s] dfcf]jfbLx¿ km]l/Ps} x''g\ <

dfcf]jfbLsf ;fd'Gg] ;Defjgf / ;Í6 ljsNksf ¿kdf v8f 5g\ . o;n] dfcf]jfbL g]t[TjnfO{ klxn]eGbf lgs} lhDd]jf/ / oyfy{;Ddt eP/ ;f]Rg / lg0f{ox¿ ug{ pTk|]l/t u/]sf] 5 .

Zofd >]i7

g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] cfˆgf] bf];|f] /fli6«o ;Dd]ng kZrft\ kmfu'gsf] bf];|f] ;KtfxfGtdf hf/L u/]sf] rf/ k]h nfdf] k|]; lj1lKt ulx/f];Fu cWoog ubf{ o:tf] af]w x'G5M dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjsf lrGtg / gLltx¿df cfg\sf tfg\ km]/abn cfpFb}5Ù pgLx¿ ;ª\3if{ ;DaGwL cfˆgf] k'/fgf] cjwf/0ffdf cfd"n x]/km]/ ub}{5g\Ù qmflGt ;DaGwL pgLx¿sf] ;f]r Jofks ¿kdf ablnFb}5Ù ;+o'Qm df]rf{ ;DaGwL pgLx¿sf] gLltdf sfofkn6 x'Fb}5 . dfcf]jfbLx¿ cfˆgf] ;f]r / gLltdf olt t/n o;cl3 slxNo} lyPgg\ .

kfFr jif{ nfdf] hLjg–d/0fsf] u'l/Nnf ;ª\3if{n] clxn] pgLx¿nfO{ klxn]eGbf oyfy{k/s / nlrnf] klg x'g s/ nufPsf] 5 . Psflt/ dfcf]jfbLx¿ cfkm}Fn] glrtfPsf] 9Ën] rf/}tkm{ km}nFb}5g\ / ljsf;sf] k|an ;Defjgf cfFvf cufl8 5 . csf]{lt/ 3f]lift cfwf/ Onfsf / d'Qm If]qx¿df t'?Gt} x'g;Sg] g[z+; ;}Go–bdgsf] vt/fnfO{ 6fNg 6fpsf]df sfqf] afFw]/ km'sL km'sL cl3Nnf sbdx¿ af/] ;f]Rg'kg]{ ;ËLg l:ylt klg 5 . dfcf]jfbL ;fd'Gg] ;Defjgf / ;Í6 ljsNksf ¿kdf v8f 5g\ . r/d åGåsf] of] a:t'ut l:yltn] dfcf]jfbL g]t[TjnfO{ klxn]eGbf lgs} lhDd]jf/ / oyfy{;Ddt eP/ ;f]Rg / lg0f{ox¿ ug{ pTk|]l/t u/]sf] 5 . dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjsf] ;f]r / gLltdf clxn] cfPsf] Jofks km]/abn / nlrnf]kg oxL l:yltsf] kl/0ffd xf] .

elgG5, dfG5]x¿ k9]/ eGbf k/]/ Hofbf l;S5g\ . clxn] dfcf]jfbLdf ToxL ePsf] b]lvG5 . dfcf]jfbLsf] hgo'4sf] nfOg !) jif{ cufl8, @)$* ;fndf g]skf -Pstf s]Gb|_ sf] Pstf dxflwj]zgdf g} kfl/t ePsf] lyof] . …Pstf s]Gb|Ú Psl9Ssf x'~h]n Tof] nfOg nfu" x'g ;s]g . k/Gt' @)%! ;fndf Tof] kf6L{ km'6\of] . km'6sf] k"j{;GWofdf ToxL ;fn ePsf] klxnf] /fli6«o ;Dd]ngn] kf6L{sf] gfd km]/]/ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ /fVof] / c¿nfO{ kf6L{af6 lgsfn]kl5 cfkm" km'Ssf ePsf] bfjL ub}{ dxflwj]zgåf/f klxn] g} kf; ul/Psf] nfOgnfO{ sfof{Gjog ug]{ lg0f{o u¥of] .

