g]kfnsf] k"jL{ ;Ldfkfl/sf bfhL{lnª, ufGtf]s, sflnDkf]ª, v;f{ª / ldl/s h:tf kxf8L zx/x¿ k|fs[lts ;f}Gbo{ / ;'xfpFbf] df};dsf sf/0f cl3Nnf] ztfAbLdf rNtLsf …lxn :6]zgÚ aGgk'u] .t/ cr]n ToxfFsf] cfsif{0f klxn] ‰}F 5}g . To:tf] lsg eof] < casf] ;Defjgf s] 5 <

l/kf]6{ ;'wL/ zdf{÷tl:a/ dLg ah|frfo{

…klxn]sL /fgLÚM bfhL{lnª

Ps;do bfhL{lnª …kxf8sL /fgLÚ sxlnGYof] . t/ ca ef}uf]lns cjl:yltafx]s c¿ sf/0fn] of] pkgfd lbg g;'xfpg] eO;s]sf] 5 . 8]9 ;o jif{ k'/fgf] of] zx/ cf]/fnf] nfu]sf] nfUo} 5 .

bfhL{lnªdf a:tL a;fpg] >]o la|l6z clwsf/L 8f= cfy{/ SofDkj]nnfO{ hfG5, h;n] ;g\ !*#) sf] bzsd} ToxfF lxn :6]zgsf] k|f?k sf]/]sf lyP . p;a]nf rf/÷kfFr lbg nufP/ uf]?uf8fn] bfhL{lnªnfO{ l;nLu'8L;Fu hf]8\bYof] . ;g\ !**! df ;fgf] /]n k'u]kl5 t bfhL{lnª dw]z;Fu ;lhn} hf]l8of] . la:tf/} uf]?uf8fsf] af6f] klg df]6/ u'8\g] …lxnsf6{ /f]8Ú df kl/0ft eof] . sfnfGt/df bfhL{lnªn] ko{6g / lrofv]tLsf lgldQ k|l;l4 sdfof] . Tof] 7fpF l;h{gfsf] ynf]sf ¿kdf klg lrlgof] . :t/Lo z}lIfs ;+:yfx¿ ToxLF v'n] . g]kfn, ef/t, e"6fglt/sf y'k|} 3/flgofF kl/jf/sf 5f]/f5f]/Ln] ToxLF k9] . >L % jL/]Gb|sf] :s"n] hLjg klg ToxLF lat]sf] lyof] . gf6ssf/ afns[i0f ;dn] Psk6s eg]sf lyP /], æcfh bfhL{lnªn] h] ;f]R5, g]kfnn] Tof] s'/f $) jif{ k5fl8 dfq ;f]R5 .Æ

t/ clxn]sf] bfhL{lnª Tolt cufl8 5}g, %) jif{cl3 la|l6zx¿n] 5f8\bfs} ultdf lxFl8/x]sf] 5 . z}lIfs ;+:yfx¿df aflxl/of ljBfyL{sf] ;ª\Vof 36]sf] 5 . lrofv]tL ;':tfPsf] 5 . ko{6g klg plt;f/f] km:6fpg ;s]sf] 5}g . Jofkf/ Joj;fodf /}yfg]x¿ k5fl8 k/]sf 5g\ . ;'Gb/ zx/ cJojl:yt, ;fF3'/f] / kmf]xf]/L aGb} uPsf] 5 . ljs[lt / ck/fw ‰flËPsf] 5 .

