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k'is/ uf}td
ut !& dª\l;/d} dfcf]jfbLn]
s]Gb|Lo jftf{ 6f]nL u7g ul/;s]sf] / …df3 dlxgfel/df
h;/L klg o'4lj/fd ug]{Ú ;Gb]z tNnf] txsf sfo{stf{;Dd
k'¥ofPsf] lyof] . o;af6 pgLx¿ ;fFRr}
o'4lj/fd ug{ nfnflot jf afWo x'Fb} uPsf lyP eGg] a'l‰G5 .
jftf{ 6f]nLsf] ;+/rgf / :t/n] klg dfcf]jfbLsf] jftf{k|ltsf]
cfsif{0fnfO{ k|:6 kfb{5 . b'O{ dlxgf nfdf] cys
k|of;kl5 cGttM !% df3df o'4lj/fdsf nflu ;QfkIfnfO{
;xdt u/fpg pgLx¿ ;kmn eP . b]zsf k|hftflGqs
zlQmx¿nfO{ a]jf:tf ;xdlt ul/Psf] eP klg Tof]
sbdnfO{ b]zsf ;a} kIfn] :jfut u/]sf 5g\ . tyflk,
o'4lj/fdnfO{ b'j} kIfn] lg/Gt/–zflGtdf kl/0ft
ug{ ;Sg] g;Sg] ;jfndf eg] y'k|} zÍf / Jojwfgx¿
5g\ .
d'n'snfO{ o'4lj/fd jf:tjd} rflxPsf] lyof] . ca
klg o'4 rfxg] kIfnfO{ hgtfn] b'Tsfg]{ l:ylt alg;s]sf]
5 . hgtf lx+;fsf] lj/f]wdf cfGbf]ngd} plqPsf]
t 5}g, t/ lbgx'F xhf/f}F dflg; ef/ttkm{ knfog ePsf
5g\ . of] knfognfO{ /fHo / dfcf]jfbLk|lt hgtfsf]
…df}g ljb|f]xÚ sf ¿kdf cYof{pg
;lsG5 . pgLx¿ s'g} kIf;Fu klg g/x]sf]
;Í]t xf] of] . ufpF3/df afFsL /x]sfx¿n]
klg ;Qf / dfcf]jfbL b'j}nfO{ /fd|f] dflg/x]sf 5}gg\ .
s'g} Pp6f kIfdf hgtf gnfUg' tyf ;aeGbf u/La dfG5]
g} ef/ttkm{ knfog x'g' dfcf]jfbL hgo'4n] ;j{xf/f ju{nfO{
;d]6\g g;s]sf] :ki6 k|df0f xf] . ljut b'O{ jif{b]lvsf
ultljlwn] dfcf]jfbLsf] of] cfGbf]ng ;+;f/d} ;aeGbf
abgfd / cftÍsf/L k|sf/sf] ePsf] 5 . To;}n]
hgtf nfn jf Zj]t h'g;'s} xf];\ b'j}nfO{ cftÍ
g} 7fGg k'u]sf x'g\ .
o'4lj/fdsf] kmf}hL afWotf
!& dª\l;/df dfcf]jfbLn] s]Gb|Lo jftf{ 6f]nLsf]
u7g;Fu} cfkm" kmf}hL ¿kdf …/0fgLlts
;Gt'ngÚ af6 …/0fgLlts k|Tofqmd0fÚ
df k|j]z u/]sf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] lyof] . …/0fgLlts
k|Tofqmd0fÚ sf] cy{ dfcf]jfbLn] cfkm"
kmf}hL, /fhgLlts / s"6gLlts lx;fan] klg …k'/fgf]
;QfÚ dfly cfqmd0f u/L ljho k|fKt ug{ ;Sg] ePsf]
eGg] nfU5 . o:tf] o'4 ;fdfGotM /fhwfgLnfO{ s]Gb|
agfP/ nl8G5 . ;g\ !((@ df k]?sf] /fhwfgL lndfdf
k]? sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -;fOlgª kfy_ n] o:tf] cfqmd0fsf]
cEof; u/]sf] lyof] . t/, p;sf g]tf uf]~hfnf]sf]
lu/ˆtf/Ln] Tof] cfqmd0f dfq ljkmn ePg k]?sf]
dfcf]jfbL cfGbf]ng g} lzlyn x'Fb}uof] . k|r08sf]
x]/fOdf …/0fgLlts ;Gt'ngÚ / …/0fgLlts
ljhoÚ sf] cjlw nfdf] ePsf]n] k]?sf dfcf]jfbLn]
k/fho ef]Ug' k/]sf] xf] . o;}sf/0f g]kfnsf dfcf]jfbLx¿
l5§} ljho xfl;n ug]{ dfgl;stfaf6 u|l;t 5g\ .
