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s]xL ;dob]lv zflGt–;'/Iffsf] ;jfn p7\g] ljlQs} ;a}sf] Wofg dfcf]jfbL lx+;f, ljikmf]6g / n'6kf6df dfq s]lGb|t x'G5 . ck/fwsf k/Dk/fut sf/s– k]z]j/ 8fFsf, t:s/, rf]/, n'6]/f, u'08f, abdf; lal;{OPsf 5g\ . jL/u~h–kyn}ofsf] cf}Bf]lus a]N6df s]xL ;dootf lg/Gt/ ePsf n'6kf6 / lx+;fsf 36gfnfO{ l;+xb/af/ / /fhwfgLn] dfcf]jfbLs} x/st 7fg]/ cfFvf lrlDnFb} cfPsf] 5 . xfd|f] :ynut vf]hsf qmddf, To; If]qdf ePsf n'6 / ljikmf]6sf 36gfdf dfcf]jfbL x}g g]kfn / ef/tsf k]z]j/ ck/fwL / 8fFsfsf] :ki6 v]n km]nf k¥of] . pBf]uklt, k|x/L k|zf;gn] klg oxL s'/f :jLsf/ u/] . t/, ltgn] of] tYo klxNo} lsg ;fj{hlgs ¿kdf :ki6 kf/]gg\ < clg dfcf]jfbLx¿n] lsg :ki6Ls/0f lbPgg\– cfˆgf] ;+nUgtf 5}g eg]/ <

