| cfj/0f
8fS6/sf] e]ifdf Hofgdf/f
lnˆ6df RoflkP/ bflxg]
xftsf] a"9Lcf}Fnf l5g]kl5 ;fg]kf -nlntk'/_ sf %) jifL{o /Tg
yfkf gfd rn]sf xf8hf]gL{ ljz]if1 8f= czf]s
afF:sf]6f ePsf] aL P08 aL c:ktfn k'u] . ToxfF pgnfO{ cf}Fnf
hf]8\g ;Dej gePsf] atfOof] . To;kl5 pgL If]qkf6Ll:yt g]zgn
xl:k6n k'u] hxfF 8fS6/ P;\= /f0ffn] …s/ªsf] x8\8L lgsfn]/
cf}Fnf hf]l8lbg]Ú atfpFb} To;sf nflu 8]9 nfv ?k}ofF hDdf ug{ nufP .
;f] /sd hDdf u/]/
@ h]7 @)%^ df xl:k6n egf{ ePsf yfkfnfO{ $ h]7df d]l8sn sfplG;nsf
cWoIf 8f= ef]h/fh hf]zLn] …Pg]:y]l;ofÚ lbO{ a]xf]z kf/] /
pgs} cufl8 /f0ffn] …ck|]zgÚ u/] . ck|]zg ;lsPsf] ^ 306f;Dd
klg yfkfsf] xf]z v'n]g . To;kl5 pgnfO{ nugv]nl:yt kf6g c:ktfnsf]
cfO{;Lo'df k'¥ofOof] .tLg lbg;Dd a]xf]zsf] a]xf]z} /xL yfkfsf]
d[To' eof] .
gSsnL 8fS6/ /f0ff
xfn gSsnL gful/stfsf] d'2fdf cbfntsf] cfb]z cg';f/ k'k{Ifsf nflu
y'gfdf /x]sf 5g\ eg] ca pgLdfly pkrf/ ug]{ gfddf Hofg df/]sf]
cleof]u klg yk ul/Fb}5 . ;fy}, ;f]xL cleof]udf d]l8sn sfplG;nsf
cWoIf 8f= ef]h/fh hf]zLdfly klg k|x/Ln] d'2f btf{ ug]{ tof/L ul//x]sf]
5 . o; dfldnfnfO{ z'?b]lv g} cWoog ug]{ cg';Gwfg clws[t -lhNnf
k|x/L sfof{no, xg'dfg9f]sfsf k|x/L gfoa pk/LIfs_ ofbj vgfn lxdfn
;Fu eG5g\, æxfdL 8f= ef]h/fh hf]zLdfly klg st{Jo Hofg ;DaGwL d'2f
rnfpFb} 5f}F .Æ
Pp6f a"9Lcf}Fnfsf]
pkrf/ u/fpg c:ktfn uPsf yfkfn] d]l8sn sfplG;nsf cWoIfsf] cufl8
g} gSsnL 8fS6/sf] xftaf6 hLjg u'dfpg' k/]sf] o; 36gfn] d'n'sdf
8fS6/sf] e]ifdf Hofgdf/fx¿sf] laulauL al9/x]sf] dfq :ki6 kfb}{g,
8fS6/x¿nfO{ …k|flS6;Ú sf] cg'dlt lbg] / of] k]zfnfO{ dof{lbt u/fpg'kg]{
lhDdf lnPsf] d]l8sn sfplG;nsf] g]t[Tj cof]Uo, u}/lhDd]bf/ Pj+
zÍf:kb lgotsf JolQmsf] xftdf k'Ubf xTof/fx¿n] 8fS6/sf] ¿kdf rnv]n
ug]{ nfO;]G; / ;+/If0f s;/L kfpF5g\ eGg] klg 5n{Ë kf5{ .
