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  • /S;L nfu]/ dft]sf] elgPsf o'j/fh bLk]Gb|nfO{ rf/ hgfn] af]s]/ vf]kLdf ;'tfpg nu]kl5 /fgL P]Zjo{ / clw/fhs'df/L >'ltåf/f P8L;L clkm;df :jod\ uO{ o'j/fhsf] Vofn /fVg cË/Ifsx¿nfO{ ;ts{ u/fOPsf] lyof] . P8L;Lx¿n] To;nfO{ uDeL/tfk"j{s lnPsf eP s] !( h]7sf] eofgs b'3{6gf 6g{ ;Sb}gYof] <

  • 36gf:ynaf6 $) lkm6 k/sf] sf]7fdf a;]sf ljz]if tflndk|fKt P8L;Lx¿n] uf]nL rn]sf] ;'Ggf;fy t'?Gt} uP/  l:yltnfO{ lsg lgoGq0fdf lnPgg\ <

/fhb/af/df h;n] uf]nL rnfof], xTofsf08sf] d"n sf/s klg pxL g} xf] t/ ToxfF vl6Psf zfxL kfZj{jtL{ -P8L;L_ x¿sf] e"ldsf ljjfb d'Qm /x]g . kl5Nnf 5fglag ;ldltx¿n] ltgs} c;fjwfgLk"0f{ Jojxf/sf sf/0f 36gf ‰g\ eofjx aGg k'u]sf] s'/f km]nf kf/]sf 5g\ . /, o;;Fu;Fu} pRrkb:y ;}lgs clws[tx¿df‰ g} zfxL ;+xf/sf a]nf ePsf] ;'/Iff–q'l6sf] lhDd]jf/L Psn] csf{sf] yfKnf]df yf]kg{] c:j:y xf]8 klg rln/x]sf] 5 .  

lqe'jg ;bgdf uf]nL rNg yfNbf 5 hgf zfxL cË/Ifsx¿ /flqef]h rln/x]sf] lalno8{ a}7s 5]p, a9Ldf !# sbd 6f9fsf] …P8L;L–clkm;Údf, al;/x]sf lyP . uf]nLsf] cfjfh ;'Ggf;fy pgLx¿ To;tkm{ uP t/ uf]nL nfUg] 8/n] d"n 9f]sfaf6 k:g] cfF6 u/]gg\, a? cfkm}F efufefu u/] . /, aGb's af]s]sf o'j/fh /fgL P]Zjo{sf] vf]hLdf aflx/tkm{ uPkl5 dfq csf]{kl§sf] l;;fsf] ´ofn kmf]/]/ leq k;] . ;a} P8L;Lx¿n] 5fglag ;ldlt;dIf aofg lbFbf of] s'/f :jLsf/]sf 5g\ . k|Zg p7\5Ù clt ljlzi6 JolQmx¿sf] ;'/Iffsf nflu cfjZos ;a} tflnd lnPsf / uf]nL rnfpg] clwsf/;d]t kfPsf cË/Ifsx¿n] ;dod} 36gf:yndf x:tIf]k ug{] cfF6 lsg u/]gg\ < /fhb/af/df sfd ul/;s]sf zfxL ;]gfsf Ps clws[t eG5g\, æ;fFRr} eGg] xf] eg] ;a} hgf cfˆg} Hofg hf]ufpglt/ nfu] .Æ

ToxfF slxNo} gePsf] / slxNo} g;f]lrPsf] 36gf x'g uPsf] lyof] t/ To:t} cgk]lIft l:yltsf] d'sfljnf ug{' g} P8L;Lx¿sf] k]zfut lhDd]jf/L lyof], h;df pgLx¿ ;kmn x'g ;s]gg\, ;fdfGo l;kfxLn] ‰}F x8a8fx6 b]vfP . oxfF;Dd ls, Toqf] uf]nL rNbf Ps dlxgf klxn] dfq b/af/df vl6Psf /fhfsf slgi7 P8L;L SofK6]g kjg vqLafx]s c¿ s;}n] xf]n]:6/af6 lk:tf]n lgsfNg] ;ts{tf;d]t b]vfPgg\ . sf]xL t 36gf:ynsf] …nf]s]zgÚaf/] klg a]va/ lyP . h:tf] ls Pshgf P8L;L, SofK6]g rqm zfxn] eg]sf 5g\, æTof] :yfglt/ d 8\o"6Lsf] l;nl;nfdf km:6 6fOd uPsf] lyPF . To;}n] OG6«fG; stf xf] eGg] Tolt cjut 5}g .Æ

