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sfdsf] vf]hLdf g]kfnLx¿ ef/t slxn]b]lv s;/L k:g yfn] eGg] olsg ljj/0f kfpg sl7g 5 . tyflk, dflysf b'O{ jfSof+zn] g]kfnLx¿sf] ef/t–k|j]zsf] Oltxf; / p2]Zoaf/] w]/} s'/f atfpF5g\ . cfhsf] 8f]6\ofnL njh;Fu ldNg vf]Hg] æh}j bfd b}j===Æ !^ cf}F ztfAbLdf hfh/sf]6] /fhf hQmL l;+xsf] zf;gsfndf cf;fd -ef/t_ df ef]uaGbL td;'sdf k|of]u ul/Psf] njh xf] . Oltxf;ljb\x¿sf] egfOdf, of] Tolta]nf k|rlnt g]kfnL efiffs} :j?k xf] . g]kfnaf6 cf;fd k'u]sfx¿nfO{ hUuf lbFbf n]lvg] td;'sdf of] jfSo k|foM k|of]u ePsf] kfOG5 . o;sf] cy{, …hlxn] k};f lt5f}{, Tolta]nf g} v]taf/L ltd|f] x'G5Ú eGg] xf] .

To:t}, æadf{ uP sd{;Fu}===Æ eGg] pvfg sfdsf] vf]hLdf lr6\ufpF -afªnfb]z_ x'Fb} adf{ -DofGdf/_ k'u]sf g]kfnLsf] >d / pknlAw;Fu ;DalGwt 5 . ToxfF k'u]sf g]kfnLsf] d'Vo Wo]o, :yfgLo cflbjf;Lx¿;Fu hUuf lnP/ kz'kfng Pj+ v]tLkftL ug'{ / ToxL e"lddf ?jL -/Qmdl0f_ vf]Hg' x'g] ub{Yof] . ?jL km]nf kfg]{x¿ l5§} ;DkGg x'Gy] . t/, To:tf] sd{ -efUo_ s;} s;}nfO{ dfq k|fKt x'GYof], To;}n] cefuLx¿n] eGg yfn], æadf{ uof] sd{;Fu}=== .Æ

klxnf] ljZjo'4kl5, a]nfotLx¿n] lxGb':tfgsf] nfxf]/df -xfn kfls:tfg_ ;}lgs etL{ s]Gb| vf]n]kl5 hlGdPsf] …nfx'/]Ú zAbn] d]rLb]lv dxfsfnL;Ddsf] kxf8L e"efudf clxn] klg ;dfg cy{, cfsif{0f / Oltxf; af]ls/x]s} 5 . lglZrt 7fpF / p2]Zo tfs]/ ef/t k:g] qmdsf] ;'?cft …nfxf]/Ú etL{;Fu} ePsf] x'g'k5{ . Tolta]nf etL{ gkfpg]x¿ klg ufpF kms{g'sf] ;§f Tot} sfd vf]h]/ a;] / nfx'/] g} sxnfOP .

g]kfnsf sltko /fhgLlts 36gfx¿n] klg ef/tdf >d a]Rg hfg]x¿nfO{ 8f]¥ofPsf 5g\ . h:tf], axfb'/ zfx a]ltofdf a:bf pgsf :jhg / ;]jsx¿ ToxfF k'u] . rGb| zdz]/n] b]z lgsfnf u/]kl5 a‰fªL /fhf hok[YjLaxfb'/ l;+x !%) eGbf a9L cfkmGt / ;]jsx¿ ;lxt aËnf]/ uP . æaËnf]/sf] >d ahf/df clxn] klg a‰fªL / ;'b"/klZrd kxf8sf g]kfnLx¿ a9L e]l6g'sf] cfwf/ oxL xf],Æ hg;ª\Vofljb\ xs{ u'?ª atfpF5g\ . cª\u|]hn] bfhL{lnªdf lrofv]tL z'? u/fPkl5 Totf k;]sf g]kfnLx¿ g} k"jf]{Q/ ef/tsf cf;fd, d]3fno cflb 7fpFdf k'u]sf b]lvG5 . kxf8df pj{/e"ld / ahf/sf] cefjn] sfdsf] vf]hLdf lg:s]sf g]kfnLx¿ t/fO{df cf}nf]sf] sf/0f kxf8L xfjfkfgL g} ldNg] 7fpF vf]Hb} adf{;Dd k'u]sf b]lvG5g\ . bf];|f] ljZjo'4df hfkfgn] cfqmd0f ug'{cl3;Dd adf{df g]kfnLx¿sf] 7"nf] / k|efjzfnL pkl:ylt b]lvG5 . ;g\ !($! sf] hfkfgL xdnfkl5, ToxfFsf y'k|} g]kfnL cf;fdlt/ k;] . ef/t / e'6fgkl5 clxn] klg g]kfnLx¿sf] 7"nf] ;ª\Vof adf{d} 5 .

