;sf/fTds ;Í]t, lzlyn cj:yf

nfdf] ;dob]lv lzlyn / lubf]{ cj:yfdf /x]sf] cy{tGqsf s]xL If]qn] o'4lj/fd nuQ} ult lnPsf] eP klg ;du| cy{tGq v:sg] qmd /f]lsPsf] 5}g . cy{ljb\x¿sf] egfOdf zflGt;'/Iff sfod} /x]sf] cj:yfdf klg of] qmd hf/L g} /xG5 / bzf}F of]hgf kl5 dfq} /fd|/L plS;g ;S5 .

ls/0f g]kfn

o'4lj/fdkl5 k"FhL ahf/ -g]K;] O08]S;_ df s]xL ;'wf/ cfPsf] 5 . ko{6sx¿sf] cfudg / xf]6nx¿df …cs'k]G;LÚ b/ a9]sf] 5 . j;GtsfnLg p8fgsf &)–*) k|ltzt l6s6 a"s eO;s] . g]kfn OGe]i6d]06 AofÍn] u|fxsx¿nfO{ kmfObf x'g] u/L b}lgs u0fgfdf Jofh lbg yfn]sf] 5 . qm]l86 8]enkd]06 AofÍn] Jofh j[l4 u/]/ ^ k|ltzt k'¥ofPsf] 5 . ef/tn] g]kfnaf6 x'g] £o" lgof{tsf] sf]6f cjlw Ps dlxgf a9fPsf] 5 . nfdf] ;dokl5 s'g} bftf -gj]{_ n] hnljB't\ cfof]hgfdf nufgL ug]{ tTk/tf b]vfPsf] 5 .

cGo bft[;+:yfx¿n] klg Wj:t ef}lts ;+/rgfx¿sf] k'glg{df{0f, rfn' sfo{qmdx¿sf] zL3| sfof{Gjog / l56f] kl/jt{g dx;"; u/fpg] sfo{qmdx¿df ;xof]u ug]{ rf;f] b]vfpFb} ;/sf/;Fu …tTsfn ug'{kg]{Ú sfo{qmdx¿sf] Kofs]h dfu]sf 5g\ . /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]usf pkfWoIf 8f= zÍ/ zdf{sf] ;lqmotfdf bftfx¿sf] rfxgf cg'?ksf of]hgfx¿;lxtsf] Kofs]h sfo{qmd lgdf{0f eO/x]sf] a'l‰Psf] 5 . cy{;lrj efg'k|;fb cfrfo{sf cg';f/, dfcf]jfbL lx+;fTds cfGbf]ngsf] qmddf Wj:t ;+/rgfsf] k'glg{df{0fsf] ;"rL ;Da4 dGqfnox¿dfkm{t\ tof/ eO/x]sf] 5 .

cy{dGqfnosf] Ps pRr;|f]tsf cg';f/ a]nfot, ef/t, gj]{, 8]gdfs{, cd]l/sf, hfkfg, ljZj AofÍ, Pl;ofnL ljsf; AofÍ cflb bft[/fi6« / ;+:yfx¿;Fu pgLx¿n] ug]{ ;xof]usf nflu tLg r/0fdf jftf{ eO;s]sf] 5 . ef/tn] Ps bh{g hlt lhNnfdf c:ktfn / kf]ln6]lSgs :s"n lgdf{0f, gj]{n] hnljB't\, 8]gdfs{n] ;~rf/, cd]l/sfn] /Iff cflb If]qdf ;xof]u ug]{ OR5f b]vfPsf 5g\ . hfkfg / a]nfotn] PseGbf a9L If]qdf ;xof]u ug]{ tyf ljZj AofÍ / PlzofnL ljsf; AofÍn] ‰08} ?=!) ca{ a/fa/sf] …ah]6/L ;kf]6{Ú ug]{ cfZjf;g lbPsf] ;|f]t atfpF5 . cy{;lrj cfrfo{ eG5g\, æk};fsf] cefj 5}g, sdL 5 k|efjsf/L pkof]usf] .Æ