geGb} @)%@ ;fn kmfu'g ! ut]b]lv …hgo'4Ú z'? eof] klg . clxn] …hgo'4Ú k|f/De ePsf] ^ jif{ nfu]sf] 5 / kf6L{sf] bf];|f] /fli6«o ;Dd]ng ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . s/La cfwf bzssf] cGt/fndf ePsf oL b'O{ ;Dd]ngnfO{ bfFh]/ x]bf{ o:tf] dx;"; x'G5– Toltv]/ dfcf]jfbL g]tfx¿n] dfcf]jfbLx¿sf] cGt/f{li6«o s]Gb| …/LdÚ sf] lbUbz{g / bjfjdf Hofbfh;f] dfcf]sf] rLg / uf]~hfnf]sf] k]? k9]/ …hgo'4Ú sf] k|f/De u/]sf lyP . ca Jofjxfl/s ju{ ;ª\3if{sf] e§Ldf xf]ldPkl5 / hLjgd/0fsf] bf]af6f]df v8f ePkl5, cfˆgf] ;f]r / Jojxf/df lg0ff{os kl/jt{g / kl/dfh{g ub}{5g\ . pgLx¿ ca g]kfnL w/ftndf 6]s]/ ;f]r–ljrf/ agfpg] hdsf]{ ub}{5g\ .

!*) l8u|Lsf] kl/jt{g
dfcf]jfbLsf] bf];|f] ;Dd]ngsf] ;a}eGbf dxŒjk"0f{ lg0f{o æljutsf ;j{xf/f qmflGtsf s'g} lglZrt df]8n ca klxn] h:t} u/L nfu" x'g g;Sg]Æ eGg] xf] . of] lg0f{on] dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjsf] qmflGt ;DaGwL k'/fgf] ;f]rdf cfd"n kl/jt{g cfPsf] ‰‰Nsf] lbG5 . o;cl3 dfcf]jfbL g]t[TjÙ dfcf]sf] g]t[Tjdf rLgdf ;DkGg gofF hgjfbL qmflGtsf] df]8nnfO{ g]kfnsf] lglDt x'ax' kmL6 x'g] 7fg]/ rln/x]sf] lyof] . Pp6f b]zsf] qmflGtsf] df]8n csf]{ b]zdf dhfn] kmL6 x'g;S5 eGg] p;sf] hAa/ wf/0ff lyof] .

@)$* ;fnsf] Pstf dxflwj]zgdf d}n] g]kfnsf] qmflGt g]kfnsf] h:t} x'G5, s'g} csf]{ b]zsf] df]8n cg'?ksf] x'Fb}g eGg] wf/0ff cl3 ;fbf{ dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjsf] To;df uDeL/ c;xdlt /x]sf] lyof] . g]kfndf hgcfGbf]ng / ;z:q hgljb|f]xsf] ;Defjgfsf] ;jfn k|:t't ubf{ pm o;nfO{ ?;L df]8nsf] gfdfs/0f uYof]{ / g]kfndf ?;L df]8n sfd gnfUg] p;sf] lgr]f8 lyof] . k/Gt', clxn]sf] /fli6«o ;Dd]ngn] ljutsf] ;j{xf/f qmflGtsf] s'g} klg df]8n ca nfu" x'g ;Sb}g eGg] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . o;nfO{ pgLx¿sf] ;f]rdf cfPsf] !*) l8u|Lsf] kl/jt{g eGg ;lsG5 .