t/ oxfF, :yfoL ¿kdf ef/tdf a;f]af; ul//x]sf g]kfnLx¿sf af/]df geO{, 5f]6f] cjlwsf lglDt sfd ug{ ef/t hfg] g]kfnL >ldsx¿sf af/]df s'/f ug{ vf]lhPsf] xf] . ef/tdf sfd u/]/ cfh{g u/]sf] k};faf6 g]kfndf cfˆgf] / kl/jf/sf] vr{ wfGg] …axfb'/Ú, …uf]vf{Ú, …sfG5fÚ, …g]kfnLÚ sf] ;ª\Vof, sdfO, sfdsf] :j?k cflbdf dfq of] cfn]v ;Lldt 5 . ef/tLo ;]gf, k|x/L nufotsf ;Ël7t If]qdf sfd ug]{ g]kfnL tyf :j]R5f jf afWotfn] ljleGg zx/sf sf]7Ldf k'¥ofOPsf xhf/f}F g]kfnL r]nLx¿sf] sdfO tyf sfdsf] l:ylt klg n]vdf ;d]l6Psf] 5}g .

slt g]kfnL 5g\ ef/tdf <
ef/tdf sfd ug]{ g]kfnL >ldsn] slt sdfpF5g\ / slt g]kfn leœofpF5g\ eGg] yfxf kfpg sl7g 5, t/ Tof]eGbf sl7g, ToxfF slt g]kfnL 5g\ eGg] cg'dfg ug{ 5 . o;;DaGwdf j:t'ut cWoog, cg';Gwfg ePsf] kfOFb}g .

@)%* ;fnsf] hgu0fgfn] & nfv ^@ xhf/ g]kfnLx¿ ljb]lzPsf] / tLdWo] s/La ^ nfv ef/t uPsf] b]vfPsf] 5 . t/, of] cfFs8f kTof/nfUbf] 5}g . y'k|} g]kfnL / ef/tLo lj1x¿n] !) b]lv !% nfv g]kfnLx¿ …sfdbf/Ú sf] ¿kdf ef/tdf /x]sf] cg'dfg ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ . t/, ef/tdf /x]sf g]kfnL / ltgsf ;+:yfx¿ of] ;ª\VofnfO{ klg yf]/} atfpF5g\ . k|jf;L g]kfnL ;+3 -ef/t_ n] ef/te/df g]kfnL sfdbf/x¿sf] ;ª\Vof #) b]lv #% nfv cg'dfg u/]sf] 5 . ;+3sf dxf;lrj v]drGb| 9sfn #) xhf/ ;b:o /x]sf] cfˆgf] ;Ë7g c¿eGbf 7"nf] ePsf] bfjL ub{5g\ .

ef/tdf sfo{/t g]kfnLx¿sf] cj:yf, cfDbfgL / hLjg:t/ ;'wfg]{ ljsNkx¿sf] vf]hL ug{ uPsf] n]vsx¿sf] of] 6f]nLn] ut k'; / df3df ef/tsf k|d'v zx/x¿ gofFlbNnL, d'DaO{, cxdbfjfb, x}b/fjfb, agf/;, kl6ofnf / g}gLtfnsf] e|d0f u/]sf] lyof] . o; qmddf ul/Psf] ljleGg ;+3–;+:yf / lj1x¿;Fu s'/fsfgL, k|sfzg / cg';Gwfg k|ltj]bgx¿sf] cWoogn] ef/tdf sDtLdf @% nfv g]kfnLx¿ sfdbf/sf] ¿kdf /x]sf] b]vfof] .

x]Ne]6f;sf] lnÍ sfo{qmd cGtu{t jftfj/0fLo s[lif tyf ljsf; s]Gb| -l;sfp_ n] @)%& ;fndf c5fd lhNnfsf ljleGg kfFr uflj;df u/]sf] Ps n3' ;j]{If0fn], ToxfFsf &) k|ltzt 3/x¿af6 sDtLdf ! hgf dflg; ef/t uPsf] b]vfPsf] 5 . @)%* ;fnsf] hgu0fgfn] g]kfndf s'n $! nfv &$ xhf/ 3/kl/jf/ b]vfpF5 . zx/sf] hg;ª\Vof 5f]8]/ c5fdsf tL kfFr uflj;sf] ljb]z udg b/ -cf};t &)Ü_ df k|lt3/ Ps hgfsf] b/n] ef/t hfG5g\ eGg] dfGbf @% nfveGbf a9L ef/t hfg] u/]sf] b]lvG5 . kxf8df kl/jf/sf ;a} nf]Ug]dfG5] ef/t hfg]x¿ w]/} 5g\ . t/fO{sf] /}yfg] ;d'bfodf klg ef/t hfg] k|rng a9]sf] 5 . o; cfwf/df &) k|ltzt dgfl;a g} 7xl/G5 . h'g g]kfnsf] cfly{s ¿kn] ;lqmo hgzlQmsf] s/La Ps rf}yfO x'G5 . ef/t hfg] ;a}h;f] k'?if x'g] x'gfn] ;lqmo k'?if hg;ª\Vofsf] t of] ‰08} %) k|ltzt x'gk'U5 .

k9]n]v]sf kxf8L g]kfnLx¿nfO{ s/} gk/L ef/t hfg dg nfUb}g . pgLx¿nfO{ ef/tn] tfGg'eGbf klg kl/l:yltn] 7]n]/ ToxfF k'¥ofPsf] x'G5 . g]kfnsf ljz]if u/L klZrd / ;'b"/klZrdsf kxf8L lhNnfx¿df jif}{el/ vfg k'Ug] w]/} 5}gg\ . gubsf] ;|f]t t ‰g\ 5Fb}5}g . To;}n] nfvf}F g]kfnLx¿ ef/tsf ljleGg zx/–ahf/df >d a]r]/ cfˆgf] uhf]{ 6f5{g\ . s'g} ef/tLo e"–efu gxf]nf, hxfF g]kfnL sfdbf/ gk'u]sf xf]pg\ . yk cfsif{0f blntx¿nfO{ 5, hf] gofF 7fpFdf uP/ cfˆgf] kl/ro km]g{ / hftLotfsf] gfddf x'g] bdgaf6 d'Qm x'g ;S5g\ . cflv/ sfd h] u/] klg kms{Fbf afs; af]s]/ jf af]sfP/ 3/ kms{g' g} x'G5 nfx'/ hfg'sf] cy{ .