bftfx¿sf] ;bf;otf / nufgLsf] cfZjf;g, AofÍsf] Aofh ljt/0f k|lqmof / Jofhb/ j[l4, ef/tsf] cfZro{hgs nrstf, ko{6g / g]K;] kl/;"rsdf ;'wf/ cflbn] g]kfnsf] cy{tGqdf …s]xL x'g nfu]sf]Ú ;Í]t lbG5g\ . t/, cy{ljb\ / pBf]uJoj;foLx¿ eg] tTsfn} To:tf] ;Defjgf b]Vb}gg\ . cy{tGqsf] b'/j:yfsf] lhDd]jf/ dfcf]jfbL lx+;f dfq geO{ ljutsf cfly{s gLltlgod / Jojxf/ klg ePsf] :ki6 ub}{ cy{ljb\ 8f= ljZjDe/ Kofs'¥ofn eG5g\, æcy{tGqdf tTsfn s]xL x'g] ;Defjgf 5}g .Æ pBf]uklt /fh]Gb| v]tfg klg g]K;] / ko{6gdf ;'?cftsfnLg ;'wf/afx]s c¿ s'g} ;sf/fTds ;Í]t tTsfn gb]lvPsf]n] x|f; x'Fb} uPsf] cy{tGqnfO{ /f]Sg] s'g} 5]sjf/ algg;s]sf] atfpF5g\ . s]xL AofÍx¿sf] kl/jlt{t JofhgLltn] ahf/df s'g} c;/ gul/;s]sf] atfpFb} pgL eG5g\, æo'4lj/fd / zflGtjftf{sf] s'/f]df /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿sf] pT;fxhgs k|ltlqmof gePsf]n] ahf/df s'g} km]/abn cfpg ;s]sf] 5}g . l:ylt c‰} klg kvf}{F / x]/f}Fsf] dfgl;stfdf 5 .Æ

g]kfnL cy{tGq Wj:t x'g'df dfcf]jfbL lx+;f hlt g} lhDd]jf/ ljutsf ;/sf/L gLlt / cGt/f{li6«o 36gfqmdx¿ klg 5g\ . dfcf]jfbL cfGbf]ng z'? ePsf] lgSs} kl5, cfly{s jif{ @)%*÷%( df dfq, d'n'ssf k|d'v cfly{s kl/;"rsx¿ gsf/fTds ePsf x'g\ . cy{ljb\ 8f= Kofs'¥ofn jt{dfg cfly{s ultxLgtfsf] ljZn]if0f cfly{s kl/;"rsx¿ gsf/fTds x'g'cufl8sf] ;do, gsf/fTds ePb]lv o'4lj/fd 3f]if0ff geP;Ddsf] ;do / o'4lj/fdkl5sf] ;do u/L tLg lsl;daf6 ug'{kg]{ cfjZostf cf}FNofpFb} eG5g\, æ/fhgLlts l:y/tf sfod /lx/Xof] eg] of] ljZn]if0f eljiosf nflu nfebfos x'g;S5 .Æ

8f= Kofs'¥ofn oL tLgdWo] klxnf] cj:yfsf] cfly{s ultxLgtfsf] k|d'v lhDd]jf/ ;+;bnfO{ dfG5g\ eg] bf];|f] / t];|f] cj:yfsf nflu dfcf]jfbL lx+;f / jt{dfg ;/sf/sf] c;IfdtfnfO{ . ;+;baf6 kfl/t s'g} klg gLltlgodx¿ cfly{s j[l4 / nufgLsf nflu ldqjt\ x'g g;s]sf] sf/0f Tolta]nf j}b]lzs ;xof]u a9] klg pTkfbsTj lgSs} Go"g /Xof] . ;/sf/n] nufgLsf] lglZrt p2]Zo ls6fg ug{ g;s]sf]n] cGwfw'Gw 9Ën] ePsf] lghL nufgLn] klg cy{tGqdf vf;} k|efj kfg{ ;s]g, h;sf] kl5Nnf] pbfx/0fsf] ¿kdf ;g\ !((^ df ef/t;Fu ePsf] Jofkf/ ;lGwkl5 nufgL ePsf lhÍ cS;fO8, jg:klt £o", tfdfsf] tf/ nufotsf j:t' pTkfbgdf ul/Psf] nufgL kfFr jif{ gk'Ub} kmnbfoL x'g 5f]8]sf]nfO{ lng ;lsG5 . lzIffdf ePsf] nufgLn] ;fj{hlgs / lghL ljBfnosf] b'/L a9fof] eg] :jf:Yodf ePsf] nufgL zx/df ;Lldt eof] .