of] lg0f{on] g]kfnL qmflGtdf b"/ufdL c;/ kfg]{ b]lvG5 . klxnf] s'/f] t o;n] dfcf]jfbLx¿ ca ljb]zL qmflGtsf] cGw gSsn ug]{ oflGqs lrGtg k|lqmofaf6 d'Qm x'g] sf]lzz ub}{5g\ eGg] b]vfPsf] 5 . olb o:tf] ;fFRr} g} x'g ;Sof] eg] o;n] pgLx¿df cfˆgf] d'n'ssf] ablnFbf] jf:tljstf vf]Hg], klxNofpg], ;Tosf] glhs k'Ug] / ;[hgfTds k|j[lQsf] ;'?cft ug]{ lglZrt 5 . b]zsf] /fhgLltdf uDeL/ c;/ kfg]{ s'g} klg kf6L{df o:tf] k|j[lQ xfjL x'g' cfkm}Fdf w]/} dxŒjk"0f{ / ;sf/fTds s'/f xf] . bf];|f], s'g} klg h'‰f? kf6L{df cGw gSsn ug]{ kl/kf6L sd x'g' / pm oyfy{jfbL x'g k|oTg ug'{ eg]sf] cgfjZos alnbfg / Iflt sd x'g yfNg' klg xf] . dfcf]jfbL h:tf] xd]zf dg{–dfg{ tof/ kf6L{df To:tf] x'g' eg]sf] :ki6tM cgfjZos lx+;f / hgwgsf] vlt sd x'g] lbzflt/ b]z 8f]l/g' xf] . t];|f], dfcf]jfbLn] qmflGtsf] df]8nsf] cjwf/0ff 5f]8]kl5 g]kfndf jfdkGyL qmflGtsf/Lx¿sf aLrdf w'j|Ls/0f cyjf PsLs/0fsf] ;Defjgf w]/} a9\g]5 . pgLx¿aLr ;fdLKotf / sfo{ut Pstf t o;n] t'?Gt} a9fOlbg]5 . s§/tf sd ePkl5 kfgL af/faf/ / ufnLunf}h klg :jtM sd x'g]5 .

hgo'4;Fu} hgljb|f]x
dfcf]jfbLsf] ;Dd]ngn] æg]kfnsf] bL3{sfnLg hgo'4df cfd ;z:q ljb|f]xsf /0fgLltx¿sf] ;dfof]hg ug]{Æ cjwf/0ff cl3 ;f/]sf] 5 . ;f/df of] cjwf/0ff qmflGtsf] df]8n ca nfu" gx'g] ;f]r cGtu{t / To;}sf] kl/0ffd :j?k k}bf ePsf] cjwf/0ff xf] . o;n] dfcf]jfbLsf] qmflGtsf] af6f] ;DaGwL ;f]rdf w]/} 7"nf] km]/abn NofOlbPsf] 5 .
o;cl3;Dd dfcf]jfbLx¿n] rLgdf dfcf]n] cEof; u/] h:tf] bL3{sfnLg hgo'4sf] af6f] clVtof/ ub}{lyP . pgLx¿ ;'b"/ u|fdL0f If]qdf cfwf/ Onfsf lgdf{0f ug]{ / d'Qm If]qx¿ ;[hgf ug]{, cfwf/ Onfsf / d'Qm If]qsf] 3]/f] >[ª\vnfj4 9Ën] a9fpFb} nu]/, ufpFn] zx/ 3]b}{, cGttM s]Gb|Lo ;Qf sAhf ug]{ /0fgLlt ckgfO/x]sf lyP . o;}sf] ;"qa4 gfd lyof]M bL3{sfnLg hgo'4 .

clxn]sf] /fli6«o ;Dd]ngn] of] /0fgLltdf cfwf/e"t kl/jt{g ug'{sf] tfTko{ s] xf] eg] g]kfndf bL3{sfnLg hgo'4sf] af6f] dfq} ;dft]/, hgo'4sf ;ª\3if{sf ¿kx¿ dfq} k|of]u u/]/ qmflGt ug]{ ;Defjgf dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjn] ca b]v]g . cyf{t\ s]jn cfwf/ Onfsf lgdf{0f ub}{, d'Qm If]q a9fpFb}, To;sf] >[ª\vnfj4 lj:tf/ / lgsf;åf/f cGTodf s]Gb|Lo ;Qf xft kfg{ ;lsg] ;Defjgf g]kfndf g/x]sf] gofF lgisif{df dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tj k'Uof] . o;sf] nflu p;n] ca cfd hgljb|f]xsf ;ª\3if{sf ¿kx¿ ;d]t k|of]u ug'{kg]{ cfjZostf b]Vof] . hgo'4sf] cnfjf qmflGtsf nflu lj=;+=@))& / @)$^ sf hgcfGbf]ng jf hgljb|f]xdf ckgfOP h:tf ;ª\3if{sf ¿kx¿ ;d]t clVtof/ ug'{k5{ eGg] dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjsf] gofF wf/0ff /Xof] .

