| ‘;+j]bgf
lhp"bf zxLbx¿sf]
kL8f
d[To'sf d'vdf k'u]/ hf]luPsf
k|hftGqsf ;]gfgLx¿nfO{ s] ;+1f lbg] < lhpFbf zxLb <
zxLbsf] dxTj / of]ubfgsf] avfg u/]/ xfd|f g]tf, k|wfgdGqLx¿¿ slxNo}
yfSb}gg\ t/ k|hftGq k'gM:yfkgf ePsf] bz jif{ eO;Stf klg sltko
lhpFbf zxLbx¿ eofjx laNnLaf7 l:yltd} /x]sf 5g\ . zfob o:t}
lhpFbf zxLbx¿sf] kL8fnfO{ cfTd;ft\ u/]/ slj e"lkn] n]v]sf
lyP, æ===d/]/ zxLb x'g]x¿, lhP/ t x]/, lhpg ‰g\ ufx|f] 5 ÛÆ
cfh d To:t} b'O{hgf lhpFbf zxLbx¿ / ltgsf] laNnLaf7 af/] atfpg
nfu]sL 5' .
d/]/ zxLb gePsf]
t/ afFr]/ lhpg ‰g\ ufx|f] ePsf] g]kfnL sfª\u|];sf Ps of]4f x'g'x'G5,
/fdhLjg l;+x . cToGt} ts{;Ët Pj+ k|efjsf/L efif0f ug]{ l;+x;Fu
g]kfndf k|hftGqnfO{ s;/L ;kmn agfpg] eGg]af/] cfˆg} ;kgf 5 .
t/fO{sf] dxf]Q/Ldf hGd]–x's]{ klg z'4 kj{tLo afx'gsf] h:tf] efsf
/ z}nLdf u8u8fP/ g]kfnL af]Ng'x'G5 . c¿ kxf8af6 t/fO{ a;fOF
;5{g\, pxfF dxf]Q/Laf6 bf]nvfdf :yfoL ¿kn] a;fOF ;g'{ePsf] 5 .
uj{n] eGg'x'G5, æd dw]zsf] dfG5] kxf8df uP/ klg ;j{;Ddlt kfP/
g]kfnL sfª\u|]; dxf;ldlt k|ltlglw 5' . cfdlgjf{rgdf dnfO{
l6s6 lbP d ToxfFaf6 -bf]nvf If]q g+= @_ lglZrt lhT5' . dlwz]nfO{
kxf8df l6s6 lbg' / p;n] r'gfj lhTg' of] Pp6f k|of]u g} x'GYof]
/ ;b\efjgf bnnfO{ 7"nf] r'gf}tL klg x'g]lyof] . t/ s]
ug'{===Æ
g]kfnsf] s'gf–sfKrf
;a}lt/ 3'd]/ ckfË, b'Mv kfPsf / kf6L{af6 a]jf:tf ul/Psf k|hftflGqs
cfGbf]ngsf cGo lhpFbf zxLbx¿sf] ;d]t xfnt b]v]sf /fdhLjgsf] uxg
kL8fn] el/Psf] :j/ u'l~hG5, æsfª\u|];sf w]/} dfcf]jfbLdf hfg ;Qm5g\Ù
d]/f] afWotf, d dfcf]jfbL x'g ;lQmgF . g]kfnL sfª\u|];df
nfu]/ d]/f xft uP . ca v'§f hfnfg\ x/]; vfGgF . t/,
b]zsf] e|i6frf/sf lj?4 / s/f]8klt–c/akltsf ;DklQ /fli6«os/0f u5{'
eg]/ lagf lx+;f sf]xL cufl8 cfPdf d To;nfO{ g]kfnL sfª\u|];d}
/x]/ klg g}lts ;dy{g / g]t[Tj lbg ;Qm5' .Æ hf]zn] af]Nbfaf]Nb}
pxfFsf c;fWo} rlDsnf cfFvf /;fP h:tf] b]V5' d .
