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s~rgk'/b]lv
s~rgh+3f;Dd
8f=
tLy{axfb'/ >]i7
g]kfnLsL
lr/ gjjw" :j0f{ h+3f ;'gf}nL
h}n]
x]/] klg ld/ld/] ´ofndf lgTo gf}nL .
slj
dfwjk|;fb l3ld/]sf] of] b'nxL–lxdfn rLg / ef/tnfO{ hf]8\g] ;'gf}nf
g]kfnL s8L klg xf] . xfd|f] ;fFwsf] :j0f{ :tDesf] ¿kdf of] v8f
5 t/ klg ;Ldf :tDesf] ¿kdf xfdL o;nfO{ k|rf/df NofpFb}gf}F .
sljhLsf] of] …gjjw"Ú sf] gfd s] xf] jf s] x'g'k5{ eGg] ljjfb
zfob af;L eO;Sof] t}klg :yfgLo g]kfnL afl;Gbfsf hglha|f]df 6fFl;Psf]
gfd ævfª–5]g–hf]Ë–ªfÆ xfdL e'Ng rfxGgf}+ . ef]]6]
efiffsf] pQm gfddf …vfªÚ zAbn] lxpF, …5]gÚ zAbn] 7"nf],
…hf]ËÚ zAbn] 6fs'/f / …ªfÚ zAbn] kfFr eGg] a'‰fpFbf]/x]5 .
>L % sf] ;/sf/åf/f ;g\ !(&# df k|sflzt k"jf{~rn ljsf;
If]qsf] gS;fdf …s~rghªfÚ pNn]v 5 . Tolta]nf;Dd æªfÆ cIf/
x/fPsf] /x]g5 . ef/ttkm{ l;lSsddf o;nfO{ …sfgr]ghf]ªfÚ (Kanchendzonga)
elgFbf]/x]5 eg] xfdL sxfF …s~rgh+3fÚ (Kanchanjungha)
eGg] u/]sf 5f}F . kj{tf/f]x0f;DaGwL ljj/0fx¿ k9\bf ToxfF
s~r]gh+uf (Kanchenjunga)
pNn]v ePsf] kfpF5f}F . ;g\ !($* sf] ofqf ljj/0fdf hf];]km 8fN6g
x's/n] o;nfO{ …lsglrgh+ªfÚ (Kinchinjunga)
eGg] gfdn] ;Daf]wg u/]sf 5g\ . o;/L cª\u|]hL efiff / cª\u|]hL
lnlksf] ;xf/fdf cke|+zsf] ;+;f/ v8f u/]/ dfwj l3ld/]sf]
gjjw"nfO{ xfdL s~rgh+3f eGb5f}F . ToxL s~rgh+3faf6 pbfPsf]
3fd s~rgk'/ k'Uof] eg] g]kfnsf] k"j{–klZrd l;dfgf 6'lËG5 .
l;Ëf]
g]kfnsf] cfs[lt j0f{gdf d]rL dxfsfnLsf] /6fgn] ubf{ s~rgk'/
lhNnfdf
kg]{
dxfsfnLkfl/sf rfFbgL
/
bf]wf/f
eGg]
b'O{ ufpF
ca g]kfnLsf] x[boaf6} cnlUug]
xf] ls eGg] 8/ eO;Sof] . To;}n] g]kfn
sqf]
5 eGbf, d …s~rgk'/b]lv
s~rgh+3f;DdÚ eGg rfxG5' .
g]kfnsf]
;fFw jf ;lGwof/ h] vf]h] klg sfnfkfgLsf] syf / To;sf] Joyf To;}
knfP/ cfpF5 . xfd|f] klZrdL ;Ldfsf] pQ/L ljGb' hxfF h;/L
lgwf{/0f eP klg xfdLn] csf]{ j]u sfnfkfgLaf6 yfn]/ s]rgf -‰fkf_
;Dd k'¥ofpg' kb{5, g]kfnsf] gS;f lvRgsf nflu . ‰fkf lhNnfdf
kg]{ of] uflj; xfd|f] k"jL{ l;dfgfsf] ;aeGbf blIf0fL ljGb'lt/
kg{ cfpFb5 . g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;a}eGbf xf]rf]
-pFrfO ^) ld6/_ e"v08 oxLFg]/ kg{ cfpFb5 . s]rgfaf6 z'?