t}klg s'lGg s] sf/0fn] xf], bfhL{lnªn] cfˆgf] cfsif{0f r6Ss} u'dfO;s]sf] rflxF 5}g . ToxfFsf] efiffsf] ljlrqsf] njh d]l6Psf] 5}g . km]zgdf pgLx¿ cufl8 g} 5g\ . o'jfk':tf plQs} km/fl;nf] 5 . df}sf kfpgf;fy ;fgf] s'/fnfO{ nDAofP/ …ukm lbg]Ú k'/fgf] afgL pgLx¿df x/fPsf] 5}g . 6fOu/ lxn, lxdfnog dfpG6]lgol/ª OlG:6Ro'6, g]r'/n lx:6«L Do'lhod, af]6flgsn uf8]{g, h'nf]lhsn kfs{, k'/fgf u'Dafx¿, /s uf8]{g / c¿ yf]s x]g{ w]/yf]/ ko{6sx¿ klg k'lu/x]s} 5g\ .

laxfg rf}/:tfdf 3'dlkm/ ug]{ / a]n'sf rf]sahf/df e]nf x'g] bfhL{lnª]x¿sf] k'/fgf] ?6Lg km]l/Psf] 5}g . k|]; Joj;foL bL3{/fh sf]O/fnfsf] egfOdf, bfhL{lnªsf] ljz]iftf eg]s} s'g} klg xfntdf …;fgÚ lug{ glbg' xf] . pgL eG5g\, æxfd|f
tGgd dfUg]x¿ ;d]t laxfg 6Gg cfn'bd / /f]6L vfP/ dfq dfUg lxF8\5g\ .Æ geGb,} laxfg uP/ x]¥of] eg] rf}/:tfsf] Pp6f s'gfdf /f]6Ldfly cfn'bd /fv]/ vfO/x]sf dfUg]x¿sf] nfd g} b]lvG5 .

l;lSsdsf] d'6'M ufGtf]s

kRrL; jif{ klxn];Dd cnu /fi6«sf] /fhwfgL /xFbf ufGtf]ssf] /fhgLlts /fhgLlts dxTj klg lyof]] . clxn] Pp6f ef/tLo k|fGtsf] /fhwfgL aGg k'Ubf ;f] kxf8L zx/sf] kl/ro rNtLsf] ko{6sLo uGtJodf ;Lldt ePsf] 5 .

s~rghª\3fsf] ;fd'Gg] /x]sf] ufGtf]s, 8fF8fdfly ndtGg ;'t]sf] h:tf] b]lvG5, ahf/sf] cUnf] efu u0f]z–6f]saf6 x]bf{ . lxhf] / cfhsf zlQm–s]Gb|x¿ /fhb/af/, tfl;lnª / ldG6f]uª qmd};Fu b]lvG5g\ . …tfl;lnªÚnfO{ l;lSsdsf] l;+xb/af/ eGbf klg x'G5 . /fHo ;/sf/sf] ;lrjfno /x]sf] ;f] ejgdf ;bf rxnkxn /xG5 . …ldG6f]uªÚ cyf{t\ d'VodGqLsf] lgjf;:yfg t /fhgLlts l/df]6 sG6«f]n g} eOxfNof] . ;'g;fg 5 t s]jn l;lSsd] /fhfsf] b/af/, hxfF ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ k|j]z jlh{t 5 .

ufGtf]s / k"/} l;lSsd bfhL{lnª–dfkm{t afFsL ef/t;Fu hf]l8Psf] 5 . bfhL{lnª lhNnfsf] lnv'eL/df af/Daf/ hfg] klx/f]n] dfq xf]Og, bfhL{lnªdf eO/xg] x8\tfnaf6 klg l;lSsd a]nfavt …gfsfaGbLÚdf k5{ .

ufGtf]sjf;Lx¿ ltAat;Fusf] k'/fgf] Jofkfl/s gfsf km]l/ v'n]df pGgltsf] 9f]sf v'Ng] 7fG5g\ . ufGtf]saf6 %@ ls=dL= k"j{–pQ/df gfy'nf gfsf /x]sf] 5, hf] ef/t–rLgaLrsf] dxTjk"0f{ Jofkfl/s gfsf xf] t/ b'O{ b]zdf‰ o'4 ePb]lv Tof] aGb 5 . b'O{lt/} ;8s k'u]sf] 5 t/ cfjthfjt 5}g .