cftlÍt af/f, k;f{
( sflQs l;d/f -af/f_ sf uf]kfnaxfb'/ a:g]tsf] 3/df 8s}tL tyf
-@)%&_ s'6lk6 .
!) sflQs jL/u~h pk–dxfgu/kflnsf–!^, /fw]dfO{sf l8NnLljqmd sfsL{sf] 3/df 8s}tL, 8fFsfåf/f /d]z kf]v/]nsf] xTof .
!! sflQs af/f, k|;f}gfsf /fdrGb| rf}w/Lsf] ckx/0f / xTof .
!^ sflQs jL/u~h pdgkf–!* sf ljdn dfgGw/sf] 3/df 8s}tL .
!^ sflQs l;d/f 8'd/jfgf–* sf s[i0f v8\sfsf] 3/df 8s}tL .
!& sflQs lnkgLdfnl:yt ;"o{ 6]S;6fondf rf]/L .
!& sflQs lnkgLdfns} cGgk"0ff{ e]lh6]an k|f=ln= Pj+ lqj]0fL l;Gy]l6s ofg{df 8s}tLsf] k|of; .
@) sflQs af/f, 5ftflkk/fsf] lqj]0fL Knf:6f] kf]lnd;{ / lqj]0fL l;gKofS;df %)÷^) hgfsf] ;d"xåf/f cfqmd0f .
@^ sflQs jL/u+hsf] afnfhL cf]e/l;hsf] cfbz{gu/, kfgL6+sLl:yt uf]bfddf @)÷@% hgf xftxltof/wf/Laf6 uf]bfd kmf]/]/ *)) s]=hL= cn}+rL n'6 .
@^ sflQs jL/u~h /fgL3f6df lbpF;} ef/tLo ck/fwL 6'g6'g l;+xsf] xTof .
@& sflQs jL/u~h dxfjL/ /fO; ldn cufl8sf] d'Vo ;8sdf ;'ud kl/jxg 6«fG;kf]6{sf b'O{hgf sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ lbgbxf8} n'6 .
!@ dª\l;/ l;d/f}gu9 ;g'jfxLsf 8f= 5ljnfn k|;fbsf] elthf ckx/0fsf/Laf6 d'Qm . af/f, >Lgu/sf hut l;+x rgpsf] !) jifL{of 5f]/f e/t l;+xsf] ckx/0f .
@! dª\l;/ af/f, dgxjf{–# sf /fh]Gb| ofbjsf] ckx/0f .
@@ dª\l;/ af/f, ltqf}gfsf] r}gk'/df uf]nL xfgL !) jifL{o zdf{ xh/fsf] xTof .
@$ dª\l;/ hLtk'/ ahf/sf] d'Vorf]sdf /fh]Gb| lu/Lsf] k;ndf 8s}tL .
@( dª\l;/ l;d/f}gu9df hols;g dxtf]sf] xTof .
! k'; jL/u~hsf ;Gtf]if :j0f{sf/sf] ckx/0f .
@ k'; af/fsf] hLtk'/ klZrd, rf]gL{ uf=lj=;+=, a9gu/sf eQmaxfb'/ e08f/Lsf] 3/df ad la:kmf]6 .
# k'; af/f, srf]jf{ uflj;sf ;'uGwL ;fx snjf/sf] 3/df $)–%) xltof/wf/Lx¿åf/f 8s}tL .
* k'; lqj]0fL u|'ksf jL/]Gb| ;+3Osf] jL/u+h, cfbz{gu/sf] uf]bfdaf6 cn}+rL / abfd n'6 .
* k'; jL/u~hsf /fh]z sfbldofFsf] ckx/0f .
!$ k'; jL/u+hsf dxfjL/ cu|jfnsf] !$ jifL{o 5f]/f ;'lgn cu|jfnnfO{ ckx/0f ug]{ c;kmn k|of; .
!( k'; l;d/fsf] x'nf; :6Ln tyf g]kfn af]8{;sf] xftfaf6 s/La Ps lsnf] tf}nsf @ yfg zlQmzfnL ad a/fdb .
!( k'; k;f{sf] lj?jf u'7Lsf /fd/fh rf}w/Lsf] 3/df dfcf]jfbLx¿åf/f æhgsf/jfxLÆ .
@) k'; jL/u+h, dfO{:yfgsf] df]xg dfs]{6df /x]sf] Pe/]i6 lk|lG6ª k|];af6 % yfg zlQmzfnL ad, Pp6f lk:tf]n, !) yfg uf]nL, !! yfg vf]vf, & yfg 6f]6f nufotsf lj:kmf]6s kbfy{ a/fdb .
@@ k'; jL/u+h u08sl:yt afnfhL k]6«f]s]d O08l:6«hsf] uf]bfddf /flt !@ ah] b'O{k6s cfqmd0f / cfunfuL .
@ df3 k;f{, k/]jf ;'uf}nL uf=lj=;=sf] ky/}of ufpFdf dGqL ;'/]Gb|k|;fb rf}w/Lsf] 3/df dfcf]jfbLx¿åf/f cfqmd0f, gub n'6kf6 tyf s'6lk6 .
$ df3 hLtk'/af6 gfafns z]v /fhfafa'sf] ckx/0f .
% df3 Hof]lt :kLlgË ldN;df dhb'/nfO{ Hofnf afF8\bf afF8\b} $)–%) hgf ;z:q hTyfåf/f ?=* nfv gub n'6 .
& df3 jL/u~haf6 Pdfn] gu/ ;lrj jL/]Gb| Gof}kfg]nfO{ ckx/0f ug]{ c;kmn k|of; .
!! df3 jL/u~h, Ogjf{ hfFbf t:s/x¿af6 k;f{sf P;\=kL= 3]/fp .
@! df3 pBf]uklt >j0f ?ª\6fnfO{ ckx/0f ug]{ k|of; .

;|f]tM k|x/L, kqklqsf / cGo .

df]xg d}gfnL÷rGb|lszf]/

jL/u~h . gfRgsf nflu d~r / gfr x]g{ x'g] lsl;dn] 6]a'n–s';L{ ldnfOPsf jL/u~hsf 8fG;–/]:6'/]G6df cfhef]ln s]6Lx¿ gfRb}gg\, uLt ufpF5g\ dfq} . bz{s ttfpg] gfr / To;}sf ;'/df ;'/f lknfpg] sfd klg x'Fb}g . t/ bz{s, gt{sL / ;'/f geP/ o;f] ePsf] x}g . sf/0f t lhNnf k|zf;gsf] lgif]wf1f xf] . ck/fwLx¿nfO{ hd36 x'g] 7fpF ldNof] eg]/ /]:6'/]G6df 8fG; ug{ k|ltaGw nufOPsf] k|zf;gsf] syg 5 . t/ ck/fw s] 36\Yof] <