d]/f] cg'dfgdf o;sf] dtna xf], ca dfcf]jfbLn] u|fdL0f ;ª\3if{ dfq x}g zxl/of dhb'/ ;ª\3if{ / hg;ª\3if{nfO{ ;d]t klxn]eGbf lgs} Hofbf hf]8 lbg]5g\, u}/sfg"gL ;+3if{ dfq xf]Og, sfg"gL ;ª\3if{sf ¿kx¿nfO{ klg k|of]udf Nofpg yfNg] 5g\, ;+;b / :yfgLo lgsfosf] alxisf/ dfq} ul//xg] xf]Og, n]lggåf/f ?;df ul/P‰}F h?/t k/]df qmflGtsf] nflu To;sf] ;d]t pkof]u ug]{5g\, o;cl3 s]jn ufpFnfO{ ;ª3if{sf] u'?Tjfsif{0f s]Gb| agfO cfPsf]df ca zx/nfO{ klg ufpFs} xf/fxf/Ldf u'?Tjfsif{0f s]Gb| agfpg yfNg]5g\ .

dfcf]jfbLn] of] lg0f{o dfkm{t hgo'4sf c‰} ;sf/fTds / ;fGble{s x'g] kIfx¿nfO{ sfod /fVb}, hgo'4 / hgljb|f]xsf af6faLr lax] u/fpg vf]h]sf] xf] . 3f]lift ¿kdf geg] klg, cGttM hgljb|f]xs} af6f]af6 g]kfndf qmflGt x'g] ;Defjgf b]Vg yfn]sf], t/ u'l/Nnf o'4, :yfoL ;}Go an / l56km"6 c>[ª\vnfj4 cfwf/ OnfsfnfO{ rflxF sfod} /flv5f]8\g vf]h]sf] xf] .

dfcf]jfbLsf] ;ª\3if{sf] ?k / qmflGtsf] af6f] ;DaGwL ;f]rdf cfPsf] lg0ff{os kl/jt{gn] g]kfnsf] /fhgLlt / zlQm ;Gt'ngdf k|z:t x]/km]/x¿ x'g] lglZrt 5 . o;sf] klxnf] c;/ t of] x'g]5 ls dfcf]jfbLsf] pu| jfdkGyL k|j[lQ lgs} dfqfdf sd x'g]5 . bf];|f], zxl/of hgcfGbf]ng sfkmL dfqfdf t]h x'g yfNg]5 . u}/ ;+;bLo hgcfGbf]ngsf/L afd zlQmdf dfcf]jfbL ylkPkl5 lgs} zlQmzfnL x'g]5, ;DejtM ;a}eGbf zlQmzfnL x'g klg a]/ 5}g . d;fn–Pstfs]Gb|–g]dlskf / dfcf]jfbLsf] ;fdLKotf / Pstfsf] ;Defjgf sfkmL dfqfdf a9\g]5 . t];|f], zfob l9nf] jf l56f], dfcf]jfbLx¿n] klg s'g} j}wflgs df]rf{ dfkm{t :yfgLo lgsfo / ;+;bdf efu lng] ;Defjgf a9\g]5 . t/ ;+3if{sf] af6f] ;DaGwdf dfcf]jfbLdf h'g nlrnf]kg b]vf k/]sf] 5, Tof] g} clGtd xf]nf eGg' ;/f;/ uNtL x'g]5 . o;nfO{ nlrnf]kgtkm{sf] ;+qmd0fsf ¿kdf a'´g' Hofbf plrt x'g]5 .

gofF ;f]leot ;+3
dfcf]jfbLsf] csf]{ lgs} dxŒjk"0f{ lg0f{o blIf0f Pl;ofJofkL ¿kdf æIf]qLo:t/df ;Ë7g / ;ª\3if{sf] ;+of]hgÆ ug]{ lg0f{o xf] . dfcf]jfbLn] ?;df n]lgg–:6flngn] u/]‰}F @! ;f}F ztfAbLdf blIf0f Pl;ofdf …gofF ;f]leot km]8/]zgÚ agfpg] ;f]r ;d]tcl3 ;f/]sf 5g\ .