/f0ffn] @)%^ j}zfv -ldlt gv'n]sf]_ df …:yfoL btf{Ú sf nflu d]l8sn
sfplG;ndf lgj]bg lbP / !( j}zfvdf btf{ k|df0fkq k|fKt u/] -s'g}
klg 8fS6/n] g]kfn clw/fHoleq …d]l8sn k|flS6;Ú ug{ sfplG;naf6 clgjfo{
¿kdf btf{ k|df0fkq lng'k5{_ . btf{sf lglDt sfplG;nsf b'O{hgf
;b:on] l;kmfl/; ug'{kg]{ lgod 5 . /f0ffsf] l;kmfl/; cWoIf
ef]h/fh hf]zL :jo+n] u/]sf lyP . Tolt dfq xf]Og, hf]zLn]
;Ssn k|df0fkqx¿ gx]/L /f0ffsf nflu …k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlkx¿Ú tof/
ul/lbPsf] s'/f 5fglag kl5 k|dfl0ft ePsf] 5 . sfplG;nnfO{
k]z u/]sf] Pp6f ljj/0fdf /f0ffn] cfˆgf] :yfoL a;f]af; Sofgf8f
atfPsf 5g\ eg] csf]{df cfkm"nfO{ …gg\ /]l;8]lG;on Ol08ogÚ
eg]sf 5g\ . g]kfnL gful/stfsf] -gSsnL_ k|df0fkqdf rflxF pgsf]
:yfoL a;f]af; sf7df8f}F dxfgu/kflnsf j8f g+= !& df /x]sf]
pNn]v 5 .
g]kfn Aofª\s ln=sf
lnˆ6Dofg /Tg yfkfsf] ck|]zg ubf{ /f0ffn] sfplG;naf6 …d]l8sn k|flS6;Ú
ug]{ cg'dlt–kq kfPsf] !& lbg dfq ePsf] lyof] . cfkm"
8fS6/ x'F / d]l8sn sfplG;nsf] cWoIfh:tf cflwsfl/s 8fS6/sf ;fd'Gg]
ck|]zg ug{ ;S5' eGg] k|df0f b]vfpg /f0ff slt nfnflot lyP eg] pgn]
ck|]zgsf] ;Dk"0f{ b[Zosf] …lel8of] /]sl8{ªÚ u/fPsf lyP .
clxn] ToxL /]sl8{ª pgL 8fS6/ xf]Ogg\ eGg] ;a}eGbf hLjGt k|df0f
aGg k'u]sf] 5 . ck|]zgsf b[Zox¿ slt qm"/ / cdfgjLo 5g\
eg] Tof] x]g]{ s'g} klg JolQmnfO{ /f0ff / 8f= hf]zLsf lj?4 cfˆgf]
cfqmf]z ;DxfNg d'lZsn x'G5
-aS;df x]g'{xf];\, lel8of]sf] ;+lIfKt ljj/0f_ .
t/, /Tg yfkfsf] Hofg
uP klg /f0ffnfO{ tTsfn vf;} ;d:of k/]g . pgL c¿;Fu klg df]6f]
/sd p7fpFb} / ck|]zg ub}{ uP . o;}aLr /f0ffsf] lrlsT;sLo
Ifdtfdf uDeL/ k|Zg p7fP/ # ebf} @)%^ df ;f];fO6L ckm g]kfnL ;h{G;
n] d]l8sn sfplG;ndf ph'/L lbof] . To;sf] !% lbgkl5, !* ebf}df
sfplG;nn] /f0ffsf k|df0fkqx¿ cflwsfl/s x'g\, xf]Ogg\ eGg] hfgsf/L
dfUb} cnLu9 / lbNnL ljZjljBfnox¿ -hxfFsf k|df0fkqx¿sf] 8f= hf]zLåf/f
k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk /f0ffn] k]z u/]sf lyP_ nfO{ kq k7fof] .
b'j} ljZjljBfnon] !) c;f]hdf sfplG;nnfO{ …k|df0fkqx¿ gSsnL x'g\,
ltgnfO{ k]z ug]{ JolQm -/f0ff_ lj?4 t'?Gt Pkm\=cfO{=cf/=
-k|x/Ldf hfx]/L_ btf{ ug"{Ú eGg] Joxf]/fsf] hjfkm k7fP .