ePsf] e"–efu pQ/lt/ p7\b}p7\b} s~rgh+3fsf] lzv/ *%*^ ld6/;Dd
r'lnG5 . To;kl5 s~rgh+3fsf] >]0fL pQ/lt/ km}nFb} g]kfn, ef/t
/ rLgsf] lq;fFwdf k'u]/ tLglt/sf] kfgL 9nf] 5'§fpg k'Ub5 . tLg
;lGwof/nfO{ hf]8\g] of] s~rgh+3f g]kfnsf] dxTjk"0f{ ;Ldf vDaf
klg xf] . To;}n] g]kfnnfO{ x]g]{ xfd|f] b[li6sf]0f c‰
km/flsnf] agfpg xfdLn] æd]rL–dxfsfnLsf] y]uf]Æ sf] ;f6f]
s~rgk'/b]lv s~rgh+3f;Dd egf}F / To;df sfnfkfgLb]lv s]rgf;Dd klg
ykf}F eGg] d]/f] cfu|x 5 .
olt
ul/;s]kl5 g]kfnsf] ;a}eGbf pQ/df /x]sf] lhNnf / ;a}eGbf blIf0f
km}lnPsf] e"efu cf}+Nofpg' k¥of] eg] xfdLn] e"–gS;fsf
cIff+z /]vfx¿sf] ;xfotf lng'kg]{ x'G5 . o;f] ubf{ d':tfªsf]
aLraf6 lvFlrg] -pQ/L cIff+z @( l8u|Lsf]_ /]vf s~rgk'/ cfP/ 6'lËG5 .
To; cj:yfdf s~rgk'/sf] dx]Gb|gu/ d':tfªsf] ‰f]d;f]d eGbf klg
pQ/df /x]sf] tYo v'N5 . o;}u/L g]kfnu~h ;u/dfyfeGbf klg pQ/df
kg{ cfpF5 .
g]kfnsf]
;aeGbf pQ/sf] lhNnf :jtM x'Dnf x'g cfOk'U5 . x'Dnfsf] lndL
uflj;sf] nfKrf] e~HofËg]/ pQ/L cIff+z #) l8u|L @& ldg]6df
g]kfnsf] ;aeGbf pQ/L ljGb' sfod x'G5 . o;}u/L g]kfnsf] ;a}eGbf
blIf0f km}lnPsf] lhNnf df]/ª x'g k'U5 . oxfFsf] a'4gu/ uflj;
cIff+zsf] b[li6n] g]kfnsf] ;aeGbf blIf0fdf kg]{ ljGb' -pQ/L
cIff+zsf] @^ l8u|L / @@ ldg]6_ 7xl/G5 . >L % k[YjLgf/fo0f
zfxsf] hLjgsfndf ;Ktsf]zL of] ljGb'af6 *–!) lsnf]ld6/ dfq 6f9f
lyof] . t/ clxn] oxfFaf6 ‰08} #) lsnf]ld6/ klZrd ;/]sf] 5 .
;Ktsf]zLnfO{ cfhsf] cfˆgf] wf/;Dd klZrd x6\g #)) jif{ nfu]sf] tYo
e"–pku|xaf6 k|fKt tl:a/sf] cWoogaf6 l;4 ePsf] 5 . lsg
xf] s'lGg, sf]zLnfO{ o;/L 7fpF ;/L–;/L aUg'k5{ . o;n] Psflt/
;'g};'gsf] u'g nufP/ ;'g;/L lhNnf lgdf{0f ug]{ / csf]{kl§ eg]
;ftj6} sf]zLaf6 zq'tfk"j{s Jojxf/ u/L ;Ktc/L -;ftzq'_ lhNnf
lgdf{0f u/]sf] 5 . o;/L s;}nfO{ sfvf, s;}nfO{ kfvf sf]zLs} efvf
lsg x'g' k¥of] eGg] ljrf/ ubf{ zfob k|fs[lts lgod g} o:t} kf] xf]
ls h:tf] nfU5 . cfkm}Fn] aufP/ NofPsf] afn'jf / df6f] tn uP/
cfkm}Fn] af]Sg g;s] kl5 To;}n] cfˆgf] af6f] 5]Sbf]/x]5 / clg af6f]
abNg afWo klg x'Fbf]/x]5 . o;}u/L lxdfnb]lv af]sL NofPsf afn'jf
/ df6f] hd]/ xfd|f] t/fO{ / pQ/L ef/t pj{/e"lddf kl/jt{g ePsf]
5 . xfd|f] k"jL{ t/fO{df hd]sf] pj{/ df6f]sf] tx ^))
ld6/eGbf ulx/f] 5 eGg] e"–zf:qLx¿sf] dfGotf 5 . oxL
lxdfn / kxf8af6 o;/L df6f] y]lu|g gcfPsf] eP aËnfb]zsf] lgdf{0f}
x'g]lyPg . aËfn, laxf/ / pQ/k|b]z h:tf ef/tLo /fHox¿ lagf
df6f]sf kTy/L 9nfg h:tf x'g]lyP xf]nfg\ . h] xf];\ cfh ;a} pj{/
5g\ . oxfF g]kfnsf] gS;f sf]g]{ l;nl;nf rNbf gbL / ltgn]
sf]/]sf /]vfx¿ sltsf e/kbf{ x'G5g\ eGg] s''/f v'6\ofpg vf]h]sf] xf] .