xftn] /fd|f] sfd
gu/] klg b'O{j6} xft rnfpFb} s'/f ug]{ afgL /fdhLjgsf] 5 .
pxfFn] hLjgnfO{ / hLjgdf ul/g] ;ª\3if{nfO{ ;w}F ;sf/fTds ¿kn]
x]g]{ ug'{ePsf] 5 . @& jif{cl3sf] ad sf08, xftdf ad k8\s]kl5
tLg–rf/ dlxgf c:ktfndf a;]sf] / To;kl5sf s6' If0fx¿nfO{ ;D‰Fb}
eGg'x'G5, æd d/]/ zxLb t eOgF . ca afFRg ufx|f] 5 t/ c‰}
;ª\3if{ u5'{ . k~rfot;Fu t Toqf] ;ª\3if{ ul/of] . ca
g]kfnL sfª\u|];;Fu} lsg gug]{ <Æ
! k';nfO{ sfnf] lbgsf]
¿kdf dgfpg] l;nl;nfdf, @)#) ;fndf clw/fHosf ljleGg ;/sf/L gfsfx¿df
ad k8\sfpg] lg0f{o g]kfnL sfª\u|];n] u/]sf] lyof] . ToxL
cg';f/, ;Ltfd9L -ef/t_ df /x]sf] g]kfnL sfª\u|];sf] c8\8fn] le§fdf]8sf]
g]kfn Aofª\s / eG;f/df ad kmfNg] sfddf u0f]z g]kfnL / /fdhLjg
l;+xnfO{ v6fPsf] lyof] . u0f]zn] eG;f/df tfs]/ xfg]sf] ad
pl5l§P/ cfO{ /fdhLjgsf] xftdf nfUof] / ToxLF ljikmf]6 eof] .
pxfF a]xf]z x'g'eof] . To;lbg pxfFnfO{ ToxLF ufpFdf /flvof] .
ef]lnkN6 laxfg dl6xfgL nluof] / k'ln;n] uf]?uf8fdf xfnL hn]Zj/
c:ktfn k'¥ofP . bflxg] xftsf] a"9L cf}Fnf cfwf sf6]/
kmflnof] . clxn] Tof] cf}Fnf rNb}g . rf]/ cf}}Fnf klg
rNb}g . bflxg] xftsf] x8\8L ;a} km'6]sf] 5 . b]j|]sf]
klg a"9L / rf]/ cf}Fnf rNb}g . gf8Ldf c‰} 7"nf]
vt 5 / a]nfa]nfdf b'lv/xG5 .
c:ktfnkl5 pxfFnfO{
;f]‰} h]n nluof] / ufyu2L tfs]sf] egL cfhGd sf/faf;sf] ;hfo dfu
ub}{ /fhsfh d'2f rnfOof] . @)#@ ;fndf pxfF h]n kg'{eof] /
hgdt ;ª\u|xsf] 3f]if0ffkl5 @)#& ;fndf /fhfn] /fhaGbLx¿nfO{
cfddfkmL lbFbf 5'6\g'eof] . To:t} cleof]udf h]n xflnPsf O{Zj/
/ kbd nfdfnfO{ )$@ ;fndf dfl/of] eg] ljdn nfdf / nIdLgf/fo0f ‰fnfO{
hn]Zj/af6 h]n ;fg]{ egL aflx/ nluPsf]df clxn];Dd klg d/]–afFr]sf]
yfxf 5}g .
b'j} xft grNg] eP/
hLjge/sf nflu h]n kbf{ klg /fdhLjgn] hLjgaf6 xf/ vfg'ePsf] lyPg .
pxfFn] h]naf6} P;\=Pn\=;L= / cfO{=P= kf; ug'{eof] . aL=P=sf]
kmd{ e/]kl5 pxfF h]naf6 5'6\g'eof] t/ k9fO eg] sfod} /fVg'eof] .