t/, k|x/Ldf va/ ug'{;§f sfplG;n ‰08} b'O{ dlxgf r"krfk a:of]
/ To;kl5 klg, * dª\l;/df /f0ffnfO{ …;Ssn k|df0fkq;lxt xflh/ x'gÚ
Pp6f ;"rgf lgsfn]/ ‰f/f 6fg]{ k|of; u¥of] . t/ /f0ffn]
Tof] ;"rgfnfO{ k"/} a]jf:tf u/], pgL sfplG;n hfFb} uPgg\ .
o;aLr ljleGg kqklqsfn] …gSsnL 8fS6/Ú sf ;DaGwdf ;dfrf/x¿ k|sflzt
u/] klg ;h{gx¿n] To;af/] yk rf;f] b]vfPgg\ . dfgf}F sfplG;ndf
ph'/L btf{ ug'{ g} pgLx¿sf] st{Josf] Olt>L lyof] .
!^ df3sf] cÍdf lxdfn
n] cfˆgf] cfj/0f syfdf /f0ffsf] st'{tnfO{ klxnf]kN6 ;fj{hlgs u¥of] .
To;kl5 of] sf08 ;lhn} n'sfpg g;lsg] cj:yfdf k'Uof] / $ r}t @)%^
df sfplG;nn] 8f= ljhos'df/ zdf{sf] ;+of]hsTjdf 5fglag ;ldlt u7g
u¥of] . ;ldltn] /f0ffsf ;fy} o; sf08df sfplG;nsf cWoIf 8f=
hf]zL ;d]t bf]ifL /x]sf] atfpFb} @)%& h]7df k|ltj]bg k|:t't
u¥of] . cGttM /f0ffsf] gfd sfplG;ndf btf{ ePsf] kGw| dlxgf
/ ;h{gx¿sf] ph'/L k/]sf] P3f/f}F dlxgfkl5, !( c;f/ @)%& df
uf]/vfkq df ;"rgf k|sflzt u/]/ d]l8sn sfplG;nn] /f0ffsf]
btf{ vf/]h ul/Psf] hfgsf/L lbof] .
o;}aLr, ;+of]ujz,
k|x/Ln] klg /f0ffdfly zÍfsf] b[li6n] x]g{ yfln;s]sf] lyof] .
!) kmfu'g @)%^ df ;fOgaf]8{sf] ‰u8f lnP/ cfPsf] Pp6f Vofp6] dflg;n]
lxF8\g] a]nfdf lbPsf] lelhl6ª sf8{ x]/]kl5 ;fd'bflos k|x/L ;]jf,
afg]Zj/sf rgfvf k|x/L gfoa lg/LIfs ;tLzs'df/ 1jfnLnfO{ zÍf nfUof] .
pgn] ;"rgf af]8{df ‰'08ØfOPsf] lxdfn sf] cfj/0f syf -!^–#)
df3 @)%^_ sf] Go"h lSnlkªdf cfFvf uf8] .
cfkm"nfO{ sG;N6\ofG6
s:d]l6s–Knfl:6s ;h{g eGg] -x]g'{xf];\ lelhl6ª sf8{_ …8f= P;\=
/f0ffÚ sf] pd]/ hlt b]lvGYof], pgn] pNn]v u/]sf l8u|L / cg'ej
To;sf] t'ngfdf stf xf] stf a9L b]lvGy] . 6fO{ nufP/ cfPsf
pgn] cª\u|]hL /fd|/L g} af]n] klg dlxgf}Fb]lv kflnz gu/]sf, lxnf]
/ kmf]xf]/ s6\sl6Psf h'Qfn] pgnfO{ Pp6f g]kfnL 8fS6/ atfO/x]sf
lyPgg\ .