uf]nLsf08 ePsf avt lqe'jg ;bgdf >L % jL/]Gb|sf P8L;Lx¿ s0f]{n ;'Gb/k|tfk /fgf, SofK6]g k|km'Nnljqmd zfx / SofK6]g kjg vqL, >L % P]Zjo{sf P8L;L d]h/ cgGts]z/ l;+x, >L % /Tgsf P8L;L SofK6]g rqm zfx / >L % bLk]Gb|sf P8L;L d]h/ uh]Gb| af]xf]/f lyP . afFsL P8L;L / ;'/IffsdL{x¿ a9'jf ePsf] v'lzofnL dgfO/x]sf d]h/ lji0f' v8\sf;Fu} a;]/ cln k/sf] …cfG6L ?dÚdf l6eL x]l//x]sf lyP, o'lgkmd{;d]t km'sfn]/ . To;n] ubf{ uf]nLsf08 ePkl5 d]h/ v8\sf, s0f]{n s]zj/fh dxtnufot ;}lgs k|x/Lsf] …kmfOl6ª 6f]nLÚsf] g]t[Tj ug]{ y'k}| clws[tx¿ 36gf:yntkm{ bf}8g'sf] ;f6f] z'?df kmf}hL 8«]; nufpgdf cNdlnPsf lyP . /fhb/af/sf k"j{ k|d'v ;}lgs ;lrj zfGts'df/ dNn eG5g\, æP8L;Lx¿af6 ;dod} pko'Qm ;fjwfgL ckgfOPsf] eP Tof] :t/sf] ljgfzsf/L xTofsf08 gx'g] ;Defjgf lyof] .Æ

>L % 1fg]Gb|åf/f cjsfzk|fKt n]lˆ6g]G6 hg/n dNns} ;+of]hsTjdf zfxL ;+xf/sf a]nf -!( h]7sf] ;fF‰ &–!) ah]sf] cjlwdf_ ;'/Iff ;+oGqsf] e"ldsfaf/] 5fglag ug{ kfFr ;b:oLo ;}Go 6f]nL u7g ul/Psf] lyof] . ;ldltn] P8L;Lx¿sf sdhf]/LnfO{ la:tf/k"j{s s]nfPsf] 5 . otf >L % sf] ;/sf/n] d'Vo ;lrj tLy{dfg zfSosf] ;+of]hsTjdf u7g u/]sf] csf]{ ;ldltn] klg d'Vo ¿kdf ;'/Iff k|0ffnLsf sdhf]/LnfO{ cf}+NofPsf] 5 . /fhb/af/ uf]nLsf08nfO{ lnP/ k|wfgGofofwLz s]zjk|;fb pkfWofo / ;efd'v tf/fgfy /fgfef6 /x]sf] ;ldltn] ljj/0f / jofgsf] km]xl/:t k|:t''t u/]kl5 oL ;ldltx¿ agfOPsf lyP .

36gf:yndf ;'/IffsdL{x¿sf] h'g lsl;dsf] sdhf]/L b]lvof], xTofsf08sf ;"qwf/ o'j/fh bLk]Gb|sf P8L;Lx¿sf] e"ldsf klg plQs} ljjfbf:kb 7flgPsf] 5 . vf;u/L o'j/fhn] ufFhf nufotsf nfu" kbfy{ ;]jg ug]{ u/]sf] yfxf kfpFbf kfpFb} klg pgLx¿n] pko'Qm 7fpFdf ;"lrt gug'{nfO{ ;}lgs dfldnfsf hfgsf/x¿ uDeL/ uNtL 7fG5g\ . k"j{ la|u]l8o/ hg/n nf]saxfb'/ 3n] eG5g\, æP8L;Lx¿n] o'j/fhsf s'ntsf af/]df ;f]‰} /fhf;dIf hfx]/ ug'{kg]{ lyof] . P8L;Lsf] t 8\o"6L g} xf] Tof] . xfdLn] /fhf dx]Gb|sf kfnfdf tTsfnLg o'j/fh jL/]Gb|sf ultljlwaf/] t hfx]/ ug'{kYof]{ .Æ 3n]n] ;]gfdf $$ jif{sf] cfˆgf] ;]jfsfndWo] #$ jif{ b/af/df P8L;L /x]/ sfd u/]sf lyP . 

