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;Qf;Lg sfª\u|]; / ;Qfsf] lgs6 bfj]bf/ Pdfn]sf g]tfx¿sf] sNkgfxLgtf / sf7df8f}Fl:yt …Pln6Ú Pj+ cfkm"nfO{ a'l4hLjL sxnfpg] ju{sf] u}/lhDd]jf/Lsf] klg kmfObf p7fP/ dfcf]jfbLx¿n] cfkm"nfO{ /fi6«JofkL zlQm ;fljt ub}{ nu]sf 5g\ . ca t la;{g vf]Hbf klg dfcf]jfbL x/fpg] 5}gg\ eGg] ;a}nfO{ kSsf eO;Sof] . /fi6«sf] o:tf] l:yltnfO{ dgg u/]/ dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|Lo g]tf / ;a}lt/sf sdf08/ Pj+ sld;f/n] uDeL/tfk"j{s lrGtg ug]{ a]nf cfPsf] 5— olt 6f9f cfO;s]kl5 ca stf nfUg] < o'4 d}bfgdf k|fKt ljhonfO{ …Sof;Ú ul/xfNg] ls k|hftflGqs ax'bnLo Joj:yfnfO{ c‰} 8udu kf/]/ jt{dfg ;+ljwfgeGbf aflx/sf] /fli6«o lgisif{ NofO5f8\g] < dnfO{ t nfU5, sf6df/ clt eO;Sof] Û b]zsf eL/kfvf / hËndf g]kfnLx¿sf] c‰ a9L /ut aUg'cl3 g} sd/]8 k|r08, afa'/fd e§/fO{ / kf]ln6\Ao"/f]sf ;b:on] o'4lj/fd ug{ / /fHo–;+:yfkg;Fu jftf{ yfNg l9nf eO;Sof] . dfgjLo sf/0f afx]s /0fgLltsf] lx;fan] klg dfcf]jfbL g]tf / sfo{stf{n] v'nf /fhgLlttkm{ nfUg' kg]{ b]lvG5 . /fi6«nfO{ xfFSg rfxg] g]tf / k5fl8 plePsf …¥ofÍ P08 kmfOnÚ n] kSs} a'‰]sf] x'g'k5{— b]zsf] e"/fhg}lts cj:yfn] ubf{ e"ldut lqmofsnfk a9fpFb} hfFbf cfOkg{ ;Sg] b"/ufdL r'gf}tL -vf;u/L ef/tsf] ;DefJo k|lts"n k|ltlqmof / rLgsf] :ki6 pbf;Lgtfn] ubf{_, / cGt/f{li6«o tj/df xfn;Dd dfcf]jfbL of÷/ sDo'lg:6 ;/sf/n] st} ;kmntf gsdfPsf] of cfkm}F kl/jlt{t ePsf] oyfy{sf] k[i7e"lddf -rLg t ahf/Joj:yfd'vL sDo'lg:6 /fi6« eO;Sof], pQ/ sf]l/ofdf t cg'Tkfbgn] clgsfn g} NofPsf] 5_ Hofb} l56f] / cgk]lIft lx;fan] bzf}F lhNnfdf cfˆgf] ks8 hdfO;s]sf] t/ clxn] pQ]lht cj:yfdf e8\lsg–e8\lsg nfu]sf] e"ldut g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] ca cfˆgf] uGtJo / zlQmsf] ;xL klxrfg u/L To;nfO{ b]zsf ljkGg hgtfsf] k|of]udf Nofpg v'nf /fli6«o /fhgLltdf cfpg] a]nf eof] . o;df /0fgLlts kmfObf 5 . To;sf] ljk/Lt oyfl:yltnfO{ cln a9L nDAofpFbf r'gf}tLx¿sf] ;ª\Vof ;DxfNg g;lsg] tl/sfn] a9\g hfnf— ;Qf kIfnfO{ ;]gf / cGo an k|of]u ug{ afWo kfl/PnfÙ hgtfsf] ;xfg'e"ltdf PsfPs x|f; cfpnf . cflv/ slt ug]{ e"ldut /fhgLlt < hËn ga:bfv]l/ g} hgtfsf] ;]jf x'G5 / hËns} /fhgLlt ubf{ b]zsf] hghLjgdf qmflGt Nofpg] cfˆg} b"/ufdL nIodf 3ft k'U5 eg] o:tf] lsg ug]{ < b]zdf kl/jt{g Nofpg aGb'swf/L …/f]dflG6l;Hd\Ú sf] bf}/fgkl5 ;fdflhs / cfly{s ljsf;sf] nfdf] ofqf t afFsL g} /xG5, h;sf nflu dfcf]jfbLn] v'nf k|lt:kwf{df cfpg} k5{ . a? l9nf gu/]/ o;/L ;txdfly cfpFbf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ b]zsf] cu|kª\lQmsf] /fhg}lts zlQm÷kf6L{sf ¿kdf cfpg;S5 .