g]kfnsf] cy{tGqdf k|efj kfg]{ e"ldsf ePsf] ef/tdf oltv]/ d'b|f:kmLlt cSsfl;P/ % k|ltzt gf3]sf] 5 . ef/tLo l/hj{ AofÍn] u/]sf] $ k|ltztsf] cg'dfgeGbf lgSs} a9L %=)$ k|ltztn] d'b|f:kmLlt a9]sf] 5 ToxfF . Ps jif{cl3;Dd !=@ k|ltzt /x]sf] ef/tLo d'b|f:kmLlt cSsfl;g'df ToxfFsf] yf]s d"No;"rLdf &) k|ltzt of]ubfg /x]sf] sRrf skf; / s[lif pks/0f, l;d]06, ljB'tLo ;fdfg, 6fo/ 6\o'a, PdPd jfo/, :6Ln zL6, k]6«f]lnod kbfy{, cf}iflw, cf}Bf]lus /;fog cflb pTkfbgzLn ;fdu|Ldf cTolws d"No a9\g' /x]sf] 5 . ef/tdf a9]sf] d'b|f:kmLlt g]kfnsf] nflu lrGtfhgs ePsf] atfpFb} 8f= Kofs'¥ofn eG5g\, æTo;} t g]kfn / ef/taLrsf] Jofkf/ 3f6f a9\b} 5, To;dfly ca ef/taf6 lelqg] j:t';Fu} d'b|f:kmLlt klg cfoft ul//x]sf x'g]5f}F .Æ d'b|f:kmLltn]] Jofhb/df c¿ s6f}tL ug]{5 .

lg/fzfhgs dWofjlw d"NofÍg
cy{ dGqfnon] xfn} k|sflzt u/]sf] rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] ah]6sf] dWofjlw d"NofÍg cg';f/ klxnf] ^ dlxgfsf k|d'v cfly{s kl/;"rsx¿ gsf/fTds 5g\ . ;/sf/L vr{, /fli6«o pTkfbg, j}b]lzs Jofkf/, /fh:j kl/rfng, afXo ;xfotf, df}lb|s l:ylt, cflb ;a}h;f] cfly{s kf6fx¿ lubf]{ cj:yfdf 5g\ . ;/sf/n] ?=#* ca{sf] jflif{s ljsf; nIodWo] k'; d;fGt;Dddf cfˆgf] tkm{af6 @ ca{ !( s/f]8 / bftfx¿af6 $ ca{ (# s/f]8 u/L ?=& ca{ !@ s/f]8 dfq} vr{ ug{ ;s]sf] 5 . dWofjlw d"NofÍgdf of] jif{sf] ljsf; vr{ ?=#) ca{ !) s/f]8 dfq} x'g] ;+zf]lwt cg'dfg 5 .

To:t}, ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf !$=)$ k|ltztn] a9]sf] ;fwf/0f vr{ k'; d;fGt;Dddf ?=@$ ca{ %( s/f]8 k'lu;s]sf] 5 . cy{ dGqfnosf] dWofjlw d"NofÍgdf elgPsf] 5, æsd{rf/L cjsf; vr{df ljlgof]lht /sddf gk'u x'g] ?=! ca{ $) s/f]8 tyf zflGt;'/Iffdf x'g] vr{sf cfwf/df of] jif{ ;fwf/0ftkm{ ljlgof]lht ?=%& ca{ $$ s/f]8s} xf/fxf/Ldf vr{ x'g]5 .Æ ;'/Iff lgsfo tyf ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgx¿n] k6s–k6s u}/ah]6 /sdsf] dfu ub}{ cfPsf] atfpFb} cy{dGqfnosf] Ps pRr;"q eG5, æo;nfO{ lg?T;flxt ug{ xfdLn] u}/ah]6 vr{ dfUg] / lbg] k|j[lQnfO{ /f]Sg'kg]{ s'/f dWofjlw d"NofÍgd} pNn]v u/]sf 5f}F . o'4lj/fd cl3;Dddf cfkm"nfO{ ljlgof]hg u/]sf] eGbf ;]gfn] ?=@ ca{ $# s/f]8 / ;/sf/L ;+:yfgx¿n] ‰G8} ?=! ca{ a9L dflu;s]sf] a'l‰Psf] 5 .

;fwf/0f vr{ wfGg] Psdfq ;|f]t cfGtl/s /fh:j kl/rfngsf] cj:yf klg bogLo g} 5 . k'; d;fGt;Ddsf] /fh:j j[l4b/ nIfeGbf ‰08} ^ k|ltztn] sd 5 . of] jif{ ?=%& ca{ !% s/f]8 /fh:j ;Íng ug]{ elgPsf]df of] cjlwdf ?=@# ca{ $@ s/f]8 dfq} hDdf ePsf] 5 . dWofjlw d"NofÍgdf o;sf] nIonfO{ klg ;+zf]wg u/]/ ?=%# ca{ ^) s/f]8df ‰fl/Psf] 5 . vr{ wfGg] csf]{ k|d'v ;|f]t j}b]lzs ;xfotf klg lgSs} 36]sf] 5 . ah]6n] cg'bfgtkm{ ?=!$ ca{ !@ s/f]8 / C0f tkm{ !^ ca{ $@ s/f]8 u/L ?=#) ca{ %$ s/f]8sf] nIo lnP klg k'; d;fGt;Dddf ?=$ ca{ (% s/f]8 -!*=#% k|ltzt_ dfq} k|fKt ePsf] 5 . dWofjlw d"NofÍgn] j}b]lzs ;xfotf ;d]t jif{e/ ?=@) ca{ $( s/f]8 x'g] ;+zf]lwt cg'dfg u/]sf] 5 . ut jif{ )=^# k|ltztn] C0ffTds /x]sf] / of] jif{ $=# k|ltztn] a9fpg] nIo /flvPsf] cfly{s j[l4b/ klg ;f9] b'O{ k|ltztn] dfq x'g] ;+zf]lwt cg'dfg 5 .