k|fKt hfgsf/L cg';f/, @)$@ ;fndf P8L;L /x]sf tTsfnLg k|x/L O:k]S6/ 1fg]Gb| dxt -xfn 8LcfO{hL_ nfO{ o'j/fhnfO{ r'/f]6 vfg l;sfPsf] cf/f]k nufO{ kbfjlw l;l4g'cl3 g} b/af/af6 lgsflnPsf] lyof] . To;}tfsf, To:t} cf/f]kdf o'j/fhsf Pshgf cb{nL a'l4axfb'/ u'?ª klg ToxfFaf6 lgisfl;t ePsf lyP . t/ bz jif{cl3 d]h/åo uh]Gb| af]xf]/f / /fh's'df/ sfsL{ P8L;L ePkl5 a9\bf] pd]/;Fu} o'j/fhn] kfl/jfl/s 5"6 klg kfpFb} uP . Pp6} :s"n
-a'9fgLns07_ df k9]sf / ;djo ePsfn] af]xf]/f / sfsL{sf] o'j/fh;Fusf] ;DaGw P8L;Lsf] eGbf klg ;fyLsf] h:tf] lyof] .

/fhb/af/sf] ;'/Iff k|0ffnLnfO{ r':t / bx|f] agfpg] sfd /fhf dx]Gb|sf kfnfdf ePsf] lyof] . lj=;+= @)!& ;fnsf] sf08kZrft\ hgsk'/df /fhfdly ad k|xf/ ePkl5 /fhkl/jf/sf] ;'/Iffdf ljz]if Wofg k'¥ofpg yflnof] . To;j]nf;Dd =#* af]/sf] k'/fgf] lk:tf]n dfq kfPsf P8L;Lx¿nfO{ gofF / cfw'lgs xltof/x¿ pknAw u/fOof] . /, @)@& ;fndf cfP/
;]gf / s]xL ;ª\Vofdf k|x/Laf6 ;d]t\ 5fg]/ …Pln6 kmf];{Úsf ¿kdf …zfxL /Ifs ;}lgs k|x/LÚ u7g ul/of] .

To;avt g]kfn e|d0fdf cfPsL a]]nfotsL dxf/fgL Plnhfj]ynfO{ / To;kl5 c¿ b]zsf /fi6« k|d'vx¿nfO{ klg /fhb/jf/leq} /flvg yfn]kl5 ToxfFsf] ;'/Iff aGbf]a:tdf a9L Wofg lbg yflnPsf] lyof] . ToxL qmddf ;}lgs k|x/Lx¿nfO{ :jrflnt xftxltof/n] ;';lHht kfg'{sf ;fy} ltgnfO{ ljb]zdf / ljb]zL k|lzIfsåf/f :jb]zd} pRr k|sf/sf tflndx¿ lbOof] . of] qmd s]xL bzs otfb]lv rln g} /x]sf] lyof] / /fhb/af/sf] ;'/Iff Joj:yf qmdzM ;'b[9 kfb}{ nluPsf] lyof] . h;cg';f/ xfn ToxfF g]kfn k|x/L, zfxL /Ifs aflxgL, zfxL /Ifs ;}lgs k|x/L / zfxL kfZj{jtL{ ljefu;d]t u/]/ rf/ txsf] ;'/Iff 3]/f v8f ul/Psf] 5 .

/fhb/af/sf] kvf{naflx/ jl/kl/ lgu/fgL ug]{ sfd k|x/Lsf] lhDdfdf 5 . ;'/Iffs} sf/0f b]vfO{ ;f] If]q j/k/sf 3/x?df tnf yKg ;d]t lbOFb}g . b/af/sf u]6x¿ / kvf{nleq lglZrt :yfg;Dd ;]gfsf] zfxL /Ifs aflxgLn] ;'/Iff k|bfg u5{ . ;f] aflxgL cGtu{t xfn u'?ªx¿sf] afx'No /x]sf] sflnaxfb'/ u0f / du/x¿sf] afx'No ePsf] k'/fgf] uf]/v u0fsf u/L !%)) hlt l;kfxLx¿ t}gfy 5g\ . sflnaxfb'/ / uf]/vaxfb'/ u0fdWo] kfn}kfnf] s'g} Pp6f b/af/leq /xG5 eg] csf]{ ;]gfsf] …lsª\; Jofg/ k|ltof]lutfÚ lhTg] u0fn] b/af/df k|j]z kfpF5 . of] sf]6faf6 clxn] k'/fgf] uf]/v u0f /x]sf] 5 .