of] gofF ;f]r lgs} dxŒjk"0f{ 5, lsgeg] g]kfndf x'g] qmflGt cnu cnu ¿kdf ;kmn eP klg lbuf] /lx/xg ufx|f] 5, ha;Dd ef/tdf qmflGtlj/f]wL ;Qf alnof] ¿kdf cl:tTjdf /lx/xG5 . o; kl/k|]Iodf oxfFsf] qmflGtsf] k|lqmofnfO{ ;/n / ;xh agfpgsf nflu / qmflGtnfO{ lbuf] agfpgsf nflu, vfln g]kfnsf] n]endf dfq ;+3if{ / ;+u7gsf] of]hgf agfpg' kof{Kt x'Fb}g . xfdLn] blIf0f Pl;of n]end} qmflGtsf ldqx¿sf] vf]hL ug'{ kb{5, ;+u7gsf] hfnf] lkmFhfpg' kb{5, ;ª\3if{sf] tfnd]n / ;+of]hg ug'{kb{5 . dfcf]jfbL lg0f{osf] d'Vo ;f/ oxL b]lvG5 .

of] lg0f{osf] ;xL 9Ën] sfof{Gjog ePsf] v08df vfnL g]kfnsf] qmflGt dfq ;xh / lbuf] x'g] xf]Og, ef/t, kfls:tfg, aËnfb]z, >LnÍf ;a}lt/sf] qmflGtsf] k|lqmof ;xh / dha"t aGg] b]lvG5 . To;}n] dfcf]jfbL ;Dd]ngn] NofPsf] of] ;f]r :jfutof]Uo / Wofg lbg nfossf] 5 . dfcf]jfbL lj1lKtn] o; ;DaGwdf æ7f]; of]hgfÆ ;d]t agfPsf] s'/f pNn]v u/]sf] 5 . oBlk clxn];Dd Tof] 7f]; of]hgfdf s] 5, yfxf kfpg ;lsPsf] 5}g .

k/Gt' PSsfO;f}F ztfAbLdf blIf0f Pl;ofdf gofF ;f]leot km]8/];g agfpg] eGg] h'g ;f]r ;Dd]ngn] k|:t't u/]sf] 5, Tof] wf/0ffut ¿kdf a]7Ls geP klg g]kfn h:tf] ;fgf] b]zn] OR5f / kxn u/]/ Tof] cl:tTjdf cfpg w]/} ufx|f] x'G5 . blIf0f Pl;ofdf …gofF ;f]leot ;+3Ú aGg ef/t / kfls:tfgdf qmflGt x'g ckl/xfo{ 5 . g]kfn / e'6fg h:tf] ;fgf] /fi6«n] OR5fpFb}df of] jf:tljstfdf ablng ;Dej b]lvGg . km]l/, qmflGt x'Fb}df dfq …;f]leot ;+3Ú oflGqs ¿kdf algxfNg ;Dej x'Fb}gÙ To;sf] nflu :j]lR5s tDtof/L x'g' h?/L x'G5 . hah{:tL b]zx¿ hf]8hf8 u/]/ ;fd|fHo dfq aG5, ;+3 aGb}g .

;+ljwfg ;efsf] kl/Tofu
;Dd]ngsf] csf]{ dxŒjk"0f{ lg0f{o ;+ljwfg ;efsf] gf/fsf] kl/Tofu xf] . o;sf] ;§fdf dfcf]jfbLn] gofF ;f]r cufl8 ;f/]sf] 5, æb]zsf ;Dk"0f{ /fhgLlts kf6L{, ;+3÷;+:yf tyf hg ;Ë7gx¿sf] ;j{kIfLo ;Dd]ng Pj+ ;f] ;Dd]ngåf/f cfGtl/s ;/sf/sf] lgjf{rg / ;f] cfGtl/s ;/sf/sf] g]t[Tjdf hg;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] Uof/]06LÆ . of] ab\nfx6 klg dfcf]jfbLsf] /fhgLlts sfo{gLltdf cfPsf] dxŒjk"0f{ kl/jt{g xf] . dfcf]jfbLn] of] gf/fnfO{ æsfo{g}lts ¿kn] b]zsf] ljBdfg ;Í6k"0f{ l:yltsf] /fhg}lts lgsf;Æ eg]/ k|:t't u/]sf] 5 . egfOsf] dtna of] dfcf]jfbLsf] tfTsflns /fhgLlts sfo{gLlt (Tactics) xf] .