s]xL jif{cl3 dfq g xf], ;+;bLo Joj:yf;Fu cnlUuP/ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] hgo'4sf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] . To;f] u/]sf] ^ jif{ gk'Ub} cgy{sf] lzIf0f Joj:yf, s'l07t Pj+ cljsl;t cy{tGq / efF8e}nf];Fu cfw'lgsLs/0flt/ nfu]sf] ;dfhn] hGdfPsf] …k|m:6];gÚ sf sf/0f o'jf–o'jtLnfO{ dfcf]jfbLsf] :jlKgn Ph]08fn] tfGof] . lhNnf lhNnfdf /fhg}lts kf6L{n] 5f8]sf] z"Gotf eg{ dfcf]jfbL ;kmn eP . cfhsf] jftfj/0fdf ;+;bdf kms{Fbf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ t];|f] zlQmsf] ¿kdf v8f eof] eg] cfZro{ gxf]nf . lx+;fsf] cf}lrTo afx]s cfˆgf c¿ ;a} sfo{qmdx¿nfO{, of] kf6L{ km'6]g eg] ;+;baf6} lbuf] ¿kdf ;kmn kfg{ ;Sg]5, / lgZro klg dfcf]jfbLx¿n] /fHosf cGo txdf klg k|efjzfnL e"ldsf v]Ng ;Sg]5g\ . cGo ;a} kf6L{x¿n] ;Qfdf k'u]/ ToxfFsf] n"6 rfv]sf] ;Gbe{df dfcf]jfbLx¿n] cfkm"nfO{ …:jR5Ú / …sd{7Ú ePsf] tl:a/ k]z klg ug{ ;Sg]5g\ . cGo kf6L{ ‰}F b|"t ultdf cfˆgf] rl/q u'dfPg eg] cfˆgf] 5ljsf sf/0f ag]sf] g}lts anåf/f /fli6«o :t/d} g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf] e"ldsf k|an x'g]5 .