/flt !! ah]kl5 lxF8\g] dflg;x¿nfO{ ;f]wk'5 ug{] ul/G5– ck/fwL kQf nufpg . ;fF‰ k/]kl5 nfO;]G; ePsf xltof/ lnP/ lxF8\g klg lbOFb}g . olt dfq} x}g, dfn af]s]sf uf8LnfO{ klg /flt !! ah]b]lv laxfg $ ah];Dd ;8sdf lxF8\g lhNnf k|zf;gn] /f]s]sf] 5 . of] cfb]z gdfGg]nfO{ /f]Sg an k|of]u ug{] clwsf/ k|x/LnfO{ lbOPsf] 5 . jL/u~h– kyn}of ;8sdf /flt * b]lv laxfg $ ah];Dd df]afOn 6]lnkmf]g lnPsf ;z:q k|x/L u:tL u5{g\ . t}klg ck/fwLx¿sf] pT;fx / ck/fwsf] ;ª\Vof a9]sf] a9\o} 5 . ;D;fF‰}, sf/vfgfsf dhb'/sf] eL8af6 Hofnf n'l6G5 . dflg; ckx/0f u/]/ k};f c;'Ng] sfdnfO{ t oxfFsf ck/fwLx¿n] lgoldt k]zf g} agfPsf 5g\ . af/f / k;f{ lhNnfdf clxn] Jofkf/L, pBf]uklt, /fhgLlt1 / ;j{;fwf/0f dfq geO{ ;'/Iff clwsf/Lx¿ ;d]t cfkm"nfO{ ;'/lIft dx;"; ul//x]sf kfOFb}gg\ . sxfF, slt j]nf, s]6fs]6L ckx/0f x'g] x'g\, s'g sf/vfgfdf ad k8\sfOg] xf], cfuf] nufOg] xf] jf ;DklQ n'l6Og] xf] eGg] 8/n] ;tfOPsf 5g\ ;a}hgf . ælaxfg lxF8]sf] dfG5] j]n'sf ;s'zn kms{G5 kms{b}g, 6'Ëf] 5}g,Æ jL/u~h pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3sf ;lrj /d]z e§/fO{ eG5g\ .

o;af6 b]zsf] cfly{s nufgLsf b[li6n] ;a}eGbf cfsif{s / tLa| ultdf cf}Bf]uLs/0f eO/x]sf] jL/u~h–kyn}of …a]N6Úsf] eljio clglZrt x'g yfn]sf] 5 . cfoft lgof{tsf nflu g]kfnsf] ;a}eGbf Jo:t gfsf / b]zsf] Psdfq ;'Vvf aGb/ufx lgdf{0f ePsf] o; If]qsf] zflGt;'/Iffsf] lau|Fbf] l:yltn] lgs6 eljiodf :yfkgf ug{ vf]lhPsf] lgof{t k|a4{g s]Gb|sf] ;DefjgfnfO{ klg layf]Ng] ;Í]t lbg yfn]sf] 5 . o;af6 oxfFsf @%) eGbf a9L 7"nf–;fgf cf}Bf]lus k|lti7fgdf ePsf] c/af}+sf] nufgL / ltgdf sfd ug{] @)÷@% xhf/ dhb'/x¿ k|ToIf ¿kdf k|efljt x'g]5g\ .