zÍf nfu] klg k|x/L;Fu
pgsf] lj?4 s'g} k|df0f lyPg, g s;}n] pgsf lj?4 ph'/L g} lbPsf]
lyof], tTsfn sfjf{xL rnfpg . t/ k|gflg 1jfnLsf] 5}6f}F OlGb|on]
pgnfO{ r"k nfu]/ a:g lbPg . To;}n] ;fd'bflos k|x/L ;]jf,
afg]Zj/n] ;fd'bflos ;]jf ;ldlt eGg] :yfgLo ;+:yf;Fu ldn]/ /f0ffaf/]
vf]hLlgtL z'? u¥of] . of] sfddf b]p/fnL Snasf kbflwsf/Lx¿n]
klg ;xof]u u/] .
:yfgLo afl;Gbfx¿sf]
;xof]usf sf/0f t'?Gt} kQf nfUof], 8f= /f0ffsf] gofF afg]Zj/l:yt
af;:yfg . s] klg yfxf eof] eg], glhs}sf] Pe/]i6 gl;{ª xf]ddf
pgn] Pp6L dlxnfsf] ev{/} ck|]zg u/]sf /x]5g\ . tL dlxnfaf6
/f0ffn] …Knfl:6s ;h{gÚ eP/ ck|]zg u/]sf] yfxf eof] / pgn] k|of]u
u/]sf] n]6/ Kof8af6 pgL g]zgn xl:k6n If]qkf6Ldf sfo{/t eGg] b]lvof] .
t/ d]l8sn sfplG;naf6 dfGotfk|fKt …8fS6/Ú ePsf sf/0f k|x/L Tof]eGbf
cufl8 a9\g ;s]g .
/f0ffsf] btf{ k|df0fkq
vf/]h ePsf] ;"rgf uf]/vfkq -!( c;f/, )%&_ df k9\gf;fy
k|x/L ;lqmo eof] . t/, ;"rgf lgl:sg nfu]sf] k"j{
hfgsf/L kfP/ xf]nf, ;"rgf k|sflzt x'g' cufj} pgL afg]Zj/af6
8]/f ;l/;s]sf lyP . s/La aL; lbg;Dd n'Sb}efUb} lxF8]kl5 %
;fpg @)%& sf] ;fF‰ dxf/fhu~hsf] Pp6f 3/af6 pgnfO{ k|x/Ln]
gf6sLo tj/df kqmfp u¥of] . rf/ nfOg 6]lnkmf]g ePsf] ;f] 3/df
pgL n's]sf] ;'/fs kfPkl5 k|x/Ln] k]h/df kmf]g u¥of] / /f0ffn]
snAofs ubf{, kmf]g ul//x]s} cj:yfdf ;dfTof] . kqmfp k/]kl5
;a}eGbf klxn] pgsf] gful/stf k|df0fkq gSsnL /x]sf] k|df0f km]nf
k¥of] / k|x/Ln] To;}sf] cfwf/df cbfnt k'¥ofof] . clxn] pgL
;b/vf]/ l8NnLahf/df 5g\ . pgsf] k'k{If rNb}5 / o;aLrdf Hofg;DaGwL
d'2f btf{ ug{ cfjZos cg';Gwfg k|x/Ln] k"/f ul/;s]sf] 5 .