g]kfnsf] /fhgLlts …Oef]No"zgÚ n] klg o; avt g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] b]zsf] d"nwf/sf] ultljlwdf /fd|f] 7fpF kfpg] ;Defjgf bzf{pF5 . s;/L < s'g} klg ljsf;f]Gd'v b]zsf] /fhgLlt vfl/Fb} hfFbf /fhgLlts zlQmx¿sf] …kf]lnl6sn :k]S6«dÚ df 7fpF ljefhg x'Fb} hfG5 . cfh;Dd cfkm"nfO{ h]–h:tf] l;4fGtsf cg'ofoL eg] klg ;dfhjfb / …j]Nkm]o/ :6]6Ú sf] l;4fGt / cjwf/0ff ;a} kf6L{n] cFufn]sf] kfOG5 / ;fFlRrs} eGg] xf] eg] /fhfsf] k~rfot Joj:yfs} klg …Kn]6kmd{Ú oxL lyof] . t/, cGt ‰}F g]kfndf klg ca kf6L{x¿n] cfˆgf] 3f]lift l;4fGt ltvfb}{ n}hfg' kg]{ cj:yf 5, lsgeg] ;r]t Pj+ lzlIft x'Fb} uPsf hgtfn] cfpFbf lbgdf hgfb]z lbFbf …5gf}6Ú ug{ yfNg]5g\, / kf6L{–kf6L{tkm{ l;4fGtsf sf/0f tflgg]5g\ . x/]s b]zdf cf–cfˆgf] lx;fan] ;dosf] cGt/fndf /fhgLlts ;Gt'ng cfpF5— st} b'O{ d"n zlQmaLr -h:t} cd]l/sfdf 8]df]qm\of6\ / l/klAnsg tyf a]nfotdf sGh/e]l6e\ / n]a/_ of w]/} kf6L{x¿aLr . g]kfndf cfpFbf jif{x¿df tLg j6f d"n /fhgLlts zlQm pTkGg x'g] cj:yf b]lvG5 . hgtfsf] c~hfg rfxgf / :jfefljs /fhgLlts k|lqmof cGtu{t o;/L …/fhgLlts :k]S6«dÚ ljeflht x'g] qmd cfh z'? eO;s]sf] 5 . z'?df t ;fgf kf6L{sf] …/f]nÚ ‰g\‰g\ Go"g x'g]5 / clxn]sf d"n wf/sf g]kfnL sfª\u|]; / g]skf -Pdfn]_ df zlQm s]lGb|t x'Fb} hfg]5 . t/ olt x'Fb}df hgtfsf cfsf+Iffsf] ;fob k|ltlglwTj x'g]5}g . /fhg}lts …Oef]No'zgÚ eO/fv]sf] of] b]zdf ;DejtM g]kfnL sfª\u|]; Ps ahf/Joj:yfd'vL …sGh/e]l6eÚ bnsf] ¿kdf kl/0ft x'Fb} hfg]5 . Pdfn]sf] :jfefljs :yfg Pp6f …;f];n 8]df]qm]l6sÚ kf6L{sf] x'g]5 / eO;Sof] klg, gfd h];'s} /fVg] ePklg . o;/L ljeflht …:k]S6«dÚ sf] jfdkGyL -n]ˆ6_ kmfF6 rflxF …sDo'lg:6Ú dfcf]jfbLsf] x'g]5 . ljleGg Ph]08f af]s]sf cGo ;fgf bnx¿ oL tLg zlQm jl/kl/ /xg]5g\ .

/fhgLltzf:qsf] lx;fan] cfpFbf lbgx¿df x'g] g]kfnsf] bnut cj:yfsf] o:tf] ;DefjgfnfO{ jf:tljstfdf kl/0ft ug{ Pp6f dfq s'/fsf] vfFrf] 5— dfcf]jfbLs} tkm{af6 gofF kxn . ;fob, dfcf]jfbLsf …lyÍ 6\ofÍÚn] klg ljrf/ ul/;s]sf xf]nfg\— c‰} s]xL ;do e"ldut /x]/ lx+;fs} af6f] lxF8\bf cfkm"n] XjfQ clxn] sdfPsf] ;kmntf cy{xLg x'g] xf] ls eg]/ . lsgeg] ljutdf axfb'/ zfxb]lv eLd;]g yfkfsf] ;dodf wfGg ;Sg] eGbf a9L hldg cf]u6\g vf]Hbf cfˆgf] ;fd|fHo ;DxfNg g;s]/ cGttM cª\u|]h ;/sf/;Fu ;D‰f}tf ug{' k/]h:t} cfhsf dfcf]jfbL g]tf / sfo{stf{n] klg e"ldut eO{ a[xt\ b]zJofkL ;Ë7g wfGg vf]Hbf cfOkg]{ sl7gfO{ ;f]r]sf 5g\ ls < of] 38L;Dd ;/sf/ / ;dfhn] of]4fs} ¿kdf lnO/x]sf dfcf]jfbLx¿, d"nwf/sf] /fhgLltdf plqFbf ltgsf] …n]lh6Ld];LÚ df k|Zg cfpg] l:ylt 5}g . t/ clxn]sf] kl/b[iodf b]vf k/]sf] sf6df/n] ;+3if{sf] nufd dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|zlQmsf] lgoGq0faf6 km'lTsg klg ;S5 . ef]ln uP/ Tof] pR5[ª\vn / cftÍ s]lGb|t o'jf hdftsf] xftdf k'Uof] eg] dfly elgPsf] /fhgLlts zlQm ;Gt'ngdf cfkm" cnu /xg' kg]{ ;DefjgfnfO{ bL3{sflng /fhgLlt ug]{ dgf]an ePsf dfcf]jfbL g]tfx¿n] a'‰]s} x'g'k5{ . æcftÍjfbLÆ sf]
;+1f, cfhsf] cfd;~rf/ / ljZn]if0fn] 9fs]sf] b'lgofFdf kl5;Dd bfu aGg]5 .