)#* ;fnb]lv )$! ;fn;Dd ;nf{xLsf] :s"ndf clg )$@ ;fnb]lv )$^
;fn;Dd bf]nvfsf SofDk; / :s"ndf k9fpg'eof] . hgcfGbf]ngdf
pxfFnfO{ :s"naf6 lgisfl;t ul/of] eg] To;kl5sf] cfdlgjf{rgdf
r'gfj k|rf/df lxF8\bf SofDk;sf] hflu/ klg uof] . dxf]Q/Ldf
/x]sf] k}t[s ;DklQ tLg bfh'efOnfO{ efu nufpFbf pxfFsf] c+zdf hDdf
!#–!$ w'/ af/L / !& s¶f v]t k/]sf] 5 . xnLn] *–!) dg
wfg lbG5 a;\ . xfn bf]nvfdf Pp6f 8]/f 5 . Ps 5f]/f,
Ps 5f]/L 5g\ . >LdtL k|f=lj=sL lzlIfsf x'g'x'G5 .
æ5f]/f–5f]/LnfO{ cfˆgf] v]taf/L aGws /fvL k9fPsf] 5' . hlxn]
;S5' lt5'{ . g;s] logLx¿ 7"nf ePkl5 sdfP/ lt5{g\ egL
:s"nnfO{ eg]sf] 5' . d]/f] 7fpFdf csf]{ JolQm eP clxn]
aGb's af]s]/ lxF8\bf] xf] . t/ d l;4fGtjfnf x'F . To;f]
ul/xfNg ;lQmgF,Æ l;+x eGg'x'G5 .
o; a]nf /fdhLjg l;+xsf]
cfosf] ;|f]t s]xL klg 5}g . Ps hgf k|f=lj= lzlIfsfsf] tnan]
rf/ hgfsf] kl/jf/ s;/L u'hf/f ubf]{ xf]nf, ;f]Rbf sxfnL nfU5 .
g]kfnL sfª\u|];sf g]tfaf6 s'g} ;xof]u jf e/y]u 5}g . t/,
/fdhLjg eg] 3l/3l/ ljiffbk"0f{ cg'xf/ nufP klg cfˆgf] ljkGgtfnfO{
xfF;]/ / ;sf/fTds s'/f u/]/ e'Ng rfxFb} eljion] s]xL z'e ;dfrf/
Nofpnf ls eGg] l‰gf] cf; c‰ ;fFlr/x]sf] x'g'x'G5 .
csf{ hLljt zxLb x'g'x'G5,
/fdhLjgsf ;fyL lzjk|;fb sËfn . pxfF clxn] s:tf] l:yltdf x'g'x'G5
eGg] s'/f pxfFsf] pkgfdaf6} k|:6 x'G5 . æhLjg u'hf/fsf] nflu
k|hftflGqs cfGbf]ngsf of]4f lzj sËfnsf] rNtLlkmtL{ k;nÆ n]lvPsf]
7]nfdf Pp6f :6f]e / Pp6f s/fxL /fv]/ vfhf–rd]gf agfP/ a]rL pxfF
lbgsf] ‰08} ?= $) sf] sf/f]af/ ug'{x'G5 . Tof] rfnL;af6 cfwfrflxF
pwf/f] lsg]sf] kL7f], t]n, g"g cflbsf] k};f ltbf{ ;lsG5 /
lbgsf] aL; ?k}ofF hlt sdfO x'G5 . x/]s lbg sfd ug{ ;s] To;}af6
klg dlxgfsf] ^)) ?k}ofF x'GYof] xf]nf . t/ xKtfdf Ps lbg
t lj>fd klg rflxof] . lj/fdL kbf{ / c¿ ck‰{6 sfdn] s]xL
lbg vfOlbG5g\ . ;a} lx;fa ubf{ dlxgfdf rf/ ;ob]lv kfFr ;osf]
rf]vf] cfDbfgL x'Fbf]/x]5 . 6fpsf] n'sfpgnfO{ sf}zn6f/df
;'s'Daf;LnfO{ ag]sf] Pp6f ;fgf] 5fk|f] kfpg'ePsf] /x]5 .