s[i0fdf]xg >]i7sf] xTof jftf{sf lglDt bafa elgP
klg Tof] dfcf]jfbLn] zx/L ljb|f]xsf] lglDt u/]sf]
cEof; lyof] . clxn]sf] o'4lj/fd c;kmn ePdf cfˆgf]
ef]lnsf] o'4sf] s]Gb| /fhwfgL x'g]5 eGg] s'/fsf] ;Í]t
pQm xTofdfkm{t\ dfcf]jfbLn] lbPsf 5g\ . @)%*
;fnsf] tLgdlxg] o'4lj/fdsf] cjlwdf dfcf]jfbLn] cfˆgf]
kmf}hL cj:yf …/0fgLlts /IffÚ af6 …/0fgLlts
;Gt'ngÚ df / kmf}hL zlQm sDkgL :t/af6 a6flnog
:t/df k'¥ofPsf] lyof] . ;lGwvs{sf] cfqmd0fkl5
dfcf]jfbLsf] ;}GozlQm a6flnogaf6 la|u]8sf] :t/df k'u]sf]
5, xltof/sf] ;ª\Vof / u'0fdf klg ljsf; ePsf]
5 . p;n] efjL o'4sf] ¿k/]vf cyf{t\ …lglZrt
kmf}hL sfo{of]hgfÚ klg to ul/;s]sf] 5 .
t/, rsgfr'/ ePsf] p;sf] /fhgLlts ljZjf; / nf]slk|otf
eg] k'g:yf{lkt x'g;s]sf] 5}g .
kmf}hL lx;fan] cfˆgf] a6flnog / la|u]8 :t/sf]
;]gfsf] ;+/rgf hf]ufpg clxn] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ :yfoL Aof/]ssf]
vfFrf] 5 . t/, :yfoL Aof/]ssf] lglDt :yfoL k|sf/sf]
;Qf klg rflxG5 . clxn];Dd pgLx¿n] eGb}
cfPsf] …gofF ;QfÚ cd"t{ / c:yfoL
dfq xf] . ;b/d'sfdd} dfq eP klg /fHokIf x/]s
lhNnfdf pkl:yt 5 . Tolt dfq xf]Og, dfcf]jfbLsf]
;]gf klZrd If]qdf dfq ;Lldt 5, Tof] ;a} ;]gfnfO{ nfdf]
;do;Dd ToxfF dfq /fv]/ hf]ufpg / arfpg c;Dej x'G5 .
dfcf]jfbLsf] o'4 ;~rfngdf If]qLo c;Gt'ng klg 5, h;nfO{
x6fpg p;n] cfˆgf] ;]gfnfO{ klZrdaf6 k"j{lt/
ws]Ng'kg]{ x'G5 . p;n] b]znfO{ k"j{ / klZrddf
dfq ljeflht ug'{sf] sf/0f klg oxL xf] . ;}Go
b[li6n] sdhf]/ geP klg zfxL ;]gf kl/rfngkl5 xftxltof/,
vfBfGg, nQfsk8f cfk"lt{ / zx/ Pj+ ufpFaLrsf]
;DaGwdf dfcf]jfbLn] lgs} sl7gfO{ ef]Ug' k/]sf] 5 .
:yfoL k|sf/sf] ;Qf -cfwf/ Onfsf_ cyjf s]Gb|Lo ;Qf
gx'Fbf 5fkfdf/x¿ knfog x'g] ;Defjgf x'G5 .
To:tf] a]nfdf o'4 :ylut ;d]t ug'{kg]{ x'g;S5 .
log} sf/0fn] ubf{ dfcf]jfbLnfO{ tTsfn} o'4sf af/]df
7f]; lg0f{o lng' h?/L lyof] . Tof] vfFrf] …o'4lj/fdÚ
sf ¿kdf k|s6 eof] . csf]{lt/ ef/tn] klZrd
dx]Gb|gu/b]lv /S;f}n;Ddsf] l;dfgfdf cfˆgf] ljz]if
;'/Iff b:tf -P;P;Pkm_ t}gfy ul/;s]sf] 5 . cfO{P;cfO{
/f]Sg eg]/ t}gfy ul/Psf] ;f] kmf];{n] dfcf]jfbLx¿sf]
rnv]ndf klg afwf k'¥ofpg] :ki6 g} lyof] .
