ;xeflutfnfO{ lj:t[t agfpg tof/ 5 <
g]kfn lelqg] ljb]zL xftxltof/nfO{ rLgn] s;/L n]nf < o;af6 ;fdl/s xf]8afhL z'? x'g] t xf]Og <
;fdl/s xf]8afhL k'gM z'? eof] eg] cGo afXozlQmx¿;Fu g]kfnsf] ;DaGwdf s] s:tf] c;/ knf{ <
ef/tLo ljb]z ;lrjn] o;/L v'nf ¿kdf JoQm u/]sf dflysf l6Kk0fL / k|Zgsf] cfzo s]nfpFbf clxn] sf7df8f}Fdf rlr{t ;/sf/–dfcf]jfbL jftf{df ef/tsf] ulx/f] rf;f] /x]sf] :ki6 x'G5 . p;sf] Tof] cfzonfO{ lgDg a'Fbfdf ;"qa4 ug{ ;lsG5 M
ef/t /fhf;Fu ;xsfo{ ug{ rfxG5 .
/fhgLlts bnx¿nfO{ k|;Gg ldhf; -u'8 Xo'd/_ df /fVg'eGbf a9L dxŒj lbg rfxFb}g .
cd]l/sfnfO{ l/‰fpg dfcf]jfbLx¿;Fu b"/L a9fpg rfxG5, t/ rLgnfO{ ;fydf /fVg'kg]{ ePsfn] zfxL g]kfnL ;]gf;Fu klg ;db'/L sfod /fVg ;ts{ 5 .
g]kfndf ef/tsf] æulx/f] cle?lrÆ 5 eGg] s'/f n'sfpg] h?/t gofF lbNnLn] b]Vb}g .
klZrdf d'n'sx¿n] g]kfndf zlQm s]Gb|Ls/0fnfO{ ;3fO/x]sf 5g\ eGg] lgisif{ ef/tn] lgsfn]sf] b]lvG5 . To;} eP/ pm g]kfnsf tLg j6} /fhgLlts zlQmx¿sf] ;dfg e"ldsfsf] jsfnt ul//x]sf] 5 . o; cg';f/ /fhf k"0f{ ;+j}wflgs / kf6L{x¿ ;Qfd'vL /fhgLltdf lqmofzLn /xg'kg]{ x'G5 eg] dfcf]jfbLn] cltjfb Tofu]/ zflGtk"0f{ /fhgLltdf kms{g'k5{ .

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dfcf]jfbL–;/sf/ o'4lj/fd 3f]if0ff x'g'cl3 g]kfndf rls{Psf] ;Qf–;ª\3if{df kbf{k5fl8 s] s:tf v]nx¿ eP Tof] s'/f s;}nfO{ yfxf 5}g . t/ aflx/L x:tIf]ksf s]xL ;Defjgfx¿nfO{ o;/L cf}+Nofpg ;lsG5 M
g]kfndf ef/tsf] ;Lldt e"ldsfnfO{ :jLsf/ ul//x]sf] rLgn] zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfdfly a9\bf] klZrdf k|efjaf/] gofF lbNnLsf] Wofgfsif{0f u/fPsf] x'g'kb{5 .
g]kfnnfO{ c;kmn /fi6« aGgaf6 hf]ufpg klZrdf d'n'sx¿n] ef/tsf] e"ldsf hfFr u/]sf] x'g'kb{5 .
ef/tLo cfGtl/s gLltsf ;~rfnsx¿n] cfˆg} ;+:yfkg;Fu ef/t ;/sf/sf] g]kfn gLltaf/] :ki6Ls/0f dfu]sf] x'g ;S5 . ‰08} b'O{ xhf/ lsnf]ld6/sf] v'Nnf l;dfgfdf kfOn}lkR5] ;]qm]6 ;le{; Ao"/f]sf ;z:q hjfgx¿ t}gfy ug'{kg]{ cj:yf ;fpy Anssf] g]kfn gLltsf] æzfgbf/ c;kmntfÆ xf] eGg] lgisif{ cltzof]lQm kSs} xf]Og .
ef/t ca g]kfnleq k'gM k/Dk/fut zlQm–;Gt'ngnfO{ ;lqmo kfg{ tD;]sf] cfef; kfOG5 .
;Qf v]nsf] h'6kQLdf clxn] lr8, ;'/y, OF6 / kfgsf rf/} afbzfxx¿ ef/ts} xftdf 5g\ . To; lx;fan] g]kfndf ef/tLo jr{:j a9\b} hfg] ;DefjgfnfO{ c:jLsf/ ug{ ;lsFb}g . t/ k|hftflGqs /fhgLltsf] v]ndf …PSsfÚ eg]sf hgtf x'g\ . afbzfxx¿sf] 7fpF hlt;'s} dfly eP klg lgjf{rg k|lqmofn] slxn]sfxLF hf]s/nfO{ ;d]t ljh]tf agfPsf b[i6fGtx¿ g]kfnLx¿n] eGbf klg ef/tLox¿n] a9\bf b]v]sf 5g\ . afx| jif{sf] lg/Gt/ cEof;kl5 k|hftflGqs clwsf/ k|lt cfZj:t x'g k'u]sf g]kfnLx¿n] h:tf] ;'s} ;Qf v]nf8LnfO{ cGttM dft lbg] s'/fdf eg] zÍf ug'{kb}{g . sf7df8f}Fsf d}F x'F eGg]x¿ d~rg u/]sf] gf6s b]v]/ cNdlnPsfn] ubf{ afFsL g]kfnsf] b[li6 kbf{ k5fl8;Dd k'Ug} ;Sb}g eGg] ;fdfGo cg'dfg ;xL xf]Og . /fli6«otfsf h/fx¿ k|hftGqsf] dlnnf] df6f]df dfq ulxl/g ;S5 eGg] oyfy{ zfob ca dfcf]jfbLx¿n] klg a'´g yfn]sf x'g\ ls <

g]kfnsf] s'g} klg :jb]zL zlQmsf] lgotdf zÍf p7fOg' x'Gg . 7"nf /fi6«sf ;fgf l5d]sLx¿ :jefjtM /fi6«jfbL x'G5g\Ù en} JofVof cf–cfˆg} lsl;dsf] xf];\ . To:t} k|hftGq / ax'bnLotf a]u/ ax'eflifs Pj+ ax'wfld{s d'n'ssf] Pstf lbuf] /xg ;Sb}g eGg] s'/f bf]xf]¥ofO{ /fVg'kb}{g . d'n'ssf] rfn' ;Qf v]ndf hfn‰]n g} 5}g t eGg ldNb}g, t/ ;a} v]nf8Lx¿nfO{ cf–cfˆgf] dof{bfsf ;Ldfx¿ /fd|/L yfxf ePsfn] cflQxfNg'kg]{ l:ylt klg 5}g . tyflk lg/Gt/ ;hu /xg' k|hftGqsf] lxtd} x'G5 .