ef/tsf] /fli6«o /fhdfu{ #!–P l;nLu'8Laf6 ufGtf]s x'Fb} gfy'nf;Dd} k'U5, b"/L b'O{ ;o ls=dL= eGbf sd 5 . l;nLu'8Laf6 Nxf;f;Dds} b"/L klg %&& ls=dL= dfq 5 . l;nLu'8Laf6 ef/tsf] s'gfs'gf;Dd /]nj] ;~hfn km}lnPsf] 5 / glhs} afu8f]u|fdf cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:yn klg aGb}5 . l;nLu'8Ldf Jofkfl/s k"jf{wf/ tof/ /x]sfn] eljio ;'lglZrt ePsf] gfy'nf gfsf v'Ngf;fy klxnf] kmfObf ufGtf]sn] p7fpg ;Sg]5 .

To;af6 l;lSsd] hghLjgdf Jofks km]/abn cfpg;S5 . ufGtf]s ufGtf]s dxTjk"0f{ Jofkfl/s laGb' aGg]5 . ef/taf6 ltAat hfg] gofF ko{6sLo ?6 ljsl;t x'g]5 . l;lSsdsf k"j{ d'VodGqL aL=aL= u'?ª pT;flxt x'Fb} eG5g\, æTof] 6«]8 ?6 v'n]kl5 l;lSsdsf] efUof]bo x'g]5 .Æ

plxn] l;lSsd, e"6fg / ltAatsf sfnf]gx¿ cyf{t\ ;/sf/L b"tx¿ e]nf x'g] ePsfn] sflnDkf]ª gfd kfPsf] bflh{lnª lhNnfsf] Pp6f zx/ kl5 uP/ o:tf] rNtLsf] lxn :6]zg aGg k'Uof], ToxfF ;+;f/sf] s'gfs'gfaf6 dfG5]x¿ cf]Ol/P .

sflnDkf]ªsf] cGbfhL $) xhf/sf] hg;ª\Vofdf g]kfnLafx]s n]Krf, ltAatL, lrlgofF, aËfnL cflb cg]s hflt /x]sf 5g\ . ToxfF klxn]b]lv g} b'O{ ;o hlt lrlgofF kl/jf/x¿sf] …cfZro{nfUbf]Ú a;f]af; 5 . ltAatL z/0ffyL{x¿ ‰g\ a9L 5g\ . b'j} hfltsf] k]zf d"ntM Pp6} 5, Jofkf/–Joj;fo . x/]s jif{ !) dfr{df ltAatLx¿n] c¿lt/ h:t} ToxfF klg rLglj/f]wL k|bz{g u5{g\ / lrlgofF ;fdfg hnfpF5g\ . t/ sflnDkf]ª] lrlgofFx¿;Fu pgLx¿sf] s'g} j}/efj b]lvFb}g . a? ltAatL / g]kfnLx¿sf] ;DaGw lr;f] 5 . cNk;ª\Vos n]Krfx¿ eg] g]kfnL ;d'bfodf k"/} 3'nldn ePsf 5g\ .

sflnDkf]ªnfO{ eu'jfx¿sf] zx/ klg eGg] ul/G5 . t]x|f}F bnfO{ nfdfb]lv adf{sf ckb:y /fhf lyjf];Ddn] ToxfF z/0f lnP . efu]/ cfPsf ckmufg /fhf cdfg'Nnfxn] ef/tLo k||wfgdGqL hjfx/nfn g]x¿sf] ;Nnfxadf]lhd sflnDkf]ªd} uO{ afFsL hLjg latfPsf lyP . pgsf b'O{ hgf 5f]/Lx¿ clxn] klg ToxfFsf] …gLxfl/sf lgjf;Ú df a:5g\ . s'g} a]nf u|L;, 8]lg; / tftf/ /fhs'df/x¿sf] a;f]af; ToxLF lyof] . xË]/Lsf k]G6/ Pg]tf]:nfe /f]ol/r / pgsL kTgL aËfnL cleg]qL b]ljsf/fgLsf] lgjf; …qm's'6LÚ clxn] phf8 5 . …;/ns xf]D;Úsf lgdf{tfsf 5f]/f 8]lg; sfgg 8fon 3'Db} ToxLF k'u]sf lyP . slj /jLGb|gfy 6]uf}/ a;]sf] …uf}/Lk'/ xfp;Ú lxhf]cfh ;'g;fg 5 .