æhlt czfGt elgPsf] 5 Tolt 5}g, zflGt;'/Iffsf] l:ylt ;Gtf]ifhgs geP klg c;Gtf]ifhgs 5}g,Æ kbLo bfloTjn] ubf{ zflGt;'/Iff lau|]sf] s'/f 3'dfP/ dfq :jLsf/ ug{ jfWo k;f{sf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L bf]nvaxfb'/ u'?ª afx]s c¿ ;a} v'n]/} :jLsf/ u5{g\– ck/fw a9]sf] 5, czflGt a9]sf] 5 . k;f{sf P;\=kL= Zofds[i0f sdf{rfo{sf cg';f/, ;ª\Vofsf b[li6n] t ck/fw a9]sf] 5}g t/ uDeL/ k|s[ltsf ck/fw a9]sf 5g\ . /, Tof]eGbf klg 8/nfUbf] kIf ck/fwLx¿sf] cfF6 cToGt} a9]sf] 5 . ck/fwLx¿ oxfF ;f]lrP eGbf alnof ePsf 5g\ eGg] s'/f jL/u~hdf @! df3df pBf]uklt >j0fs'df/ ?ª\6fnfO{ ckx/0f ug{ ul/Psf] k|of;n] 5n{ª\UofpF5 . lsgeg], !! df3df af/f lhNnfsf] lghu9 glhssf] hËndf k;f{sf % hgf 8fFsfx¿nfO{ k|x/Ln] df/]kl5 s]xL ;do;Dd ck/fwsf 36gf sd x'g] s'/fdf k;f{af;L / k|zf;g ;d]t 9'Ss lyP . t/ To;sf] nuQ} ?ª\6fnfO{ ckx/0f ug]{ k|of; ul/of] .

s;n] ul//x]5 o:tf ck/fw– dfcf]jfbLn] < uPsf] h]7lt/ ;"o{ 6f]afsf] -l;d/f_, g]kfn lne/ -x]6f}+8f_, sf]nu]6 kfNdf]lne g]kfn -x]6f}+8f_ h:tf ax'/fli6«o sDkgLnfO{ ;}4flGts cfwf/df dfcf]jfbLn] cfqmd0f u/]sf eP klg To; cl3 / kl5 jL/u~h–kyn}of If]qsf pBf]udf ePsf 8s}tL, la:kmf]6g / n'6kf6sf bh{gf}F jf/bftdf pgLx¿sf] ;+nUgtfnfO{ sf]xL klg v'nf ¿kdf :jLsfb{}g . æsf/vfgf / pBf]uklt, Jofkf/Ldfly eO/x]sf] cfqmd0f, n'6kf6df dfcf]jfbL ;+nUg ePsf] hfgsf/L xfdLsxfF cfPsf] 5}g,Æ k|lhc u'?ª eG5g\ . cfqmd0faf6 ;a}eGbf a9L Iflt Joxf]/]sf] lqj]0fL u|'ksf sfo{sf/L lgb{]zs pd]zrGb| 7fs'/ eG5g\, ædfcf]jfbLn] cfqmd0f u/]sf xf]Ogg\ .Æ x'g klg g]kfnL sfª\u|];sf ;'/]Gb|k|;fb rf}w/L / lj?jfu'7Lsf /fd/fh rf}w/LsxfF /fhg}lts p2]Zon] ul/Psf] cfqmd0f afx]s oxfFsf cGo 36gfsf] cf}krfl/s lhDd]jf/L dfcf]jfbLx¿n] lnPsf 5}gg\ .

nfdf] ;dob]lv cf}Bf]lus ;'/Iffsf] s'/f p7fO/x]sf pBf]uklt kbd Hof]lt / /fh]Gb| v]tfg klg o; If]qsf pBf]udf lg/Gt/ eO/x]sf n'6kf6 / tf]8kmf]8sf 36gfdf dfcf]jfbLsf] ;+nUgtf g/x]sf] atfpF5g\ . Hof]ltsf] k/jfgLk'/l:yt :kLlgª ldndf uPsf] Psjif{ leqdf t];|f]k6s cfqmd0f eO;s]sf] 5 .

