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>LeQm vgfn

g]kfnL ;flxTosf] ahf/ clxn] lgs} la:tf/ ePsf] 5 . t/ olt g} eGg ;lsg] cj:yf rflxF 5}g . gofF k|sfzgx¿sf] /]s8{ /fVg] s'g} lgsfo / k4lt 5}g . n]vs jf k|sfzsx¿n] cfˆgf] k|sfzg st} btf{ u/fpg'kg]{ jf a'‰fpg'kg]{ afWotf 5}g . k~rfotsfndf x/]s gofF k|sfzgsf] rf/ k|lt clgjfo{ ¿kdf c~rnfwLz sfof{nodf a'‰fpg'kg]{ lgod t lyof], t/ To;sf] klg sfof{Gjog eg] x'Fb}gYof] . /fli6«o k':tsfnon] cl3 ;f/]sf] k|sfzg ;~ro ug]{ P]gsf] d:of}bf klg lzIff dGqfnod} ylGsP/ /x]sf] 5 . To;}n] g]kfnsf] ;flxlTos k|sfzgsf] sf/f]af/ / cfsf/sf] cg'dfg dfq ug{ ;lsg] l:ylt 5 . /fhwfgLsf s]xL 7"nf k':tsfnox¿df k|fKt ;ª\Vofsf cfwf/df g]kfndf x/]s jif{ ljleGg ljwfsf ‰08} tLg ;o gofF ;flxlTos s[ltx¿ k|sflzt x'g] u/]sf] / To; lglDt 8]9 s/f]8 ?k}ofF hltsf] nufgL eO/x]sf] 5 .

g]kfnL gf6s clxn] l6eL Rofgnsf] 5fofFdf k/]sf] 5 . …d's'Gb–OlGb/fÚ, …d;fgÚ, …dfntL–dËn]Ú, …clg b]p/fnL ?G5Ú, …sf]xL lsg aaf{b xf];\Ú, …h]dGtÚ, …;8sb]lv ;8s;DdÚ / …lj1fkgÚ cflb gf6s rNbf /fli6«o gfFr3/, /fli6«o ;efu[x / k|1f–k|lti7fgdf b]lvg] h:tf bz{ssf nfOg cfhef]ln lj/n} b]lvG5g\ . ;fFRr}g} clxn] gf6s ljwf klxn]sf] h:tf] hNbf]aNbf] 5}g . tyflk g]kfnL /ËsdL{x¿sf] pT;fx / k|lta4tfdf eg] vf;} sdL cfPsf] 5}g . g]kfn /fhsLo k|1f–k|lti7fgn] a;{]lg cfof]hgf ug]{ gf6s dxf]T;jdf /ËsdL{x¿n] gofF–gofF z}nLsf gf6s k|:t't u/]af6 klg o;sf] k'li6 x'G5 . ægf6snfO{ 6]lnlehgn] cf]‰]ndf kf¥of], :t/Lo dgf]/~hg lbg] gf6s klg ePgg\, ;flxTo / bz{gn] nflbPsf gf6s rNg ;Sb}gg\,Æ @# jif{ cufl8 bz{sx¿n] cf}wL dg k/fPsf] gf6s …clg b]p/fnL ?G5Ú sf gf6ssf/ dgaxfb'/ d'lvof eG5g\, æ;don] klg gf6snfO{ cGt/ kf¥of] t/ gf6s :t/Lo eP km]l/ bz{s cfpF5g\ .Æ To:t} kl5Nnf] k':tfsf gf6ssf/ cz]if dNn klg cfzfjfbL 5g\ . pgL eG5g\, æc¿ ljwfsf] t'ngfdf gf6s cufl8 a9\g / Jofj;flos x'g g;s]sf] dfq xf], w]/} dfG5] gf6s x]g}{ gcfO{ gf6s d¥of] elg/x]sf 5g\ .Æ ;dfnf]rs 8f= cle ;'j]bLrflxF gf6s ljwf k5fl8 kg'{sf] sf/0f /ËsdL{x¿s} cefj 7fG5g\ . æg]kfnL /Ëd~r / gf6s ljwf gf6ssf/x¿sf] JolQmut cys k|of;n] dfq} cufl8 a9]sf] xf],Æ pgL eG5g\ .