dfcf]jfbLn] ;fdfGo /fhgLltdf cjt/0f ug]{ cyjf klxn]
h:t} zlQm ;~ro u/L ;zQm / lg0ff{os cfqmd0f ug]{ b'O{dWo]
s'g} Ps p2]Zo af]s]/ o'4lj/fd u/]sf] xf] . /fhgLlts
cjt/0fsf] af6f]df nfu]sf] xf] eg] p;n] cfˆgf
5fkfdf/ / sfo{stf{nfO{ lj:tf/} gofF /fhgLlts cjwf/0ff
/ jftfj/0fdf ?kfGt/0f ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . ltgnfO{
ttfpg'sf] ;§f lr:ofpglt/ nfUg'k5{ . olb
zlQm ;~ro / ;]gf kl/rfngkl5 l5GgleGg ePsf] cfk"lt{
Pj+ ;~rf/ Joj:yf 7Ls7fs kf/L k'gM hËn kms{g]
p2]Zoaf6 o'4lj/fd ul/Psf] xf] eg] To;sf nflu p;n]
klxn]eGbf lgs} a9L kl/>d ug'{kg]{5 . tyflk,
oL b'O{dWo] h'g s'g} p2]Zosf] nflu klg tof/L ug{ p;nfO{
slDtdf *–!) dlxgf nfUg]5 . of] lx;fan]
clxn]sf] o'4lj/fd klg Tolt g} nlDag ;S5 .
/fhgLlt
dfcf]jfbL hgo'4sf] cGt/f{li6«os/0f eO;s]sf]
5 . cGt/f{li6«o :t/df cftÍsf/L 3f]lift
ul/Pdf dfcf]jfbLx¿ cn–sfObf / tflnjfgsf]
k+lQmdf k5{g\ . Tof] cj:yfdf dfcf]jfbL cfkm"
ljWj+; x'g] s'/f t 5Fb}5, l;Ëf] /fi6« g}
ckmuflg:tfg aGg;S5 . o;y{, klg dfcf]jfbLnfO{
o'4lj/fd jf ;D‰f}tfdf k'Ug' h?/L lyof] .
;+;f/el/sf dfcf]jfbL ljb|f]xx¿ cGt/f{li6«o
zlQmsf] k|of]uaf6 g} ;dfKt kfl/Psf tYok|lt oxfFsf
dfcf]jfbLx¿ cgle1 5}gg\ . 8f= afa'/fd
e§/fO{sf] of] egfO{, æb]zsf] ;+j]bgzLn
e"/fhgLlts cjl:yltsf] ;Gbe{, cGt/f{li6«o
zlQms]Gb|x¿ / vf; u/L xfd|f lgs6td l5d]sLx¿sf]
e"ldsfnfO{ klg cfufdL lbgdf xfdL ;a}n] b]zelQmnfO{
s]Gb|df /fv]/ lgs6af6 cjnf]sg ug'{kg]{ x'g;S5 .Æ
/, /fhfn] lj/f6gu/df sf]6\ofPsf] …b]zelQmsf]
ldnglaGb'Ú sf] k|;Ëdf tflTjs leGgtf 5}g .
b]zelQmsf] ;f‰f ljGb'df /fhf / dfcf]jfbLsf]
e]6 ePsf] xf] eg] To;nfO{ xflb{stfsf ;fy :jfut ul/g'k5{ .
o;/L b]zelQmsf] ldnglaGb' klxNofpFbf g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qfdfly
sxfFaf6 < s;/L < / s'g sf/0faf6 vt/f
k}bf ePsf] 5 eGg]af/] hgtfnfO{ oyfy{ hfgsf/L u/fpg'
rflxF h?/L 5 . g]kfns} vflt/ ef/t afx]ssf d'n'sx¿af6
;fj{ef}d;Qfdf cfFr cfpg ;Sb}g . o;y{, dfcf]jfbL
hgo'4n] g]kfn–ef/t ;DaGwdf /x]sf hl6ntfsf ufF7fx¿nfO{
km'sfpFb} gofF lbzf lbg;s] To;nfO{ dfcf]jfbL hgo'4s}
c;n kl/0ffdsf ¿kdf x]g{ ;lsG5 . olb, of]
;DaGwnfO{ cfˆgf] bnLo :jfy{df 8'a]/ cfnf]sfFrf]
kf/fn] x]/]rflxF dfcf]jfbLsf] cj;fg ef/tLox¿af6}
x'g]5 .