;+ljwfg ;efsf] gf/fsf] kl/Tofun] dfcf]jfbLdf ablnFbf] l:yltnfO{ 7Dofpg] /fhgLlts ;'‰a'‰ a9]sf] ;Í]t lbPsf] 5 . ;+ljwfg ;efsf] gf/f cfkm}Fdf qmflGtsf/L eP klg g]kfnsf] jt{dfg l:yltdf of] k|ultzLn / pko'Qm gf/f eO/x]sf] lyPg . lsgeg], ;+ljwfg ;efsf] r'gfj klg ;+;bLo r'gfj h:t} jflnu dtflwsf/sf cfwf/df x'g] s'/f xf] . jt{dfg ;Gbe{df ;+ljwfg ;efsf] r'gfj eof] eg] g]kfnnfO{ u0ftGq / k|ultzLn kl/jt{gsf] lbzfdf hfg glbg b/af/ / sf+u|];sf] ldng x'g] ;Defjgf 68\sf/f] 5 . To;f] ePsf] v08df ;+ljwfg ;efsf] r'gfj x'Fb}df To;af6 hgjfbL u0ftGq g]kfn k}bf eOxfNg] jfnf 5}g . a? pN6f], clxn]eGbf k|ltufdL ;+ljwfg aGg ;d]t ;Dej 5 . To;}n], of] gf/f 5f]8]/ dfcf]jfbLn] a'l4dQf g} k|blz{t u/]sf] 5 .

k/Gt', dfcf]jfbLn] lbPsf] jt{dfg ;Í6sf] /fhgLlts lgsf; ;DaGwL gofF ljrf/ eg] Tolt d"t{ / :ki6 b]lvGg . clxn]sf] l:yltdf ;a} kf6L{, ;+3÷;+:yf / hg;Ë7gsf k|ltlglwsf] ;j{kIfLo ;Dd]ng ul/of] eg], Tof] t /fk|kf, ;b\efjgf, b/af/ / sfª\u|]; ;d]tsf] ;j{kIfLo ;Dd]ng x'g hfG5 . To:tf] ;Dd]ngn] clxn] eGbf k|ultzLn / a9L k|hftflGqs ;+ljwfg s;/L agfpg ;Dej x'G5 < of] gf/f xr'jfd} cfPsf] cg'e"lt x'G5 . o:tf] ;j{kIfLo ;Dd]ng eO{ xfNof] eg], To;n] clxn]sf] l:yltdf ljBdfg ;+ljwfg eGbf klg v/fa ;+ljwfg agfpg] Hofbf ;Defjgf 5 .

;DklQsf] ;fd"lxsLs/0f
dfcf]jfbL ;Dd]ngn] r'g]sf] gofF s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf ;a} ;b:ox¿sf] JolQmut ;DklQnfO{ ;fd"lxsLs/0f ug]{ / sDo'gsf ¿kdf To;nfO{ kl/rfng ug]{ gf}nf] k|lqmof z'? u/]sf] 5 . sDo'lg:6 cu'jfx¿n] ;dfhjfb ;j{k|yd cfkm}Faf6 nfu" ug]{ eGg] ;f]r cGtu{t kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo txsf cu'jfx¿n] ;a}eGbf klxn] cfˆgf] JolQmut ;DklQnfO{ ;fd"lxs ;DklQdf abNg' pbfx/0fLo sfd xf] .

k/Gt', Pp6f Wofg lbg'kg]{ kIf s] b]lvG5 eg], JolQmut ;DklQnfO{ cGt ug{ tof/ ePsfx¿ dgf]j}1flgs txdf JolQmut ;DklQsf] dfgl;stfaf6 rflxF slQsf] d'Qm 5g\ < c¿sf] gf]S;fgLdf cfkm}F dfq h; / kmfObf lng vf]Hg] dfgl;stf, Tofu u/]afkt Tofusf] kmn vf]Hg] dfgl;stf, h;/L klg cfˆgf] k|lti7f / hLtdf dfq Wofg s]lGb|t ug]{ dfgl;stf ;"Idtd\ txdf JolQmut ;DklQs} dfgl;stfsf ljleGg ?kx¿ x'g\ . oL k|j[lQx¿ JolQmdf Ho"Fsf To"F 5g\ eg] oflGqs ¿kdf vfln JolQmut ;DklQ dfq} Ps 7fpFdf y'kfb}{df Tof] ;fd"lxsLs/0f eOxfNb}g, g t Tof] ;j{xf/fs/0f g} x'G5 .