…cf/f]x0fÚ ;d"xsf gf6s lgb{]zs tyf snfsf/ ;'gLn kf]v/]nsf] ljrf/df klg d~rgsf nflu :t/Lo gf6s cfpg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . k|f= df]xg/fh zdf{ rflxF gf6s g} sd n]lvPsf sf/0f gf6ssf] d~rg sd ePsf] 7fG5g\ .

:t/Lo gf6s kfP bz{s nfOg nfUg clxn] klg plQs} pT;'s 5g\ eGg] s'/f k|1f–k|lti7fgdf ut;fn k'gM d~rg ePsf] …dfntL–dËn]Ú n] k'li6 u¥of] . ;f] uLlt gf6ssf /rgfsf/ dfwj l3ld/] g]kfnL gf6\o ljwfsf] ljsf; / lg/Gt/tfnfO{ ;Gtf]ifhgs g} 7fG5g\ . l3ld/] eG5g\, æbz{sx¿ pQd gf6ssf] vf]hLdf 5g\, vf]]h]sf] s'/f kfP eg] tL km]l/ kms]{/ cfpF5g\ .Æ

@)%% ;fndf dbg k'/:sf/ k':tsfnodf btf{ ePsf !%)) g]kfnLsf gofF k|sfzgdWo] #%) j6f s[lt ;flxlTos lyP . oLdWo] ;dfnf]rgf !%, uhn #, pkGof; #!, lgaGw @$, syf @*, cfTdsyf %, uLt @%, sljtf &%, sfJo $&, uLltgf6s !^, xf:oJoª\Uo &, hLjgL &, ;+:d/0f $, ofqf ;+:d/0f &, n3'syf ! / dxfsfJo ! lyP . hals @)@& ;fndf ;f] k':tsfnodf btf{ ePsf %)( j6f g]kfnL k|sfzgdWo] syf @!, pkGof; @%, hLjgL &, sfJo !^, sljtf !(, uLt &, gf6s @!, lgaGw !@, ;dfnf]rgf *, hLjgL @ / ofqf;+:d/0f $ u/L !#$ ;flxlTos s[lt lyP .

o;n] g]kfnL ;flxTosf k':tsx¿sf] ;ª\VofTds la:tf/ klxn]sf] t'ngfdf lgs} eO/x]sf] b]vfpF5 . t/, kf7sLo nf]slk|otfsf lx;fan] eg] kfFrbzs cl3sf s[ltx¿sf] ar{:jnfO{ gofF s[ltn] tf]8\g ;s]sf 5}gg\ . ^% jif{cl3 k|sflzt dxfslj nIdLk|;fb b]jsf]6fsf] v08sfJo …d'gfdbgÚ jflif{s laqmLsf] lx;fan] clxn] klg ;a}eGbf cufl8 5 . @# cf}F ;+:s/0f;Dd cfOk'Ubf …d'gfdbgÚ sf tLg nfveGbf a9L k|lt laqmL eO;s]sf 5g\ . klxn] k|lt ;+:s/0f kfFr–bz xhf/sf] ;ª\Vofdf 5flkg] of] v08sfJo clxn] x/]s ;+:s/0fdf Ps nfv k|lt 5flkg yfn]sf] 5 . o;}u/L dfwj l3ld/]sf] …uf}/LÚ -#* xhf/_, e"lk z]/rgsf] …3'Dg] d]rdfly cGwf] dfG5]Ú -@( xhf/_ / …efg'eQmsf]–/fdfo0fÚ
-!# xhf/_ ;jf{lws laqmL x'g] g]kfnL ;flxTosf cGo k|d'v s[ltx¿ x'g\ .

laqmLsf lx;fan] n}gl;+x afª\b]nsf] …dfOt3/Ú, …nË8fsf] ;fyLÚ / …d'n'saflx/Ú -/Tg k':ts e08f/_, jLkL sf]O/fnfsf] …;'lDgdfÚ, …tLg3'DtLÚ, …afa'–cfdf / 5f]/fÚ, …g/]Gb| bfOÚ -;f‰f k|sfzg_, tyf dfwj l3ld/]sf] …cZj:yfdfÚ -k|1f–k|lti7fg_ ljut s]xL jif{otfsf k|d'v s[ltx¿ x'g\ .