e"6fgsf /fhfsL cfdf dxf/fgL r'DdL bf]hL{ d[To'ko{Gt ToxLF al;g\ . e"6fgL ‰08f kmx/fO/xg] pgsf] …e"6fg xfp;Ú df c‰ klg e"6fgL / ef/tLo ;}lgsx¿sf] bf]xf]/f] kx/f b]lvG5 . sflnDkf]ª ahf/sf s]xL 3/x¿ e"6fgL /fhkl/jf/s} gfddf /x]sf 5g\ . ToxfF klZrdf z}nLsf pklgj]zsfnLg 3/x¿ k|z:t 5g\ . u|L; /fhs'df/n] k|of]ufTds 9Ën] agfPsf] …u|L; sf]7LÚ uf]vf{Nof08 cfGbf]ngsf a]nf ghNbf;Dd ;2] g} lyof] . df]8g{ xfp;]; ckm Ol08of df clÍt p;a]nfsf] k|Voft …df]u{g xfp;Ú cr]n ;/sf/L u]i6–xfp;df ?kfGtl/t ePsf] 5 .

n]vs, cg';Gwfgstf{, hf;"; / klZrdL b'lgofFsf o:tf c¿ w]/}n] sflnDkf]ªnfO{ olt cf}lw ?rfpg'sf] /x:o s;}n] vf]tn]df /f]rs x'g;S5 . rLgn] ;g\ !(^) df sflnDkf]ª æu'Ktr/x¿sf] s]Gb| tyf ltAatL ljb|f]xLx¿sf] pb\ud:yn ePsf]Æ cf/f]k nufPsf] lyof] . tLg bzscl3 g]kfnsf] d':tfªdf rLglj?4 n8\g y'kfl/Psf w]/} ltAatL vDkfx¿ sflnDkf]ªlt/} e]nf kf/]/ NofOPsf] lyof] .

sflnDkf]ªsf] ltAat;Fu k'/fgf] ;DaGw /x]sf] 5 . ToxfFaf6 Nxf;f #%) dfOn pQ/df k5{ . la|l6zx¿n] ;g\ !()) df Nxf;f hfg] h]n]knf gfsf vf]n]kl5 ef/t–ltAat Jofkf/ df}nfP/ uof] . kl5 !(%$ df sDo'lgi6 rLgn] klg sflnDkf]ªdf …rfOlgh 6«]8 Ph]G;LÚ g} vf]Nof] . t/ !(^@ sf] cfk;L o'4kl5 tL d'n'sdf‰sf] Jofkf/ / ;f] Ph]G;L b'j} aGb eof] .

ef/tLo kqsf/ ;'gGbf s]= bQ /fon] cfˆgf] k':ts :Dof; P08 u]|j df n]v]sf 5g\, æef/t / rLgn] 9f]sf aGb gu?~h]n cfwf ztfAbL;Dd sflnDkf]ªsf] uf}/j /Xof] . Ps ;dodf Pl;ofsf] clt Jo:t /fhdfu{df kg]{ xnrnsf] s]Gb|sf] ¿kdf /x]sf] of] zx/ Pp6f kl/ToQm cFWof/f] uNnL eP/ c:tfof] .Æ zfob To;otf sflnDkf]ªn] slxn] klg cFWof/f] uNnLaf6 pDsg] cj;/ kfPg . n

km]l/Psf] ;fgf] /]n