clxn]sf] ;+;f/el/sf] d"n k|j[lQ ax'bnLotf xf] .
dfcf]jfbLn] cfˆgf] rf}yf] lj:tfl/t a}7sdf …k|r08kyÚ
sf] lg0f{o;Fu} …ax'bnLotf / k|lt:kwf{Ú
nfO{ l;4fGttM cFufn]sf] 5 . dfcf]sf] gofF hgjfbnfO{
k|lt:kwL{ hgjfb eGb} Pdfn]s} ax'bnLo hgjfbL df]8]ndf
dfcf]jfbL cfOk'u]sf] s'/f klg ;To xf] . o;/L
ax'bnLotf / k|lt:kwf{nfO{ l;4fGttM :jLsfl/;s]kl5 dfcf]jfbL
hgo'4sf] cf}lrTo klg l;4fGttM ;dfKt eO;s]sf] 5 .
o;y{, ;+ljwfg;ef ax'bnLo k|lt:kwf{df k|j]z ug{sf]
lglDt Pp6f …;'Gb/ åf/Ú x'g;S5 .
clxn] dfcf]jfbL gofF hgjfbsf] s'/f 5f]8]/ k"FhLjfbL
hgjfbsf] k"0f{tf jf gofF df]8nsf] k|hftGqsf s'/f
ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . of] 38Ldf u0ftGqsf] s'/fnfO{
;fj{hlgs ax;sf] ljifo agfpFb} o'4af6 ;fbf /fhgLltdf
cjt/0f ug'{eGbf enf] af6f] c¿ b]lvFb}g .
/fli6«o /fhgLltsf] s'/f ubf{ dWoddfuL{ /fhgLlts
bnx¿ -sfª\u|];, Pdfn] cflb_ dfcf]jfbLn]
af]nfpFb}df p;sf] 5ftfd'lg cfOlbPsf 5}gg\ . hgtfdf
;a}eGbf nf]slk|o / cGt/f{li6«o hutdf k|hftflGqs
eg]/ lrlgPsf] zlQm klg ePsf sf/0f dfcf]jfbLn] oL kf6L{x¿sf]
cl:tTj / dxŒj c:jLsf/ ug{;Sg] 7fpF 5}g .
b]zleq cfˆgf] k|efj hdfpg tyf cGt/f{li6«o
¿kdf k|hftflGqs ePsf] b]vfpg of] zlQmnfO{ …;fOhÚ
df /fVb} dfGotf lbg dfcf]jfbLx¿ tof/ x'g}k5{ .
o'4lj/fd dfkm{t\ o; lsl;dsf] …/fhgLlts Joj:yfkgÚ
ug]{ cj;/ t p;nfO{ k|fKt eO{ klg ;s]sf] 5 .
/fhgLlts k|s[ltsf] jftf{sf nflu dfcf]jfbLleq s]xL
;sf/fTds kIfx¿ klg b]lvPsf 5g\ . s'g}
lbg /fhtGq cGTo eO;s]sf] eg]/ p208 gf/f nufpFb} lxF8\g]
dfcf]jfbLn] clxn] /fhfsf] jf:tljs zlQmnfO{ :jLsf/]sf]
5 . /fhfsf] e"ldsfsf] sb/ ub}{ k|r08n] eGg
yfn]sf 5g\, æk/Dk/fut ;}GozlQm ;d]t k'/fgf]
;Qf;Fu 5, olta]nf Tof] /fhfsf] xftdf 5 / o'4lj/fd
/ jftf{ k|lqmof eGg'sf] d'Vo tfTko{ /fhf;Fu g} jftf{
x'g hfG5 .Æ
cGttM ;fd|fHojfbL / lj:tf/jfbL;Fu} kf}F7]hf]/L v]N5f}F
eg]/ hËn k;]sf dfcf]jfbLx¿ clxn] …uDeL/
cGt/f{li6«o kl/l:yltÚ b]vfP/ ;D‰f}tftkm{
pGd'v 5g\ . Tolt dfq} xf]Og, ;w}F c¿sf]
cl:tTj c:jLsf/ ug]{ dfcf]jfbL clxn] …hldgsf]
oyfy{tfÚ eGb} d'n'ssf] jf:tljstf;Fu ;D‰f}tf
ug{ tTk/ b]lvG5g\ . æ;+j}wflgs / sfg"gL
ts{åf/f /fhgLlts oyfy{tfnfO{ abNg ;lsFb}gÆ
eGb} k|r08n] jf:tljs /fhgLlts nlrnf]kgfsf] cf}lrTo
k|dfl0ft ug{ vf]h]sf 5g\ . ljutsf] jftf{ c;kmn
x'g'df k|r08n] /fHo;Qfsf] slrËnnfO{ dfq bf]ifL
7x¥ofPsf 5}gg\Ù cfˆg} cg'ejxLgtfnfO{
;d]t :jLsf/ u/]sf 5g\ . o;y{, o;kflnsf] jftf{
kmnbfoL x'g] s'/fdf c¿eGbf :jo+ dfcf]jfbL g}
a9L cfzfjfbL 5g\ . ælglZrt ¿kn]
o;k6s xfdL /0fgLlts dxŒj lbP/ jftf{af6 lgsf;
vf]Hg k"0f{ uDeL/tfsf ;fy cfO/x]sf 5f}FÆ,
k|r08sf] of] egfO cfkm}Fdf ;sf/fTds xf] . g]kfnL
hgtfnfO{ clxn] zflGt rflxPsf] 5 . rfx] Tof] dfcf]jfbLaf6
k|fKt xf];\, of /fhf / ;+;bjfbL zlQmx¿af6 .