tLg aRrf 5g\, >LdtL ;fgf]ltgf] sfd ug'{x'G5 .
sËfnnfO{ @)#* ;fndf
>L % o'j/fhflw/fhsf] ckx/0f ug{ vf]h]sf] cleof]udf kqmfp ul/Psf]
lyof] . Tof] k|;Ë sf]6\ofpFb} uPsf] c;f/df Ps ;fKtflxsn]
æPs hgf sfª\u|]; dlxnfn] g} sËfnsf] gfd klg kf]lng\Æ egL n]v]sf]
5 . Tof] …Pshgf sfª\u|]; dlxnfÚ eg]/ dnfO{ g} ;Í]t ug{ vf]lhPsf]
xf] . dnfO{ klg ToxL cleof]udf y'g]sf] lyof] . o;af/]df d}n]
cd]l/sfaf6 k|sflzt d]/f] lstfa æ:of8f] cf]e/ ;fª\lu|nfÆ df k|:6;Fu
;a} s'/f n]v]sL 5'Ù To;sf08df sf]–sf] ;lDdlnt lyP egL gfd} ls6]/ .
s]/sf/ ubf{ Psk6s sËfnnfO{ d]/f] cufl8 NofP/ pEofO{ æoxL cfOdfO{n]
tFnfO{ o'j/fhdfly ad xfGg" eg]sf] xf]OgÆ eGb} tTsfnLg 8LcfO{hL
/Tg zdz]/ /f0ffn] 7"nf] :j/df s8\s]/ sËfnnfO{ ‰fFun‰F'un
kfb}{ dnfO{ xsf/] . d}n] sËfns} cufl8 æof] lgbf]{ifnfO{ s]xL
gu/ . o;nfO{ s]xL yfxf 5}gÆ egL c8\8L lnPsL lyPF . of]
36gf k'ln; Snasf] xf] . To;kl5 dnfO{ dx]Gb|gu/ h]n nluof] .
!( jif{kl5 clxn] yfxf kfPF, sËfnnfO{ afUn'ª nu]sf] lyof] /] Û
sËfnnfO{ o'j/fhsf]
ckx/0f ug{ vf]Hg] zÍf:kb JolQm lsg 7x¥ofOPsf] xf]nf eg] g]kfnL
sfª\u|];sf] ;zQm qmflGt cleofgsf a]nf -@)@$ b]lv @)## ;fn;Dd_
pxfF sfª\u|];sf tkm{af6 g]kfnsf ljleGg efudf ad cf];f/k;f/ ug]{
/ xfGg] sfo{df vl6g'ePsf] lyof] . k~rfotL ;/sf/ kmfNg'k5{
eGg] krf{ / adx¿ s'g} 7fpFdf c¿ sfo{stf{n] k'¥ofpg g;Sbf ToxfF
sËfnnfO{ v6fOGYof] . /, pxfF tL ;a sfd kmQ] u/L km]l/ agf/;,
aLkL sf]O/fnfsf 7fpFdf, ;s'zn kms{g'x'GYof] . k~rfotlj?4
pxfFn] clGtd ad )#! ;fndf sf7df8f}F, h};Lb]jndf k8\sfpg'eof] .
)## ;fndf ;z:q qmflGtsf] /0fgLlt kl/Tofu u/]/ d]nldnfksf] k|:tfj
lnO{ aL=kL= g]kfn k|j]z u/]kl5 sËfn agf/;af6} …g]kfn k|efÚ eGg]
klqsf rnfpg nfUg'ePsf] lyof] . klqsfsf lglDt n]vsx¿;Fu ;Dks{
ug{ pxfF aLraLrdf g]kfn cfpFb}–hfFb} ug'{x'GYof] . o:tf]
a]nf Pp6f cs}{ ;d"xn] oxfF o'j/fhsf] ckx/0f ug]{ of]hgf agfof] .
k'ln;n] tL if8\oGqsf/LnfO{ ;'£g klg gkfPsf] x'gfn] ToxL ‰f]Fsdf,
sfd b]vfpg, sËfnnfO{ kqmfp u¥of] / ‰08} ^ jif{ h]n oftgf lbof] .