cGoq h:t} of] If]qsf pBf]udf klg Joj:yfkg–dhb'/aLr tgfj 5 . st} To:tf ck/fwdf c;Gt'i6 dhb'/ / 6«]8 o'lgogx¿sf] xft 5 ls < :yfgLo k|zf;gn] 7fg]h:t}, dhb'/ / Joj:yfkgaLr ;DaGw lr;f] ePaf6 c¿nfO{ kmfObf k'u]sf] x'g;Snf t/ of] g} clxn]sf] czflGtsf] sf/0f eg] xf]Og . jL/u~h pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3sf t[tLo pkfWoIf tyf /f]huf/bftf kl/ifbsf cWoIf pd]zrGb| 7fs'/ eG5g\, æ/f]huf/bftf / dhb'/aLrsf] ;DaGw o:tf 36gf x'g] xb;Dd lau|]sf] 5}g .Æ

o;af6 :ki6 x'G5, af/f / k;f{sf vf;u/L pBdL÷Joj;foLnfO{ cftlÍt kfg{] 36gfdf d"ntM :yfgLo / ;LdfjtL{ If]qsf 8fFsf / t:s/ lu/f]xx¿sf] xft 5 . hfgsf/x¿sf cg';f/, k6gfsf] ;QfkIfn] lt/:sf/ u/]sf @)) hlt 8fFsf tyf t:s/x¿ s]xL ;dob]lv jL/u~hdf ;lqmo x'g yfn]sf x'g\ . ;Ldfd} hf]l8Psf] jL/u~hdf ck/fw u/]/ ef/ttkm{ efUg jf ef/taf6 otf cfP/ rf]/L, 8s}tL / dfG5] ckx/0f ug{ k6Ss} ufx|f] 5}g . o;dfly klxNo}b]lv ;lqmo :yfgLo 8fFsf tyf t:s/x¿ klg o;df ;fd]n 5g\ .

o;/L cftÍ km}ng'df w]/}n] ljZjf; u/]h:tf] g]kfn–ef/t aLrsf] v'Nnf ;Ldf t klxNo}b]lv lhDd]jf/ 5Fb}lyof] clxn] cfP/ o;df /fhg}lts bnx¿ klg d'l5Psf 5g\ lsgeg] pgLx¿n] 8fFsf, xTof/f / n'6]/fnfO{ ;+/If0f lbPsf 5g\ .
/fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{, k;f{sf g]tf uf]kfn lu/L eG5g\, æs'g} klg kf6L{ rf]vf 5}gg\ . pgLx¿n] ck/fwLnfO{ sfvL Rofk]sf 5g\ .Æ lu/Lsf] egfOdf kf6L{x¿nfO{ rflxg] ef]6 / k};f b'j}sf] cfk"lt{ ck/fwLaf6 eO/x]sf] 5, h'g Uofªsf] kf6L{ ;Qfdf x'G5 ToxL Uofª zlQmzfnL eP/ pkb|f] dRrfpF5 .

g]kfnL sfª\u|];, k;f{sf ;efklt /fh]Gb| axfb'/ cdfTon] z'?df t æljkIfLx¿n] ;+/If0f u/]sf] eP yfxf 5}g, xfdLn] rflxF u/]sf 5}gf+}Æ eg] . t/ s'Voft ef/tLo 8fFsf 6'g6'g l;+x -;Gtf]if k|;fb_ sf] s'/f lgsfn]kl5 eg] pgn] :jLsf/ u/], æ6'g6'gnfO{ /fhg}lts ;+/If0f k|fKt lyof] eGg] ;'g]sf] x'F, pm jL/u~hdf v'Nnf ¿kdf lxF88'n uYof{], /fhgLlts ;+/If0f gePsf] eP Tof] s;/L ;Dej x'GYof] / <Æ ;QfkIfn] rfx]sf] eP k|ltkIfn] ;+/If0f u/]sf] eP klg p;nfO{ sf/afxL ug{ ;SYof] . t/ To;f] ePg eGg'sf] cy{ ;QfkIfsf /fhgLlts JolQmaf6} p;n] ;+/If0f kfPsf] :ki6 x'G5 . ef/tdf ljleGg ck/fw u/]kl5 ToxfF l6Sg g;s]/ g]kfn k;]sf] 6'g6'g l;+x c9fO jif{b]lv jL/u~hd} al;/x]sf] lyof] . p;nfO{ df]6/;fOsndf cfPsf ef/tLo ck/fwLx¿n] @^ sflQs, @)%& df jL/u~h pk–dxfgu/kflnsf–!$ df lbpF;} uf]nL xfgL df/] .