;fdLKotfsf] ;Defjgf
;Dd]ngn] u/]sf] csf]{ dxŒjk"0f{ lg0f{o xf], sd/]8 k'iknfnnfO{ k'/fgf] kLF9Lsf] OdfGbf/ sDo'lg:6 g]tfsf] ¿kdf d"NofÍg . of] lg0f{on] dfcf]jfbLsf] Oltxf; ;DaGwL b[li6sf]0f tYok/s / pbf/ x'g nfu]sf] ;Í]t u/]sf] 5 .
7Ls To:t} æs= k'iknfnåf/f uf]/vk'/ ;Dd]ng kZrft\ ul/Psf] kf6L{sf] k'gu{7gsf] k|oTg, ‰fkf ljb|f]xåf/f cufl8 cfPsf] sf]–cl8{g]zg s]Gb|, tyf dgdf]xg–df]xgljqmd cflbsf] s]Gb|Lo Go"lSno;sf aLrdf PsLs/0fåf/f PsLs[t kf6L{ lgdf{0fsf] ;Defjgf k|an lyof] / Tof] PsLs/0f x'g' kb{Yof]Æ eg]/ ;Dd]ngsf] b:tfj]hn] kf6L{ Oltxf; ;DaGwdf ;l6s / a:t'jfbL d"NofÍg u/]sf] 5 .

;Dd]ngkl5 k|sflzt lj1lKtdf æPsLs[t kf6L{ lgdf{0fsf nflu kxn ug{Æ clkn klg ul/Psf] 5 . clxn]sf] l:yltdf To:tf] PsLs[t kf6L{ lgdf{0f ug]{ ;Defjgf sf]–sf] aLr d"t{ ¿kdf ljBdfg 5 eGg]af/] rflxF lj1lKt af]n]sf] 5}g . dfcf]jfbL ;Dd]ngn] o;k6s h'g gofF lg0f{ox¿ u/]sf] 5, Tof] cg';f/ dfcf]jfbLx¿ / g]skf -Pstf s]Gb|_ cfwf/e"t ;jfndf w]/} xb;Dd Pp6} ;f]rsf kf6L{ x'g uPsf 5g\ . g]skf -d;fn_ l;tsf] dfcf]jfbLsf] j}rfl/s b"/L klg ;Dd]ngn] w]/} dfqfdf 36fPsf] 5 . oL b'O{aLrsf] b"/L ca cfP/ j}rfl/s sd / dgf]j}1flgs Hofbf b]lvG5 .
clxn]sf] /fli6«o ;Dd]ngsf d"ne"t lg0f{ox¿nfO{ lgofNbf rnfvL, k"jf{u|x / dgf]j}1flgs ;d:ofn] e"ldsf gv]Ng] xf] eg] dfcf]jfbL, d;fn / Pstf s]Gb|aLr kf6L{ PsLs/0fsf] ;Defjgf lgs} a9]sf] 5 . of] ;Dd]ngn] b'O6f c¿ dxŒjk"0f{ lg0f{ox¿ klg u/]sf] 5, h;n] oL kf6L{x¿aLr ;fdLKotfsf] ;Defjgf c? Hofbf a9fPsf] 5 . tL x'g\M Jofks ;+o'Qm df]rf{sf] ;f]r / hglbzfsf] ljsf;df hf]8 .

dfcf]jfbLsf] ;+o'Qm df]rf{ ;DaGwL ljutsf] cjwf/0ff k"/} ablnPsf] b]lvPsf] 5 . lxhf] Pdfn]–dfn] …k|ltlqmofjfbLÚ zlQm lyPÙ cfh tL ;Fu} a;]/ sfd ug{ ;lsg] ldqzlQm ePsf 5g\ . olt;Dd ls sfª\u|];sf] lul/hf u"6 afx]s c¿ ;a}l;t ;Fu} ldn]/ sfd ug{ ;lsg] xbsf] ;+o'Qm df]rf{ ;DaGwL ljrf/df km/flsnf] / nlrnf]kg dfcf]jfbLdf cfPsf] 5 . of] dfcf]jfbLdf b]vf k/]sf] lgs} ;sf/fTds kl/jt{g xf] . of] kl/jt{gn] g]kfnL /fhgLltsf] zlQm ;Gt'ngdf 7"nf] km/s Nofpg]5 . ;8sdf ;ª\3if{ t]h x'g] ;Defjgf a9]sf] 5 . lul/hf ;/sf/ lj/f]wL df]rf{ ljzfn / zlQmzfnL x'g] ;Defjgf k|an ePsf] 5 .