s] sfd u5{g\ <
rf}sLbf/LnfO{ ef/tdf g]kfnLx¿sf] hftLo / k/Dk/fut Joj;fo eg] x'G5 . dxf/fi6«sf x/]s ufpFdf ;'/Iffsf nflu Ps hgf …uf]vf{Ú /fVg] cf}krfl/s lg0f{o g} ePsf] atfpF5g\ d'DaO{l:yt …hli6; P08 kL; sld;gÚ sf /fh]z cNdf]8f . rf}sLbf/Ldf 3/ sfof{nox¿sf] /vjfnLsf cltl/Qm / 6f]ndf ePsf 3/x¿af6 :j]lR5s /sd p7fO{ /fte/ n7\7L 76fP/ -808f k]Ng]_ 6f]nsf] ;'/Iff ug]{ sfd klg k5{ .
cfhsn o'jfx¿ /]:6'/fFdf sfd u5{g\— efF8f df´g]b]lv vfgf ksfpg];Dd . lbNnL, o; j/k/sf If]q / cxdbfjfbsf k|foMh;f] /]:6'/fFdf g]kfnL af]n]/} vfgf c8{/ ug{ ;lsG5 . uf8L ghfg] uNnLx¿df ef/L af]s]/ ;fdfg k'¥ofOlbg] sfd g]kfnLx¿sf] csf]{ akf}tL k]zf xf] . s]xL g]kfnLx¿ cf}Bf]lus dhb'/sf ¿kdf klg sfd u5{g\ . dlGb/lt/ uP/ k"hfkf7sf] sfd ug]{x¿ klg pNn]Vo ;ª\Vofd} e]l6G5g\ . ef/tLo ;]gfdf sfd ug]{x¿ t 5'§} eP . k~hfa, l;dnf cflbdf cf}Bf]lus s[lif dhb'/sf ¿kdf sfd ug]{x¿sf] ;ª\Vof klg 7"nf] 5 . s[lif dhb'/Ldf rflxF kxf8sf dfq xf]Og, t/fO{sf g]kfnLx¿ klg plQs} 5g\ . pQ/–k"jL{ ef/tsf] Ps} If]qdf tLg nfv hlt g]kfnLx¿ sf]OnfvfgLdf sfd ul//x]sf] cg'dfg u5{g\ c?0ffrn k|b]zdf cWofkg ul//x]sf 6LaL ljZjsdf{ .

slt sdfpF5g\ <
ef/tdf sfd ug]{ g]kfnLx¿sf] ;ª\Vofkl5 cg'dfg ug{ sl7g ljifo xf] cfDbfgL . cw{;Ël7t rf}sLbf/Ldf dlxgfsf] ef? $–% xhf/ kfpF5g\, sxLF a:g] / vfg] ;'ljwf klg x'G5 . ;–;fgf Jofkfl/s lgsfox¿df dlxgfdf ef? &)) df sfd u/]sf] klg e]l6of] . /]:6'/]06sf] sfddf ef? !% ;ob]lv @ xhf/ sdfpg] u/]sf] kfOof] . …808f k]Ng]Ú sfddf hg;Dks{ ug]{ v"aL / eflifs Ifdtfsf cfwf/df ef? @ xhf/b]lv $ xhf/;Dd sdfO x'Fbf]/x]5 . ef/tLo ;dsIfL hlt g} sdfpg] k|fljlws bIftf ePsf dWod:t/Lo g]kfnL hgzlQm klg s]xL 5g\ . ef/tdf sfd ug]{ g]kfnLx¿sf] sfd / sdfOdf klg g]kfnsf] ;fdflhs ;+/rgfsf] 5fk :ki6 b]lvG5 . dflyNnf] hft / pRr ju{sfx¿ tNnf] hft / lgDg ju{sf JolQmx¿eGbf ;lhnf] sfd u5{g\ / w]/} sdfpF5g\ .

c5fdsf kfFr uf=lj=;=df ul/Psf] ;j]{If0fn] ef/tdf sfd ug]{ JolQmn] cf};t jflif{s g]? @* xhf/ *)) -dfl;s ?=@$ ;o_ NofPsf] b]vfPsf] lyof] . o;}nfO{ cfwf/ dfg]/ ef/tdf c;Ël7t If]qdf sfd ug]{ @% nfv g]kfnL >ldssf] jflif{s cfDbfgL u0fgf ug]{ xf] eg] ef/taf6 logn] jif]{lg &) ca{ eGbf a9L g]kfn leœofpF5g\ . dfgf}F, @% nfvdWo] !$ nfv g]kfnLn] dfq dfl;s ?= @$ ;osf] ;§f !$ ;o g]kfn k7fPsf] cj:yfdf klg slDtdf jflif{s ?= @# ca{ %@ s/f]8 g]kfn lelqG5 . t/, o;sf] 7"nf] c+z ef/td} lhG;Ldf kl/0ft x'g] / afFsL /sd klg Ps xb;Dd ef?d} sf/f]af/ x'g]x'Fbf g]kfnsf cf}krfl/s cfly{s ljj/0fx¿df of] ;a} ‰NsFb}g . w]/}h;f] /sd k|f0f wfGg g} vr{ x'g] x'gfn] ef]sd/L /f]Sg] / nfh 9fSg]afx]s pTkfbsTjsf b[li6n] cfly{s cy{ sd} 5 .