bzf}F of]hgfsf] z'?s} jif{, cf=j= @)%*÷%( df b]lvPsf] cfly{s lzlyntfn] o; cfjlws of]hgfsf nIox¿dfly klg k|ZglrXg v8f u/]sf] 5 . cy{tGqsf] d'xf/ dflgg] k|d'v ;"rsx¿ nufgL, /fli6«o art / /fh:j tLgj6} gsf/fTds ePaf6 bzf}F of]hgf pknlAwd"ns gx'g] wf/0ff cy{ljb\x¿sf] 5 . pgLx¿sf] egfOdf nufgL, jrt / /fh:j ;a} kIfaf6 g]kfnsf] cy{tGq kfFr jif{ c‰} lzlyn /xg]5 . 8f= Kofs'¥ofn eG5g\, æbzf}F of]hgf cjlwel/ g]kfnsf] cy{tGqdf gf6sLo kl/jt{g cfP/ pFef] nfUg] s'g} ;Í]t b]lvPsf] 5}g .Æ ut jif{ nlIft s'n ufx{:Yo pTkfbgdf @%=* k|ltztsf] nufgL @#=^ k|ltzt dfq} eof] . Ps k|ltzt nufgL a9fpg' eg]sf] ‰08} ;f9] rf/ ca{ ?k}ofFsf] nufgL ylkg' xf] . bzf}F of]hgfdf cf};t jflif{s @(=! k|ltzt nufgL x'g] nIo /flvPsf] 5 . o:tf] cj:yfn] bzf}F of]hgfsf x/]s nIox¿nfO{ …l/–Oli6d]6Ú ug'{kg]{ x'g;S5 .

zflGt;'/Ifftkm{ clxn]s} cj:yf sfod /Xof] eg] klg cfj @)^)÷^! sf] cfly{s j[l4b/ Hofb} x|f;f]Gd'v / bogLo x'g] tyf k|d'v cfly{s kl/;"rsx¿ )^!÷^@ df uP/ dfq} gsf/fTds x'g /f]lsg] ;+efjgf cy{ljb\x¿ b]V5g\ . o; lx;fan] oxL cfjlws of]hgfb]lv nfu' ePsf] dWosfnLg vr{ ;+/rgfsf] dxŒjk"0f{ tLg jif{ )%(÷^) b]lv ^!÷^@ ;Ddsf] ;do pTkfbg/lxt jif{sf] ¿kdf /xg] k|an ;Defjgf 5 . 8f= Kofs'¥ofn eG5g\, æo; cfjlws of]hgfsf] clGtd b'O{ jif{df uP/ dfq} cy{tGqsf] jf:tljstf yfxf kfOG5 / cy{tGqsf cfwf/e"t s'/fnfO{ 7Ls 7fpFdf Nofpg ;lsG5 .Æ

cy{ljb\x¿n] eg] ‰}F kfFr jif{kl5 dfq} cy{tGq pS;g] eP klg o;sf] tof/L eg] clxNo} z'? ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . clxn] klg yf]/} dfq d2t k'¥ofPsf] v08df k"jf{wf/, Aoflͪ, aLdf, s[lif k|zf]wg nufotsf s]xL pBf]ux¿n] t'?Gt} k"FhL pkof]u ug{ ;S5g\ . 8f= Kofs'¥ofn eG5g\, æZj]tkq hf/L ug]{ jf cfjZos k/]df …Knfg xf]ln8]Ú -ljgf cfjlws of]hgf_ af6 klg cy{tGqnfO{ cufl8 nUg ;lsG5 t/ Tof] ug{nfO{ clxn]sf] ;/sf/ 5÷;/sf/ 5}g sf] l:yltaf6 eg] cufl8 hfg' k5{ .Æ