/fhb/af/leq klg lglZrt If]q dfq zfxL /Ifs aflxgLsf] lhDdfdf 5 . To;leq lghL lgjf; / sfof{no 5]p5fp ;'/Iffsf] t];|f] 3]/fsf ¿kdf #@) hgfsf] …zfxL /Ifs ;}lgs k|x/LÚ /xg] u5{ . clg ;'/Iff hfnf]sf] ;aeGbf dxŒjk"0f{ leqL 3]/fdf P8L;Lx¿ /xG5g\ .

tTsfnLg /fhf, /fgL, o'j/fh, clw/fhs'df/ / d'dfa8fdxf/fgLsf] ;'/Iffy{ la|u]l8o/ 6Lsf wdnfsf] g]t[Tjdf !) hgf P8L;Lx¿ lyPÙ kfFr hgf :yfoL, c¿ c:yfoL . c:yfoL P8L;Lx¿ ;]gf / k|x/Laf6 x/]s b'O{–b'O{ jif{df 5flgG5g\ . pgLx¿nfO{ 5fg]kl5 8]9 dlxgf nfdf] …eLeLcfO{kL ;'/Iff tflndÚ lbOG5, h;df zf/Ll/s / dfgl;s b'j} lsl;dsf k|lzIf0fx¿ k5{g\ . k"j{ k|d'v ;}lgs ;lrj dNn eG5g\, æP8L;L ;]jf eg]sf] :j]lR5s xf] . tflnd lbg'cl3 / lbO;s]kl5 klg cË/Ifssf] ;]jfsf nflu tof/ /x]sf] jf g/x]sf] eGg]af/] af/Daf/ ;f]lwG5 . P8L;L x'g grfxg]nfO{ clGtd cj:yfdf klg lkmtf{ k7fOG5 .Æ

36gfqmdsf] ;dLIff ubf{ ;'/IffsdL{x¿n] ;dod} ;ts{tf ckgfPsf] eP b/af/sf] b'3{6gf sdeGbf sd Ifltdf k'u]/ 6'lËg] ;Defjgf b]lvG5 . t/ clxn] cfP/ ckh;sf] cf/f]k Psn] csf{sf] yfKnf]dfly xfNg] xf]8afhL ;'? ePsf] 5 . cflv/ b/af/sf] ;'/Iffsf] lhDdf s;n] lng] t < ;}lgs ;lrj d]h/ hg/n ljj]ss'df/ zfxn] < P8L;L–rLkm la|u]l8o/ 6Lsf wdnfn] < ;}lgs k|x/Lsf sdf08/ s0f]{n s]zj/fh dxtn] < zfxL /Ifs aflxgLsf aflxgLklt
e/t /fodf‰Ln] < jf k|wfg;]gfklt k|HHjnzdz]/ ha/fn] <

lgZro klg, b/af/leq jf aflx/ hxfFsf eP klg b]zsf %) xhf/ ;]gfsf] sdf08/ eg]sf dxf/yL ha/f g} x'g\ . o; cy{df  pgsf] lhDd]jf/L c¿sf] eGbf :jtM dfly x'G5 . t/ k|wfg;]gfklt ha/fn] aofg lbg] qmddf ;j{yf gofF t/ u}/–lhDd]jf/ ts{ cl3 ;f/]sf 5g\M æ/fhb/af/sf] l;So'l/6L zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf] lhDd]jf/L xf]Og .Æ

xTofsf08sf 5fglag ;ldltx¿n] b/af/leqsf] ;}lgs ;'/Iffsf q'l6nfO{ cf}+NofPsf 5g\, t/ k|wfg;]gfklt ha/fsf] egfOn] b/af/;lxt b]zsf] ;Dk"0f{ ;'/Iffk|lt pQ/bfoL /x]sf] zfxL ;]gfsf] e"ldsfd} k|Zg p7fPsf] 5 . ;+j}wflgs, sfg"gL / Jofjxfl/s ¿kdf ;]gf s;sf] lgoGq0fdf 5 eGg] k'/fgf] c:ki6tfnfO{ o;n] km]l/ tfhf agfPsf] 5 . /, b/af/sf] ;'/Iff–k'g/fjnf]sg ul/Fbf ;]gfsf] lgoGq0f;DaGwL cGof}nsf] 6'Ëf] nufpg] af6f] klg vf]n]sf] 5 .