dfcf]jfbLn] t Jofks ;+o'Qm df]rf{nfO{ …s]Gb|Lo :t/df hg;/sf/sf] e'|0fÚsf] ¿kdf ljsf; ug]{ ;f]r ;d]t cl3 ;f/]sf] 5 . k/Gt' lgs6 eljiodf /fli6«o:t/df Jofks ;+o'Qm df]rf{n] s]Gb|Lo hg;/sf/sf] e"ldsf v]Ng] ;Defjgf eg] Hofb} Go"g 5 . lsgls, o;f] ug{ Ps t c¿ kf6L{x¿ tof/ g} 5}gg\Ù oyfy{ ¿kdf s]Gb|Lo hg;/sf/sf] e"ldsf v]Ng ;Sg] l:ylt g} ljBdfg 5}g .

;j} ;Defjgfsf] tuf/f]M …k|r08kyÚ
of] ;Dd]ngsf] ;a}eGbf gsf/fTds lg0f{o eg]sf] kf6L{sf] lgb]{zs l;4fGtdf df=n]=df=sf] cltl/Qm …k|r08kyÚ yk ug]{ lg0f{o xf] . dfcf]jfbLn] yfn]sf] …bL3{sfnLg hgo'4Ú dfcf]sf] cjwf/0ff cg';f/ g]kfndf nfu" ePsf] xf] . 7Ls To:t} ;}Go lj1fg, cfwf/ Onfsf / d'Qm If]qsf] cjwf/0ff / ufpFn] zx/ 3]g]{ cjwf/0ff klg . sd/]8 k|r08sf] o;df j}rfl/s txdf s'g} df}lns / cfwf/e"t rl/qsf] of]ubfg b]lvGg . clg s]sf cfwf/df g]kfndf nfu" ePsf] hgo'4sf] af6f] …k|r08kyÚ eof] < o;nfO{ …k|r08kyÚ eGg'kg]{ b/sf/ g} lsg k¥of] <

of] lg0f{on] s] b]vfPsf] 5 eg,] dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjdf g]t[Tj :yfkgfsf] r/d ;Í6 ljBdfg 5 . ToxfF rf}tkmL{ ;Ifdtf / jf:tljs cf:yfsf] cfwf/df k}bf ePsf] g]t[Tj ljsl;t x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . To;}n] ToxfF s[lqd / oflGqs ¿kdf …kbÚ / …kbfjnLÚ ;[hgf u/]/ g]t[TjnfO{ hah{:tL dflyaf6 yf]k/]/ :yfkgf ug'{kg]{ kl/l:ylt 5 . o;n] s] ;Í]t u/]sf] 5 eg] ToxfF gf]s/zfxL / cf}krfl/s rl/qsf] s]Gb|Lotf k}bf ug]{ k|lqmof ljBdfg 5 . …k|r08kyÚsf] ;[hgfn] Pp6f, JolQmk"hf vf]Hg] k|j[lQÙ gePsf] s'/f 5 eg]/ b]vfpg] cx+sf/Ld'vL k|j[lQ / bf];|f], zlQmsf] clt s]Gb|Ls/0fsf] k|j[lQsf] klg ;Í]t u/]sf] 5 . oL b'j} k|j[lQ unt x'g\ .

clxn] g]kfndf jfdkGyL kf6L{x¿aLr w|'jLs/0f / PsLs/0fsf] ;DefjgfnfO{ ;Dd]ngsf c¿ lg0f{ox¿n] sfkmL a9fPsf 5g\ . k/Gt', oL ;a ;Defjgfdf kfgL km]g]{ / tuf/f] nfpg] sfd …k|r08kyÚn] ug]{jfnf b]lvG5 .

g]skf -Pstf s]Gb|_sf s]Gb|Lo g]tf /lx;s]sf >]i7 xfn d"NofÍg dfl;ssf k|wfg;Dkfbs x'g'x'G5 .