cfkm"nfO{
8f= ;"o{ /f0ff, 8f= P;= /f0ff, /f7f}/ >L ;"o{ /f0ff
zf:qL h:tf gfdx¿af6 lrgfpg] oL JolQmsf] c;nL gfd s] xf], c‰;Dd
k|x/Ln] klg v'6\ofpg ;s]sf] 5}g . lu/ˆtf/Lkl5 pgsf] sf]7faf6
lht]Gb|s'df/ b'j] gfdsf] Pp6f k|df0fkq km]nf k/]sf] 5, t/ ToxL
pgsf] c;nL gfd xf] eGg ;lsg] yk cfwf/ e]l6Psf] 5}g . pgL
jf:tjdf sxfFsf afl;Gbf x'g\ / pgn] sxfF s] ljifo k9]sf 5g\ jf
5}gg\ nufot y'k|} k|Zgsf] pQ/ cfpg afFsL g} 5 . gSsnL k|df0fkqx¿
pgn] sxfF–sxfF tof/ kf/], sf7df8f}Fd} ls g]kfn aflx/, Tof] klg
eGg ;lsg] cj:yf 5}g . pgsf] afof]8f6f hfn;fhLsf] csf]{ gd"gf
b]lvG5 . ;'Gwf/fl:yt s:t'/L u]:6 xfp;df nfdf] ;do;Dd a;]/
ef8f glt/]kl5 @)%$ k';df /f0ffnfO{ gf} lbg;Dd xg'dfg9f]sf vf]/df
y'g]sf] /]s8{ k|x/L;Fu 5, t/ afof]8f6fdf pgn] cfkm" Tof]
;dodf ;]G6 hh{ xl:k6n, xªsªdf sfo{/t /x]sf] pNn]v u/]]sf 5g\ .
h;/L eP klg k};f
sdfpg' pgsf] Wo]o xf]nf, t/ To;sf lglDt lrlsT;f k]zfd} a;]/ hfn;fhL
ug'{sf k5fl8 sf/0f jf k[i7e"ld s] xf], Tof] klg c:ki6 g}
5 . cfˆgf …lzsf/Ú x¿af6 df]6f] /sd ‰fg{ dfq xf]Og ltgsf cfkmGtx¿sf]
of}gzf]if0f ug{ klg pgL kl5 x6\t}gy] eGg] k|df0f lj:tf/} km]nf
kb}{ uPsf 5g\, h;af/] klg k|x/L cg';Gwfg ub}{5 .
8fS6/sf] gfddf /f0ffn]
g]zgn xl:k6n -If]qkf6L_, Pe/]i6 gl;{ª xf]d -afg]Zj/_ / rf}aL;306]
gl;{ªxf]d -afnfh'_ df slt hgfsf] ck|]zg u/] / sltsf] s] xfnt eof],
;a} 36gfx¿ k|sfzdf cfPsf 5}gg\ . t/ !$ jifL{o nfndtL nfdf
/ k|lbk /fO{sf] lgwf/sf], ;[hgf kf08] / c~h' ;'g'jf/sf] ufnfsf]
ck|]zg ul/Psf] k|df0f e]l6Psf] 5 . k|ltJolQm ^) xhf/b]lv
Ps nfv ?k}ofFF;Dd lnP/ ul/Psf oL ck|]zgx¿ ;a} c;kmn ePsf] s'/f
kLl8tx¿n] k|x/LnfO{ atfPsf 5g\ . kqmfp kg'{cl3;Dd klg /f0ff
/f]uLx¿nfO{ km;fpFb} lyPÙ …ck|]zg ug{Ú &) xhf/ ?k}ofF 7Ls
kf/]/ 8fS6/ e]6\g hfFbf pgL kqmfp kl/;s]sf] yfxf kfPsL ;f]kmL
of]~hg elG5g\, æs;f] 8'laPg5 ÛÆ
/f]uLx¿k|lt lgd{d
eP klg cfkm"nfO{ x/]s kfOnfdf ;+/If0f lbg] 8f= ef]h/fh hf]zLk|lt
eg] pgsf] Jojxf/ d}qLk"0f{ / ;xof]uL b]lvG5 . h'g lbg
pgn] /Tg yfkfsf] ck|]zg u/]sf lyP, To;} lbg, $ h]7 @)%^ df yfkfnfO{
a]xf]z kfg]{ 8f= hf]zL;Fu …ljz]if1 ;]jfÚ lngsf nflu g]zgn xl:k6ns}
n]6/ Kof8df ^*!! gDa/sf] …k];]G6Ú nfO{ l;kmfl/; u/]sf 5g\ .