cfh e"–pku|xsf] hdfgfdf /fHosf] ;Ldf lgwf{/0f ug{ gbLsf]
wf/nfO{ cfwf/ dfGg'kg]{ cj:yf 5}g . ;fdfGo pks/0fn] g}
ef}uf]lns ljGb' ls6fg ug{ ;lsG5 .
k[YjL
;txsf] s'g} ljGb' of 7fpFsf] ef}uf]lns cjl:ylt Plsg ug'{ k¥of] eg]
e"uf]n ljBfdf cIff+znfO{ b]zfGt/n] ;fy lbg'k5{ . xfd|f]
b]zdf k"j{ lbzfdf ;aeGbf 6f9f km}lnPsf] ** l8u|L !@ ldg]6sf]
k"jL{ b]zfGt/ s~rgh+3f lxdfn>]0fLsf] nfªkf]–6fs'/f
-^(%$ ld6/_ df b]lvg cfpF5 . o;}u/L xfd|f] klZrdL ;Ldf eg]
s~rgk'/sf] rfFbgL
uflj;df
6'lËG5 . dxfsfnLkfl/
/x]sf] of] uflj;df g}
*) l8u|L
/
$
ldg]6sf] k"jL{ b]zfGt/
/]vf
kg{
cfpg' k5{ .
b]zfGt/sf]
km]/abnn] s'g} 7fpFsf] ;dosf] km]/abnnfO{ c+lst u5{ . b]zfGt/
km/s 5 eg] ;do km/s x'G5 . g]kfn / Go"of]s{ b]zfGt/sf]
lx;fan] w]/} km/s ePsf]n] xfdL sxfF lbg x'Fbf ToxfF /ft x'G5 t/
g]kfn / >LnÍf k|foM Pp6} b]zfGt/df k/]sf]n] xfd|f] laxfg pgLx¿sf]
klg laxfg, xfd|f] dWofXg pgLx¿sf] klg dWofXg x'G5 . olb
dx]Gb|gu/sf] b]zfGt/nfO{ g]kfnsf] /fli6«o ;do lgwf{/0f ug]{ /]vf
dfGof}+ eg] g]kfn, ef/t / >LnÍfsf] Pp6} ;do x'g cfpF5 .
To:t} s~rgh+3fsf] b]zfGt/sf] cfwf/df ;do lgwf{/0f ug]{ xf] eg]
s~rgk'/eGbf nueu #@ ldg]6 l56f] x'G5 . cyf{t\ s~rgk'/df
laxfgsf] 5 aHof] eg] s~rgh+3fdf ^ ah]/ #@ ldg]6 lalt;s]sf] x'G5 .
xfdLn] xfd|f] /fli6«o ;do lgwf{/0f ug{ g]kfnsf] dWoefusf]
b]zfGt/nfO{ 7Dofof} / ef/t / aËnfb]z eGbf leGg ;do /fVof}+ .
kmn:j?k xfdL ef/teGbf !% ldg]6 l56f] / aËnfb]zeGbf cfwf 306f l9nf]
5f}F . ;fdfGotofM ljZjsf c¿ b]zx¿ cfˆgf] /fli6«o ;donfO{
cGo b]zsf] eGbf 306f–306f jf #)÷#) ldg]6n] km/s /fVg] u5{g\ .