;f‰f k|sfzgn] a;{]lg %) j6f hlt ;flxlTos s[lt 5fKg -k'gM d'b|0f ;d]t_ ?= ! s/f]8 ¿k}ofF nufgL ub{5 . t/ of] ;+:yf;Fu glas]/ y'lk|Psf tLg s/f]8eGbf a9L k':tsx¿dWo] clwsf+ztM ;flxTosf k':tsx¿ g} 5g\ .

;f‰fsf] t'ngfdf k|1f–k|lti7fgn] gofF ;flxlTos s[lt k|sfzgsf lglDt w]/} sd nufgL ug]{ u/]sf] 5 . o;n] ut;fn gofF k':ts sf] lglDt ?=@% nfv dfq ah]6 5'§fPsf] lyof] . k|lti7fgn] ;fdfGotM cfˆgf s'g} klg k|sfzgx¿
-zAbsf]if afx]s_ sf] k'gM d'b|0f ug]{ u/]sf] 5}g . o;n] ;flxlTos k':ts k|sfzg u/]/ klg kmfObf ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] ;f‰fsf] pbfx/0f cg';/0f ug{] 5fF6 5}g . ;f‰f k|sfzgsf] dxfk|aGws eO;s]sf, k|lti7fgsf ;b:o–;lrj 8f= t'n;L e§/fO{ eG5g\, æxfd|f] sfd n]vsx¿nfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug]{ dfq xf], gfkmf x'g] s'/} 5}g .Æ k|lti7fgn] glas]sf k':tsx¿nfO{ k|foM a;]{lg k':ts k|bz{gL cfof]hgf u/]/ ;:tf] b/df laqmL ug]{ ub{5 . k|lti7fgn] ut jif{;Dd syf $%, pkGof; $), xf:oJoª\Uo #, ofqf–;flxTo &, hLjgL !&, ;flxTozf:q (, sfJozf:q @, sfJo %, dxfsfJo @, lgaGw & / cGo ljwfsf $ u/L hDdf nfluk/]sf 5g\ . tLdWo] w]/}n] ljZjljBfnosf] kf7\oqmddf ;dflji6 syf, pkGof;, sljtfsf lstfa dfq 5fKg] u/]sf 5g\ . /Tg k':ts e08f/sf uf]ljGb >]i7sf cg';f/, pgsf] k|sfzg / k;nn] jflif{s ?=!% nfv d"Nosf g]kfnL ;flxlTos k':tsx¿sf] sf/f]af/ ug]{ u5{ . >]i7s} cg';f/ ;f] e08f/n] ut jif{;Dd ;dfnf]rgf !), pkGof; !)$, hLjgL @, xf:oJoª\Uo !@, sljtf ^, gf6s !, lgaGw $, ofqf;flxTo @ / syf ;ª\u|x !) u/L hDdf !%! ;flxlTos s[lt k|sflzt ul/;s]sf] 5 .

k|fs[lts ;|f]tdf ;DkGgtf / cfly{s ljkGgtf x'Dnfdf ;Fu;Fu} e]l6G5g\ . ;fob, o:tf] lj/f]wfef; g} sljtfsf] lglDt pj{/ e"ld xf] . To;}n] x'Dnfdf b]p8f xf];\ jf s'/fsfgLdf k|of]u ul/g] dd{e]bL pvfg 6'Ssfdf ;d]t sljtfsf] 5gs cfpF5 . o; cy{df x'Dnfdf sljtfsf] nfdf] k/Dk/f 5 . t/ clt w]/} sljtf n]Vg] sljx¿df eg] wg;'/ /f]sfof dfq x'g\ . x'Dnfsf] klxnf] slj uf]i7Ldf pgL sljtfn] el/Psf] ;f9] b'O{ ;o k]hsf] /lhi6/ lnP/ cfP . sljtfsf o:tf c? klg /lhi6/ 5g\ /] pgL;Fu .
;b/d'sfd l;dLsf]6sf wg;'/n] cf7jif{cl3 dfq n]Vg yfn]sf x'g\ . pgL eG5g\, ækl/jf/ -kTgL_ sf] d[To' eof], 5f]/fx¿ 5'l§P/ a;], clg n]Vg yfn]FÆ, wg;'/ yK5g\, ædxfef/t k9]+, To;df kf08j / sf}/jsf] ‰u8f k9]kl5 cfˆgf 5f]/fx¿nfO{ kf08j–sf}/j b]Vg yfn]F, lj/lQm ‰g\ a9\of], n]vgdf ult cfof] .Æ

klxn] wg;'/ dfnkf]t / cbfntdf n]vfk9L uy]{ . ca eg] lhGbuL /xFbf;Dd n]lv/xg] pgsf] b[9tf 5 . pgL cfkm" n]Vb}gg\ /] Û dgn] n]vfpF5 eG5g\ . h;nfO{ b'Mv k¥of], h;n] vfg kfPg, p;sf] af/]df n]Vg dg nfUg] atfpF5g\, pgL .