g]kfn k|x/LnfO{ lsg o;/L dfcf]jfbLn] alnsf] tf/f] agfPsf < g]kfn k|x/Lsf] Hofblt eg]sf] ut b'O{ jif{ otf ePsf] 5}g eg] klg x'G5, a? kf]i6leq ql;t eO{ a:g' k/]sf] 5 pgLx¿n] / s]xL abdf;L ul/xfn] dfcf]jfbLsf] sf/jfxLdf kg]{ 8/n] klg s]xL ul//x]sf 5}gg\ . tLg jif{cl3sf] …lsnf] ;]/f 6"Ú / To;cl3 ePsf] HofbtLsf] bf]ifL k|x/L dfq xf]Ogg\— pgLx¿ Tolta]nf cfb]z dfGg] oGq klg t lyP . dWo g]kfnsf] /f]Nkf, ?s'd / hfh/sf]6df lgbf]{if ufpFn]x¿dfly cTofrf/ x'Fbf lgb]{zg lbg] ;/sf/sf kbflwsf/L, gf]s/zfx / To;af6 dfcf]jfbL ;d:of ;kmfr6 eOxfN5 lg eg]/ df}g a:g] sf7df8f}Fsf k|ltkIfL g]tfx¿, …Pln6Ú ju{, a'l4hLjL / n]vs kqsf/nfO{ klg t bf]if lbg' k¥of] . km]l/ Tolt cl3sf] HofbtLsf] abnfdf clxn] Ps} k6s tL;f}F k|x/Lsf] xTof ul/g'nfO{ ;dfg'kflts dfGg ;lsFb}g . cfTd;dk{0f u/]sf k|x/L hjfgnfO{ gfssf] 8fF8Ldfly uf]nL xfg]/ …PS;]So"6Ú ug]{ dfcf]jfbL ldlnlzofsf] sf/jfxLn] s] atfpF5, / To;nfO{ cGt/f{li6«o sfg"g / dfGotfn] s] eG5 <

b}n]v, ?s'd, bf]nvfdf dfl/Psf k|x/Lx¿sf] …8]df]u|flkms k|f]kmfOnÚ x]g]{ xf] eg], tL ;a} tNnf >]0fLsf hjfgx¿ ufpF3/sf lgDg dWod ju{sf g]kfnL x'g\ . dfcf]jfbL cfGbf]ngsf/Lsf] ju{ klg 7Ls ToxL g} xf] . s] of] cfˆg} bfh'–efOnfO{ cfkm}Fn] df/]sf] ePg < olb oL tNnf] bhf{sf zlQm / kx'FrxLg k|x/Lx¿nfO{ ;Qfsf k|ltlglw eGb} xTof u/]sf] dfGg] xf] eg] s] To;df sft/kg ‰lNsFb}g / < /0fgLlts sf/0f atfP/ zx/L If]qx¿sf …7"nfa8fÚ nfO{ rflxF g5'g], t/ ;'g;fg kfvfsf kf]i6leq q:t hjfgdfly eg] /ftf/ft ;}of}Fsf] hdftåf/f eofjx cfqmd0f < xTof < ca t, d}lnPsf] gLnf] abL{df nDk;f/ k|x/Lx¿sf nf;sf] vft b]Vbf c¿ ‰}F dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{sf] cfFvfdf klg cfF;' /;fpg'kg]{ xf] .