s] v"aL 5 <
ef/td} y'k|} a]/f]huf/ x'Fbfx'Fb} g]kfnLx¿n] olt 7"nf] ;ª\Vofdf ToxfF sfd kfpg' cgf}7} 5 . lzlIft g]kfnLx¿nfO{ b'M;fWo nfUg] sltko 7fpFdf ;d]t sfdsf] d]nf] klxNofP/ k'u]sf x'G5g\, cIf/ g} glrg]sf g]kfnLx¿ . Pp6f cfkmGt / ufpFn]n] csf]{nfO{ tfG5 . Ps k6s sfddf hld;s]sfx¿ ufpFaf6 o;/L dfG5] lnP/ ef/t hfG5g\Ù dfgf}F ToxfF krf{ h;/L hflu/ afFl8Psf] 5 .

rf}sLbf/Ldf lsg :yfgLox¿nfO{ g/fv]/ g]kfnLnfO{ /flvG5 eGg] ;DaGwdf u'h/ft ljsf; cWoog ;+:yfgsL k|fWoflksf cldtf zfx elG5g\, ælogLx¿ :yfgLo lu/f]xx¿;Fu ldNg] ;Defjgf sd x'G5 . 3l/3l/ 3/ hfFb}gg\ . cxf]/fq pknAw x'G5g\ . JolQmut dgd'6fj sd x'G5 . /, clwsf/sf] bfaL ug{ ;Ël7t x'Fb}gg\ . To;dfly nf]on / OdfGbf/ t 5Fb}5g\ .Æ u'h/ftsf c;ª\Vo cf}Bf]lus k|lti7fgdf g]kfnLx¿nfO{ d2t ub}{ cfPsf sfdbf/ :jf:Yo ;'/Iff d08nsf xf};nfk|;fb ld> rflxF 7f8f] efiffdf æ;:tf]df bNg kfOg] eP/ g} g]kfnLx¿nfO{ sfddf nufOg] u/]sf]Æ atfpF5g\ .

ef/ts} laxf/, k"jL{ pQ/k|b]z / pl8;fsf ckl7t a]/f]huf/x¿ g]kfnL >ldssf k|lt:kwL{ x'g\ . t/, pgLx¿sf klg cf–cfˆg} ljz]if v"aLx¿ 5g\ . laxf/Lx¿ ;fgf]–ltgf] Jofkf/, pQ/ k|b]zLx¿ cf}Bf]lus dhb'/L / pl8ofx¿ l;nfOa'gfO{ u5{g\ . g]kfnL dlxnfx¿ k|foM of}g Joj;fodf b]lvG5g\ eg] pl8of dlxnfx¿ of}g Jofkf/;Fu} 3/]n' sfddf klg e]l6G5g\ . g]kfnLk|lt ef/tLox¿ lsg ;lxi0f' b]lvG5g\ t eGg] k|Zgdf zfx elG5g\, æcsf{sf] 7fpFdf uP/ >ldsx¿ j}dgio /fVb}gg\ . To;dfly xfd|f] ;f+:s[lts ;dfgtf / wfld{s ;fdLKo dxŒjk"0f{ /x]sf] x'g;S5 .Æ

csf]{lt/, 8]9 s/f]8 afª\nfb]zLx¿ ef/tdf n'lsl5kL sfd u5{g\ . t/, pgLx¿ n'Sgsf nflu klg 3/leq sfd ug]{ ePsfn] ltgLx¿;Fu g]kfnL >ldsx¿n] Tolt k|lt:kwf{ ug'{kb}{g .

g]kfnLx¿ ef/tsf x/]s 7fpFdf k'u]s} 5g\ . g]kfnLx¿ pQ/k"jL{ /fHodf k"j{lt/sf, lbNnL, xl/of0ff, pQ/k|b]z, pQ/f~rn, lxdf~rn, k~hfa / u'h/ft;Dd :ofª\hf klZrdsf tyf snsQf, bfhL{lnª / l;lSsdlt/ bf]nvf, /fd]5fklt/sf dflg;x¿ a9L wfpF5g\ . blIf0f ef/tdf ;a}lt/sf k'Ug] eP klg klZrd kxf8s} a9L ePsf] atfpF5g\. To;sf dxf;lrj 9sfn . c5fdLx¿sf] Ps u9 d'DaO{ glhssf] sNof0f klg xf] . oxfF 8f]6L / b}n]vsf klg w]/} 5g\ . s0ff{nL, dgfª, d':tfªh:tf pRr kxf8L e]usf g]kfnLx¿ n'lwofgfaf6 ef/ts} dWok"jL{ efux¿df pgLsf sk8fsf] Jofkf/ u5{g\ . t/fO{sf lrtjgafx]s l;/fxfb]lv afFs];Ddsf ljkGg kl/jf/x¿ ef/tsf pGgt s[lif ePsf 7fpFx¿df cgfh /f]Kg]–leœofpg] sfd ug{ hfG5g\ . c5fdL / 8f]6]nLx¿ klg k~hfa / l;dnflt/ s[lif dhb'/ ePsf 5g\ . o'jfx¿ xf]6ndf klg sfd u5{g\ . bfª / a'6jnsf o'jfx¿ vfgf ksfpg] sfddf nfu]sf e]l6P .