g]kfnLn] cfˆgf] …o'lgsg];Ú oxfF klg sfod u/]sf] 5 . h]
xf];\ oxfF eGg vf]h]sf] s'/f olt dfq xf] ls b]zfGt/sf] km/sn] ubf{
s~rgk'/ / s~rgh+3fdf #@ nueu ldg]6sf] km/s k5{ . cIff+zsf]
leGgtfn] rflxF xfjfkfgL, Ct' h:tf s'/fdf c;/ kf5{ . To;}n]
x'Dnf h'Dnflt/ lxd/]vf / j[If÷jg:klt/]vf klg k"j{sf tfKn]h'ª
jf Onfdsf kxf8 kj{tdf eGbf cln tn tn ;/]sf] x'G5 . tfKn]h'ªlt/
$))) ld6/sf] pFrfOdf klg j[If / jg kfOG5 eg] h''Dnf, 8f]6L, a‰fªlt/
#*)) ld6/df g} jg km:6fpg 5f]8\5 / n]sfnL rp/, kf6g / a'6\ofg km]nf
k5{g\ . cIff+zsf] sf/0fn] xfd|f] g]kfndf #))) ld6/df x'g]
uf]a|];Nnf / w"kL;Nnfsf jg o"/f]ksf] cfNk kj{tdf !))) ld6/
gk'Ub} 3gf eO;s]sf] x'G5 . o;k|sf/ g]kfnsf] pFrfOn] lgdf{0f
u/]sf] jftfj/0f o"/f]k / cd]l/sflt/ cIff+zn] lgdf{0f ub{5 .
cyf{t\ ljZj dfglrqdf c+Iffzn] l;h]{sf] leGg kl/j]z g]kfndf lxdfnsf]
pFrfOn] r6s u/] ‰}F u/L sd cIff+zdf g} b]vfOlbG5 . t/ of]
r6ssf] jzdf k/]/ cIff+zsf] k|efjnfO{ la;{g eg] ldNb}g, ha xfdL
g]kfnfsf] e"uf]n / gS;faf/] ;f]Rg yfN5f}F .
g]kfnsf]
gS;fsf] af/]df s'/f ubf{ dnfO{ b/af/ xfO{:s"nsf Ps aËfnL df:6/
cd/ afa'sf] ;D‰gf cfpF5 . d]/f] xftsf /]vfdf k/]sf ltgsf]
j]tsf] rf]6 klg Tolts} tfhf 5 . @))%÷)^ ;fnlt/sf] s'/f] x'Fbf]
xf], pxfFn] xfdLnfO{ e"uf]n k9fpg' x'GYof] . g]kfnsf] gS;f
sf]g{ l;sfpg' x'GYof] . ;aeGbf klxn] Pp6f nfDrf] ;dsf]0f (rectangle)
sf]g'{ kb{Yof] skLsf] kfgfel/ . clg To;sf] b]a|]lt/sf] dflyNnf]
sf]0fb]lv bflxg]lt/sf] tNnf] sf]0f;Dd t];f]{ wsf{ (diagonal)
sf6\bYof}F . ToxL /]vfsf] cfwf/df g]kfnsf] gS;f aGYof] .
To;}n] ha d g]kfnsf] gS;f ;D‰g a:5', ToxL t];f]{ wsf]{n] cIff+zsf]
z'l4 x/fpg lbFb}g . u'?sf] j]tn] ;D‰fO/xG5 gS;f t];f]{
x'g'k5{ . of] 7f8f] 5}g, ;'t]sf] klg xf]Og, g]kfn t 58\s] kf] 5 .
u'?sf]
j]tnf}/Ln] aª\UofPsf xftsf /]vfx¿ d'7\7Lel/ ;Fufn]/ hLjgofqfdf
lxF8\bf lbg laT5, /ft cfpF5 clg kfqf] klN6G5 . oxL qmddf
g]kfnsf] ;aeGbf klZrdL laGb' s~rgk'/sf] rfFbgLaf6 @)%&
r}td;fGtsf] ;"o{nfO{ klg labf ub{5f}F, t/fO{sf] uf]w"nL
;fF‰df . To;kl5 g]kfndf pbfpg] gofF jif{sf] klxnf] ls/0f yfKg
s~rgh+3f k'Ug' kb{5 pRr lxdfnL lzv/df . dnfO{ t pbfPsf]
;"o{ >LcGt'af6 x]g{ dgnfU5 . afn;"o{sf] slnnf]
ls/0f s~rgh+3fsf] kf]N6f]e/L kf]lvPkl5 la:tf/} cGoq km}nG5 .
s~rgh+3fnfO{ ;'gf}nf] ls/0fn] kvfn]/ slj l3ld/]sf] æ:j0f{h+3fÆ
lgdf{0f u/]kl5 k'/} g]kfn / ;a} g]kfnLnfO{ gofF jif{sf] ls/0fn] s~rg
agfcf];\ @)%* sf] z'esfdgf Û
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