8f= hf]zL k};fsf] nf]edf pgsf] ;+/Ifs x'g k'u]sf x'g\ cyjf To;}
km;]sf x'g\ cg';Gwfgkl5 dfq :ki6 x'g]5 .
/f0ffnfO{ !% dlxgf
sfFw xfln;s]kl5 ca cfkm" klg pgL;Fu} km:g nfu]sf] a'‰]/ x'g
;S5, 8f= hf]zLsf] b[li6sf]0fdf eg] s]xL kl/jt{g cfpg yfn]sf] b]lvG5 .
/Tg yfkf sf08af/] lxdfn ;Fu s'/f ub}{ 8f= hf]zLn] p;a]nf -x]g'{xf];\
!^–@( df3, @)%^ sf] cÍ_ eg]sf lyP, ædnfO{ s]xL yfxf 5}g, d}n]
a]xf]z kf/]sf] x'F, c¿ 8f= /f0ffn] g} x]/]sf x'g\ .Æ clxn]
rflxF pgn] lxdfn ;Fu} s'/f ub}{, æ8fS6/ g} gePsf] dfG5]n] 8fS6/
x'F eg]/ dfG5] df/]sf]Æ :jLsf/ u/]sf 5g\ . pgn] yk], æPg]:y]l;of
d}n] u/]sf] x'F, t/ clxn] d'2f gSsnL k|df0fkqsf] xf] .Æ oBlk,
…gSsnL 8fS6/Ú n] @)%^ h]7df ck|]zgsf gfpFdf dfG5] df/]sf] …k|ToIfbzL{Ú
x'Fbfx'Fb} Ps jif{;Dd pg}nfO{ ;+/If0f k'Ug] u/L pgL lsg r"krfk
a;], To;sf] :ki6Ls/0f 8f= hf]zLaf6 cfpg afFsL g} 5 .
o;}aLr 8f= hf]zLsf]
of]Uotf / ljutsf sfdsf] 5fglag ug{ lqlj lzIf0f c:ktfnnfO{ lhDdf
lbOPsf] bfaL Ps ;"qn] u/]sf] 5 . ;h{gx¿n] h;sf] Jofj;flos
bIftfdf cf}krfl/s tj/n] k|Zg p7fO;s]sf lyP, pg}n] ug]{ ck|]zgdf
Pg]:y]l;of ug]{ hf]zLsf] of]Uotf / lgotdf zÍf nfu]/ Tof] cg';Gwfg
z'? ul/Psf] atfOG5 . t/ lzIf0f c:ktfnsf clwsf/Lx¿n] o;nfO{
k'li6 ug{ rfx]gg\ .
Pp6f w"t{ JolQmn]
xfdL / xfd|f] ;+oGqnfO{ slt ;lhn} kª\u' t'NofpFbf]/x]5 <
xfdL ;f]‰f, nf6f ls d"v{ < xfd|f] ;+oGqdf slt 7"nf
l5b| /x]5g\ hxfFaf6 Pp6f ljb]zL–w"t{ ;lhn} xfd|f] e'F8L leq;Dd
l5g{ ;Sbf]/x]5, xfd|f] Hofg lng;Dd ;kmn x'Fbf]/x]5 Û
/f0ff kqmfp k/] .
of] 7"nf] s'/f ePg . lsgeg] pgLdfly xTofsf] cleof]u
g} nfu]sf] 5 . t/ of] 36gfn] lrlsT;f k]zfsf] ;a}eGbf dof{lbt
kbdf 8f= hf]zL h:tf …gfnfosÚ k'Ug ;Sbf/x]5g\ / k'u]sf /x]5g\ eGg]
eofjx oyfy{nfO{ aflx/ NofPsf] 5 .