;/sf/sf] ultxLgtf ;~rf/sdL{x¿sf] sdhf]/L, b]zsf] e"agf]6 / hgtf;Fu plDnPsf] kL8f aflx/ lgsfNg] dfWod -af}l4s, wfld{s, cfWoflTds, ldl8ofdfkm{t\_ gePsf] l:ylt / cGo y'k|} sf/0fn] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ cfˆgf] hu alnof] kfg{ d2t u/]sf] 5 . t/ dfG5] df/]/ sLlt{dfg sfod x'Fb}g . clwgfosjfbL /f0ffsfnLg / k~rfotsfnLg cj:yfdf ;fg} ljb|f]x ubf{ klg a9L ;fx; rflxg] lyof], cfhsf] låljwfu|:t k|hftflGqs ;/sf/sf] lvnfkm o'4 ug{ Tolt Hofbf ;fx; rflxFb}g . ef/tsf] sflZd/, pQ/k"j{sf c;d, gfufNof08 / dl0fk'/, of t cfGw| k|b]z / laxf/sf dfcf]jfbLx¿n] eGbf 7"nf] k|sf]k g]kfnL dfcf]jfbLn] ca g]kfns} 8fF8fkfvfdf NofO;s] . of] s;}nfO{ uj{sf] s'/f klg xf]nf, t/ lrGtgzLn dfcf]jfbLnfO{ klg kSs} To;f] gnfUnf .

hgtfdf aGb'ssf] rng Psrf]l6 a;]kl5 To;nfO{ pN6fpg clt ufx|f] x'g]5 . o;cl3 ljb]zL / /fli6«o ;]gfaf6 cjsfz kfPsf s]xL cg'zfl;t e"tk"j{ ;}lgsdf aGb's rnfpg] cg'ej lyof], t/ clxn] ufpF3/sf lszf]/josf hdftdf Jofks ;z:qLs/0f dfq ePsf] 5}g, aGb'såf/f dfG5] dfg]{ afgL kb}{ uPsf of]4fx¿sf] klg hGd ePsf] 5 . g]kfnL ;dfhsf] ljsf;df o;n] sqf] cj/f]w Nofpg] 5 eGg] ;Í]t b]lvg yfln;s]sf] 5 . oqf] o'4 nl8;s]kl5 dfcf]jfbL g]tf / sfo{stf{nfO{ Oltxf;n] s;/L JofVof unf{ < ;Dk"0f{ sdf08/ / sfo{stf{sf] gfd lnP/ sLlt{dfgsf] ufgf ufOPnf of t xLgtfaf]wn] el/k"0f{ ufyf kl9Pnf <

ca, k'ln; kf]i6df cfqmd0f ug'{;§f dfcf]jfbLn] s:tf] b]z agfpg rfx]sf] eGg] Pp6f …XjfO6 k]k/Ú lgsfNg] a]nf ePsf] 5, h;df e"/fhgLlts gLltb]lv ljsf;sf] cjwf/0ff, cy{tGq / ;fdflhs lgsf; ;DaGwL ltgsf cfsf+Iff / of]hgfx¿ k]z x'g]5g\ . ca n8fs" hdft a6'Ng] ;+:yfn] af}l4s ju{nfO{ tfGg] hdsf]{ ug'{kg]{ cfjZos b]lvG5 .