g]kfnL sfª\u|];sf] xfn} ;DkGg dxflwj]zgdf bf];|f] a9L dt Nofpg] g]tf v'daxfb'/ v8\sf;Fu 6'g6'gsf] p7a; lyof] eg]/ jL/u~haf;Lx¿ eG5g\ . 6'g6'g dfl/g' s]xL lbgcl3 klg k"j{u[xdGqL v'daxfb'/n] jL/u~hd} p;nfO{ e]6]sf lyP .
ef/tLo ck/fwL dfq xf]Og cbfntn] s;'/bf/ 7fgL @) jif{sf] h]n ;hfo tf]s]sf g]kfnL 8fFsfx¿ klg /fhgLlts, k|zf;lgs ;+/If0f kfP/ ck/fw–wGbfdf ;+nUg 5g\ . pgLx¿df c;kmL{, ;tg, /fhjnL cflb k|d'v dflgG5g\ . æ;Qf?9 bnaf6 ;+/If0f gkfPsf] eP pgLx¿ s;/L v'Nnf ¿kdf lxF8\g ;Sy] <Æ g]skf -Pdfn]_ sf k;f{ lhNnf sld6Lsf ;lrj /fdrGb| ;fx eG5g\ . ;fxsf cg';f/ o:tf ck/fwLx¿ ;Fw} ;Qf;Lgx¿sf] ;+/If0f lng] k|of; u5{g\ . æPdfn]sf] ;/sf/ aGof] eg] pgLx¿ xfd|f] ;+/If0fdf cfpg vf]H5g\,Æ ;fx eG5g\ . ;fxsf] of] cg'ej Pdfn]n] Psk6s Psnf}6L / b'O{ k6s ;f‰]bf/Ldf ;Qf rnfPsf j]nfsf] xf] . t/ o;sf] cy{ k|ltkIfdf /x]sf bnx¿n] ck/fwLnfO{ /fhg}lts ;+/If0f lbFb}gg\ eGg] xf]Og . pgLx¿n] klg cfˆgf ck/fwLnfO{ uR5] cg';f/sf] ;+/If0f k|bfg ul//x]sf 5g\ .

k~rfotsfndf z'? ePsf] ck/fwLx¿ /fhgLltsf] ;xf/f lng] rng clxn] Jofks ¿kdf a9]sf] 5 . /fhgLlts kf6L{df pgLx¿sf] ks8 lbg k/lbg alnof] eO/x]sf] 5 . k;f{, If]q g+= $ af6 g]kfnL sfª\u|]; dxf;ldlt ;b:odf lgjf{lrt tLg dWo]sf Pshgf hflnd ldofFnfO{ k;f{sf /fhg}lts bn, k|zf;g / :yfgLo dflg;x¿n] ck/fwsdL{sf ¿kdf lrG5g\ . pgn] g]kfnL sfª\u|];sf] kf]v/f dxflwj]zgdf kf6L{sf] gLlt lgdf{0f / g]t[Tj rogdf ;lqmo e"ldsf v]n] . pgL o; eGbf cl3 g} g]kfnL sfª\u|];sf tkm{af6 lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] ;b:o 5g\ .

;+;bdf k|d'v k|ltkIfL bn g]skf -Pdfn]_ klg ck/fwLnfO{ gLlt lgdf{0fsf] txdf ;+nUg u/fpg] sfddf sfª\u|];;Fu k|lt:kwf{ ul//x]sf] b]lvG5 . k;f{ lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltsf] pk;efkltdf Pdfn]sf tkm{af6 ljhoL Og/ ofbjnfO{ /fhgLlts JolQm dfGg k;f{af;L tof/ 5}gg\ . Pdfn], af/f lhNnf sld6Lsf tTsfnLg pk;lrj tyf Pdfn]s} l6s6df lgjf{lrt af/f lhlj; ;b:o lqnf]sL rf}w/LnfO{ t]tl/ofdf ePsf] 8s}tL sf08df k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/]sf] lyof] . To;kl5 eg] kf6L{n] nfh hf]ufpg pgnfO{ pk;lrjaf6 lgisfzg u¥of] .