d'Vo ;jfn s] x'g\ <
ef/tdf olt 7"nf] ;ª\Vofdf g]kfnLx¿ eP/ klg g]kfnsf] /fHo, gful/s ;dfh, ljåt\ju{, ljsf;] wGbfjfn sf]xL klg of] oyfy{k|lt ;r]t / ;+j]bgzLn b]lvFb}gg\ . cgy{sf k|;Ëdf ;d]t ef/tlj/f]wL gf/f nufpg]x¿n] ef/tdf /x]sf g]kfnLx¿af/] slxNo} ;f]Rg] u/]sf 5}gg\ . /fi6«jfbsf] gfddf s]xL g]kfnLx¿ cfnfk–ljnfk ug]{ u5{g\M g]kfnLnfO{ ljb]zL e"lddf kl;gf aufpg lbg'ePg eg]/ . t/, ljgf ljsNksf] To:tf] ljnf}gfsf] s'g} cy{ /xFb}g . pNn]vgLo ¿kdf hg;ª\Vof lgolGqt gu/L Tolt w]/}Ù To;dfly ‰08} lg/If/ ;d'bfonfO{ /f]huf/Lsf] Joj:yf ug{ ;'b"/ eljio;Dd klg sl7g x'g]5 . ef/tdf hfg] g]kfnLn] c¿ b]zdf sfd ug{ hfg] g]kfnLsf] t'ngfdf /lQe/ dxŒj kfPsf 5}gg\ . o:tf] x'g'df o;sf] juL{o kIf klg 5 . v]taf/L a]r]/ eP klg hfkfg, sf]l/of, dn]l;of jf vf8Llt/ k};f sdfpg hfg]x¿ …x'g]–vfg]Ú ju{s} x'G5g\, t/ ef/t hfg]x¿ 3'F8f 6fn]sf] ;'?jfn / sfFw kmf6]sf] sldh nufP/ Ps;/f] sk8f km]g{ / b'O{5fs 6fg{ hfG5g\ .

d'Vo ;d:of, ef/tdf uP/ sfd ug]{ g]kfnLx¿sf af/]df /fHosf] :ki6 b[li6sf]0f gx'g' xf] . ef/tl:yt g]kfnL /fhb"tfjf;;Fu o;af/] k|ltlqmof dfUbf æolt 7"nf] ;d:of 5, s;}n] s]xL ug{ ;Sb}gÆ eGg] ;lhnf] hjfkm kfOof] . tTsfn s]xL ug{ g;s] klg ef/t;Fusf] ;Ldf aGb x'g] cyjf c¿ g} sf/0fn] ax';ª\Vos g]kfnLx¿ ef/taf6 kms{g] l:ylt k}bf ePsf] cj:yfdf s] ug]{ eGg];Ddsf] ;f]rfO /fHo;Fu x'g' h?/L x'G5 .
ef/tdf y'k|} g]kfnLx¿ g]kfnLx¿af6} hf]lug vf]H5g\ 7lug] 8/n] . g]kfnL 7ux¿ cg]s ljËf nufP/ k};f km':sfpF5g\ . ulx/f] ;DaGw g/fvL g]kfnLx¿sf 8]/f;Dd k'Ug lgs} ;ª\3if{ ug'{k5{ . kz'kltgfysf] k"hf ug]{ eGg]b]lv dfcf]jfbL eGg];Ddsf kmsfOkm'NofOb]lv anhˆtL;Dd rGbf ;Íng ug]{ ;SsnL–gSsnL lu/f]xx¿ 5g\ . sfddf nufOlbG5' eg]/ k};f lng] / sfd nufP/ k};f glbg] g]kfnLx¿ klg y'k|} e]l6G5g\ . hfteftsf] s'/f dflnsnfO{ elglbG5' eg]/ zf]if0f ug]{x¿ klg 5g\ . …808f k]Ng]Ú 7]Ssf lnP/ 6f]nsf 6f]n lsga]r ug]{ bfbfx¿df g]kfnL klg 5g\ .

ef/tdf sfd ug]{ g]kfnLx¿nfO{ pQ/ ef/tdf g]kfnL af]n]/ k'5f/df …x}Ú hf]8] klg sfd rN5 eg] k~hfa, u'h/ft, dxf/fi6«, blIf0f / k"jf]{Q/ ef/t nufot cGt ;a}lt/ rsf]{ eflifs ;d:of 5 . x}b/fjfbsf] czf]s /]:6'/]06df sfo{/t bLks yfkf eG5g\, æc¿ w]/} k9\g g;s] klg cª\u|]hL k9]sf] eP sfd nfUg] /x]5 .Æ efiffsf sf/0fn] sltko ;lhnf / ;fdfGo dfux¿ klg g]kfnLx¿ /fVg ;Sb}gg\ .