;Qfs} lx:;]bf/ x'gnfO{ of]hgf agfpg] cj:yf alg;s]sf] ;Gbe{df dfcf]jfbLx¿n] cfh g]kfnL ;dfh / cy{tGqnfO{ c:tJo:t kfbf{ kl5 ;fob cfkm}Fn] klg b]z ;DxfNg' kbf{ ufx|f] kg]{ cj:yf l;h{gf ePsf] t 5}g eg]/ klg ;f]Rg' kg]{ x'G5 . cfh pR5[ª\vn / aGb'sd'vL agfPsf] hdftnfO{ ;DxfNg dfcf]jfbLsf] ;DefJo ;/sf/n] klg ;]gf / ;z:q k|x/L rnfpg'kg]{ cj:yf pgLx¿ :jo+ agfpFb}5g\ . dfcf]jfbL nIo g} ;Qfdf k'Ug] xf] eg], Tof] cj:yfdf ;Qfn] rnfpg] …b]zÚ klg t /xg k¥of] lg .

dfcf]jfbLn] h;/L ;/sf/nfO{ nlIft u/]/ cfh zAb / uf]nL b'j} k|xf/ ul//x]5g\ Tof] xb;Dd ;/sf/ -lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfs} eP klg ef]ln dfwjs'df/ g]kfns} eP klg_ nfO{ hgtfsf] zq'
-…Plgld ckm b lkk'nÚ_ eGg ldNb}g . /f]dfl~rt s]xL ljb]zLx¿n] 7fGnfg\ ls g]kfn Pp6f …k'ln; :6]6Ú xf], hxfF dfcf]jfbLx¿n] hgtfsf] ;fxl;s 9Ën] k|lt/Iff ul//x]5g\, t/ ljrf/zLn g]kfnLnfO{ yfxf 5 ls k~rfot kl5sf ;/sf/df g To;/L hgtfnfO{ bafpg] zlQm of of]hgf 5, g t cfTdan g} . olb of] k|hftflGqs ;/sf/ g} …kmflzi6Ú / k|ltlqmofjfbL zlQmsf] uf]nf xf] eg] b/afl/of zlQmnfO{ s] eGg], hf];Fu dfcf]jfbLx¿ cfh hgk|ltlglw;Fu eGbf Hofbf ;fF7ufF7 ug{ OR5's b]lvG5g\ . o:tf] ;DefJo ;fF7ufF7df b/afl/of zlQmn] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ x'¥of{pF5 of t dfcf]jfbLn] b/afl/ofnfO{, t/ Tof] a]nfsf] lx+;fn] cfhsf] lx+;fnfO{ cf]‰]ndf kfl/lbG5 . k|hftGq k'gj{xfnLkl5 cfPsf Ps÷Ps ;an g]tfx¿nfO{ æhgtfsf] 5f]/fÆ eGg ldN5, h;dWo] s]xL rflxF e|i6frf/L lglSnP, Tof] cs}{ s'/f xf] . ltgLx¿ ;fdGtLsf ;Gtfg of kmflz:6 kSs} xf]Ogg\ / x'g\ eg] of] klg a'l‰/fvf}F ls w]/} dfcf]jfbL g]tf / d"n wf/ kf6L{ g]tfsf klg ;fdflhs x'lnof ;dfg 5g\Ù b'j} ufpFsf …7fn"Ú kl/jf/af6 cfPsf x'G5g\ . 

;dli6df x]bf{ cfly{s ljsf; / ;fdflhs ;Defjgfn] el/k"0f{ of] b]zsf dfcf]jfbLx¿n] ;Íng u/]sf] zlQmnfO{ ca v'nf /fhgLltdf kl/0ft ug]{ a]nf cfPsf] 5 . o;nfO{ nDAofP/ ;dfh / cy{tGqsf] lxt 5}g, / ;Qfdf k'luxfNbf klg lalu|Psf] b]z / hgtfnfO{ ;~rfng ug]{ dfcf]jfbL cfkm}sf] rfxgf kSs} xf]Og . t;y{, e"ldut kf6L{sf] ;+:yfut :jfy{ / x/]s dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{ / of]4fsf] ;fdflhs cfsf+Iff / cfTd rfxgfsf] Pp6} lgsf; b]lvG5, b]zsf] s]Gb|Lo ;+/rgfdf /fd|f] e"ldsf v]Ng] / v'nf /fhgLlt ug]{ . o;}df g]kfn, g]kfnL / dfcf]jfbLsf] enf] 5 .