k|x/Lsf] s]Gb|Lo tyf If]qLo g]t[Tjsf] klg ck/fwL;Fu ldn]dtf] ePsf] cg'ej k;f{af;Lx¿sf] 5 . æxfd|f] kf6L{ ;/sf/df 5Fbf k|x/L dxflg/LIfs;Fu e]6]/ k;f{sf 8fFsfx¿sf] ultljlw lgoGq0f ug{ cg'/f]w u/]sf lyof}+ . t/ pxfFn] 8fFsfx¿n] zflGt ;'/Iff sfod ug{ ;xof]u u/]sf 5g\, h'g lbg xfdLnfO{ ;xof]u ug{ 5f8\5g\ To;lbg kqmG5f}+ eGg'eof] . k|x/L dxflg/LIfsn] h] eg] klg pgLx¿s} cf8df 8s}tL eO/x]sf] 5,Æ Pdfn] k;f{ lhNnf sld6Lsf ;lrj ;fx eG5g\ .
;fdfGotof, axfnjfnf k|x/L tyf k|zf;snfO{ b'idg gagfpg] Jofkf/L, pBf]uklt dfq xf]Og ;j{;fwf/0f :yfgLo afl;Gbf klg af/f / k;f{sf lhNnf / gf/fo0fL c~rn txsf] k|x/L g]t[TjnfO{ bf]if nufpFb}gg\ . a? ck/fwLx¿;Fu ;fF7ufF7 u/]sf] eg]/ k|x/Lsf] s]Gb|Lo / If]qLo g]t[Tjlt/ cf}+nf 78\ofpF5g\ . pgLx¿sf cg';f/, /fhgLlts / k|x/L g]t[Tjn] :yfgLo k|x/L / k|zf;gsf] xft afFlwlbPsf] 5 . æ/fhg}lts x:tIf]k ljNs'n} 5}g eGg ;lSbgF t/ k|ToIf ¿kdf ;+/If0f b] eg]/ eGg ;s]sf 5}gg\,Æ k;f{sf P;\kL Zofds[i0f sdf{rfo{ eG5g\ .

;'/IffsdL{x¿sf] lz/ lgx'/]sf j]nfdf dfcf]jfbLx¿sf] a9\bf] k|efjn] klg zflGt ;'/Iffsf] cj:yf v:sgdf d2t k'¥ofPsf] 5 . xftxltof/ lnPsf jf 7"nf] :j/n] af]Ng] dfG5] cfpg] ljlQs} h:tf];'s} ;fgf] ;d"x eP klg dfcf]jfbL cfP eg]/ k|ltsf/ ug{ 8/fpg] cfd dgl:ylt ag]sf] 5 . o;sf] kmfObf klg t:s/x¿n] p7fO/x]sf 5g\ . k6s k6s eO/xg] aGb / dfcf]jfbLn] ug{] æhgsf/afxLÆ df k|x/Lx¿ Ao:t x'g] x'Fbf klg ck/fwLx¿nfO{ cftÍ dRrfpg ;lhnf] ePsf] 5 . æ-cfk/flws ultljlw_ Psflt/ bdg ul/of] csf{lt/ km}nG5,Æ k;f{sf P;\kL sdf{rfo{n] eg]sf] s'/fn] zflGt;'/Iff :yfkgf ug{ lgs} ufx|f] ePsf] k|:6 kf5{ .

pBf]ukltx¿sf] lrGtf 5– o:t} cj:yf csf{] Psjif{;Dd /Xof] eg] s] ug{] < v]tfg eG5g\, æo:tf] cj:yf nlDag' pBf]u If]qdf u[xo'4 x'g' xf] .Æ

uPsf] h]7df dfcf]jfbLn] pBf]udf cfqmd0f u/] otf af/f, k;f{ / cGoqsf o:tf czflGt lgoGq0f ug{sf nflu :yfgLo tyf sf7df8f}+sf pBf]ukltx¿n] zflGt ;'/Iffsf nflu ;/sf/;Fu dfu ub{} cfPsf 5g\ . pgLx¿n] k|x/Lsf] u:tL a9fpg'kg{], k|x/LnfO{ xltof/ tyf ;~rf/sf ;fwg pknJw u/fpg'kg{] / bL3{sfndf cf}Bf]lus ;'/Iff ;DaGwL P]g sfg"g km]g{'kg{] s'/f p7fPsf lyP .