g]kfndf x'nfs ;]jf /fd|f] gx'gfn] 3/df lr¶Lkq ug{ ;d:of 5 . a? 3/ hfg] dfG5]sf] xft k};f k7fpg ;d:of /x]g5, t/ af6f]df n'l6g] 8/n] w]/}n] csf{sf] k};f n}hfg dfGb}gg\ . k};f gsdfO{ 3/ gcfpg] / 3/ cfpg] vr{ klg arfpg g;Sg] ePsfn] w]/}sf] b'O{–rf/ jif{;Dd klg 3/kl/jf/;Fu ;Dks{ x'Fb}g . ;a}sf] kl/jf/;Fu plQs}} cg'/fu afFsL /xg ;S5 eGg] klg 5}g . y'k|} g]kfnLx¿ hfF8/S;L / h'jftf;sf] lzsf/ ePsf 5g\ . lsg < 3/kl/jf/ 5f]8]/ cfPsf] 5, hflu/ /fd|f] 5}g, ;a}n] x]Kg] sfd ug'{5, dgsf] s'/f kf]Vg] 7fpF 5}g . /ftsf] wGbf 5, lbgel/ ;'Tg] s'/f cfPg . clg vfn hD5 . ToxLF cj}w /S;Lsf] …;KnfOÚ klg x'G5 eGg] cf/f]k 5 pgLx¿dfly .

slxn]sfxLF kL8fsf] ljikmf]6g klg x'G5 . dlxgf}F k};f glbPkl5 rf]/]/ lxF8\g], 3fts k|xf/ ug]{ 36gf klg hf]l8g] u/]sf 5g\ g]kfnL sfdbf/x¿;Fu . ef/tLo klqsfdf s}of}F k6s x]8nfOg ;dfrf/ 5flkPsf 5g\M …g]kfnL g] dflnssf] df/fÚ, …g]kfnL gf]s/ rf]/L s/s] nfktfÚ cflb . OdfGbf/ :jefj / ;xgzLn 5ljnfO{ o:tf Ps–b'O{ 36gfn] st}st} w'ldn klg kf/]sf 5g\ . sltko 7fpFdf g]kfnLx¿ g} cfkm"nfO{ g]kfnL eg]/ lrgfpg rfxFb}gg\ . d'Da}, uf]/]ufFjl:yt ;]G6 kfo; sn]hsf uf8{ g/axfb'/ uf]vf{nfO{ ;fyLx¿n] lrG5g\, t}klg pgL cfkm"nfO{ g]kfnL x'F eGb}gg\ . ækmfb/sL d]x/jfgL ;] logsf] o] gf}s/L ldnL, n]lsg gfdfn"d ox Sof]F g]kfnL sxt] xL u':;] d] cftf x},Æ pgsf d/f7L ;xsdL{ eG5g\ . ef/tLo cleg]qL efUo>Lsf] 3/af6 g]kfnLn] rf]/L u/]sf] va/ d'DaO{df olt km}lnof] ls dxf/fi6« k'ln;n] …g]kfnLx¿nfO{ sfddf gnufpg"Ú eGg] ;"rgf g} hf/L u¥of] . ljleGg 7fpFdf kqfrf/ u/L ;f] ;"rgf aGb ug{ nufPsf] atfpF5g\ ;+o'Qm g]kfnL dxf;+3sf pkfWoIf gf/fo0f uf]tfd] .

a]/f]huf/L a9]/ xf] jf k|of]u ug{ ;lhnf] eP/Ù dflkmofx¿sf y'k|} cj}w wGbf;Fu g]kfnLx¿sf] gfd hf]l8g yfn]sf] 5 . g]kfndf blnt / sd}of d'lQmdf ;fy lbPsf ;Qf?9 dxf/fi6« sfª\u|];sf] ;fdflhs Gofo ljefusf cWoIf ljj]s kl08t eG5g\, æd]/f] g]kfnLx¿sf ;d:of;Fu k"/f ;xfg'e"lt 5 / d ;Sg] hlt d2t ug{ tof/ 5' . t/, c08/jN8{;Fu ;DaGw hf]l8Psf l/kf]6{x¿ cfpg yfn]sfn] ca g]kfnLsf lbgx¿ ef/tdf ‰g\ sl7g x'g] b]Vb5' .Æ

æwGwf eL t'Dxf/f, u|fxs eL t'Dxf/f,Æ ef/tdf /x]sf g]kfnL j]Zofsf u|fxsx¿df g]kfnL klg /x]sf s'/f a'´g …/]8nfO6Ú If]q -kmsNof08 l:6«6_ df cWoog 6f]nL hfFbf r9]sf] 6\ofS;Lsf ef/tLo 8«fOe/n] Joª\Uo ub}{ eg] . g]kfnL >ldssf ar]v'r]sf s]xL k};f oxfF klg pkof]u x'G5 .

ef/tdf sfd ug]{ nfvf}F g]kfnLx¿sf af/]df >L % sf] ;/sf/ / c¿x¿n] ;f]Rg'kg]{ d'Vo s'/f] o;nfO{ s;/L Joj:yfkg ug]{ eGg] xf] . g]kfnLx¿sf] kL8f lgd"{n ug{ g;lsP klg s;/L 36fpg ;lsG5 eGg]tkm{ Wofg hfg l9nf] eO;s]sf] 5 . clxn] / ef]lnsf lbgdf ;d]t ef/t, g]kfnLx¿sf nflu ;d:of dfq geP/ cj;/ klg xf] . ef/tdf cfwfl/t /f]huf/Lsf] Jofjxfl/s ljsNk g/x]sf] cj:yfdf ef/t hfg] sfdnfO{ gsf/fTds ¿kdf JofVof ug'{ g]kfnsf] e"–/fhgLlts oyfy{ ga'‰]sf] ;Í]t xf] . a? /0fgLlts ¿kdf ;f]Rg yflng' k5{Ù ef/tdf /x]sf Tolt w]/} g]kfnLx¿ ToxLF ;Ël7t / ;r]t eP eg] xfd|f] /fli6«o x}l;otdf gsf/fTds / ;sf/fTdsdWo] s:tf] c;/ a9L knf{ <