PDg]i6L OG6/Gof;gn, hd{gLsf] bafa / k|of;kl5 dfq pxfF 5'6\g'eof] .
5'6]kl5, u0f]zdfghLsf] l;kmfl/;df s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{n] pxfFnfO{
dfl;s ?= #)) lbg yfNg'eof] / hgcfGbf]ngkl5 cfkm" k|wfgdGqL
x'Fbf of] /sd a9fP/ ?= %)) k'¥ofOlbg'eof] . t/ @)$* ;fndf
lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf k|wfgdGqL ePkl5 Tof] ;xof]u aGb ePsf] 5 .
k|hftflGqs of]4fsf
¿kdf k"/} hjfgL ;dk{0f u/]sf sf/0f sËfnn] w]/} k9\g ;Sg'ePg .
agf/; 5Fbf kl/ro ePsL dLgf;Fu pxfFn] @)$( ;fndf laxf ug'{eof]
/ …u[x:yLÚ a;fpg'eof] . u0f]zdfg l;+xn] sËfnnfO{ eGg'ePsf]
lyof], æd afFr]F eg] tkfO{Fsf aRrfx¿nfO{ k9fpg] Joj:yf ldnfOlbG5' .Æ
ca pxfF klg x'g'x'Gg . sËfn clxn] ufF;–af;–skf; tLg}yf]ssf]
vf]hLdf x'g'x'G5 . pxfFsf] k|Zg 5, æk~rfotn] t /fhgLlt kLl8tnfO{
rf/–rf/ la3f hldg lbP/ a;fof] eg] k|hftGqn] lsg ;Sb}g <
Tolt klg x'g ;Sb}g eg], pxfF eGg'x'G5, æd]/f tLgj6f aRrfnfO{ k9fpg]
lhDdf ;/sf/n] n]cf];\, d oxL 7]nfuf8fdf vfhf a]r]/ k]6 kfN5',
ToxL 5fk|f]df lhGbuL latfpF5' .Æ
lzj sËfn / /fdhLjg
l;+x h:tf lhpFbf zxLbnfO{ sb/ ug{ / ltgsf ;d:of ;'N‰fpg g]kfnL
sfª\u|];n] t'?Gt Wofg lbg'kg]{ xf] . xftdf ad k8\s]/ cw{–ckfË
ePsf oL :jtGqtf ;]gfgLx¿ / ltgsf gfafns ;Gtfgx¿n] b'O{5fs vfg,
cfª 9fSg / cf]t nfUg klg gkfpg] <
d'Vo s'/f] k|hftGqsf
of]4fsf u'0fx¿sf] sb/ ug'{ xf] . pgLx¿nfO{ s7}a/f eg]/, bofsf]
kfq agfP/ bfg lbg] xf]Og . logLx¿sf] h:tf] ;fx;k"0f{
sfd c¿ s;n] ug{ ;Sof] < pgLx¿sf sfdnfO{ olta]nf ;Qfdf
ePsfn] :d/0f ug'{k¥of] / oL b'O{ axfb'/sf cfjZostf k"/f ug'{
k¥of] . k|hftGq cfPkl5 o:tf of]4fx¿sf] u'0fsf] sb/ gx'g]
xf] / ltgsf] ufF;–af;–skf;sf] ;d:of ;dfwfg x'g g;Sg] xf] eg] ca
s:tf] Joj:yfnfO{ lgdGq0ff ug]{ / s:tfsf] z/0f kg]{ < k|hftGqsf
;]gfgLsf] sb/;Dd ug{ g;Sg]n] k|hftGqsf] s'/f ug{ ;'xfpnf <
b'uf{
kf]v/]n
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