8f= hf]zL h:tf JolQmx¿
d]l8sn sfplG;nsf] cWoIf kbdf ePs} sf/0f …SjfsÚ a9]sf]df ca zÍf
/x]g . o;sf nflu, Joj;fosf] cf8df x'g] ck/fw lgoGq0f ug{
…cSo'k]zgn qmfOdÚ ;DaGwL 5'§} sfg"g agfpg'kg]{ wf/0ff /fV5g\,
k|x/L gfoa dxflg/LIfs cgGt/fd e§/fO{ . t/, k|x/L–k|zf;g /
OdfGbf/ 8fS6/n] o;cl3 klqmPsf …SjfsÚ nfO{ s8f sf/jfxL u/]sf] eP
yfkf ;d]t aRg ;Sg]lyP / …SjfsÚ o;/L a9\g] lyPgg\ .
36gfqmd
@)%^
-ldlt
gv'n]sf]_ j}zfv – /f0ffåf/f d]l8sn sfplG;ndf lgj]bg
!(
j}zfv – sfplG;nåf/f :yfoL btf{ k|df0fkq k|bfg
@
h]7 – /f0ffn] /Tg yfkf;Fu 8]9 nfv ?k}ofF lnPsf]
$
h]7 – /Tg yfkfsf] ck|]zg
*
h]7 – /Tg yfkfsf] d[To'
#
ebf} – ;f];fO6L ckm ;h{G;åf/f /f0fflj?4 ph'/L
!*
ebf} – lbNnL / cnLu9 ljZjljBfnonfO{ /f0ffsf] k|df0fkq af/] hfgsf/L
dfUb} d]l8sn sfplG;naf6 kq k7fOPsf]
!)
c;f]h – b'j} ljZjljBfnoaf6 /f0ffsf] k|df0fkq gSsnL ePsf] / t'?Gt
k|x/LnfO{ va/ ug"{ eGg] kq k|fKt
*
dª\l;/ – /f0ffnfO{ ;Ssn k|df0fkq;lxt xflh/ x'g
;"rgf
hf/L
!^
df3 – lxdfn sf] cfj/0f syfdf /f0ffn] ck|]zg ubf{ /Tg yfkfsf] d[To'
ePsf] ljj/0f klxnf]kN6 ;fj{hlgs
!)
kmfu'g – k|x/LnfO{ /f0ffdfly zÍf
$
r}t – d]l8sn sfplG;nåf/f 5fglag sld6L u7g
@)%&
-ldlt
gv'n]sf]_ h]7 – 5fglag sld6Låf/f sfplG;ndf k|ltj]bg k|:t't
!(
c;f/ – sfplG;nåf/f /f0ffsf] btf{ vf/]hL
%
;fpg – k|x/Låf/f /f0ff kqmfp
btf{
;DaGwL lgoddf d]l8sn sfplG;nsf axfnjfnf ;b:ox¿ dWo]af6 z}lIfs
k|df0fkq k|dfl0ft ug]{ sfg"gL Joj:yf ePsf]df lgh /f7f]/ -8f=
P;\= /f0ff_ sf] lgj]bgdf sfplG;nsf cWoIf 8f= ef]h/fh hf]zLHo"n]
l;kmfl/; ug'{ePsf] b]lvof] .
5fglag
6f]nLn] 8f= hf]zL;Fu #) j}zfv @)%& df 5nkmn ubf{ pxfFn] lgh
zf:qLsf] ;Ssn k|df0fkq x]/L k|dfl0ft u/]sf] xf] eGg'eof] .
lgh ;"o{ /f0ff zf:qL -P;\= /f0ff_ n] aL=kL= sf]O/fnf :jf:Yo
lj1fg k|lti7fgdf cGtjf{tf{sf] qmddf ;Ssn k|df0fkq k|:t't ug{ dfu
ubf{ k|df0fkq k]z ug{ g;s]sf] Joxf]/f 5fglag ;ldltsf ;b:o 8f=
;'wf+z'/fh zdf{n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .
k|fKt
hfgsf/L cg';f/ pQm JolQmn] o;cl3 ljleGg 7fpFdf ck|]zg ubf{ lghsf]
sfo{Ifdtf, of]Uotfx¿df g} zÍf eO{ …Pg]:y]l;:6Ú x¿n] ca pk/fGt
ck|]zg u/fpFbf cfkm"x¿nfO{ g af]nfpg" eg]/ hjfkm lbPsf]
;d]t, 5nkmnsf] qmddf 5fglag ;ldltsf ;+of]hs
8f= ljhos'df/ zdf{ / ;b:o 8f= dx]z Kofs'/]nn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .
-P;\=
/f0ffn]_ cfkm" ljz]if1 x'F egL cGo b'O{j6f c:ktfnaf6 cf}Fnf
sf6\g'kg]{ ;Nnfx lbPsf] lj/fdLsf] …cf}Fnf sf6\g' kb}{g, d}n] agfOlbG5'Ú
egL ck|]zg u/]sf] / ;f] ck|]zgsf] qmddf lj/fdLsf] cj:yf l;ls:t
eO{ lghnfO{ cGo c:ktfndf k7fPsf] / ToxfF lj/fdLsf] d[To' ePsf] .
o; ljifodf ljrf/ ubf{ lgh JolQmn] cfkm"n] ug}{ gx'g] sfo{
u/]sf] ;fy} / pm;Fu ;+nUg a]xf]z u/fpg] lrlsT;s g]kfn d]l8sn sfplG;nsf
cWoIf /x]sf] x'Fbf ;f] JolQmnfO{ ck|]zg ug{ ;xof]u u/]sf] h;n]
ubf{ lj/fdLsf] d[To' ePsf]df cWoIf h:tf] JolQmn] cfˆgf] g}lts
lhDd]jf/Laf6 plDsg ldN5 / <
d]l8sn sfplG;n cfkm}Fn] 8f= P;\=
/f0ff sf] ;DaGwdf 5fglag ug{ u7g u/]sf] pk;ldlt -@)%&_ sf]
k|ltj]bgsf c+zx¿ .
/f0ffn] cfˆgf]
…of]UotfÚ k|dfl0ft ug{ lvrfPsf] s/La $) ldg]6 nfdf] lel8of] lkmNddf
/Tg yfkfsf] ck|]zgsf] ;Dk"0f{ b[Zo /]s8{ ePsf] 5 . lhpFbfhfUbf
yfkf ck|]zg 6]a'ndf ;'tfOPsf x'G5g\ . Sofd]/f Psl5g pgsf]
sfl6Psf] a"9Lcf}Fnf]df s]lGb|t x'G5 . To;kl5 Pg]:y]l;of
lbO/x]sf 8f= ef]h/fh hf]zLsf] xft b]vf k5{ . yfkf a]xf]z
ePkl5 z'? x'G5, /f0ffsf] sfd . pgn] yfkfsf] Psflt/sf] s/ªdf
s'g} kx]Fnf] kbfy{ bN5g\ / 5'/fn] 5fnf sf6\5g\ . leqsf] xf8
b]lvPkl5 To;nfO{ ToxLF v's{G5g\, sf6\5g\ / ;gf;f] h:tf] s'g} cf}hf/n]
;dft]/ hah{:tL aflx/ tfG5g\ . xf8 v'ls{Fbf lg:s]sf] df;'
/ xf8sf] w"nf] hxfFsf] txLF 5f]8]/ s/ªsf] 5fnf l;pF5g\ .
To;kl5 kfv'/f / xTs]nfsf] 5fnf sf6\5g\ . s/ªaf6 lgsfn]sf]
x8\8LnfO{ ToxL 5fnfn] b'O{lt/af6 a]b}{ cf}Fnfdf hf]8]/ l;pF5g\
/ hah{:tL a"9Lcf}Fnf]sf] …;fOhÚ lbg vf]H5g\ . 8f= hf]zL
ToxLF glhs pleP/ Tof] b[Zo x]l//x]sf x'G5g\Ù Sofd]/f pgsf] cg'xf/df
k'u]/ c8\lsG5 .
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