cj;/ k|z:t} 5g\
g]kfnn] ef/tdf t'ngfTds kmfObfsf cj;/x¿ x]/]/ sfd ug{ hfg]x¿nfO{ To:tf If]qtkm{ k|f]T;flxt ug'{kg]{ vfFrf] 5 . g]kfnLx¿sf] ldhfl;nf]kg / ;]jf lbg;Sg] v"aL ef/tLox¿sf] eGbf a9L ePsf]n] ;]jf Joj;fodf ef/tLox¿nfO{ dfy ug{ ;S5g\ . xf]6n / /]:6'/]06df sfd ug]{ c;ª\Vo g]kfnL o'jfx¿n] o;;DaGwL 5f]6} tflnd kfP eg] ltgn] ;lhn};Fu ;o–b'O{ ;o a9L sdfpF5g\ .

/]:6'/]06 / To;df klg s"ssf] sfddf g]kfnLn] Psbd} /fd|f] k|ult ug{ ;S5g\ . xhf/f}F o'jfx¿ rfps/L -ef/tLo lha|f] ;'xfpFbf] cfˆg} k|sf/sf] rfprfpsf] kl/sf/_ agfP/ cfkm"nfO{ ef/tsf 7"nf zx/df ;d]t :yflkt ul//x]5g\ . lrlgofF kl/sf/ agfpg] tflnd st} gkfPsf oL o'jfx¿ efF8f df´g]df egf{ eP/ t/sf/L sf6\b}, d;nf lk:b} s"s ePsf x'g\ . cxdbfjfb, c6L/f /f]8sf !# j6f km"8jfugsf] ;j]{If0f ubf{ cfwf s"s / sfdbf/ g]kfnL e]l6P . tLdWo] …d]gNof08 rfOgf km"8jfugÚ df dfl;s ef? &)) df sfd z'? u/]sf Ps g]kfnL clxn] …l;lgo/ s"sÚ eP/ ef? &))) kfpF5g\ . xftdf ksfpg] ;Lk ePsf g]kfnLnfO{ ;Ldf aGb geP;Dd ef/tdf /f]huf/L kfpg s'g} s'/fn] 5]Sb}g, pgsf] ljrf/ lyof] . b]zdf clnslt tflnd / k|f]T;fxg kfpg] xf] eg] yk lrlgofF kl/sf/ lnP/ xhf/f}F g]kfnL s"sx¿ ef/t l5g{ ;S5g\ . dËf]lnog cfs[lt / njh ePsf g]kfnLx¿n] lrlgofF efiff l;sfpg] sfd ;d]t z'? ug{ ;Snfg\ .
;'/Iff uf8{sf] k]zfnfO{ klg Jofj;flosLs/0f u/]/ nfg] ;Defjgf kof{Kt 5 . ca cIf/ glrgL jf cª\u|]hL efiff af]Ng ghfgL sfd kfpg ufx|f] 5 . of] s'/fdf g]kfnLx¿ cl3 a9] eg] ltgn] ef/tLo >d ahf/df k|lt:kwf{ ug{ ;S5g\ . cfTd/Iffsf nflu ;d]t pko'Qm x'g] s'ª\km"÷s/fFt] h:tf dfz{n cf6{x¿ l;Sbf ltgsf] of]Uotf / dfu c¿ a9\5 . :s"n kf; ug{ ;lsgF eg]/ lg/f; ePsf nfvf}F o'jfx¿nfO{ s"s / dfz{n cf6{ l;sfOlbFbf s] lau|G5 / Û xf] o:tf tflnd lbg] ;+:yfx¿ eg] s'gfs'gfdf vf]lng' k5{ . ef/tdf k'?ifn] dfq ug]{ / ToxfFsf dlxnfn] k|foM gug]{ j]6/ h:tf sfddf g]kfnL dlxnfx¿n] xft xfNbf gofF cj;/x¿ l;h{gf x'g ;S5g\ .

dn]l;of / hfkfg klg x'g;S5
k|fljlws / ljlzi6Ls[t 1fg ePdf ef/tdf t]>f] d'n'ss} h:tf] sdfO ug]{ cj;/x¿ klg 5g\ . n]vk9 ug{ ;Sg] o'jfx¿n] ;fg} nufgLdf dxŒjk"0f{ sdfO ug{ ;S5g\ . t]>f] d'n's hfgnfO{ h:tf] eL;f / k};fsf] 606f x'Fb}g . ef/tdf w]/} g]kfnLsf cfkmGt / lrghfgsf dflg;x¿ 5g\ . lxGbL;Fu} cª\u|]hLsf] 1fg x'g] xf] eg] dxŒjfsf+IfL g]kfnL o'jfx¿sf nflu ef/t g} dn]l;of / hfkfg ;flat x'g;S5 . sf:sL, j]ugf;sf /lj zdf{ kfFr jif{cufl8 sfdsf] vf]hLdf d'DaO{ k'u] . Pp6f k]G6/nfO{ ;f]w]Ù rflxPsf] /x]5 / ef]lnkN6}b]lv sfddf nfu] . sDKo'6/sf] ;xof]un] l8hfOg ug{ l;kfn' clwsf/L clxn] dlxgfsf] ef? #) xhf/eGbf a9L sdfpF5g\ . ef/tLo rnlrqsf lgdf{tf aGg ;kmn cf]dgfy zdf{ eG5g\, æd]xgt ug]{x¿sf nflu cj;/x¿sf] vfgL xf] ef/t Û sfdsf cufl8 oxfF hft, wd{, d"n s]xL cfpFb}g .Æ