hgtfsf] zflGtsf] OR5fnfO{ dfcf]jfbLn] cfTd;ft u/]sf]
xf] eg], dfcf]jfbLn] oxL zflGtsf] ;Gb]zdfkm{t\ ;'b"/
eljio;Dd d'n'ssf] nufd lng] of] Pp6f ;'Gb/ a]nf xf] .
dfcf]jfbLn] eGb} cfPsf] …;+ljwfg;efÚ
af/] gsf/fTds 6Lsfl6Kk0fL gp7]sf xf]Ogg\ . jl/i7
jfdkGyL g]tf df]xgljqmd l;+xn] …;+ljwfg ;efdfkm{t\
hfFbf b/af/ alnof] x'G5Ú eGb} cfpg'ePsf] 5 .
sfª\u|]; ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf clxn]sf]
o'4lj/fdnfO{ …u|f08 l8hfOgÚ sf] …SnfOd]S;Ú
7fGg'x'G5 . oyfy{ rflxF s] xf] eg]Ù dfcf]jfbL
/fhgLlts zlQm xf] / zflGtk"0f{ ¿kdf cfpF5
eg] p;nfO{ /fhgLltsf] d}bfgdf :jfut ug'{ ;a}sf] st{Jo
x'G5 . /, d}bfg k|j]zsf] nflu p;sf] åf/
;+ljwfg;ef jf c¿ s'g} pkfo 5g\ eg] tTsfn} elglbg'
klg /fhgLlts st{JoeGbf aflx/sf] s'/f xf]Og .
jftf{sf] jftfj/0f ag] klg clGtd ;D‰f}tf eg]
;xh x'g] 5}g . hgo'4nfO{ ;+ljwfg ;efdfkm{t\ cjt/0f
u/fpg ;Sof] g} eg] klg dfcf]jfbLnfO{ ;aeGbf 7"nf]
;d:of cfˆg} hg;]gf x'g]5 . hg;]gf / zfxL
g]kfnL ;]gfaLrsf] Pstf crDd nfUbf] geP klg ;xh 5}g .
dfcf]jfbLsf hg;]gf eg]sf s]jn ;]gf dfq xf]Ogg\, pgLx¿,
/fhgLlts sfo{stf{ / g]tf klg x'g\ . @)$^ sf]
;D‰f}tfnfO{ k|r08x¿n] …wf]sf xf]Ú
eg]/ cfPsf lyP, ToxL ;D‰f}tfsf] ue{af6 k|fKt
k|hftflGqs kl/kf6Lleq dfcf]jfbL hgo'4 df}nfPsf] xf] .
sy+ ef]ln /fhf, dfcf]jfbL / ;+;bLo zlQmx¿aLr
lqkIfLo ;D‰f}tf eO{ g} xfNof] eg], To;nfO{ klg
wf]sf eGb} hgo'4 hf/L /fVg] zlQmx¿ d'n'sdf
k}bf x'g ;S5g\ . To:tf] ;Defjgfsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf]
;|f]t :jo+ dfcf]jfbLn] x'sf{Psf] k|j[lQ x'g]5 eg]
hl6n ;DaGw ufFl;Psf l5d]sLx¿ cfˆgf] 7fpFdf
eO{ g} xfNg] 5g\ . To:tf] cj:yfsf] ;aeGbf 7"nf]
df/ k|r08x¿dfly g} kg]{5, b]zn] b'Mv kfpg]
t lgolt g} e}xfNof] .
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