cfˆgf] s[lt cfkm}F 5kfpg ;Sg] cfF6 / ufF7 5}g pgL;Fu . cfkm"n] n]v]/ 5fl8lbPkl5 s'g} df]tL/fdn] x'Dnfsf efg'eQm agfOb]nfg\ eGg] s'/fdf cfzfjfbL 5g\ pgL . n]vgsf] p2]Zo s] t < æcfkm" d/] klg sLlt{ 5f]8]/ hfg] . c¿nfO{ af6f] b]vfpg] .Æn

wL/]Gb| k|]dlif{

lghL If]qsf w]/}h;f] k':ts Joj;foLx¿ ;flxlTos s[lt k|sfzgdf u/]sf] nufgL p7\g g;Sg] atfpF5g\ . lxdfnL ;f}uft k|sfzgsf k"0f{k|sfz g]kfn …ofqLÚ eG5g\, æ;flxlTos k':ts lsg]/ k9\g] kf7s Hofb} sd 5g\, k|sfzgdf nufgL u/]sf] k};fsf] k|ltkmn kfOFb}g .Æ To:t} ;'gsf]zL ;flxTo k|lti7fgsf s[i0fk|;fb k/fh'nL klg ælstfa k|sfzgaf6 nufgL p7fpg klg ufx|f] 5Æ eG5g\ . t/, g]kfnL ;flxTosf s'g} klg k|sfzsn] u'0fbf]ifsf cfwf/df s[ltsf] 5gf}6, ;fh;Hhf / cfjZos …dfs]{l6ªÚ lt/ Wofg lbPsf] eg] k6Ss} kfOFb}g . ;flxlTos s[ltx¿sf] k|rf/–k|;f/ / lj1fkgdf t ;fob} s;}n] vr{ ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ . kq–klqsfdf ;dLIff k9]/ k':ts lsGg pTk|]l/t kf7sx¿n] s}of}F s[ltx¿ ahf/df km]nf kfg{ g;s]sf] u'gf;f] af/Daf/ ;'lgG5 .

lghL jf ;fj{hlgs If]qsf k':ts k|sfzg u[x;Fu n]vsx¿ klg ;Gt'i6 kfOFb}gg\ . pgLx¿sf] egfO 5, laqmL eO;s]sf k':tsx¿sf] /f]oN6L klg ;s];Dd lbg vf]lhFb}g . 8f= tf/fgfy zdf{ eG5g\, æk|1f–k|lti7fg, ;f‰f / s]xL lghL k|sfzgx¿n] ;d]t dnfO{ lbg'kg]{ /f]oN6Lsf] lx;fa uf]ndfn u/]sf 5g\ .Æ

g]kfnL ;flxTodf clxn] ;a}eGbf a9L n]lvg] ljwf sljtf xf] eg] ;a}eGbf sd laqmL x'g] klg oxL xf] . laqmLsf lx;fan] sfJo / dxfsfJosf] klg l:ylt nueu To:t} 5 . e"lksf] …3'Dg] d]rdfly cGwf] dfG5]Ú sf] laqmL /]s8{ cfh;Dd c¿ sljtf ;ª\u|xn] tf]8\g ;s]sf 5}gg\ .

ofqf–lgaGwdf 8f= tfgfgfy zdf{sf s[lt a9L laS5g\ . ?b|/fh kf08]sf] …¿kdltÚ, 8fodg zdz]/sf] …;]tf] af3Ú / …a;GtLÚ, jLkL sf]O/fnfnsf] …;'lDgdfÚ, …tLg3'DtL, …afa'–cfdf / 5f]/f / …g/]Gb| bfOÚ, nLnaxfb'/ If]qLsf] …a;fOFÚ / w'|jrGb| uf}tdsf] …clnlvtÚ z'?b]lv Psgf;n] laqmL x'Fb} cfPsf pkGof; x'g\ .