s'g}a]nf c;Ël7t /xg' g]kfnLx¿sf] ef/tdf l6Sg] /0fgLlt lyof] xf]nf . ca To;nfO{ k'glj{rf/ ug'{ h?/L x'g;S5 . kNnf] 3/df sfd ug]{ g]kfnLnfO{ jNnf] 3/df a:g] g]kfnLn] glrGg] kl/l:ylt 5 clxn] . g]kfndf dx;"; ul/g]eGbf w]/} g]kfnL ;Ë7gx¿ ef/tdf e]l6P klg w]/}h;f] g]kfnd} h:tf] kf6L{–nfOgdf w|'jLs/0f ePsf 5g\ . o:tf ;Ë7gn] k};f ;lhnf];Fu 3/ k7fpg], /S;L, h"jftf; / of}g/f]uaf6 arfpg]h:tf s'/fdf dxŒj lbP/ ;f]Rg'kg]{ b]lvG5 . ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmdx¿ lgoldt ¿kdf x'g] xf] eg] y'k|} sfdbf/ g]kfnLx¿ h"jftf; / /S;Lsf] s'ntaf6 aRg ;S5g\ . t/, g]kfnL ;+:yfx¿n] ef/tdf /x]sf s'n g]kfnL sfdbf/x¿dWo] kfFr–;ft k|ltzt;DdnfO{ dfq ;d]6]sf] lbNnLl:yt Pdfn] sfo{stf{ bLks e§ atfpF5g\ . ;Ël7t ug]{ klg 7"n} sfd afFsL 5 .

g]kfnsf u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿n] klg ef/tdf /x]sf g]kfnL >ldsx¿;Fu sfd ug{ ;S5g\ . …t/ of] sfd ef/tdf eO/x]sf ;Ë7gx¿;Fu ldn]/ ug'{ kb{5Ú– g]kfnsf u};;x¿;Fu sfd ul//x]sf ef/tl:yt g]kfnL ;+3;+:yfx¿sf] u'gf;f] 5 . dfOtL g]kfnnfO{ nIo ub}{ ;+o'Qm g]kfnL dxf;+3sf tf/fk|;fb zdf{ eG5g\, æpgLx¿ xfd|f] sfd b]vfP/ 8n/ vfO/x]5g\ / o;/L xfd|f] sfd rf]g]{x¿ ef/tsf u};;x¿ klg 5g\ .Æ clxn];Dd s]xL u};;n] ef/tdf uP/ sfd ug]{ If]q b]xJofkf/ dfq ePsf] 5 . An":6f/ js{;{\ o'lgogsf dxf;lrj Pg jf;'b]jg\n] /fhgLlts kf6L{sf ;Ë7gx¿sf] k|z+;f ub}{ eg], æpgLx¿n] ;of}F u};;n] eGbf w]/} / /fd|f] sfd u/]sf 5g\ .Æ s]xL ef/tLo ;dfh;]jL ;+:yfx¿ klg g]kfnL >ldsx¿sf dfldnfdf g]kfnL ;+:yfx¿;Fu ldn]/ sfd ug{ OR5's 5g\ . t/, s]xL ;dokl5 g]kfnL / ef/tLo ;+:yfx¿sf b[li6sf]0f km/s x'g ;S5g\ . Tolta]nf g]kfnL /fhgLlts kf6L{sf ;Ë7gx¿ g} g]kfnLsf] lxt ;+/If0f ug]{ ;+:yfx¿ x'g]5g\ .

g]kfnn] /fli6«o:t/d} ef/tLo ahf/df cfjZos hgzlQm pTkfbg ug{ k|f]T;flxt ug'{ kb{5 / s"6gLlts ¿kdf klg g]kfnLx¿sf] clwsf/ /Iffsf] kxn ul//xg' kb{5 . d'Vo ¿kdf hgdt agfpg] g]kfnL hgdfg;n] ef/tk|lt km/s b[li6 /fVg'k5{ . …tFnfO{ wf]tLÚ eg]/ t/sf/L nfb]/ u'8fO/fv]sf] ;fOsndf nfQL xfGg]x¿n] ef/tdf xfd|f bfh'efOnfO{ s;}n] To;f] u/] eg]] s:tf] nfU5, Tof] ;D‰g'kg]{ b]lvG5 . ef/tsf d'Vo zx/x¿df g]kfnL AofÍx¿sf zfvf vf]Ng' /fHosf] / g]kfnL >ldsx¿nfO{ Aoflͪ lzIff lbg' ;fdflhs If]qsf] lhDd]jf/L xf] . o'jfx¿nfO{ Od]nsf] pkof]u ug{ l;sfP/ kl/jf/;Fusf] ;Dks{ ;'wf/ ug{ ;lsG5 . k9]n]v]sfx¿n] cj;/sf] pkof]u ug]{ t cfˆg} s'/f /Xof] .

-n]vsx¿ jftfj/0fLo s[lif tyf ljsf; s]Gb| -l;sfp_ ;Fu cfa4 x'g'x'G5 ._