pBf]uklt;Fu nfdf] ;dosf] e]63f6 kl5 ;/sf/n] clxn] cfP/ u[x, cy{, Gofo / afl0fHo dGqfno, k|x/L / g]kfn pBf]u afl0fHo dxf;+3 ;fd]n ePsf] ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] 5 . ;ldltsf] @$ df3df a;]sf] a}7sn] s]Gb| / lhNnf :t/df cf}Bf]lus ;'/Iff sld6L u7g ug{, k|x/L ;lqmotf a9fpg, sf/vfgfsf ;'/IffsdL{nfO{ tflnd lbg, P]g lgod lgb{]lzsf ;+zf]wgsf nflu k|:tfj tof/ ug{ / u[x dGqfnodf ;Dks{ OsfO :yfkgf ug{ l;kmfl/; u/]sf] 5 . ;f] a}7sdf cy{ dGqfnosf k|ltlglw cg'kl:yt lyP h;nfO{ o; sfdsf nflu cfjZos ah]6 ;lhn} pknJw gx'g] k"j{ ;Í]t dfGg ;lsG5 .

oL dWo]sf s]xL ;'‰fjx¿ jL/u~h–kyn}of If]qdf sfof{Gjog u/]/ x]l/;lsPsf] 5 . uPsf] dª\l;/sf] cGTob]lv g} jL/u~hsf] cf}Bf]lus If]qdf ul7t ;'/Iff ann] /flt cf}Bf]lus If]qsf] u:tL ul//x]sf] 5 . o;sf nflu uf8L / df]afOn 6]lnkmf]gsf] vr{ lghL If]qn] Joxf]/]sf] 5 . t/ o;sf] vf;} kl/0ffd lg:s]sf] 5}g\ .

a¿, af/f–k;f{df km}lnPsf] h:t} /f]u /fgL–lj/f6gu/, sf7df8f}F, kf6g, a'6jn / jg]kfsf pBf]u If]qdf klg km}lnPsf] 5 . ag]kf h:tf kxf8L e]udf o;sf] k|s[lt km/s 5 hxfF pBf]ukltx¿s} zAbdf ætLgj6} kf6L{ -sfª\u|];, Pdfn] / /fk|kf_ sf sfo{stf{n] pBf]udf k:g], s'6lk6 ug{] / hah{:tL k};f p7fpg] sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ . k|x/L / k|zf;g t6:y eP/ a;]sf] 5 .Æ o;af6 af/f–k;f{sf h:tf k]z]j/ ck/fwL dfq xf]Og c¿ dflg;x¿ klg ck/fwtkm{ pGd'v ePsf] k|:6 x'G5 .

ck/fwsf 36gf Hofbf gePsf], yf]/} dfq dflg; k]z]j/ ck/fwL ePsf] g]kfnL ;dfhdf clxn] g} s]xL ul/xfNg] xf] eg] o:tf] czflGtnfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ ;lsG5 . o;sf nflu ;a}eGbf dxŒjk"0f{ s'/f /fhgLlt tyf k|x/L k|zf;g / ck/fwLaLrsf] u7aGwg cGTo x'g'k5{, P]g, sfg"g pNnª\3g ug{] ;a}dfly sf/afxL x'G5 eGg] s'/fsf] cg'e"lt lbnfpg' k5{ . Ifl0fs nfesf] nfnrdf k/]/ ck/fwLnfO{ dnhn ubf{ ef]ln To;n] ;+/If0fstf{nfO{ g} l;WofpF5 eGg] s'/f af/f–k;f{sf 36gfn] b]vfPsf 5g\ . v'gsf] :jfb lnO;s]sf] ;dfhnfO{ To; s'ntaf6 5'6fpg ;lhnf] x'g]5}g . n

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